1
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Schwartz L, Salamon K, Simoni A, Eichler T, Jackson AR, Murtha M, Becknell B, Kauffman A, Linn-Peirano S, Holdsworth N, Tyagi V, Tang H, Rust S, Cortado H, Zabbarova I, Kanai A, Spencer JD. Insulin receptor signaling engages bladder urothelial defenses that limit urinary tract infection. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114007. [PMID: 38517889 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) commonly afflict people with diabetes. To better understand the mechanisms that predispose diabetics to UTIs, we employ diabetic mouse models and altered insulin signaling to show that insulin receptor (IR) shapes UTI defenses. Our findings are validated in human biosamples. We report that diabetic mice have suppressed IR expression and are more susceptible to UTIs caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Systemic IR inhibition increases UPEC susceptibility, while IR activation reduces UTIs. Localized IR deletion in bladder urothelium promotes UTI by increasing barrier permeability and suppressing antimicrobial peptides. Mechanistically, IR deletion reduces nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-dependent programming that co-regulates urothelial tight junction integrity and antimicrobial peptides. Exfoliated urothelial cells or urine samples from diabetic youths show suppressed expression of IR, barrier genes, and antimicrobial peptides. These observations demonstrate that urothelial insulin signaling has a role in UTI prevention and link IR to urothelial barrier maintenance and antimicrobial peptide expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schwartz
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Kristin Salamon
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Aaron Simoni
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Tad Eichler
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Ashley R Jackson
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Matthew Murtha
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Brian Becknell
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Andrew Kauffman
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Sarah Linn-Peirano
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Natalie Holdsworth
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Vidhi Tyagi
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Hancong Tang
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Steve Rust
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Hanna Cortado
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Irina Zabbarova
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Anthony Kanai
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - John David Spencer
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
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2
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Strieder-Barboza, Flesher CG, Geletka LM, Eichler T, Akinleye O, Ky A, Ehlers AP, Lumeng CN, O’Rourke RW. Lumican modulates adipocyte function in obesity-associated type 2 diabetes. Adipocyte 2022; 11:665-675. [PMID: 36457256 PMCID: PMC9728465 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2154112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated type 2 diabetes (DM) leads to adipose tissue dysfunction. Lumican is a proteoglycan implicated in obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and adipocyte dysfunction. Using human visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from subjects with and without DM, we studied lumican effects on adipocyte function. Lumican was increased in VAT and adipocytes in DM. Lumican knockdown in adipocytes decreased lipolysis and improved adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in VAT adipocytes in DM, while treatment with human recombinant lumican increased lipolysis and impaired insulin-sensitivity in an ERK-dependent manner. We demonstrate that lumican impairs adipocyte metabolism, partially via ERK signalling, and is a potential target for developing adipose tissue-targeted therapeutics in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Strieder-Barboza
- Department of Surgery , University of Michigan Medical School, MI, USA,Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock , TX, USA,School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Carmen G. Flesher
- Department of Surgery , University of Michigan Medical School, MI, USA
| | - Lynn M. Geletka
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tad Eichler
- Department of Surgery , University of Michigan Medical School, MI, USA
| | - Olukemi Akinleye
- Department of Surgery , University of Michigan Medical School, MI, USA
| | - Alexander Ky
- Department of Surgery , University of Michigan Medical School, MI, USA
| | - Anne P. Ehlers
- Department of Surgery , University of Michigan Medical School, MI, USA,Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carey N. Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI ,USA,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert W. O’Rourke
- Department of Surgery , University of Michigan Medical School, MI, USA,Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,CONTACT Robert W. O’Rourke Department of Surgery, Section of General Surgery, University of Michigan, 2210 Taubman Center-5343, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI48109-5343
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3
