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Gerstung M, Jolly C, Leshchiner I, Dentro SC, Gonzalez S, Rosebrock D, Mitchell TJ, Rubanova Y, Anur P, Yu K, Tarabichi M, Deshwar A, Wintersinger J, Kleinheinz K, Vázquez-García I, Haase K, Jerman L, Sengupta S, Macintyre G, Malikic S, Donmez N, Livitz DG, Cmero M, Demeulemeester J, Schumacher S, Fan Y, Yao X, Lee J, Schlesner M, Boutros PC, Bowtell DD, Zhu H, Getz G, Imielinski M, Beroukhim R, Sahinalp SC, Ji Y, Peifer M, Markowetz F, Mustonen V, Yuan K, Wang W, Morris QD, Spellman PT, Wedge DC, Van Loo P, Tarabichi M, Wintersinger J, Deshwar AG, Yu K, Gonzalez S, Rubanova Y, Macintyre G, Adams DJ, Anur P, Beroukhim R, Boutros PC, Bowtell DD, Campbell PJ, Cao S, Christie EL, Cmero M, Cun Y, Dawson KJ, Demeulemeester J, Donmez N, Drews RM, Eils R, Fan Y, Fittall M, Garsed DW, Getz G, Ha G, Imielinski M, Jerman L, Ji Y, Kleinheinz K, Lee J, Lee-Six H, Livitz DG, Malikic S, Markowetz F, Martincorena I, Mitchell TJ, Mustonen V, Oesper L, Peifer M, Peto M, Raphael BJ, Rosebrock D, Sahinalp SC, Salcedo A, Schlesner M, Schumacher S, Sengupta S, Shi R, Shin SJ, Spiro O, Pitkänen E, Pivot X, Piñeiro-Yáñez E, Planko L, Plass C, Polak P, Pons T, Popescu I, Potapova O, Prasad A, Stein LD, Preston SR, Prinz M, Pritchard AL, Prokopec SD, Provenzano E, Puente XS, Puig S, Puiggròs M, Pulido-Tamayo S, Pupo GM, Vázquez-García I, Purdie CA, Quinn MC, Rabionet R, Rader JS, Radlwimmer B, Radovic P, Raeder B, Raine KM, Ramakrishna M, Ramakrishnan K, Vembu S, Ramalingam S, Raphael BJ, Rathmell WK, Rausch T, Reifenberger G, Reimand J, Reis-Filho J, Reuter V, Reyes-Salazar I, Reyna MA, Wheeler DA, Reynolds SM, Rheinbay E, Riazalhosseini Y, Richardson AL, Richter J, Ringel M, Ringnér M, Rino Y, Rippe K, Roach J, Yang TP, Roberts LR, Roberts ND, Roberts SA, Robertson AG, Robertson AJ, Rodriguez JB, Rodriguez-Martin B, Rodríguez-González FG, Roehrl MHA, Rohde M, Yao X, Rokutan H, Romieu G, Rooman I, Roques T, Rosebrock D, Rosenberg M, Rosenstiel PC, Rosenwald A, Rowe EW, Royo R, Yuan K, Rozen SG, Rubanova Y, Rubin MA, Rubio-Perez C, Rudneva VA, Rusev BC, Ruzzenente A, Rätsch G, Sabarinathan R, Sabelnykova VY, Zhu H, Sadeghi S, Sahinalp SC, Saini N, Saito-Adachi M, Saksena G, Salcedo A, Salgado R, Salichos L, Sallari R, Saller C, Wang W, Salvia R, Sam M, Samra JS, Sanchez-Vega F, Sander C, Sanders G, Sarin R, Sarrafi I, Sasaki-Oku A, Sauer T, Morris QD, Sauter G, Saw RPM, Scardoni M, Scarlett CJ, Scarpa A, Scelo G, Schadendorf D, Schein JE, Schilhabel MB, Schlesner M, Spellman PT, Schlomm T, Schmidt HK, Schramm SJ, Schreiber S, Schultz N, Schumacher SE, Schwarz RF, Scolyer RA, Scott D, Scully R, Wedge DC, Seethala R, Segre AV, Selander I, Semple CA, Senbabaoglu Y, Sengupta S, Sereni E, Serra S, Sgroi DC, Shackleton M, Van Loo P, Shah NC, Shahabi S, Shang CA, Shang P, Shapira O, Shelton T, Shen C, Shen H, Shepherd R, Shi R, Spellman PT, Shi Y, Shiah YJ, Shibata T, Shih J, Shimizu E, Shimizu K, Shin SJ, Shiraishi Y, Shmaya T, Shmulevich I, Wedge DC, Shorser SI, Short C, Shrestha R, Shringarpure SS, Shriver C, Shuai S, Sidiropoulos N, Siebert R, Sieuwerts AM, Sieverling L, Van Loo P, Signoretti S, Sikora KO, Simbolo M, Simon R, Simons JV, Simpson JT, Simpson PT, Singer S, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Sipahimalani P, Aaltonen LA, Skelly TJ, Smid M, Smith J, Smith-McCune K, Socci ND, Sofia HJ, Soloway MG, Song L, Sood AK, Sothi S, Abascal F, Sotiriou C, Soulette CM, Span PN, Spellman PT, Sperandio N, Spillane AJ, Spiro O, Spring J, Staaf J, Stadler PF, Abeshouse A, Staib P, Stark SG, Stebbings L, Stefánsson ÓA, Stegle O, Stein LD, Stenhouse A, Stewart C, Stilgenbauer S, Stobbe MD, Aburatani H, Stratton MR, Stretch JR, Struck AJ, Stuart JM, Stunnenberg HG, Su H, Su X, Sun RX, Sungalee S, Susak H, Adams DJ, Suzuki A, Sweep F, Szczepanowski M, Sültmann H, Yugawa T, Tam A, Tamborero D, Tan BKT, Tan D, Tan P, Agrawal N, Tanaka H, Taniguchi H, Tanskanen TJ, Tarabichi M, Tarnuzzer R, Tarpey P, Taschuk ML, Tatsuno K, Tavaré S, Taylor DF, Ahn KS, Taylor-Weiner A, Teague JW, Teh BT, Tembe V, Temes J, Thai K, Thayer SP, Thiessen N, Thomas G, Thomas S, Ahn SM, Thompson A, Thompson AM, Thompson JFF, Thompson RH, Thorne H, Thorne LB, Thorogood A, Tiao G, Tijanic N, Timms LE, Aikata H, Tirabosco R, Tojo M, Tommasi S, Toon CW, Toprak UH, Torrents D, Tortora G, Tost J, Totoki Y, Townend D, Akbani R, Traficante N, Treilleux I, Trotta JR, Trümper LHP, Tsao M, Tsunoda T, Tubio JMC, Tucker O, Turkington R, Turner DJ, Akdemir KC, Tutt A, Ueno M, Ueno NT, Umbricht C, Umer HM, Underwood TJ, Urban L, Urushidate T, Ushiku T, Uusküla-Reimand L, Al-Ahmadie H, Valencia A, Van Den Berg DJ, Van Laere S, Van Loo P, Van Meir EG, Van den Eynden GG, Van der Kwast T, Vasudev N, Vazquez M, Vedururu R, Al-Sedairy ST, Veluvolu U, Vembu S, Verbeke LPC, Vermeulen P, Verrill C, Viari A, Vicente D, Vicentini C, VijayRaghavan K, Viksna J, Al-Shahrour F, Vilain RE, Villasante I, Vincent-Salomon A, Visakorpi T, Voet D, Vyas P, Vázquez-García I, Waddell NM, Waddell N, Wadelius C, Alawi M, Wadi L, Wagener R, Wala JA, Wang J, Wang J, Wang L, Wang Q, Wang W, Wang Y, Wang Z, Albert M, Waring PM, Warnatz HJ, Warrell J, Warren AY, Waszak SM, Wedge DC, Weichenhan D, Weinberger P, Weinstein JN, Weischenfeldt J, Aldape K, Weisenberger DJ, Welch I, Wendl MC, Werner J, Whalley JP, Wheeler DA, Whitaker HC, Wigle D, Wilkerson MD, Williams A, Alexandrov LB, Wilmott JS, Wilson GW, Wilson JM, Wilson RK, Winterhoff B, Wintersinger JA, Wiznerowicz M, Wolf S, Wong BH, Wong T, Ally A, Wong W, Woo Y, Wood S, Wouters BG, Wright AJ, Wright DW, Wright MH, Wu CL, Wu DY, Wu G, Alsop K, Wu J, Wu K, Wu Y, Wu Z, Xi L, Xia T, Xiang Q, Xiao X, Xing R, Xiong H, Alvarez EG, Xu Q, Xu Y, Xue H, Yachida S, Yakneen S, Yamaguchi R, Yamaguchi TN, Yamamoto M, Yamamoto S, Yamaue H, Amary F, Yang F, Yang H, Yang JY, Yang L, Yang L, Yang S, Yang TP, Yang Y, Yao X, Yaspo ML, Amin SB, Yates L, Yau C, Ye C, Ye K, Yellapantula VD, Yoon CJ, Yoon SS, Yousif F, Yu J, Yu K, Aminou B, Yu W, Yu Y, Yuan K, Yuan Y, Yuen D, Yung CK, Zaikova O, Zamora J, Zapatka M, Zenklusen JC, Ammerpohl O, Zenz T, Zeps N, Zhang CZ, Zhang F, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang J, Anderson MJ, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao Z, Zheng L, Zheng X, Zhou W, Zhou Y, Zhu B, Ang Y, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zhu S, Zou L, Zou X, deFazio