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Hernandez-Ruiz V, Letenneur L, Fülöp T, Helmer C, Roubaud-Baudron C, Avila-Funes JA, Amieva H. Infectious diseases and cognition: do we have to worry? Neurol Sci 2022; 43:6215-6224. [PMID: 35867217 PMCID: PMC9305033 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virgilio Hernandez-Ruiz
- UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Luc Letenneur
- UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tamas Fülöp
- Research Center On Aging, Geriatric Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Helmer
- UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claire Roubaud-Baudron
- CHU Bordeaux, Pôle de Gérontologie Clinique, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR U1312 - BRIC, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - José-Alberto Avila-Funes
- UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hélène Amieva
- UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000, Bordeaux, France
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Lu Y, Fülöp T, Gwee X, Lee TS, Lim WS, Chong MS, Yap PLK, Yap KB, Pan F, Ng TP. Cardiometabolic and Vascular Disease Factors and Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Gerontology 2022; 68:1061-1069. [PMID: 35081540 DOI: 10.1159/000521547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is empirical evidence that cardiovascular risk factors and vascular pathology contribute to cognitive impairment and dementia. METHODS We profiled cardiometabolic and vascular disease (CMVD) and CMVD burden in community-living older adults in the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study cohort and examined the association of CMVD risk markers with the prevalence and incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia from a median 3.8 years of follow-up. RESULTS Prevalent MCI and dementia, compared with normal cognition, was associated with higher proportions of persons with any CMVD, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, or stroke. Diabetes, stroke, and the number of CMVD risk markers remained significantly associated with dementia or MCI after adjusting for age, sex, formal education level, APOE-ε4 genotype, and level of physical, social, or productive activities, with odds ratios ranging from 1.3 to 5.7. Among cognitively normal participants who were followed up, any CMVD risk factor, dyslipidemia, diabetes, or heart failure at baseline predicted incident MCI or its progression to dementia after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSION Older adults with higher burden of CMVD, driven especially by diabetes, are likely to increase the risk of prevalent and incident MCI and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Lu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tamas Fülöp
- Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Xinyi Gwee
- Gerontology Research Programme, Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tih Shih Lee
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Shiong Lim
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Philip Lin Kiat Yap
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keng Bee Yap
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ng Teng Fong Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fang Pan
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tze-Pin Ng
- Gerontology Research Programme, Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Ghachem A, Dufour F, Fülöp T, Gaudreau P, Cohen AA. Effects of Sex and Physical Activity Level on Serum Biomarker-Based Physiological Dysregulation: The Impact to Predict Frailty and Mortality in the Quebec NuAge Cohort. Gerontology 2021; 67:660-673. [PMID: 33780949 DOI: 10.1159/000514169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related changes in biological processes such as physiological dysregulation (the progressive loss of homeostatic capacity) vary considerably among older adults and may influence health profiles in late life. These differences could be related, at least in part, to the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as sex and physical activity level (PAL). OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the magnitude and rate of changes in physiologi-cal dysregulation in men and women according to PAL and (2) to determine whether/how sex and PAL mediate the apparent influence of physiological dysregulation on health outcomes (frailty and mortality). METHODS We used data on 1,754 community-dwelling older adults (age = 74.4 ± 4.2 years; women = 52.4%) of the Quebec NuAge cohort study. Physiological dysregulation was calculated based on Mahalanobis distance of 31 biomarkers regrouped into 5 systems: oxygen transport, liver/kidney function, leukopoiesis, micronutrients, and lipids. RESULTS As expected, mean physiological dysregulation significantly increased with age while PAL decreased. For the same age and PAL, men showed higher levels of physiological dysregulation globally in 3 systems: oxygen transport, liver/kidney function, and leukopoiesis. Men also showed faster global physiological dysregulation in the liver/kidney and leukopoiesis systems. Overall, high PAL was associated with lower level and slower rate of change of physiological dysregulation. Finally, while mortality and frailty risk significantly increased with physiological dysregulation, there was no evidence for differences in these effects between sexes and PAL. CONCLUSION Our results showed that both sex and PAL have a significant effect on physiological dysregulation levels and rates of change. Also, although a higher PAL was associated with lower level and slower rate of change of physiological dysregulation, there was no evidence that PAL attenuates the effect of physiological dysregulation on subsequent declines in health at the end of life. Substantial work remains to understand how modifiable behaviors impact the relationship between physiological dysregulation, frailty, and mortality in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ghachem
- Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédérik Dufour
- Department of Family Medicine, PRIMUS Research Group, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Tamas Fülöp
- Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Research Center of University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alan A Cohen
- Department of Family Medicine, PRIMUS Research Group, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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Sedighi SM, Nguyen M, Khalil A, Fülöp T. The impact of cardiac troponin in elderly patients in the absence of acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2020; 31:100629. [PMID: 32964099 PMCID: PMC7490820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2020.100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Comorbidities are common risk factors for rising cardiac troponin in non-acute coronary syndromes conditions. Furthermore, the risk for all-cause mortality appears to be correlated to the troponin levels. Consequently, measurement of cardiac troponin in hospital admission may contribute to predict the mortality risk in elderly patients. Among geriatric patients without acute coronary syndrome, with concomitant diseases, the correct interpretation of elevated cardiac troponin, particularly in emergency conditions poses a diagnostic dilemma. Although in several studies it is suggested that at the presence of comorbidity, there is an increase in cardiac troponin values, the elderly patients have not been included conclusively. In order to assess the diagnostic and prognostic role of cardiac troponin elevation in geriatric patients suffering from chronic diseases, a systematic review was performed. The study included the elderly patients free of acute coronary syndrome admitted to the hospital with concomitant disease, with a report of at least one cardiac troponin measurement. We found that elevated cardiac troponin is an independent prognostic factor, predicting all-cause morbidity and mortality burden in geriatric patients without acute coronary syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michel Nguyen
- Cardiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Canada
| | | | - Tamas Fülöp
- Geriatric Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Canada