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Pierce KR, Eichler T, Mosquera Vasquez C, Schwaderer AL, Simoni A, Creacy S, Hains DS, Spencer JD. Ribonuclease 7 polymorphism rs1263872 reduces antimicrobial activity and associates with pediatric urinary tract infections. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:149807. [PMID: 34779412 DOI: 10.1172/jci149807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribonuclease 7 (RNase 7) is an antimicrobial peptide that prevents urinary tract infections (UTI); however, it is yet unknown how RNASE7 genetic variations affect its antimicrobial activity and its mitigation of UTI risk. This study determined whether the RNASE7 SNP rs1263872 is more prevalent in children with UTI and defined how rs1263872 affects RNase 7's antimicrobial activity against uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). We performed genotyping for rs1263872 in 2 national UTI cohorts, including children enrolled in the Randomized Intervention for Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux trial or the Careful Urinary Tract Infection Evaluation study. Genotypes from these cohorts were compared with those of female controls with no UTI. To assess whether rs1263872 affects RNase 7's antimicrobial activity, we generated RNase 7 peptides and genetically modified urothelial cultures encoding wild-type RNase 7 and its variant. Compared with controls, girls in both UTI cohorts had an increased prevalence of the RNASE7 variant. Compared with the missense variant, wild-type RNase 7 peptide showed greater bactericidal activity against UPEC. Wild-type RNase 7 overexpression in human urothelial cultures reduced UPEC invasive infection compared with mutant overexpression. These results show that children with UTI have an increased prevalence of RNASE7 rs1263872, which may increase UTI susceptibility by suppressing RNase 7's antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith R Pierce
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tad Eichler
- Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Claudia Mosquera Vasquez
- Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew L Schwaderer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, and.,Kidney and Urology Translational Research Group, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Aaron Simoni
- Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - David S Hains
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, and.,Kidney and Urology Translational Research Group, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - John D Spencer
- Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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4
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Bender K, Schwartz LL, Cohen A, Vasquez CM, Murtha MJ, Eichler T, Thomas JP, Jackson A, Spencer JD. Expression and function of human ribonuclease 4 in the kidney and urinary tract. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F972-F983. [PMID: 33818125 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00592.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are essential host defense mechanisms that prevent urinary tract infections. Recent studies have demonstrated that peptides in the ribonuclease A superfamily have antimicrobial activity against uropathogens and protect the urinary tract from uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Little is known about the antibacterial function or expression of ribonuclease 4 (RNase 4) in the human urinary tract. Here, we show that full-length recombinant RNase 4 peptide and synthetic amino-terminal RNase 4 peptide fragment have antibacterial activity against UPEC and multidrug-resistant (MDR)-UPEC. RNASE4 transcript expression was detected in human kidney and bladder tissue using quantitative real-time PCR. Immunostaining or in situ hybridization localized RNase 4 expression to proximal tubules, principal and intercalated cells in the kidney's collecting duct, and the bladder urothelium. Urinary RNase 4 concentrations were quantified in healthy controls and females with a history of urinary tract infection. Compared with controls, urinary RNase 4 concentrations were significantly lower in females with a history of urinary tract infection. When RNase 4 was neutralized in human urine or silenced in vitro using siRNA, urinary UPEC replication or attachment to and invasion of urothelial and kidney medullary cells increased. These data show that RNase 4 has antibacterial activity against UPEC, is expressed in the human urinary tract, and can contribute to host defense against urinary tract infections.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ribonuclease 4 (RNase 4) is a newly identified host defense peptide in the human kidney and bladder. RNase 4 kills uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and multidrug-resistant UPEC. RNase 4 prevents invasive UPEC infection and suppressed RNase 4 expression may be a risk factor for more severe or recurrent urinary tract infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Bender
- Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Laura L Schwartz
- Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ariel Cohen
- Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Claudia Mosquera Vasquez
- Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Matthew J Murtha
- Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tad Eichler
- Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jason P Thomas
- Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ashley Jackson
- Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbus, Ohio.,The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John David Spencer
- Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbus, Ohio.,The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
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5