A, van As N, van Deurzen CHM, van de Vijver MJ, van’t Veer L, Antonello D, von Mering C, Anur P, Aparicio S, Appelbaum EL, Arai Y, Aretz A, Arihiro K, Ariizumi SI, Armenia J, Arnould L, Asa S, Assenov Y, Atwal G, Aukema S, Auman JT, Aure MRR, Awadalla P, Aymerich M, Bader GD, Baez-Ortega A, Bailey MH, Bailey PJ, Balasundaram M, Balu S, Bandopadhayay P, Banks RE, Barbi S, Barbour AP, Barenboim J, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Barr H, Barrera E, Bartlett J, Bartolome J, Bassi C, Bathe OF, Baumhoer D, Bavi P, Baylin SB, Bazant W, Beardsmore D, Beck TA, Behjati S, Behren A, Niu B, Bell C, Beltran S, Benz C, Berchuck A, Bergmann AK, Bergstrom EN, Berman BP, Berney DM, Bernhart SH, Beroukhim R, 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Chan-Seng-Yue M, Chandan VS, Chang DK, Chanock SJ, Chantrill LA, Chateigner A, Chatterjee N, Chayama K, Chen HW, Chen J, Chen K, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cherniack AD, Chien J, Chiew YE, Chin SF, Cho J, Cho S, Choi JK, Choi W, Chomienne C, Chong Z, Choo SP, Chou A, Christ AN, Christie EL, Chuah E, Cibulskis C, Cibulskis K, Cingarlini S, Clapham P, Claviez A, Cleary S, Cloonan N, Cmero M, Collins CC, Connor AA, Cooke SL, Cooper CS, Cope L, Corbo V, Cordes MG, Cordner SM, Cortés-Ciriano I, Covington K, Cowin PA, Craft B, Craft D, Creighton CJ, Cun Y, Curley E, Cutcutache I, Czajka K, Czerniak B, Dagg RA, Danilova L, Davi MV, Davidson NR, Davies H, Davis IJ, Davis-Dusenbery BN, Dawson KJ, De La Vega FM, De Paoli-Iseppi R, Defreitas T, Tos APD, Delaneau O, Demchok JA, Demeulemeester J, Demidov GM, Demircioğlu D, Dennis NM, Denroche RE, Dentro SC, Desai N, Deshpande V, Deshwar AG, Desmedt C, Deu-Pons J, Dhalla N, Dhani NC, Dhingra P, Dhir R, DiBiase A, Diamanti K, Ding L, Ding S, Dinh HQ, Dirix L, 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George J, Gerhard DS, Gerhauser C, Gershenwald JE, Gerstein M, Gerstung M, Getz G, Ghori M, Ghossein R, Giama NH, Gibbs RA, Gibson B, Gill AJ, Gill P, Giri DD, Glodzik D, Gnanapragasam VJ, Goebler ME, Goldman MJ, Gomez C, Gonzalez S, Gonzalez-Perez A, Gordenin DA, Gossage J, Gotoh K, Govindan R, Grabau D, Graham JS, Grant RC, Green AR, Green E, Greger L, Grehan N, Grimaldi S, Grimmond SM, Grossman RL, Grundhoff A, Gundem G, Guo Q, Gupta M, Gupta S, Gut IG, Gut M, Göke J, Ha G, Haake A, Haan D, Haas S, Haase K, Haber JE, Habermann N, Hach F, Haider S, Hama N, Hamdy FC, Hamilton A, Hamilton MP, Han L, Hanna GB, Hansmann M, Haradhvala NJ, Harismendy O, Harliwong I, Harmanci AO, Harrington E, Hasegawa T, Haussler D, Hawkins S, Hayami S, Hayashi S, Hayes DN, Hayes SJ, Hayward NK, Hazell S, He Y, Heath AP, Heath SC, Hedley D, Hegde AM, Heiman DI, Heinold MC, Heins Z, Heisler LE, Hellstrom-Lindberg E, Helmy M, Heo SG, Hepperla AJ, Heredia-Genestar JM, Herrmann C, Hersey P, Hess JM, Hilmarsdottir H, Hinton J, Hirano S, Hiraoka N, Hoadley KA, Hobolth A, Hodzic E, Hoell JI, Hoffmann S, Hofmann O, Holbrook A, Holik AZ, Hollingsworth MA, Holmes O, Holt RA, Hong C, Hong EP, Hong JH, Hooijer GK, Hornshøj H, Hosoda F, Hou Y, Hovestadt V, Howat W, Hoyle AP, Hruban RH, Hu J, Hu T, Hua X, Huang KL, Huang M, Huang MN, Huang V, Huang Y, Huber W, Hudson TJ, Hummel M, Hung JA, Huntsman D, Hupp TR, Huse J, Huska MR, Hutter B, Hutter CM, Hübschmann D, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Imbusch CD, Imielinski M, Imoto S, Isaacs WB, Isaev K, Ishikawa S, Iskar M, Islam SMA, Ittmann M, Ivkovic S, Izarzugaza JMG, Jacquemier J, Jakrot V, Jamieson NB, Jang GH, Jang SJ, Jayaseelan JC, Jayasinghe R, Jefferys SR, Jegalian K, Jennings JL, Jeon SH, Jerman L, Ji Y, Jiao W, Johansson PA, Johns AL, Johns J, Johnson R, Johnson TA, Jolly C, Joly Y, Jonasson JG, Jones CD, Jones DR, Jones DTW, Jones N, Jones SJM, Jonkers J, Ju YS, Juhl H, Jung J, Juul M, Juul RI, Juul S, Jäger N, Kabbe R, Kahles A, Kahraman A, Kaiser VB, Kakavand H, Kalimuthu S, von Kalle C, Kang KJ, Karaszi K, Karlan B, Karlić R, Karsch D, Kasaian K, Kassahn KS, Katai H, Kato M, Katoh H, Kawakami Y, Kay JD, Kazakoff SH, Kazanov MD, Keays M, Kebebew E, Kefford RF, Kellis M, Kench JG, Kennedy CJ, Kerssemakers JNA, Khoo D, Khoo V, Khuntikeo N, Khurana E, Kilpinen H, Kim HK, Kim HL, Kim HY, Kim H, Kim J, Kim J, Kim JK, Kim Y, King TA, Klapper W, Kleinheinz K, Klimczak LJ, Knappskog S, Kneba M, Knoppers BM, Koh Y, Komorowski J, Komura D, Komura M, Kong G, Kool M, Korbel JO, Korchina V, Korshunov A, Koscher M, Koster R, Kote-Jarai Z, Koures A, Kovacevic M, Kremeyer B, Kretzmer H, Kreuz M, Krishnamurthy S, Kube D, Kumar K, Kumar P, Kumar S, Kumar Y, Kundra R, Kübler K, Küppers R, Lagergren J, Lai PH, Laird PW, Lakhani SR, Lalansingh CM, Lalonde E, Lamaze FC, Lambert A, Lander E, Landgraf P, Landoni L, Langerød A, Lanzós A, Larsimont D, Larsson E, Lathrop M, Lau LMS, Lawerenz C, Lawlor RT, Lawrence MS, Lazar AJ, Lazic AM, Le X, Lee D, Lee D, Lee EA, Lee HJ, Lee JJK, Lee JY, Lee J, Lee MTM, Lee-Six H, Lehmann KV, Lehrach H, Lenze D, Leonard CR, Leongamornlert DA, Leshchiner I, Letourneau L, Letunic I, Levine DA, Lewis L, Ley T, Li C, Li CH, Li HI, Li J, Li L, Li S, Li S, Li X, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Liang H, Liang SB, Lichter P, Lin P, Lin Z, Linehan WM, Lingjærde OC, Liu D, Liu EM, Liu FFF, Liu F, Liu J, Liu X, Livingstone J, Livitz D, Livni N, Lochovsky L, Loeffler M, Long GV, Lopez-Guillermo A, Lou S, Louis DN, Lovat LB, Lu Y, Lu YJ, Lu Y, Luchini C, Lungu I, Luo X, Luxton HJ, Lynch AG, Lype L, López C, López-Otín C, Ma EZ, Ma Y, MacGrogan G, MacRae S, Macintyre G, Madsen T, Maejima K, Mafficini A, Maglinte DT, Maitra A, Majumder PP, Malcovati L, Malikic S, Malleo G, Mann GJ, Mantovani-Löffler L, Marchal K, Marchegiani G, Mardis ER, Margolin AA, Marin MG, Markowetz F, Markowski J, Marks J, Marques-Bonet T, Marra MA, Marsden L, Martens JWM, Martin S, Martin-Subero JI, Martincorena I, Martinez-Fundichely A, Maruvka YE, Mashl RJ, Massie CE, Matthew TJ, Matthews L, Mayer E, Mayes S, Mayo M, Mbabaali F, McCune K, McDermott U, McGillivray PD, McLellan MD, McPherson JD, McPherson JR, McPherson TA, Meier SR, Meng A, Meng S, Menzies A, Merrett ND, Merson S, Meyerson M, Meyerson W, Mieczkowski PA, Mihaiescu GL, Mijalkovic S, Mikkelsen T, Milella M, Mileshkin L, Miller CA, Miller DK, Miller JK, Mills GB, Milovanovic A, Minner S, Miotto M, Arnau GM, Mirabello L, Mitchell C, Mitchell TJ, Miyano S, Miyoshi N, Mizuno S, Molnár-Gábor F, Moore