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Andersen PL, Vermette P, Khalil A, Witkowski JM, Fülöp T. Characterization of three-dimensional rat central nervous system culture maturation, with applications to monitor cholinergic integrity. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e2976. [PMID: 32012477 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Studying age-related neuropathologies in vitro requires a three-dimensional (3D) culture system presenting mature phenotypes. In this study, we aimed to determine whether aged reaggregate cultures physiologically represent mature brain tissue. Results support that embryo-derived rat central nervous system (CNS) reaggregate cultures develop into mature-like tissues, comparable to in vivo maturation, including the following characteristics: (a) progressive reduction in cell proliferation (reduced anti-Ki-67 immunoreactivity), (b) progressive restriction of long neurite growth potential (as explant cultures), and (c) increased and sustained synaptic enzyme (acetylcholine esterase, AChE) activity. The acquisition of mature-like reaggregate cultures has allowed us to pursue the hypothesis that the physiological integrity of 3D CNS cultures may be monitored by synaptic enzyme activity. To assess this hypothesis, mature-like reaggregates were exposed to H2 O2 , glutamate, or amyloid β(1-42); each resulted in diminished AChE activity. H2 O2 exposure resulted in nuclear fragmentation. Glutamate and amyloid β(1-42) exposure resulted in acetylcholine content reduction. Simultaneous reduction of AChE activity and acetylcholine content verified diminished cholinergic integrity. This scheme exploiting synapse enzyme activity of mature-like 3D CNS tissue is therefore applicable to age-related neuropathology research including in vitro screening of conditions potentially affecting synapse integrity, including the promotion of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker L Andersen
- Department of Medicine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick Vermette
- Laboratoire de bio-ingénierie et de biophysique de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tamas Fülöp
- Department of Medicine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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Thiele I, Siminos E, Fülöp T. Electron Beam Driven Generation of Frequency-Tunable Isolated Relativistic Subcycle Pulses. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:104803. [PMID: 30932636 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.104803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel scheme for frequency-tunable subcycle electromagnetic pulse generation. To this end a pump electron beam is injected into an electromagnetic seed pulse as the latter is reflected by a mirror. The electron beam is shown to be able to amplify the field of the seed pulse while upshifting its central frequency and reducing its number of cycles. We demonstrate the amplification by means of 1D and 2D particle-in-cell simulations. In order to explain and optimize the process, a model based on fluid theory is proposed. We estimate that using currently available electron beams and terahertz pulse sources, our scheme is able to produce millijoule-strong midinfrared subcycle pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Thiele
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - E Siminos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - T Fülöp
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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Gaipov A, Cseprekal O, Potukuchi PK, Kabulbayev K, Remport A, Mathe Z, Talwar M, Balaraman V, Fülöp T, Eason JD, Mucsi I, Kovesdy CP, Molnar MZ. Association between malnutrition-inflammation score and risk of subsequent self-reported bone fractures in prevalent kidney transplant recipients. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:611-620. [PMID: 30456573 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4774-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Chronic inflammation and protein energy wasting (PEW) syndrome are common in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). The presence of inflammation and PEW syndrome can directly affect bone resorption and bone formation, leading to bone loss and fractures. We showed PEW is independently associated with new clinically detected bone fractures in prevalent KTR. INTRODUCTION Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) have a 4-fold higher risk of fracture compared to the general population. Chronic inflammation and PEW syndrome are common in KTR and are associated with poor outcomes. We hypothesized that the Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS), a validated measure of PEW, is associated with higher risk of bone fractures in KTR. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 839 prevalent KTR from a Central European academic center. MIS, a semiquantitative instrument of PEW, was calculated at the study entry. Self-reported history of fractures was recorded during the 2-year follow-up period. The association between MIS and bone fractures was examined in logistic regression analyses with adjustment for age, gender, eGFR, smoking habits, history of pre-transplant bone fractures, and acute rejection. RESULTS Mean age was 51 ± 13 years, and 56% of patients were males with median (interquartile range) transplant vintage 69 (38-112) months, estimated glomerular filtration rate 55 ± 21 ml/min/1.73 m2, and calculated MIS 3 (2-4) at enrollment. Fifty-five (7%) patients experienced self-reported bone fractures during the 2-year follow-up period. Higher MIS score showed linear association with increased risk of fracture. Each one-point higher MIS was associated with 23% higher risk of bone fractures (odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI 1.23, 1.12-1.34), which remained significant after multivariable adjustments (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06-1.29). CONCLUSION The MIS is independently associated with new clinically detected bone fractures in prevalent KTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gaipov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Extracorporeal Hemocorrection, National Scientific Medical Center, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - O Cseprekal
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - P K Potukuchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - K Kabulbayev
- Department of Nephrology, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - A Remport
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Z Mathe
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M Talwar
- Methodist Transplant Epidemiology Research Group, Methodist University Hospital Transplant Institute, 1211 Union Ave., Memphis, TN, 38104, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - V Balaraman
- Methodist Transplant Epidemiology Research Group, Methodist University Hospital Transplant Institute, 1211 Union Ave., Memphis, TN, 38104, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - T Fülöp
- Medical Services, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - J D Eason
- Methodist Transplant Epidemiology Research Group, Methodist University Hospital Transplant Institute, 1211 Union Ave., Memphis, TN, 38104, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - I Mucsi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Multiorgan Transplant Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - C P Kovesdy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Nephrology Section, Memphis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - M Z Molnar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Methodist Transplant Epidemiology Research Group, Methodist University Hospital Transplant Institute, 1211 Union Ave., Memphis, TN, 38104, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Muscedere J, Kim P, Afilalo J, Balion C, Baracos5 V, Bowdish D, Cesari M, Erusalimsky JD, Fülöp T, Heckman G, Howlett S, Khadaroo R, Kirkland J, Rodriguez Mañas L, Marzetti E, Paré G, Raina1 P, Rockwood K, Sinclair A, Skappak C, Verschoor C, Walter S. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CANADIAN FRAILTY NETWORK WORKSHOP: IDENTIFYING BIOMARKERS OF FRAILTY TO SUPPORT FRAILTY RISK ASSESSMENT, DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS. TORONTO, JANUARY 15, 2018. J Frailty Aging 2019; 8:106-116. [DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2019.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Canadian Frailty Network (CFN), a pan-Canadian not-for-profit organization funded by the Government of Canada through the Networks of Centres of Excellence Program, is dedicated to improving the care of older Canadians living with frailty. The CFN has partnered with the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) to measure potential frailty biomarkers in biological samples (whole blood, plasma, urine) collected in over 30,000 CLSA participants. CFN hosted a workshop in Toronto on January 15 2018, bringing together experts in the field of biomarkers, aging and frailty. The overall objectives of the workshop were to start building a consensus on potential frailty biomarker domains and identify specific frailty biomarkers to be measured in the CLSA biological samples. The workshop was structured with presentations in the morning to frame the discussions for the afternoon session, which was organized as a free-flowing discussion to benefit from the expertise of the participants. Participants and speakers were from Canada, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom and the United States. Herein we provide pertinent background information, a summary of all the presentations with key figures and tables, and the distillation of the discussions. In addition, moving forward, the principles CFN will use to approach frailty biomarker research and development are outlined. Findings from the workshop are helping CFN and CLSA plan and conduct the analysis of biomarkers in the CLSA samples and which will inform a follow-up data access competition.