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Eichler T, Bender K, Murtha MJ, Schwartz L, Metheny J, Solden L, Jaggers RM, Bailey MT, Gupta S, Mosquera C, Ching C, La Perle K, Li B, Becknell B, Spencer JD. Ribonuclease 7 Shields the Kidney and Bladder from Invasive Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:1385-1397. [PMID: 31239387 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018090929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that antimicrobial peptides, components of the innate immune response, protect the kidneys and bladder from bacterial challenge. We previously identified ribonuclease 7 (RNase 7) as a human antimicrobial peptide that has bactericidal activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Functional studies assessing RNase 7's contributions to urinary tract defense are limited. METHODS To investigate RNase 7's role in preventing urinary tract infection (UTI), we quantified urinary RNase 7 concentrations in 29 girls and adolescents with a UTI history and 29 healthy female human controls. To assess RNase 7's antimicrobial activity in vitro in human urothelial cells, we used siRNA to silence urothelial RNase 7 production and retroviral constructs to stably overexpress RNase 7; we then evaluated UPEC's ability to bind and invade these cells. For RNase 7 in vivo studies, we developed humanized RNase 7 transgenic mice, subjected them to experimental UTI, and enumerated UPEC burden in the urine, bladder, and kidneys. RESULTS Compared with controls, study participants with a UTI history had 1.5-fold lower urinary RNase 7 concentrations. When RNase 7 was silenced in vitro, the percentage of UPEC binding or invading human urothelial cells increased; when cells overexpressed RNase 7, UPEC attachment and invasion decreased. In the transgenic mice, we detected RNase 7 expression in the kidney's intercalated cells and bladder urothelium. RNase 7 humanized mice exhibited marked protection from UPEC. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence that RNase 7 has a role in kidney and bladder host defense against UPEC and establish a foundation for investigating RNase 7 as a UTI prognostic marker or nonantibiotic-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tad Eichler
- Centers for Clinical and Translational Research and.,Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group
| | - Kristin Bender
- Centers for Clinical and Translational Research and.,Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group
| | - Matthew J Murtha
- Centers for Clinical and Translational Research and.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Laura Schwartz
- Centers for Clinical and Translational Research and.,Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group
| | | | - Lindsey Solden
- Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Robert M Jaggers
- Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael T Bailey
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; and.,Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sudipti Gupta
- Centers for Clinical and Translational Research and.,Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group
| | | | - Christina Ching
- Centers for Clinical and Translational Research and.,Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; and.,Divisions of Urology and.,Departments of Pediatric Surgery and
| | - Krista La Perle
- Comparative Pathology and Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Birong Li
- Centers for Clinical and Translational Research and
| | - Brian Becknell
- Centers for Clinical and Translational Research and.,Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; and.,Nephrology, and.,Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John David Spencer
- Centers for Clinical and Translational Research and .,Nephrology and Urology Research Affinity Group.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; and.,Nephrology, and.,Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio
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6
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Murtha MJ, Eichler T, Bender K, Metheny J, Li B, Schwaderer AL, Mosquera C, James C, Schwartz L, Becknell B, Spencer JD. Insulin receptor signaling regulates renal collecting duct and intercalated cell antibacterial defenses. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:5634-5646. [PMID: 30418175 DOI: 10.1172/jci98595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
People with diabetes mellitus have increased infection risk. With diabetes, urinary tract infection (UTI) is more common and has worse outcomes. Here, we investigate how diabetes and insulin resistance impact the kidney's innate defenses and urine sterility. We report that type 2 diabetic mice have increased UTI risk. Moreover, insulin-resistant prediabetic mice have increased UTI susceptibility, independent of hyperglycemia or glucosuria. To identify how insulin resistance affects renal antimicrobial defenses, we genetically deleted the insulin receptor in the kidney's collecting tubules and intercalated cells. Intercalated cells, located within collecting tubules, contribute to epithelial defenses by acidifying the urine and secreting antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) into the urinary stream. Collecting duct and intercalated cell-specific insulin receptor deletion did not impact urine acidification, suppressed downstream insulin-mediated targets and AMP expression, and increased UTI susceptibility. Specifically, insulin receptor-mediated signaling regulates AMPs, including lipocalin 2 and ribonuclease 4, via phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling. These data suggest that insulin signaling plays a critical role in renal antibacterial defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Murtha
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Tad Eichler
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kristin Bender
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jackie Metheny
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Birong Li
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew L Schwaderer
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Claudia Mosquera
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Cindy James
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura Schwartz
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brian Becknell