MJ, Moore RA, Morganella S, Morris QD, Morrison C, Mose LE, Moser CD, Muiños F, Mularoni L, Mungall AJ, Mungall K, Musgrove EA, Mustonen V, Mutch D, Muyas F, Muzny DM, Muñoz A, Myers J, Myklebost O, Möller P, Nagae G, Nagrial AM, Nahal-Bose HK, Nakagama H, Nakagawa H, Nakamura H, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nandi T, Nangalia J, Nastic M, Navarro A, Navarro FCP, Neal DE, Nettekoven G, Newell F, Newhouse SJ, Newton Y, Ng AWT, Ng A, Nicholson J, Nicol D, Nie Y, Nielsen GP, Nielsen MM, Nik-Zainal S, Noble MS, Nones K, Northcott PA, Notta F, O’Connor BD, O’Donnell P, O’Donovan M, O’Meara S, O’Neill BP, O’Neill JR, Ocana D, Ochoa A, Oesper L, Ogden C, Ohdan H, Ohi K, Ohno-Machado L, Oien KA, Ojesina AI, Ojima H, Okusaka T, Omberg L, Ong CK, Ossowski S, Ott G, Ouellette BFF, P’ng C, Paczkowska M, Paiella S, Pairojkul C, Pajic M, Pan-Hammarström Q, Papaemmanuil E, Papatheodorou I, Paramasivam N, Park JW, Park JW, Park K, Park K, Park PJ, Parker JS, Parsons SL, Pass H, Pasternack D, Pastore A, Patch AM, Pauporté I, Pea A, Pearson JV, Pedamallu CS, Pedersen JS, Pederzoli P, Peifer M, Pennell NA, Perou CM, Perry MD, Petersen GM, Peto M, Petrelli N, Petryszak R, Pfister SM, Phillips M, Pich O, Pickett HA, Pihl TD, Pillay N, Pinder S, Pinese M, Pinho AV. Author Correction: The evolutionary history of 2,658 cancers. Nature 2023; 614:E42. [PMID: 36697833 PMCID: PMC9931577 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Gerstung
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK. .,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Clemency Jolly
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Ignaty Leshchiner
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Stefan C. Dentro
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Santiago Gonzalez
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Rosebrock
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Thomas J. Mitchell
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yulia Rubanova
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Pavana Anur
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Kaixian Yu
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Maxime Tarabichi
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Amit Deshwar
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Jeff Wintersinger
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Kortine Kleinheinz
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ignacio Vázquez-García
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kerstin Haase
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Lara Jerman
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK ,grid.8954.00000 0001 0721 6013University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Subhajit Sengupta
- grid.240372.00000 0004 0400 4439NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Geoff Macintyre
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Salem Malikic
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia Canada ,grid.412541.70000 0001 0684 7796Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Nilgun Donmez
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia Canada ,grid.412541.70000 0001 0684 7796Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Dimitri G. Livitz
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Marek Cmero
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,grid.1042.70000 0004 0432 4889Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Jonas Demeulemeester
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven Schumacher
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Yu Fan
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Xiaotong Yao
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.429884.b0000 0004 1791 0895New York Genome Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Juhee Lee
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Matthias Schlesner
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul C. Boutros
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.419890.d0000 0004 0626 690XOntario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - David D. Bowtell
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Gad Getz
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Marcin Imielinski
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.429884.b0000 0004 1791 0895New York Genome Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - S. Cenk Sahinalp
- grid.412541.70000 0001 0684 7796Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada ,grid.411377.70000 0001 0790 959XIndiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Yuan Ji
- grid.240372.00000 0004 0400 4439NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Martin Peifer
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Markowetz
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ville Mustonen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ke Yuan
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Wenyi Wang
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Quaid D. Morris
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | | | - Paul T. Spellman
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - David C. Wedge
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.454382.c0000 0004 7871 7212Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Van Loo
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK. .,University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Calabrese C, Davidson NR, Demircioğlu D, Fonseca NA, He Y, Kahles A, Lehmann KV, Liu F, Shiraishi Y, Soulette CM, Urban L, Greger L, Li S, Liu D, Perry MD, Xiang Q, Zhang F, Zhang J, Bailey P, Erkek S, Hoadley KA, Hou Y, Huska MR, Kilpinen H, Korbel JO, Marin MG, Markowski J, Nandi T, Pan-Hammarström Q, Pedamallu CS, Siebert R, Stark SG, Su H, Tan P, Waszak SM, Yung C, Zhu S, Awadalla P, Creighton CJ, Meyerson M, Ouellette BFF, Wu K, Yang H, Brazma A, Brooks AN, Göke J, Rätsch G, Schwarz RF, Stegle O, Zhang Z, Wu K, Yang H, Fonseca NA, Kahles A, Lehmann KV, Urban L, Soulette CM, Shiraishi Y, Liu F, He Y, Demircioğlu D, Davidson NR, Calabrese C, Zhang J, Perry MD, Xiang Q, Greger L, Li S, Liu D, Stark SG, Zhang F, Amin SB, Bailey P, Chateigner A, Cortés-Ciriano I, Craft B, Erkek S, Frenkel-Morgenstern M, Goldman M, Hoadley KA, Hou Y, Huska MR, Khurana E, Kilpinen H, Korbel JO, Lamaze FC, Li C, Li X, Li X, Liu X, Marin MG, Markowski J, Nandi