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Xu W, Monaco G, Wong EH, Tan WLW, Kared H, Simoni Y, Tan SW, How WZY, Tan CTY, Lee BTK, Carbajo D, K G S, Low ICH, Mok EWH, Foo S, Lum J, Tey HL, Tan WP, Poidinger M, Newell E, Ng TP, Foo R, Akbar AN, Fülöp T, Larbi A. Mapping of γ/δ T cells reveals Vδ2+ T cells resistance to senescence. EBioMedicine 2018; 39:44-58. [PMID: 30528453 PMCID: PMC6354624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune adaptation with aging is a major of health outcomes. Studies in humans have mainly focus on αβ T cells while γδ T cells have been neglected despite their role in immunosurveillance. We investigated the impact of aging on γδ T cell subsets phenotypes, functions, senescence and their molecular response to stress. Methods Peripheral blood of young and old donors in Singapore have been used to assess the phenotype, functional capacity, proliferation capacity and gene expression of the various γδ T cell subsets. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from apheresis cones and young donors have been used to characterize the telomere length, epigenetics profile and DNA damage response of the various γδ T cell subsets phenotype. Findings Our data shows that peripheral Vδ2+ phenotype, functional capacity (cytokines, cytotoxicity, proliferation) and gene expression profile are specific when compared against all other αβ and γδ T cells in aging. Hallmarks of senescence including telomere length, epigenetic profile and DNA damage response of Vδ2+ also differs against all other αβ and γδ T cells. Interpretation Our results highlight the differential impact of lifelong stress on γδ T cells subsets, and highlight possible mechanisms that enable Vδ2+ to be resistant to cellular aging. The new findings reinforce the concept that Vδ2+ have an “innate-like” behavior and are more resilient to the environment as compared to “adaptive-like” Vδ1+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gianni Monaco
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eleanor Huijin Wong
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Genome Building, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wilson Lek Wen Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Genome Building, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hassen Kared
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Yannick Simoni
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Shu Wen Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wilson Zhi Yong How
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Crystal Tze Ying Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Bernett Teck Kwong Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Daniel Carbajo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Srinivasan K G
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Ivy Chay Huang Low
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Esther Wing Hei Mok
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Shihui Foo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Josephine Lum
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | | | | | - Michael Poidinger
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Evan Newell
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Tze Pin Ng
- Gerontology Research Programme, Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Foo
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Genome Building, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arne N Akbar
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tamas Fülöp
- Research Center on Aging, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Koch
- Medicover GmbH, Berlin, Germany. .,Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany. .,Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany. .,University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - T Fülöp
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
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Le Page A, Dupuis G, Larbi A, Witkowski JM, Fülöp T. Signal transduction changes in CD4 + and CD8 + T cell subpopulations with aging. Exp Gerontol 2018; 105:128-139. [PMID: 29307735 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The innate and adaptive branches of the immune system display changes with aging, a fact referred to as immunosenescence. Furthermore, it has been established that adaptive immunity is more susceptible to age-related changes than innate immunity. The most prominent phenotypic changes that reflect the specific differentiation and role of each T cell subpopulation are two-fold. They are a decreased number of naïve T cells that parallels an increase in memory T cells, mainly in the cytotoxic CD8+ T cell population, which can be subdivided into naïve, central, effector memory and TEMRA cells. The two main T cell properties that are the most affected with aging are the altered clonal expansion and decreased cytokine production, especially IL-2. These T cell functions have been shown to be affected in the early events of signaling. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of age on TCR- and CD28-dependent activation of the downstream signaling effectors Lck, SHP-1, Akt, PI3K p85α and mTOR in differentiated subpopulations of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Results showed that lymphocytes of elderly subjects were already in an activated state that could not be upregulated by external stimulation. Results also showed that the age-related signal transduction changes were more important than phenotype in the CD4+ and CD8+ T subpopulations. These observations suggested that age-related molecular and biochemical changes have a more significant influence on T cell functions than T cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Le Page
- Research Center on Aging, Department of Medicine, Graduate Programme in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gilles Dupuis
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Graduate Programme in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tamas Fülöp
- Research Center on Aging, Department of Medicine, Graduate Programme in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
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Akbar A, Fülöp T. CIRCULATING IMMUNE CELLS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO AGE-RELATED DISEASES. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.4556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Akbar
- University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - T. Fülöp
- Universite De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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13
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Matta J, Gaudreau P, Fülöp T, Dionne I, Tessier D, Shatenstein B, Payette H, Morais J. PREDICTORS OF INSULIN RESISTANCE IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS OF THE NUAGE STUDY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Matta
- Holy Spirit University, Jounieh, Lebanon,
| | - P. Gaudreau
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
| | - T. Fülöp
- University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | - I.J. Dionne
- University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | - D. Tessier
- University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | | | - H. Payette
- University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
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14
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Fontvieille A, Parent-Roberge H, Langlois M, Fülöp T, Pavic M, Riesco E. AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE TRAINING TO REDUCE CANCER-RELATED FATIGUE: EFFICACY IN ONCOGERIATRIC PATIENTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Fontvieille
- Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l’Estrie CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | - H. Parent-Roberge
- Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l’Estrie CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | - M. Langlois
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
- Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - T. Fülöp
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l’Estrie CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | - M. Pavic
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
- Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - E. Riesco
- Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l’Estrie CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
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15
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Karine B, Dupuis G, Frost E, Fülöp T. AMYLOID BETA PEPTIDES AS ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES: RELEVANCE FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE? Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. Karine
- Medicine, Universite De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - G. Dupuis
- Medicine, Universite De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - E.H. Frost