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John David Spencer
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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7
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Zwingmann I, Hoffmann W, Michalowsky B, Dreier-Wolfgramm A, Hertel J, Wucherer D, Eichler T, Kilimann I, Thiel F, Teipel S, Thyrian JR. Supporting family dementia caregivers: testing the efficacy of dementia care management on multifaceted caregivers' burden. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:889-896. [PMID: 29156941 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1399341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Current research suggests that dementia care management (DCM) can decrease burden and associated health impairments of caregivers. The objective of this secondary analysis is to investigate the impact of DCM on multifaceted caregivers' burden dimensions by differentiating between objective and subjective burden. METHODS A sample of n = 317 dyads of caregivers and community-dwelling people with dementia (PwD) participated in a general practitioner-based, cluster-randomized intervention trial (Identifier:NCT01401582) with two arms and comprehensive data assessment at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Data provided by the caregiver included an inventory with 88 items in 20 different dimensions. RESULTS Caregivers in the intervention 'DCM' group showed decreased caregiver burden, especially in caregivers' objective burden due to caring (i.e. emotional support), caregivers' subjective burden due to behavior change (i.e. cognition, aggression and resistance, depression, late symptoms) and caregivers' subjective burden due to perceived conflicts between needs and responsibilities to care (i.e. financial losses) compared to caregivers in the control 'care as usual' group, which showed significant increased caregiver burden after 12 months. CONCLUSION Our findings support evidence for the effectiveness of DCM to lower family dementia caregivers' burden in multifaceted dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Zwingmann
- a German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Site Rostock/Greifswald , Germany
| | - W Hoffmann
- a German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Site Rostock/Greifswald , Germany.,b Department Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute For Community Medicine , University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
| | - B Michalowsky
- a German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Site Rostock/Greifswald , Germany
| | - A Dreier-Wolfgramm
- b Department Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute For Community Medicine , University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
| | - J Hertel
- a German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Site Rostock/Greifswald , Germany.,c Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
| | - D Wucherer
- a German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Site Rostock/Greifswald , Germany
| | - T Eichler
- a German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Site Rostock/Greifswald , Germany
| | - I Kilimann
- a German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Site Rostock/Greifswald , Germany.,d Department of Psychosomatic Medicine , University Medicine Rostock , Rostock , Germany
| | - F Thiel
- d Department of Psychosomatic Medicine , University Medicine Rostock , Rostock , Germany
| | - S Teipel
- a German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Site Rostock/Greifswald , Germany.,d Department of Psychosomatic Medicine , University Medicine Rostock , Rostock , Germany
| | - J R Thyrian
- a German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Site Rostock/Greifswald , Germany
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8
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Zwingmann I, Hoffmann W, Michalowsky B, Wucherer D, Eichler T, Teipel S, Dreier-Wolfgramm A, Kilimann I, Thyrian JR. [Unmet needs of family dementia caregivers of persons with dementia : Primary medical care]. Nervenarzt 2018; 89:495-499. [PMID: 29619534 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-018-0509-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results of current research studies revealed that providing informal care for people with dementia (PwD) is associated with caregivers' burden and a variety of health impairments. In order to provide optimal support for family caregivers of PwD, general practitioners and specialists should be able to identify caregivers' unmet needs in primary care. OBJECTIVES The present article provides an overview of unmet needs of family caregivers that are relevant for general practitioners as well as specialists in neurology, psychiatry, psychotherapy and psychosomatics. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present overview is based on current reviews on unmet needs of caregivers of PwD and on results of the general practitioner-based, cluster-randomized controlled intervention trial DelpHi-MV (Life- and person-centred help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany; Identifier: NCT01401582). RESULTS The article provides an overview of unmet needs of family caregivers for PwD, especially in the domains of social integration, psychological and physical health, legal and financial issues, as well as available and valid measurements. DISCUSSION The article illustrates the importance and the possibilities for general practitioners and specialists to identify caregivers' unmet needs. The question to what extent unmet needs' assessments for family caregivers of PwD could be implemented and financed in routine care is still under debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Zwingmann
- Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17487, Greifswald, Deutschland.