T, Nielsen MM, Ojesina AI, Pan-Hammarström Q, 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KH, Busanovich J, Bustamante CD, Butler AP, Butte AJ, Byrne NJ, Børresen-Dale AL, Caesar-Johnson SJ, Cafferkey A, Cahill D, Calabrese C, Caldas C, Calvo F, Camacho N, Campbell PJ, Campo E, Cantù C, Cao S, Carey TE, Carlevaro-Fita J, Carlsen R, Cataldo I, Cazzola M, Cebon J, Cerfolio R, Chadwick DE, Chakravarty D, Chalmers D, Chan CWY, Chan K, Chan-Seng-Yue M, Chandan VS, Chang DK, Chanock SJ, Chantrill LA, Chateigner A, Chatterjee N, Chayama K, Chen HW, Chen J, Chen K, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cherniack AD, Chien J, Chiew YE, Chin SF, Cho J, Cho S, Choi JK, Choi W, Chomienne C, Chong Z, Choo SP, Chou A, Christ AN, Christie EL, Chuah E, Cibulskis C, Cibulskis K, Cingarlini S, Clapham P, Claviez A, Cleary S, Cloonan N, Cmero M, Collins CC, Connor AA, Cooke SL, Cooper CS, Cope L, Corbo V, Cordes MG, Cordner SM, Cortés-Ciriano I, Covington K, Cowin PA, Craft B, Craft D, Creighton CJ, Cun Y, Curley E, Cutcutache I, Czajka K, Czerniak B, Dagg RA, Danilova L, Davi MV, Davidson NR, Davies H, Davis IJ, 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Author Correction: Genomic basis for RNA alterations in cancer. Nature 2023; 614:E37. [PMID: 36697831 PMCID: PMC9931574 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Calabrese
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Natalie R. Davidson
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Deniz Demircioğlu
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nuno A. Fonseca
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Yao He
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - André Kahles
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kjong-Van Lehmann
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fenglin Liu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XThe University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Cameron M. Soulette
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Lara Urban
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Liliana Greger
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Siliang Li
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongbing Liu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Marc D. Perry
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Qian Xiang
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fan Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Bailey
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Serap Erkek
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katherine A. Hoadley
- grid.10698.360000000122483208The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Yong Hou
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Matthew R. Huska
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helena Kilpinen
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201University College London, London, UK
| | - Jan O. Korbel
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximillian G. Marin
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Julia Markowski
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tannistha Nandi
- grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chandra Sekhar Pedamallu
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Reiner Siebert
- grid.410712.10000 0004 0473 882XUlm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan G. Stark
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hong Su
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Patrick Tan
- grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sebastian M. Waszak
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Yung
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shida Zhu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Philip Awadalla
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Chad J. Creighton
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Kui Wu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK.
| | - Angela N. Brooks
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jonathan Göke
- grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gunnar Rätsch
- ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. .,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Roland F. Schwarz
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK ,grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Stegle
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK ,grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zemin Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
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Aaltonen LA, Abascal F, Abeshouse A, Aburatani H, Adams DJ, Agrawal N, Ahn KS, Ahn SM, Aikata H, Akbani R, Akdemir KC, Al-Ahmadie H, Al-Sedairy ST, Al-Shahrour F, Alawi M, Albert M, Aldape K, Alexandrov LB, Ally A, Alsop K, Alvarez EG, Amary F, Amin SB, Aminou B, Ammerpohl O, Anderson MJ, Ang Y, Antonello D, Anur P, Aparicio S, Appelbaum EL, Arai Y, Aretz A, Arihiro K, Ariizumi SI, Armenia J, Arnould L, Asa S, Assenov Y, Atwal G, Aukema S, Auman JT, Aure MRR, Awadalla P, Aymerich M, Bader GD, Baez-Ortega A, Bailey MH, Bailey PJ, Balasundaram M, Balu S, Bandopadhayay P, Banks RE, Barbi S, Barbour AP, Barenboim J, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Barr H, Barrera E, Bartlett J, Bartolome J, Bassi C, Bathe OF, Baumhoer D, Bavi P, Baylin SB, Bazant W, Beardsmore D, Beck TA, Behjati S, Behren A, Niu B, Bell C, Beltran S, Benz C, Berchuck A, Bergmann AK, Bergstrom EN, Berman BP, Berney DM, Bernhart SH, Beroukhim R, Berrios M, Bersani S, Bertl J, Betancourt M, Bhandari V, Bhosle SG, Biankin AV, Bieg M, 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Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes. Nature 2020; 578:82-93. [PMID: 32025007 PMCID: PMC7025898 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-1969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1435] [Impact Index Per Article: 358.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale1-3. Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4-5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter4; identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation5,6; analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution7; describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity8,9; and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes8,10-18.