- Medicine, Universite De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - T. Fülöp
- Medicine, Universite De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Fülöp T, Le Page A, Fortin C, Witkowski J, Dupuis G, Larbi A. SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION CHANGES IN IMMUNE CELLS WITH AGING. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.4560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Fülöp
- Medicine, Universite De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | - A. Le Page
- Medicine, Universite De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | - C. Fortin
- Medicine, Universite De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | | | - G. Dupuis
- Medicine, Universite De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | - A. Larbi
- Aging and Immunity Program, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore,
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17
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Witkowski J, Mikosik A, Bryl E, Foerster J, Fülöp T, Caruso C. CALPAIN ACTIVITY MAINTAINS GOOD HEALTH OF CENTENARIAN T CELLS; SUMMARY OF THE CALPACENT PROJECT. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J.M. Witkowski
- Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland,
| | - A. Mikosik
- Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland,
| | - E. Bryl
- Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland,
| | - J. Foerster
- Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland,
| | - T. Fülöp
- University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,
| | - C. Caruso
- University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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18
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Matta J, Gaudreau P, Fülöp T, Dionne I, Tessier D, Shatenstein B, Payette H, Morais J. SERUM BIOMARKERS PREDICTING INSULIN RESISTANCE IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS OF THE NUAGE STUDY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.3087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Matta
- Holy Spirit University, Beirut, Lebanon,
| | - P. Gaudreau
- University of Montreal, MOntreal, Quebec, Canada,
| | - T. Fülöp
- University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - I.J. Dionne
- University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - D. Tessier
- University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - H. Payette
- University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - J.A. Morais
- Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Fülöp
- Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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20
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Pinti M, Appay V, Campisi J, Frasca D, Fülöp T, Sauce D, Larbi A, Weinberger B, Cossarizza A. Aging of the immune system: Focus on inflammation and vaccination. Eur J Immunol 2017; 46:2286-2301. [PMID: 27595500 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201546178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Major advances in preventing, delaying, or curing individual pathologies are responsible for an increasingly long life span in the developed parts of our planet, and indeed reaching eight to nine decades of life is nowadays extremely frequent. However, medical and sanitary advances have not prevented or delayed the underlying cause of the disparate pathologies occurring in the elderly: aging itself. The identification of the basis of the aging processes that drives the multiple pathologies and loss of function typical of older individuals is a major challenge in current aging research. Among the possible causes, an impairment of the immune system plays a major role, and indeed numerous studies have described immunological changes which occur with age. Far from the intention of being exhaustive, this review will focus on recent advances and views on the role that modifications of cell signalling and remodelling of the immune response play during human aging and longevity, paying particular attention to phenomena which are linked to the so called inflammaging process, such as dysregulation of innate immunity, altered T-cell or B-cell maturation and differentiation, as well as to the implications of immune aging for vaccination strategies in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Victor Appay
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Judith Campisi
- USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Frasca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Tamas Fülöp
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Delphine Sauce
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Aging and Immunity Program, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Birgit Weinberger
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia School of Medicine, Modena, Italy.
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21
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Hesslow L, Embréus O, Stahl A, DuBois TC, Papp G, Newton SL, Fülöp T. Effect of Partially Screened Nuclei on Fast-Electron Dynamics. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:255001. [PMID: 28696736 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.255001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the dynamics of fast electrons in plasmas containing partially ionized impurity atoms, where the screening effect of bound electrons must be included. We derive analytical expressions for the deflection and slowing-down frequencies, and show that they are increased significantly compared to the results obtained with complete screening, already at subrelativistic electron energies. Furthermore, we show that the modifications to the deflection and slowing down frequencies are of equal importance in describing the runaway current evolution. Our results greatly affect fast-electron dynamics and have important implications, e.g., for the efficacy of mitigation strategies for runaway electrons in tokamak devices, and energy loss during relativistic breakdown in atmospheric discharges.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hesslow
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - O Embréus
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Stahl
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - T C DuBois
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - G Papp
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S L Newton
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - T Fülöp
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Anderson
- Chalmers University of Technology, Institute for Electromagnetic Field Theory S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - T. Fülöp
- Chalmers University of Technology, Institute for Electromagnetic Field Theory S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M. Lisak
- Chalmers University of Technology, Institute for Electromagnetic Field Theory S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - F. Wising
- Chalmers University of Technology, Institute for Electromagnetic Field Theory S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Anderson
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Electromagnetics and EURATOM-VR Association, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M. Lisak
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Electromagnetics and EURATOM-VR Association, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - F. Andersson
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Electromagnetics and EURATOM-VR Association, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - T. Fülöp
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Electromagnetics and EURATOM-VR Association, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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24
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25
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Moskalev A, Anisimov V, Aliper A, Artemov A, Asadullah K, Belsky D, Baranova A, de Grey A, Dixit VD, Debonneuil E, Dobrovolskaya E, Fedichev P, Fedintsev A, Fraifeld V, Franceschi C, Freer R, Fülöp T, Feige J, Gems D, Gladyshev V, Gorbunova V, Irincheeva I, Jager S, Jazwinski SM, Kaeberlein M, Kennedy B, Khaltourina D, Kovalchuk I, Kovalchuk O, Kozin S, Kulminski A, Lashmanova E, Lezhnina K, Liu GH, Longo V, Mamoshina P, Maslov A, Pedro de Magalhaes J, Mitchell J, Mitnitski A, Nikolsky Y, Ozerov I, Pasyukova E, Peregudova D, Popov V, Proshkina E, Putin E, Rogaev E, Rogina B, Schastnaya J, Seluanov A, Shaposhnikov M, Simm A, Skulachev V, Skulachev M, Solovev I, Spindler S, Stefanova N, Suh Y, Swick A, Tower J, Gudkov AV, Vijg J, Voronkov A, West M, Wagner W, Yashin A, Zemskaya N, Zhumadilov Z, Zhavoronkov A. A review of the biomedical innovations for healthy longevity. Aging (Albany NY) 2017. [PMCID: PMC5310653 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Moskalev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Anisimov