| | - W Hoffmann
- Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17487, Greifswald, Deutschland
- Institut für Community Medicine, Abteilung Versorgungsepidemiologie und Community Health, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - B Michalowsky
- Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17487, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - D Wucherer
- Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17487, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - T Eichler
- Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17487, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - S Teipel
- Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17487, Greifswald, Deutschland
- Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapeutische Medizin, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Rostock, Deutschland
| | - A Dreier-Wolfgramm
- Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17487, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - I Kilimann
- Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17487, Greifswald, Deutschland
- Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapeutische Medizin, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Rostock, Deutschland
| | - J R Thyrian
- Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17487, Greifswald, Deutschland
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9
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Spencer JD, Schwaderer AL, Wang H, Bartz J, Kline J, Eichler T, DeSouza KR, Sims-Lucas S, Baker P, Hains DS. Ribonuclease 7, an antimicrobial peptide upregulated during infection, contributes to microbial defense of the human urinary tract. Kidney Int 2013; 83:615-25. [PMID: 23302724 PMCID: PMC3612368 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms that maintain sterility in the urinary tract are incompletely understood; however, recent studies stress the importance of antimicrobial peptides in protecting the urinary tract from infection. Ribonuclease 7 (RNase 7), a potent antimicrobial peptide contributing to urinary tract sterility, is expressed by intercalated cells in the renal collecting tubules and is present in the urine at levels sufficient to kill bacteria at baseline. Here, we characterize the expression and function of RNase 7 in the human urinary tract during infection. Both quantitative real-time PCR and ELISA assays demonstrated increases in RNASE7 expression in the kidney along with kidney and urinary RNase 7 peptide concentrations with infection. While immunostaining localized RNase 7 production to the intercalated cells of the collecting tubule during sterility, its expression during pyelonephritis was found to increase throughout the nephron but not in glomeruli or the interstitium. Recombinant RNase 7 exhibited antimicrobial activity against uropathogens at low micromolar concentrations by disrupting the microbial membrane as determined by atomic force microscopy. Thus, RNase 7 expression is increased in the urinary tract with infection, and has antibacterial activity against uropathogens at micromolar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- John David Spencer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
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10
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Chittiprol S, Chen P, Petrovic-Djergovic D, Eichler T, Ransom RF. Marker expression, behaviors, and responses vary in different lines of conditionally immortalized cultured podocytes. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2011; 301:F660-71. [PMID: 21632959 PMCID: PMC3174553 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00234.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The state-of-the-art cultured podocyte is conditionally immortalized by expression of a temperature-sensitive mutant of the SV40 large-T antigen. These cultures proliferate at 33°C and differentiate at 37°C into arborized cells that more closely resemble in vivo podocytes. However, the degree of resemblance remains controversial. In this study, several parameters were measured in podocyte cell lines derived from mouse (JR, KE), human (MS), and rat (HK). In all lines, the quantities of NEPH1 and podocin proteins and NEPH1 and SYNPO mRNAs were comparable to glomeruli, while synaptopodin and nephrin proteins and NPHS1 and NPHS2 mRNAs were <5% of glomerular levels. Expression of Wilms' tumor-1 (WT1) mRNA in mouse lines was comparable to glomeruli, but rat and human lines expressed little WT1. Undifferentiated human and mouse lines had similar proliferation rates that decreased after differentiation, while the rate in rat cells remained constant. The motility of different lines varied as measured by both general motility and wound-healing assays. The toxicity of puromycin aminonucleoside was MS ∼ JR >> KE, and of doxorubicin was JR ∼ KE > MS, while HK cells were almost unaffected. Process formation was largely a result of contractile action after formation of lamellipodia. These findings demonstrate dramatic differences in marker expression, response to toxins, and motility between lines of podocytes from different species and even between similarly-derived mouse lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seetharamaiah Chittiprol
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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11