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Al-Odaib AN, Al-Sedairy ST. An overview of the Prince Salman Center for Disability Research scientific outcomes. Saudi Med J 2014; 35 Suppl 1:S75-90. [PMID: 25551118 PMCID: PMC4362095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali N. Al-Odaib
- From the Prince Salman Center for Disability Research, and the Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Ali N. Al-Odaib, Deputy Executive Director for Research Affairs, Prince Salman Center for Disability Research, PO Box 94682, Riyadh 11614, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tel. +966 (11) 4884401. E-mail:
| | - Sultan T. Al-Sedairy
- From the Prince Salman Center for Disability Research, and the Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrozul Haq
- a Department of Biological and Medical Research (MBC-03) , King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre , P.O. Bo 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nona Remo
- a Department of Biological and Medical Research (MBC-03) , King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre , P.O. Bo 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan T. Al-Sedairy
- a Department of Biological and Medical Research (MBC-03) , King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre , P.O. Bo 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
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Kwaasi AAA, Harfi HA, Parhar RS, Saleh S, Collison KS, Panzani RC, Al-Sedairy ST, Al-Mohanna FA. Cross-reactivities between date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) polypeptides and foods implicated in the oral allergy syndrome. Allergy 2002; 57:508-18. [PMID: 12028116 DOI: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.23308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Date fruit and pollen antigens share a number of cross-reactive epitopes. Date pollen has been shown to cross-react with antigens from Artemisia, cultivated rye (Secale cereale), Timothy grass (Phleum pratense), Sydney golden wattle (Acacia longifolia) and Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) pollen. The present study was carried out to examine any cross-reactivities between date palm polypeptides and antigens of some common foods and vegetables that have been implicated in the oral allergy syndrome (OAS). Because most of such cross-reactivities in other allergens are attributable to the presence of carbohydrate chains and profilin, their role was also investigated. METHODS Fresh extracts of 20 common fruits and vegetables were prepared. Putative date profilins were isolated by affinity chromatography using a poly L-proline column. Date fruit extracts were digested by various endoglycosidases and the immunoglobulin (Ig)E binding of the postdigest products was assessed in immunoblots. Rabbit antisera to whole date fruit extracts, Timothy grass profilin and putative date profilins, as well as human sera from date sensitive individuals were used in immunoblotting, ELISA and in inhibition experiments. RESULTS IgG, ELISA and immunoblot results with the different rabbit antisera and date-sensitive atopic sera showed several antigenic cross-reactivities and similar cross-reactivities were seen with birch, date and timothy grass profilins. IgE, ELISA and immunoblot experiments with pooled date sensitive human sera showed a range of cross-reactivities with some food extracts. A number of the IgE cross-reactivities could be inhibited after preabsorption of pooled sera with date extracts. Sixty-six percent of individual date hypersensitive human sera bound IgE in putative date fruit profilin and their pooled sera bound IgE in birch pollen profilin. IgE-binding of the endoglycosidase digested date fruit extracts to atopic serum pool was restricted to only a very low molecular weight band of 6.5-8 kDa. CONCLUSION These results indicate that date palm polypeptides share cross-reactive IgG and IgE epitopes with a number of foods implicated in the oral allergy syndrome, bind to birch and Timothy grass profilins and bind IgE through glycosyl residues. The clinical relevance of these cross-reactivities needs to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A A Kwaasi
- Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kwaasi AA, Harfi HA, Parhar RS, Collison KS, Al-Sedairy ST, Al-Mohanna FA. Cultivar-specific IgE-epitopes in date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit allergy. Correlation of skin test reactivity and ige-binding properties in selecting date cultivars for allergen standardization. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2000; 123:137-44. [PMID: 11060485 DOI: 10.1159/000024432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Date fruits are allergenic and standardized extracts are required for diagnosis and therapy of this allergy. Since there are several cultivars of dates, this study was carried out to assess the allergenicity of different cultivars in order to select suitable source material for standardization. METHODS The protein profiles of 18 of the most commonly sold varieties were compared by SDS-PAGE and their relative allergenicity assessed by SPT and IgE-based ELISA and immunoblotting. Thirty-two date fruit-sensitive patients were skin tested with a pooled extract from all the cultivars. Six of the patients with high SPT results (> or =3+) who volunteered were further tested with the 18 cultivars and their sera used in ELISA and immunoblotting. RESULTS Six of the cultivars gave high SPT-positive reactions in > or =4 of patients. Five of these high SPT-reactive cultivars gave high IgE ELISA scores (> or =0.58) but individual cultivars varied in their number of IgE immunoblot bands. Cultivar-specific IgE-binding patterns indicated that only certain cultivars bound IgE at molecular weights of < or =14.3 and 27-33 kDa whilst all cultivars bound to a 54-58 kDa doublet. Cultivars that bind to the < or =14.3 and 27-33 kDa bands appeared to form the majority of the high SPT-reactive cultivars. When individual sera of 24 of the 32 SPT-positive patients were used in IgE immunoblots with the pooled cultivar extract, all sera bound IgE at < or =14.3 and 27-33 kDa and about 60% of sera bound to a 54-58 kDa doublet bands. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that allergenicity of date fruits is a cultivar-specific phenomenon. Sixty to 100% of sera from date fruit-allergic patients bind IgE to three major allergens of < or =14.3, 27-33 and 54-58 kDa. Five of the cultivars that evoke high SPT reactions, high IgE ELISA scores and bind IgE to the major allergens, can be selected for the preparation of 'in-house' allergen extracts and for allergen standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Kwaasi
- Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Kwaasi AA, Harfi HA, Parhar RS, Al-Sedairy ST, Collison KS, Panzani RC, Al-Mohanna FA. Allergy to date fruits: characterization of antigens and allergens of fruits of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Allergy 1999; 54:1270-7. [PMID: 10688430 DOI: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00116.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Date-palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits are eaten daily by most inhabitants of the Middle East and the neighboring countries. Recent reports have indicated that dates are allergenic. This study aimed to investigate the antigenic and allergenic potential of date fruits. METHODS Date-fruit extracts from eight cultivars were evaluated in skin prick tests (SPT) in an atopic population, used to produce antisera, analyzed by SDS-PAGE, and fractionated by gel-filtration chromatography. Sera from SPT-positive individuals were evaluated by ELISA and RAST, and in anti-igE immunoblot experiments. RESULTS About 13% of patients were SPT-positive for at least two extracts. SDS-PAGE of whole extracts revealed 15-18 protein bands of 6.5->100 kDa, and Sephacryl S-200 fractions gave distinct peptide bands. RAST and anti-IgE ELISA gave a range of positive results, which could be abrogated when sera were preabsorbed with fruit extracts. IgE immunoblots of different extracts with pooled positive sera revealed different anti-IgE-binding immunoprints. All the positive sera from fruit-allergic and pollen-allergic individuals bound strongly to two anti-IgE reactive bands of 6.5 to 12-14 kDa and 28-33 kDa, respectively, and about 50% of sera bound to a 54-58-kDa band. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly indicate that 1) date-palm fruit is a potent allergen 2) sera from fruit-allergic as well as pollen-allergic patients recognize common fruit-specific epitopes 3) there is heterogeneity in patient responses to the different extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Kwaasi
- Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Haq A, El-Ramahi K, Al-Dalaan A, Al-Sedairy ST. Serum and synovial fluid concentrations of endothelin-1 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Med 1999; 30:51-60. [PMID: 10515240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