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksander Aliper
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, ETC, B301, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Artem Artemov
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, ETC, B301, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | | | - Daniel Belsky
- Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ancha Baranova
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, VA 20110, USA
| | - Aubrey de Grey
- SENS Research Foundation, 1 Beaconsfield Terrace, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Vishwa Deep Dixit
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | | | - Eugenia Dobrovolskaya
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Peter Fedichev
- Gero Limited, International Commerce Center, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | - Vadim Fraifeld
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Center for Multidisciplinary Research on Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, 8410501, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosie Freer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Tamas Fülöp
- Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jerome Feige
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Gems
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vadim Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Irina Irincheeva
- Nutrition and Metabolic Health Group, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sibylle Jager
- Open Research Department, L’Oreal, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - S. Michal Jazwinski
- Tulane Center for Aging and Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, SL-12, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Brian Kennedy
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Daria Khaltourina
- Department of the Integrated Prevention Programs, Federal State Institution "National Research Center for Preventive Medicine" of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 101990, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Sergey Kozin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Ksenia Lezhnina
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, ETC, B301, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Valter Longo
- Longevity Institute and Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Polina Mamoshina
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, ETC, B301, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Alexander Maslov
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Joao Pedro de Magalhaes
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - James Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arnold Mitnitski
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Centre for Health Care of the Elderly-Suite 1305, 5955 Veterans' Memorial Lane Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 2E1 Canada
| | - Yuri Nikolsky
- Biomedical Cluster, Skolkovo Foundation, Skolkovo, Russia
| | - Ivan Ozerov
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, ETC, B301, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Elena Pasyukova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Darya Peregudova
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina Proshkina
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Evgeny Putin
- Computer Technologies Lab, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Evgeny Rogaev
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Blanka Rogina
- Institute for Systems Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Jane Schastnaya
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, ETC, B301, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Andrey Seluanov
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Andreas Simm
- Centre of Medical Basic Research, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Vladimir Skulachev
- Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Skulachev
- Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya Solovev
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Stephen Spindler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Natalia Stefanova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yousin Suh
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - John Tower
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Andrei V. Gudkov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Jan Vijg
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Andrey Voronkov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia
| | | | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anatoliy Yashin
- Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Nadezhda Zemskaya
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | | | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, ETC, B301, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Vigier S, Gagnon H, Bourgade K, Klarskov K, Fülöp T, Vermette P. Composition and organization of the pancreatic extracellular matrix by combined methods of immunohistochemistry, proteomics and scanning electron microscopy. Curr Res Transl Med 2016; 65:31-39. [PMID: 28340694 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The epidemic expansion of diabetes is a major concern of public health. A promising treatment is the transplantation of islets of Langerhans isolated from the whole pancreas but the yields of islets isolation and the rates of successful engraftments still have to be improved to make this therapy effective. The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the pancreatic tissue is partially lost during the isolation process and a comprehensive knowledge of the pancreatic ECM composition and organization could identify targets to improve islets isolation and transplantation or highlight new therapeutics for pancreatic diseases. The organization, composition and three-dimensional architecture of the pancreatic ECM were analysed in mouse and pig by three different techniques. Laminin α-4 and β-2 chains are localized by immunohistochemistry in the exocrine tissue and inside islets of mouse pancreas but not around islets that are surrounded by an ECM made of collagen type IV and type V. Collagen type I, III, and VI were identified by proteomics as specific constituents of the pig pancreatic ECM along with the low-abundance isoforms α3(IV) α4(IV) α5(IV) and α1(V) α2(V) α3(V) of collagen type IV and type V respectively. The three-dimensional ECM architecture is analysed on decellularized mouse pancreas by scanning electron microscopy and is organized in honeycomb structures made of thin ECM fibers assembled in thicker bundles. The combination of immunohistochemistry, proteomics and scanning electron microscopy gives complementary perspective on the pancreatic ECM composition and organization. It represents a valuable toolbox for deeper investigations of ECMs and proposes clues in tissue engineering of the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vigier
- Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l'Université, J1K 2R1 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
| | - H Gagnon
- PhenoSwitch Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - K Bourgade
- Research Center on Aging, 1036, rue Belvédère Sud, J1H 4C4 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - K Klarskov
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - T Fülöp
- Research Center on Aging, 1036, rue Belvédère Sud, J1H 4C4 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - P Vermette
- Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l'Université, J1K 2R1 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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Fülöp T, Dupuis G, Witkowski JM, Larbi A. The Role of Immunosenescence in the Development of Age-Related Diseases. Rev Invest Clin 2016; 68:84-91. [PMID: 27103044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex phenomenon leading to numerous changes in the physiological systems of the body. One of the most important changes, called immunosenescence, occurs in the immune system. Immunosenescence covers changes in the innate and the adaptive immune systems and is associated with a low-grade inflammation called inflammaging. Aging, likely via inflammaging, is also associated with the emergence of chronic diseases including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and diabetes mellitus type 2. The origin of this inflammaging is not known with certainty, but several concurrent contributing factors have been suggested, such as aging-associated changes in the innate and adaptive immune response, chronic antigenic stimulation, the appearance of endogenous macromolecular changes, and the presence of senescent cells exhibiting a senescence-associated secretory phenotype. A better understanding of the multiple biological phenomena leading to these diseases via the immunosenescence associated with inflammaging provides a powerful target for interventions to increase the healthspan of elderly subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Fülöp