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Pieper L, Schulz H, Klotsche J, Eichler T, Wittchen HU. Depression als komorbide Störung in der primärärztlichen Versorgung. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2008; 51:411-21. [PMID: 18385962 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-008-0509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mönch K, Eichler T, Krämer U, Schneider H, Paul T. Ein Hämangiom als seltene Ursache eines neonatalen intrakardialen Tumors mit Obstruktion des Einstroms über die Trikuspidalklappe. Ein Fallbericht. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1078957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pieper L, Eichler T, Klotsche J, Depta A, Pittrow D, Huppertz E, Stridde E, Wittchen HU. Prospektive Betrachtung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Typ-2-Diabetes und Depression: Ergebnisse der DETECT Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Pieper L, Pittrow D, Klotsche J, Eichler T, Huppertz E, Stridde E, Wittchen HU. Das metabolische Syndrom als Prädiktor für Typ-2-Diabetes und Koronarer Herzerkrankung: Ergebnisse der DETECT Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pieper L, Huppertz E, Klotsche J, Eichler T, Pittrow D, Stridde E, Wittchen HU. Auswirkungen einer DMP-Registrierung auf den 12-Monats-Krankheitsverlauf bei Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes: Ergebnisse der DETECT Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pieper L, Klotsche J, Eichler T, Pittrow D, Böhler S, Stridde E, Huppertz E, Lehnert H, Wittchen HU. Depression und Typ 2 Diabetes – Prävalenz und Patientencharakteristik: Ergebnisse der DETECT Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-982253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Stridde E, Pieper L, Huppertz E, Klotsche J, Eichler T, Lehnert H, Wittchen HU. Prävalenz des metabolischen Syndroms in der primärärztlichen Versorgung: Ergebnisse der DETECT Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-982415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pieper L, Klotsche J, Eichler T, Pittrow D, Böhler S, Stridde E, Huppertz E, Lehnert H, Wittchen HU. Gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität und Nutzwerte bei Typ 2 Diabetikern in der primärärztlichen Versorgung: Ergebnisse der DETECT Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-982275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Huppertz E, Pieper L, Klotsche J, Eichler T, Pittrow D, Böhler S, Stridde E, Lehnert H, Wittchen HU. Blutzucker (HbA1c) und andere Risikofaktoren bei Typ 2 Diabetikern in der primärärztlichen Versorgung: Ergebnisse der DETECT Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-982271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pittrow D, Pieper L, Klotsche J, Eichler T, Huppertz E, Stridde E, Lehnert H, Wittchen HU. Mikro- und makrovaskuläre Folgeerkrankungen bei Typ 2 Diabetikern in der primärärztlichen Versorgung: Ergebnisse der DETECT Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-982100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Eichler T, Ma Q, Kelly C, Mishra J, Parikh S, Ransom RF, Devarajan P, Smoyer WE. Single and Combination Toxic Metal Exposures Induce Apoptosis in Cultured Murine Podocytes Exclusively via the Extrinsic Caspase 8 Pathway. Toxicol Sci 2006; 90:392-9. [PMID: 16421179 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenite, cadmium, and mercury are among the most abundant toxic metals (TM) in the environment. Although the most common renal manifestation of TM toxicity is proximal tubular dysfunction, significant glomerular injury can also occur. We hypothesized that glomerular injury following TM exposure results from TM-induced apoptosis of podocytes. To test this hypothesis we examined the extent of apoptosis and the apoptotic pathways induced in cultured murine podocytes incubated for three days with arsenite, cadmium, or mercury, and with equimolar combinations of all three metals. Apoptosis was detected by DNA laddering, and the number of apoptotic nuclei determined by Tunel assay. Treatment for three days with each TM resulted in DNA laddering and induced a dose-dependent increase in apoptotic nuclei. In contrast, treatment with equimolar combinations of TM induced significantly fewer apoptotic nuclei than individual TM treatments. Apoptosis induced by each TM was associated with a significant (approximately 400%) increase in caspase 8 activity, but no change in caspase 9 activity, and Western analyses revealed a marked up-regulation of Fas (approximately 500%) and FADD (approximately 300%) with no change in expression of Bax, Bcl-2, or Bcl-xL. Similar to the apoptotic response, combinations of TM induced less caspase 8 activity and Fas/FADD expression than individual TM treatments. Collectively, these results demonstrate that (1) TM induced apoptosis in cultured murine podocytes via the extrinsic Fas-FADD caspase 8 pathway, rather than the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and (2) combination TM exposure induced less apoptosis than individual TM, indicating an antagonistic rather than an additive or synergistic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tad Eichler
- Pediatric Nephrology Division, C. S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Eichler T, Müller-Siebert R, Nettels D, Kanorsky S, Weis A. Optical detection of nonradiating alkali atoms in solid helium. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:123002. [PMID: 11909454 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.123002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2000] [Revised: 11/30/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have detected by optical means nonfluorescing 85Rb and 87Rb atoms implanted in a body centered cubic 4He crystal. In contrast to cesium the resonance fluorescence of rubidium is strongly quenched by the helium matrix, and the weak resonance absorption of the two Rb isotopes was detected using a double resonance technique. From a comparative study of the (optically detected) magnetic resonance spectra of 85Rb, 87Rb, and 133Cs we infer their effective g(F) factors and conclude that they are not perturbed by the He matrix at a level of 2 x 10(-4). We show further that optical pumping of Rb proceeds via depopulation, whereas for Cs it proceeds via repopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Eichler
- Département de Physique, Université de Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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Höffges J, Baldauf H, Eichler T, Helmfrid S, Walther H. Resonance Fluorescence of A Single Ion. Advances in Quantum Chemistry 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3276(08)60503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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