To determine the endothelin-1 (ET-1) concentrations in synovial fluid and serum of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, this study was designed to examine if serum ET-1 concentration of control subjects has any correlation either with the ET-1 concentration of synovial fluid or ET-1 concentration of serum from RA patients. Twenty-eight patients were studied of whom eight males and twenty females with confirmed rheumatoid arthritis. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers were also included as controls. The immunoreactive concentration of ET-1 was measured using commercially available radioimmunoassay (RIA) kits (Peninsula Laboratories, Belmont CA) specific for ET-1. All the samples were performed in duplicate and after plotting % B/Bo for each standard directly on Y axis and endothelin concentrations on the X axis, the "best fit" curve was drawn and the amount of ET-1 was calculated. Mean ET-1 level in synovial fluid was 15.53 +/- 2.82 pg/me. In serum samples from RA patients, the mean ET-1 level was detected as 16.42 +/- 3.07 pg/ml (n = 28). Sera from twenty-eight healthy volunteers were analyzed as controls and mean ET-1 concentration was 8.68 +/- 1.96 pg/ml. A significant difference (P < 0.001) was found between ET-1 level of sera from RA patients and ET-1 levels from control sera. Highly significant difference (P < 0.001) was also detected between synovial fluid ET-1 and control ET-1 levels. However, no significant difference was found between ET-1 levels of synovial fluid and serum ET-1 levels of RA patients. Results of this study confirmed the presence of elevated levels of ET-1 concentration in synovial fluid and serum samples of patients with RA. The clinical significance and physiological role of endothelin in synovial fluids and sera of patients suffering from a variety of pathophysiological conditions of arthritis deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Haq
- Department of Biological & Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergenicity to Prosopis juliflora pollen antigen has been reported from only a few countries, including the US, South Africa, India and Kuwait. In some parts of Saudi Arabia, species of Prosopis have been introduced by the millions as roadside ornamentation. There appear to be four flowering seasons during which pollen grains float in all directions. However, the role of Prosopis pollen as the sensitizing and/or triggering agent of allergic asthma and/or rhinitis in the Kingdom has never been evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 473 allergic patients suffering from bronchial asthma in four different geographical regions (Abha, Qassim, Hofuf and Gizan), and attending allergy clinics and chest disease centers of university and Ministry of Health hospitals in the region were tested for immediate hypersensitivity reaction to Prosopis juliflora allergens. Airborne pollen grains at one center were also studied for one full year, using volumetric sampling techniques. RESULTS A total of 76.1% patients in Qassim, 37.5% in Gizan, 29% in Abha and 11% in Hofuf reacted positively to Prosopis antigen. Multiple sensitivities to other pollen antigens were detected in all patients. The level of airborne Prosopis pollen detected in Gizan exceeded 90 grains m -3 of air. CONCLUSION In view of the documented evidence of Prosopis-involved allergenicity, the role of Prosopis pollen as a sensitizing factor in Saudi Arabia has been confirmed. However, the cause of elicitation of symptoms in many multiple sensitive patients, together with the question of cross-reactivities, needs thorough and detailed investigation. In vitro confirmation of all positive results is also required to incriminate Prosopis as one of the major allergens in parts of Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Frayh
- College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, and Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Haq A, Lobo PI, Al-Tufail M, Rama NR, Al-Sedairy ST. Immunomodulatory effect of Nigella sativa proteins fractionated by ion exchange chromatography. Int J Immunopharmacol 1999; 21:283-95. [PMID: 10408636 DOI: 10.1016/s0192-0561(99)00010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Whole Nigella sativa (N. sativa) proteins were purified on a DEAE Sephadex A50 ion exchange column. Complete fractionation was achieved in four peaks. Analysis of the purified peaks was carried out by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Whole N. sativa showed a number of protein bands ranging from 94-10 kDa molecular mass. In mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), whole N. sativa and its purified proteins were found stimulatory as well as suppressive and this effect varied from one donor to another. Maximum stimulation (mean + S.E. of % relative index was 63.73 + 20.78) was observed with fractionated N. sativa proteins (P1) (10 microg/ml) in MLC. In MLC, also N. sativa peaks (P1 and P2) were stimulatory at all concentrations (10 microg/ml, 1 microg/ml or 0.1 microg/ml) used. However, a uniformly suppressive effect of N. sativa and its all four peaks at a concentration of 10 microg/ml was noticed when lymphocytes were activated with pokeweed mitogen (PWM). The effect of N. sativa proteins was further evaluated on the production of cytokines which were measured by using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Large quantities of IL-1beta were secreted by whole N. sativa in culture medium with non-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (450 pg/ml) and with allogeneic cells (410 pg/ml). Fractionated N. sativa was less effective when compared with whole N. sativa proteins. No effect on IL-4 secretion was seen either by using non-activated, PWM-activated or allogeneic-cells. Whole N. sativa suppressed as well as stimulated the production of IL-8 in non-activated and PWM-activated PBMC respectively. All N. sativa peaks with protein concentration of 2 microg/ml were stimulatory for the induction of IL-8 by PWM-activated cells. However, no effect on IL-8 was seen either with whole N. sativa or its peaks when allogeneic PBMC were used. Stimulatory effect of whole N. sativa and fractionated proteins was also noticed on the production of TNF-alpha either using non-activated or mitogen activated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Haq
- Department of Biological and Medical Research, Research Centre, MBC 03, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Shi Y, Parhar RS, Zou M, Hammami MM, Akhtar M, Lum ZP, Farid NR, Al-Sedairy ST, Paterson MC. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA is elevated in advanced stages of thyroid carcinoma. Br J Cancer 1999; 79:1234-9. [PMID: 10098765 PMCID: PMC2362222 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6690198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour cell invasion and metastasis is a multistep process that involves the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) act as negative regulators of MMPs and thus prevent tumour cell invasion and metastasis by preserving extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity. In the present study we examined the expression of one member of TIMPs, TIMP-1, in 39 thyroid tumour specimens and two thyroid carcinoma cell lines (NPA and SW579). We also investigated the effect of high TIMP-1 expression on the invasive potential of NPA cells. Northern blot analysis showed that TIMP-1 mRNA levels correlated directly with tumour aggressiveness: the highest number of TIMP-1 transcripts was found in stages III and IV vs benign goitre (P < 0.0001). However, TIMP-1 expression was not increased in NPA and SW579 cells, both of which are derived from poorly differentiated thyroid tumours. Immunohistochemical study showed strong TIMP-1 staining in the stroma cells of advanced stages of carcinomas. Overexpression of TIMP-1 by gene transfer resulted in a significant suppression of the malignant phenotype of NPA cells as judged by an in vitro tumour invasion assay. These results suggest that high levels of TIMP-1 transcripts in advanced stages of thyroid carcinoma likely come from stroma rather than thyroid cancer cells, and TIMP-1 may function as a thyroid tumour invasion/metastasis suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shi
- Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Humidan A, Edwards CK, Al-Sofi A, Dzimiri M, Al-Sedairy ST, Khabar KS. A carbocyclic nucleoside analogue is a TNF-alpha inhibitor with immunosuppressive action: role of prostaglandin E2 and protein kinase C and comparison with pentoxifylline. Cell Immunol 1998; 188:12-8. [PMID: 9743553 DOI: 10.1006/cimm.1998.1324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is associated with several acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. New therapies directed at inhibiting TNF-alpha will be important in treating pathological processes mediated by TNF-alpha. In this study, we studied and compared the effect of the carbocyclic nucleoside analogue (9-[(1R, 3R)-trans-cyclopentan-3-ol] adenine) with pentoxifylline on modulating TNF-alpha production. The carbocyclic nucleoside analogue inhibited TNF-alpha production in a dose-dependent manner (1 microM-1 mM) by stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cell lines of both monocyte (THP-1) and T-lymphocyte phenotypes (CEM x 174). The drug potently inhibited TNF production in cells stimulated by endotoxin, the superantigen (staphylococci enterotoxin A), the mitogen (phytohemagglutinin), and the protein kinase C activator (phorbol myristate acetate) with ED50 ranging from 5 to 30 microM. At moderate concentrations, the carbocyclic nucleoside analogue inhibited superantigen (ED50 = 300 microM) and alloantigen (mixed lymphocyte reaction) T cell proliferative responses (ED50 = 150 microM). The involvement of protein kinase C and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), mediators that regulate TNF-alpha production, was also investigated. Unlike PTX, the nucleoside analogue did not upregulate PGE2 production. The inhibition of TNF-alpha production appeared to be mediated at least partly by PKC, since the nucleoside analogue caused suppression of PKC activity in stimulated cells. The results show that the carbocyclic nucleoside analogue is a TNF-alpha inhibitor that may be appropriate in the therapy of TNF-alpha-associated complications. The suppressive properties of the carbocyclic nucleoside analogue on antigen and alloantigen (mixed lymphocyte reaction) responses may be appropriate in disease conditions in which inhibiting both TNF-alpha and T-cell reactivity is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Humidan
- Interferon and Cytokine Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
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Khabar KS, Al-Zoghaibi F, Al-Ahdal MN, Murayama T, Dhalla M, Mukaida N, Taha M, Al-Sedairy ST, Siddiqui Y, Kessie G, Matsushima K. The alpha chemokine, interleukin 8, inhibits the antiviral action of interferon alpha. J Exp Med 1997; 186:1077-85. [PMID: 9314556 PMCID: PMC2199072 DOI: 10.1084/jem.186.7.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) exhibits a potent antiviral activity in vitro and plays a major role in the early defense against viruses. Like IFN, the proinflammatory chemokine, interleukin (IL)-8, is induced by viruses and appears in circulation during viral infections. In an in vitro cytopathic effect assay for IFN, we found that IL-8 can inhibit IFN-alpha activity in a dose-dependent manner. This action was reversed by specific monoclonal antibodies to IL-8. The chemokine was able to attenuate the IFN-mediated inhibition of viral replication as determined by measuring infectious virus yield. IL-8 also diminished the ability of IFN to inhibit an early stage of viral replication since IL-8 attenuated the inhibition of the formation of viral proteins. It appeared that IL-8 interfered with a late rather than an early step of IFN-mediated pathway such as early gene expression. The IL-8 inhibitory action on IFN-alpha antiviral activity was associated with reduced 2',5'-A oligoadenylate synthetase activity, a pathway well correlative with the anti- encephalomyocarditis virus action of IFN-alpha. Understanding pathways that antagonize IFN action may lead to novel approaches to potentiate endogenous and therapeutic IFN.
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MESH Headings
- 2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase/metabolism
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antiviral Agents/antagonists & inhibitors
- Binding, Competitive
- Cell Line
- Cell Survival
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
- Humans
- Interferon-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-8/immunology
- Interleukin-8/pharmacology
- Picornaviridae/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Vero Cells
- Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/physiology
- Viral Proteins/biosynthesis
- Virus Replication
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Khabar
- Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 11211, USA.
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Al-Frayh AS, Hasnain SM, Gad-El-Rab MO, Schwartz B, Al-Mobairek K, Al-Sedairy ST. House dust mite allergens in Saudi Arabia: Regional variations and immune response. Ann Saudi Med 1997; 17:156-60. [PMID: 17377421 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.1997.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to assess the causative extrinsic allergic factor(s) in school-age children diagnosed as having bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis, and to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the presence of house dust mites (HDMs) in the homes of these children in Saudi Arabia, a study analyzing mite contents in 165 samples collected from patientsâ indoor environment was conducted. The dust samples were collected from four regions of Saudi Arabia, showing variation in their geography and climate. Immunochemical assays were performed using ALK reagents by ELISA technique. A total of 462 children were also tested using skin prick test (SPT) method for IgE-mediated reactions to HDMs. The samples from the Central dry region revealed a very low amount of the potent house dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae, the two dominant species in various parts of the world). The samples from the Southern mountainous region contained a very high concentration of Der p I (84,000 ng/g of dust), while the Western coastal region showed a high concentration of Der f I (up to 22,000 ng/g). The mid-Western agricultural region did not exhibit any significant level of either Der p I or Der f I. The maximum level of D. pteronyssinus detected in the Central dry region was 106 ng/g of dust. The data exhibit both qualitative and quantitative variations of HDMs in the three regions and may be attributed to variation in geography and climate, particularly humidity of the regions, which vary significantly. Riyadh in the Central region is considered to have low humidity (<40%), while humidity in the Western coastal region, Jeddah, and the Southern region of Abha is comparatively higher, which helps house dust mites thrive. SPT results in these regions with house dust mite allergens (in addition to other common inhalant allergens) also revealed a considerable number of IgE-mediated reactions, consistent with the frequency of house dust mites in the region. Though more data are being accumulated on the subject to conduct a statistical comparison and more skin tests are underway in the Southern region, the study suggests the presence of at least two HDMs as well as qualitative diversity and quantitative variation of house dust mites in Saudi Arabia. The study also indicates, with a considerable number of IgE-mediated reactions, the possible influence of mites in the allergic manifestations of many patients, which is not only common, but increasing in parts of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Al-Frayh
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, College of Medicine and KKUH, Riyadh, Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, and ALK Laboratories, Horsholm, Denmark
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Zou M, Shi Y, Al-Sedairy ST, Farid NR. Gene usage and regulation of Gsα gene expression in thyroid cells. Endocrine 1996; 4:277-82. [PMID: 21153284 DOI: 10.1007/bf02738694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/1996] [Revised: 03/20/1996] [Accepted: 04/02/1996] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The TSH receptor is a G-protein-coupled seven transmembrane segment receptor. The interaction between TSH and its receptor mediates signal transduction by activating adenylyl cyclase through Gsα. There are four forms of Gsα (two short [45 kDa] and two large [52 kDa]), arising from alternative splicing of exon 3 of the Gsα gene. Gsα-1 and -2 contain exon 3, whereas exon 3 is spliced out in Gsα-3 and -4. The inclusion of a serine residue at the 3' splice junction of exon 3 distinguishes Gsα-2 and -4 from Gsα-1 and -3. The expression of different Gsα forms appears to be tissue-specific. In this study, we have examined the Gsα splice variants in 26 human thyroid tumor specimens and rat thyroid tissues as well as a rat FRTL-5 cell line. Furthermore, we have studied the regulation of the Gsα gene expression by TSH and cAMP in FRTL-5 cells. We found that Gsα-1 and -4 mRNA were present in both human and rat thyroid cells, although Gsα-4 was more abundant in human thyroid cells as compared to rat thyroid and FRTL-5 cells. The Gsα mRNA can be easily amplified by RT-PCR regardless of tumor type and stage, suggesting that Gsα gene expression in thyroid tumors may not be markedly affected by dedifferentiation of thyroid cells.Both TSH and 8-bromo-cAMP, a cAMP analog, can stimulate the Gsα gene expression in FRTL-5 cells with maximal effect by 6 h and 1 h, respectively. The addition of cycloheximide to the culture of FRTL-5 cells abolished the effect of bTSH, but not that of 8-bromo-cAMP, on the expression of the Gsα gene. Cellular cAMP measurements showed that bTSH-stimulated cAMP production was significantly reduced to the basal level after addition of cycloheximide. These results suggest that regulation of the Gsα gene expression by TSH is mediated by a cAMP-dependent process and requires new protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zou