- Research Center on Aging, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gilles Dupuis
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Biopolis, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
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Stahl A, Hirvijoki E, Decker J, Embréus O, Fülöp T. Effective critical electric field for runaway-electron generation. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:115002. [PMID: 25839283 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.115002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter we investigate factors that influence the effective critical electric field for runaway-electron generation in plasmas. We present numerical solutions of the kinetic equation and discuss the implications for the threshold electric field. We show that the effective electric field necessary for significant runaway-electron formation often is higher than previously calculated due to both (1) extremely strong dependence of primary generation on temperature and (2) synchrotron radiation losses. We also address the effective critical field in the context of a transition from runaway growth to decay. We find agreement with recent experiments, but show that the observation of an elevated effective critical field can mainly be attributed to changes in the momentum-space distribution of runaways, and only to a lesser extent to a de facto change in the critical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stahl
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E Hirvijoki
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Decker
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas (CRPP), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - O Embréus
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - T Fülöp
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Kuehn C, Fülöp T, Lakey JRT, Vermette P. Young porcine endocrine pancreatic islets cultured in fibrin and alginate gels show improved resistance towards human monocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 62:354-64. [PMID: 25239278 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the protective function of alginate and fibrin gels used to embed porcine endocrine pancreatic islets towards human monocytes. METHODS Groups of 200 islet equivalents from young pigs were embedded in either a fibrin or in an alginate gel, and as a control seeded in tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) well plates. The islet cultures were incubated with 2×10(5) human monocytes for 24h. In addition, both islets and monocytes were separately cultured in TCPS, fibrin and alginate. Islet morphology, viability and function were investigated as well as the secretion of cytokines TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β. RESULTS When freely-floating in TCPS, non-encapsulated islets were surrounded by monocytes and started to disperse after 24h. In fibrin, monocytes could be found in close proximity to embedded islets, indicating monocyte migration through the gel. In contrast, after 24h, few monocytes were found close to islets in alginate. Immunofluorescence staining and manual counting showed that integrin expression was higher in fibrin-embedded islet cultures. A TUNEL assay revealed elevated numbers of apoptotic cells for islets in TCPS wells compared to fibrin and alginate cultures. Insulin secretion was higher with islets embedded in fibrin and alginate when compared to non-encapsulated islets. TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β were found in high concentrations in the media of co-cultures and monocyte mono-culture in fibrin. CONCLUSION Both alginate and fibrin provide key structural support and offer some protection for the islets towards human monocytes. Fibrin itself triggers the cytokine secretion from monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kuehn
- Laboratoire de bio-ingénierie et de biophysique de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l'Université, J1K 2R1 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Research Centre on Aging, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Sherbrooke, 1036, rue Belvédère Sud, J1H 4C4 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - T Fülöp
- Research Centre on Aging, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Sherbrooke, 1036, rue Belvédère Sud, J1H 4C4 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - J R T Lakey
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 333 City Boulevard West, Suite 700, Orange, 92868 CA, United States
| | - P Vermette
- Laboratoire de bio-ingénierie et de biophysique de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l'Université, J1K 2R1 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Research Centre on Aging, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Sherbrooke, 1036, rue Belvédère Sud, J1H 4C4 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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Kazakov YO, Fülöp T. Kazakov and Fülöp reply. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:089502. [PMID: 25192131 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.089502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye O Kazakov
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics, LPP-ERM/KMS, TEC Partner, BE-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - T Fülöp
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Fülöp
- University of Sherbrooke, Department of Medicine, 375 rue Argyll, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1J 3H5.
| | - Ruth R Montgomery
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, 300 Cedar Street, TAC S-413, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA.
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Kuehn C, Vermette P, Fülöp T. Cross talk between the extracellular matrix and the immune system in the context of endocrine pancreatic islet transplantation. A review article. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 62:67-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Le Page A, Fortin C, Garneau H, Allard N, Tsvetkova K, Tan CTY, Larbi A, Dupuis G, Fülöp T. Downregulation of inhibitory SRC homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) leads to recovery of T cell responses in elderly. Cell Commun Signal 2014; 12:2. [PMID: 24405902 PMCID: PMC3896791 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-12-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune responses are generally impaired in aged mammals. T cells have been extensively studied in this context due to the initial discovery of their reduced proliferative capacity with aging. The decreased responses involve altered signaling events associated with the early steps of T cell activation. The underlying causes of these changes are not fully understood but point to alterations in assembly of the machinery for T cell activation. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that the T cell pool in elderly subjects displayed reduced functional capacities due to altered negative feedback mechanisms that participate in the regulation of the early steps of T cell activation. Such conditions tip the immune balance in favor of altered T cell activation and a related decreased response in aging. RESULTS We present evidence that the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, a key regulator of T cell signal transduction machinery is, at least in part, responsible for the impaired T cell activation in aging. We used tyrosine-specific mAbs and Western blot analysis to show that a deregulation of the Csk/PAG loop in activated T cells from elderly individuals favored the inactive form of tyrosine-phosphorylated Lck (Y505). Confocal microscopy analysis revealed that the dynamic movements of these regulatory proteins in lipid raft microdomains was altered in T cells of aged individuals. Enzymic assays showed that SHP-1 activity was upregulated in T cells of aged donors, in contrast to young subjects. Pharmacological inhibition of SHP-1 resulted in recovery of TCR/CD28-dependent lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production of aged individuals to levels approaching those of young donors. Significant differences in the active (Y394) and inactive (Y505) phosphorylation sites of Lck in response to T cell activation were observed in elderly donors as compared to young subjects, independently of CD45 isoform expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the role of SHP-1 in T cell activation extends to its increased effect in negative feedback in aging. Modulation of SHP-1 activity could be a target to restore altered T cell functions in aging. These observations could have far reaching consequences for improvement of immunosenescence and its clinical consequences such as infections, altered response to vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tamas Fülöp
- Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 1036 rue Belvedere sud, Sherbrooke, J1H 4C4, Quebec, Canada.
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35
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Szentirmai E, Milisits G, Donkó T, Budai Z, Ujvári J, Fülöp T, Repa I, Sütő Z. Comparison of changes in production and egg composition in relation to in vivo estimates of body weight and composition of brown and white egg layers during the first egg-laying period. Br Poult Sci 2013; 54:587-93. [PMID: 24053575 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2013.811717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to compare the changes in the production and in the body and egg composition of 45 TETRA SL brown egg layers and 45 TETRA BLANCA white egg layers during the first egg-laying period. 2. Changes in the body composition of the hens were followed in vivo by means of computed tomography (CT) four-weekly, between 20 and 72 weeks of age. The measurements covered the whole body of the hens using overlapping 10 mm slice thicknesses on a Siemens Somatom Emotion 6 multislice CT scanner. 3. The yolk, albumen and shell ratio of the eggs, produced on the days of the CT measurements by the hens, were determined and their composition was analysed chemically. 4. The body fat content of the hens increased continuously until 44 weeks of age and plateaued thereafter in both genotypes. However, the body fat content of the white egg layers was always higher than that of the brown egg layers. 5. The yolk ratio and the dry matter and crude fat content of the eggs of white egg layers were higher than the brown egg layers throughout the experiment. 6. Moderate correlations were observed in both genotypes between the body fat content of the hens and egg yolk ratio of their eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Szentirmai
- a Department of Poultry and Small Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science , Kaposvár University , H-7400 Kaposvár , Guba S. u. 40. , Hungary
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36
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Kazakov YO, Fülöp T. Mode conversion of waves in the ion-cyclotron frequency range in magnetospheric plasmas. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:125002. [PMID: 24093267 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.125002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Waves in the ion-cyclotron range of frequencies with linear polarization detected by satellites can be useful for estimating the heavy ion concentrations in planetary magnetospheres. These waves are considered to be driven by mode conversion (MC) of the fast magnetosonic waves at the ion-ion hybrid resonances. In this Letter, we derive analytical expressions for the MC efficiency and tunneling of waves through the MC layer. We evaluate the particular parallel wave numbers for which MC is efficient for arbitrary heavy ion/proton ratios and discuss the interpretation of the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye O Kazakov
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology and Euratom-VR Association, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden and Laboratory for Plasma Physics, ERM/KMS, Association "EURATOM-Belgian State," TEC Partner, BE-1000 Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
Aging is associated with a dysregulation of the immune response, loosely termed “immunosenescence.” Each part of the immune system is influenced to some extent by the aging process. However, adaptive immunity seems more extensively affected and among all participating cells it is the T cells that are most altered. There is a large body of experimental work devoted to the investigation of age-associated differences in T cell phenotypes and functions in young and old individuals, but few longitudinal studies in humans actually delineating changes at the level of the individual. In most studies, the number and proportion of late-differentiated T cells, especially CD8+ T cells, is reported to be higher in the elderly than in the young. Limited longitudinal studies suggest that accumulation of these cells is a dynamic process and does indeed represent an age-associated change. Accumulations of such late-stage cells may contribute to the enhanced systemic pro-inflammatory milieu commonly seen in older people. We do not know exactly what causes these observed changes, but an understanding of the possible causes is now beginning to emerge. A favored hypothesis is that these events are at least partly due to the effects of the maintenance of essential immune surveillance against persistent viral infections, notably Cytomegalovirus (CMV), which may exhaust the immune system over time. It is still a matter of debate as to whether these changes are compensatory and beneficial or pathological and detrimental to the proper functioning of the immune system and whether they impact longevity. Here, we will review present knowledge of T cell changes with aging and their relation to chronic viral and possibly other persistent infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fülöp
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke, QC , Canada
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Fülöp T, Landreman M. Ion runaway in lightning discharges. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:015006. [PMID: 23863010 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.015006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Runaway ions can be produced in plasmas with large electric fields, where the accelerating electric force is augmented by the low mean ionic charge due to the imbalance between the number of electrons and ions. Here we derive an expression for the high-energy tail of the ion distribution function in lightning discharges and investigate the energy range that the ions can reach. We also estimate the corresponding energetic proton and neutron production due to fusion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fülöp
- Department of Applied Physics, Nuclear Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology and Euratom-VR Association, Göteborg SE-41296, Sweden
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Abstract
There is an established consensus that it is primarily the adaptive arm of immunity, and the T cell subset in particular, that is most susceptible to the deleterious changes with age known as “immunosenescence”. Can we garner any clues as to why this might be by considering comparative immunology and the evolutionary emergence of adaptive and innate immunity? The immune system is assumed to have evolved to protect the organism against pathogens, but the way in which this is accomplished is different in the innate-vs-adaptive arms, and it is unclear why the latter is necessary. Are there special characteristics of adaptive immunity which might make the system more susceptible to age-associated dysfunction? Given recent accumulating findings that actually there are age-associated changes to innate immunity and that these are broadly similar in vertebrates and invertebrates, we suggest here that it is the special property of memory in the adaptive immune system which results in the accumulation of cells with a restricted receptor repertoire, dependent on the immunological history of the individual’s exposures to pathogens over the lifetime, and which is commonly taken as a hallmark of “immunosenescence”. However, we further hypothesize that this immunological remodelling per se does not necessarily convey a disadvantage to the individual (ie. is not necessarily “senescence” if it is not deleterious). Indeed, under certain circumstances, or potentially even as a rule, this adaptation to the individual host environment may confer an actual survival advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Müller
- Max-Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
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Deák L, Bottyán L, Fülöp T, Kertész G, Nagy DL, Rüffer R, Spiering H, Tanczikó F, Vankó G. Switching reciprocity on and off in a magneto-optical x-ray scattering experiment using nuclear resonance of α-(57)Fe foils. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:237402. [PMID: 23368265 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.237402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Reciprocity is when the scattering amplitude of wave propagation satisfies a symmetry property, connecting a scattering process with an appropriate reversed one. We report on an experiment using nuclear resonance scattering of synchrotron radiation, which demonstrates that magneto-optical materials do not necessarily violate reciprocity. The setting enables us to switch easily between reciprocity and its violation. In the latter case, the exhibited reciprocity violation is orders of magnitude larger than achieved by previous wave scattering experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Deák
- Wigner RCP, RMKI, P.O.B. 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
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Skalnyi E, Garza-Leal J, Fülöp T, Bacsko G, Pál A, Ács N. A Multi-Center, Single-Arm, International, Feasibility Clinical Study of IOGYN Hysteroscopic Morcellation System. Preliminary Clinical Results. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2012.08.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hamrahian M, Fülöp T, Mollaee M, Lopez-Ruiz A, Juncos LA. Recurrent acute pancreatitis in a patient on peritoneal dialysis using 7.5% icodextrin. Perit Dial Int 2012; 32:568-70. [PMID: 22991018 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2011.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