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Medical Research, MBC 03, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, PO Box 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Carver-Ward JA, Hollanders JM, Jaroudi KA, Einspenner M, Al-Sedairy ST, Sheth KV. Progesterone does not potentiate the acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa: flow cytometric analysis using CD46 antibody. Hum Reprod 1996; 11:121-6. [PMID: 8671173 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was designed in order to investigate the action of progesterone on the spontaneous and ionophore-induced human spermatozoa acrosome reaction in vitro. The principle of the assay system is flow cytometric analysis of CD46 antibody binding to the inner acrosomal membrane. The technique is a simple and objective method of analysis, allowing fluorescent analysis of a large segment (5000 spermatozoa) of the spermatozoa population under investigation, with concomitant isolation of the live fraction of the spermatozoa population. Four concentrations of progesterone (1, 25, 50, and 100 microg/ml) were examined for their effects on spermatozoa capacitated for 4 and 24 h. In addition, motility parameters were examined by the CellSoft 2000 automated semen analyser system. Analysis of variance revealed that progesterone had no effect on either the spontaneous acrosome reaction or the ionophore-induced acrosome reaction at both 4 h and 24 h of spermatozoa capacitation times. Further, no effects on sperm motility parameters or on spermatozoa viability could be attributed to progesterone. We therefore conclude that progesterone has no objectively measurable effects on either the sperm acrosome reaction or sperm motility parameters, as measured in normal sperm populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Carver-Ward
- IVF Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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Shi Y, Zou M, Ahring P, Al-Sedairy ST, Farid NR. Thyrotropin internalization is directed by a highly conserved motif in the seventh transmembrane region of its receptor. Endocrine 1995; 3:409-14. [PMID: 21153243 DOI: 10.1007/bf02935645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/1994] [Accepted: 02/15/1995] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The thyrotropin (TSH) receptor is a member of G protein-coupled seven-transmembrane-segment receptors. It is characterized by a large extracellular domain linked to the seven transmembrane segments and ending with a cytoplasmic tail. Sequence alignment shows that a highly conserved motif, NPXXY where X is any amino acid, exists at the boundary between the seventh transmembrane domain and proximal part of the cytoplasmic tail of virtually all G protein-coupled receptors. This motif has been implicated as an internalization signal for several cell surface receptors, such as the low density lipoprotein (LDL), insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors. The potential effects of this motif on the TSH receptor signal transduction and receptor-mediated TSH internalization was analysed by replacement of the tyrosine(678) residue with an alanine residue. This mutation does not impair high affinity TSH binding, but completely abolishes the ability of cAMP response upon TSH stimulation. It also significantly reduces TSH internalization. The role of the cytoplasmic tail of the TSH receptor in receptor-mediated internalization was also assessed. Deletion of up to 56 amino acids from the C-terminus of the cytoplasmic tail enhances TSH internalization as compared to the wild-type receptor. We conclude that tyrosine(678) in the NPXXY motif is required for efficient receptor-mediated TSH internalization and G protein coupling. The cytoplasmic tail of the TSH receptor may contain sequence domains which could modulate the effects of the NPXXY internalization signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shi
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Airborne mold monitoring in three cities in Saudi Arabia has documented the presence of Cladosporium in high concentrations. The spore counts reached threshold levels for sensitization at Jeddah and Al-Khobar with prominent seasonal variations. The concentration in Riyadh (central region) showed levels with minor fluctuationgs and a minor peak towards the month of Novermber. Indoor monitoring also revealed the presence of Cladosporium. Ten species of Cladosporium were idenified with C. sphaerospermum, C. herbarum, C. cladosporoides and C. macrocarpum being most prevalent. The species are relevant in relation to extracts for diagnosis. Skin testing of asthmatic children in Riyadh and Makkah revealed reactivities to Cladosporium extract of 5.8% and 31.3%, respectively. This indicates that Cladosporium may be an important allergen in the region that necessitates further biochemical and immunochemical studies to confirm the allergic impact of the species of Cladosporium prevalent in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Hasnain
- Departments of Biological and Medical Research, Pediatrics/Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, and Pediatrics and Immunology Division, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Dalaan A, Bahabri S, Al-Balla SR, Al-Sheikh AA, Al-Humidan E, Al-Sedairy ST. Abnormalities of T cell subsets in Behcet disease. Ann Saudi Med 1993; 13:275-9. [PMID: 17590677 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.1993.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells and T cell subsets were studied in the peripheral blood of 18 patients with Behcet disease (8 active and 10 inactive) and 20 healthy controls. When the active disease group was compared with the inactive disease group and the control group, there was a significant increase (85.7% versus 71.3% and 69%) in the mean percentage of T cells for the active disease group. The mean percentage of CD4 cells for the active disease group (36%) was also significantly decreased from the mean value of the inactive disease group (36%) was also significantly decreased from the mean value of the inactive disease group (41%) and the controls (40%). There was a concomintant significant increase of CD8 cells of the group with active disease (43%) over the mean value for the group of inactive disease (32%) and controls (33%). These results indicated that there were alterations of T cells and T cell subsets in Behcet disease. In contrast to other studies, we found that the T cell number increased with disease activity in our patients; but the significance of single measurement of T cell number increased with disease activity in our patients; but the significance of single measurement of T cell subsets in a course of chronic disease must be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Dalaan
- Department of Rheumatology, Scientist, Mr Al-Humidan Technician, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre and King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Sedairy ST, Al-Dalaan AN, Haq A, Lee JC, Al-Hussein KA, Sheth KV. Analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in normal Saudi males by flow cytometry. Ann Saudi Med 1992; 12:540-3. [PMID: 17587044 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.1992.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte immunophenotyping using flow cytometer has become an important tool for clinical patient management as well as for research and epidemiological studies. We examined the distribution of CD3 (all T cells), CD4 (T helper/inducer cells), CD8 (T suppressor/totoxic cells), CD16 (natural killer cells) and CD19 (B cells) in 150 healthy Saudi male blood donors using flows cytometry. The two-color labeled cells were analyzed by using the flow cytometer (FACScan, Becton-Dickinson, San Jose, California, USA) and the dual fluorescent subsets were discriminated by Simultest software. The distribution of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells were similar to those reported in other populations as well as in normal Caucasian expatriate donors (all males) (n = 40) who were included in this study as controls. However, a significantly decreased CD4/CD8 ratio was observed in most Saudi blood donors. These lower ratios were due to decreased CD4 together with an increase in CD8 cells. Significant (P<0.00001) difference in CD4/CD8 ratio in our study may be due to environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation and stress (heat) as well as some genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Al-Sedairy
- Department of Biological and Medical Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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