Runaway positrons can be produced in the presence of runaway electron avalanches in magnetized plasmas. In this Letter, we determine the positron distribution, the fraction of runaway positrons, and the parametric dependences of their synchrotron radiation spectrum. We show that the maximum production occurs around γ(e)≃30, where γ(e) is the Lorentz factor of the fast electrons. For an avalanching positron distribution typical of tokamak plasmas, the maximum of the synchrotron radiation spectrum should be around a micron. The radiated power and spectrum shape are sensitive to the plasma parameters. Apart from its intrinsic interest, detection of radiation from positrons could be a diagnostic tool to understand the properties of the medium they propagate through.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fülöp
- Department of Applied Physics, Nuclear Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology and Euratom-VR Association, Göteborg, Sweden
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Pawelec G, Akbar A, Beverley P, Caruso C, Derhovanessian E, Fülöp T, Griffiths P, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Hamprecht K, Jahn G, Kern F, Koch SD, Larbi A, Maier AB, Macallan D, Moss P, Samson S, Strindhall J, Trannoy E, Wills M. Immunosenescence and Cytomegalovirus: where do we stand after a decade? Immun Ageing 2010; 7:13. [PMID: 20822513 PMCID: PMC2939591 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-7-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham Pawelec
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Tessier DM, Khalil A, Trottier L, Fülöp T. Effects of vitamin C supplementation on antioxidants and lipid peroxidation markers in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2009; 48:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2007.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2007] [Revised: 10/21/2007] [Accepted: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
The primary role of the immune system is to protect the organism against pathogens, but age-associated alterations to immunity increase the susceptibility of the elderly to infectious disease. The exact nature of these changes is still controversial, but the use of screening procedures, such as the SENIEUR protocol to exclude underlying illness, helped to better characterize the changes actually related to physiological aging rather than pathology. It is generally agreed that the most marked changes occur in the cellular immune response reflecting profound alterations in T cells. Much of this is due to thymic involution as well as changes in the proportions of T cell subpopulations resulting from antigen exposure, and altered T cell activation pathways. However, a body of data indicates that innate immune responses, including the critical bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, and antigen presenting capacity are not completely resistant to senescence processes. The consequences of all these alterations are an increased incidence of infections, as well as possibly cancers, autoimmune disorders, and chronic inflammatory diseases. The leading question is what, if anything, can we do to prevent these deleterious changes without dangerously dysregulating the precarious balance of productive immunity versus immunopathology? There are many potential new therapeutic means now available to modulate immunosenescence and many others are expected to be available shortly. One main problem in applying these experimental therapies is ethical: there is a common feeling that as ageing is not a disease; the elderly are not sick and therefore do not require adventurous therapies with unpredictable side-effects in mostly frail individuals. Animal models are not helpful in this context. In this chapter we will first briefly review what we think we know about human immunosenescence and its consequences for the health status of elderly individuals. We will then discuss possible interventions that might one day become applicable in an appropriate ethical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Fülöp
- Research Center on Aging, Immunology Program, Geriatric Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
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47
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Robert L, Robert AM, Fülöp T. Rapid increase in human life expectancy: will it soon be limited by the aging of elastin? Biogerontology 2008; 9:119-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-007-9122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Elastin fibres give blood vessels important rheological properties, such as the postsystolic elastic recoil. The age-dependent increase of Ca2+ and lipid content, and elastolytic degradation of the fibres progressively impairs their function and produces circulating elastin peptides. Their interaction with the elastin receptor on smooth muscle cells induces not only increased cell-elastin fibre adhesion and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation but also the release of lytic enzymes and oxygen free radicals from monocytes penetrating the vascular wall during atherogenesis. The age-dependent 'uncoupling' of the receptor has been shown to be involved in the loss of Ca2+ homeostatic mechanisms and the progressive calcification of the vessel wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Robert
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Equipe de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif, Université Paris VII-Denis Diderot, France
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49
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Larbi A, Grenier A, Frisch F, Douziech N, Fortin C, Carpentier AC, Fülöp T. Acute in vivo elevation of intravascular triacylglycerol lipolysis impairs peripheral T cell activation in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 82:949-56. [PMID: 16280424 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/82.5.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown suppressive effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on T cell proliferation, but the precise mechanism for this effect has not been fully investigated in vivo in humans. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine whether this effect is the result of altered T cell membrane properties and impaired CD3- and CD28-mediated signaling in vivo in humans. DESIGN Peripheral T cells were isolated from healthy subjects before and 2 h after an intravenous infusion of heparin plus a PUFA-rich lipid emulsion during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp to induce a 2.5-fold elevation in plasma linoleic acid concentration without significant change in plasma total free fatty acid concentrations. RESULTS Intravenous infusion of heparin plus the lipid emulsion reduced peripheral T cell membrane fluidity and altered lipid raft organization, both of which were associated with reduced T cell proliferation after stimulation with CD3 plus CD28. Tyrosine phosphorylation of linker of activated T cells and activation of protein kinase B in T cells were also impaired without a reduction in T cell receptor expression. In addition, acute PUFA elevation was associated with a reduction in T cell membrane cholesterol exchange with the cellular milieu ex vivo. CONCLUSIONS A selective increase in plasma linoleic acid concentration and in intravascular lipolysis has a suppressive effect on peripheral T cell CD28-dependent activation, and this effect is associated with changes in plasma membrane properties. Our results have important implications for nutritional therapy in patients at high risk of septic complications and may also be of relevance to postprandial lipid metabolism disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Larbi
- Division of Geriatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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50
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Larbi A, Levesque G, Robert L, Gagné D, Douziech N, Fülöp T. Presence and active synthesis of the 67 kDa elastin-receptor in human circulating white blood cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 332:787-92. [PMID: 15907791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2005] [Accepted: 05/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Early after the identification of the elastin-receptor (El-R) on mesenchymal cells, it was demonstrated that phagocytic cells and lymphocytes could also respond to elastin peptides. Nevertheless, the level of El-R expression has never been demonstrated on immune cells and no data exist whether these cells actively synthesize this El-R. Thus, our aim in the present work was to study the expression and number of El-R on white blood cells (WBC) using a specific 67 kDa El-R antibody and to demonstrate the presence of mRNA corresponding to the gene coding for El-R. Our results show that messenger RNA corresponding to the presumptive gene coding for the 67 kDa El-R subunit could be detected in all three WBC-types investigated. On all of these WBC, the presence of El-R could be demonstrated, however their number and their function varied following the cell type. The presence of El-R is very important for the interaction of circulating cell with the matrix as these cells intervene during atherosclerosis and in host defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Larbi
- Laboratoire de Bio-gérontologie, Centre de Recherche sur le vieillissement, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie, Département de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que., Canada
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