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Mittra PK, Rahman MA, Roy SK, Kwon SJ, Yun SH, Kun C, Zhou M, Katsube-Tanaka T, Shiraiwa T, Woo SH. Deciphering proteomic mechanisms explaining the role of glutathione as an aid in improving plant fitness and tolerance against cadmium-toxicity in Brassica napus L. J Hazard Mater 2024; 471:134262. [PMID: 38640678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) hazard is a serious limitation to plants, soils and environments. Cd-toxicity causes stunted growth, chlorosis, necrosis, and plant yield loss. Thus, ecofriendly strategies with understanding of molecular mechanisms of Cd-tolerance in plants is highly demandable. The Cd-toxicity caused plant growth retardation, leaf chlorosis and cellular damages, where the glutathione (GSH) enhanced plant fitness and Cd-toxicity in Brassica through Cd accumulation and antioxidant defense. A high-throughput proteome approach screened 4947 proteins, wherein 370 were differently abundant, 164 were upregulated and 206 were downregulated. These proteins involved in energy and carbohydrate metabolism, CO2 assimilation and photosynthesis, signal transduction and protein metabolism, antioxidant defense response, heavy metal detoxification, cytoskeleton and cell wall structure, and plant development in Brassica. Interestingly, several key proteins including glutathione S-transferase F9 (A0A078GBY1), ATP sulfurylase 2 (A0A078GW82), cystine lyase CORI3 (A0A078FC13), ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase 1 (A0A078HXC0), glutaredoxin-C5 (A0A078ILU9), glutaredoxin-C2 (A0A078HHH4) actively involved in antioxidant defense and sulfur assimilation-mediated Cd detoxification process confirmed by their interactome analyses. These candidate proteins shared common gene networks associated with plant fitness, Cd-detoxification and tolerance in Brassica. The proteome insights may encourage breeders for enhancing multi-omics assisted Cd-tolerance in Brassica, and GSH-mediated hazard free oil seed crop production for global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Probir Kumar Mittra
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Swapan Kumar Roy
- College of Agricultural Sciences, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, 4 Embankment Drive Road, Sector 10 Uttara Model Town, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Soo-Jeong Kwon
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Yun
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Cheong-ju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Kun
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Cheong-ju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tomoyuki Katsube-Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Sun-Hee Woo
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju 28644, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Mittra PK, Roy SK, Rahman MA, Naimuzzaman M, Kwon SJ, Yun SH, Cho K, Katsube-Tanaka T, Shiraiwa T, Woo SH. Proteome insights of citric acid-mediated cadmium toxicity tolerance in Brassica napus L. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:115461-115479. [PMID: 37882925 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic substance that is uptake by plants from soils, Cd easily transfers into the food chain. Considering global food security, eco-friendly, cost-effective, and metal detoxification strategies are highly demandable for sustainable food crop production. The purpose of this study was to investigate how citric acid (CA) alleviates or tolerates Cd toxicity in Brassica using a proteome approach. In this study, the global proteome level was significantly altered under Cd toxicity with or without CA supplementation in Brassica. A total of 4947 proteins were identified using the gel-free proteome approach. Out of these, 476 proteins showed differential abundance between the treatment groups, wherein 316 were upregulated and 160 were downregulated. The gene ontology analysis reveals that differentially abundant proteins were involved in different biological processes including energy and carbohydrate metabolism, CO2 assimilation and photosynthesis, signal transduction and protein metabolism, antioxidant defense, heavy metal detoxification, plant development, and cytoskeleton and cell wall structure in Brassica leaves. Interestingly, several candidate proteins such as superoxide dismutase (A0A078GZ68) L-ascorbate peroxidase 3 (A0A078HSG4), glutamine synthetase (A0A078HLB2), glutathione S-transferase DHAR1 (A0A078HPN8), glutamine synthetase (A0A078HLB2), cysteine synthase (A0A078GAD3), S-adenosylmethionine synthase 2 (A0A078JDL6), and thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase 2 (A0A078H905) were involved in antioxidant defense system and sulfur assimilation-involving Cd-detoxification process in Brassica. These findings provide new proteome insights into CA-mediated Cd-toxicity alleviation in Brassica, which might be useful to oilseed crop breeders for enhancing heavy metal tolerance in Brassica using the breeding program, with sustainable and smart Brassica production in a metal-toxic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Probir Kumar Mittra
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Swapan Kumar Roy
- College of Agricultural Sciences, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, 4 Embankment Drive Road, Sector 10 Uttara Model Town, Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Md Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Mollah Naimuzzaman
- College of Agricultural Sciences, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, 4 Embankment Drive Road, Sector 10 Uttara Model Town, Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Soo-Jeong Kwon
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Yun
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Cheong-Ju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Cho
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Cheong-Ju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Tomoyuki Katsube-Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Sun-Hee Woo
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Saito Y, Ito Y, Tada T, Shoda A, Shiraiwa T, Kondo N. Characterization of fluorescence properties of wounds on soybean seedlings during healing process using excitation emission matrix and fluorescence imaging. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 298:122766. [PMID: 37120952 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To establish a simple and nondestructive method for measuring plant wound-healing ability, we characterized the fluorescence characteristics of wounds on hypocotyl of soybean seedlings during healing process. Wounds were manually created on the stem of soybean seedlings 7 days after sowing. The fluorescence time-series characteristics of the wounds were measured until 96 h after wounding using excitation emission matrix (EEM) and fluorescence images excited by wavelength of 365 nm. In the EEM of wounds, three main fluorescence peaks were observed, and the intensity decreased with time after wounding. The reddish color due to chlorophyll in fluorescence images also decreased with healing process. In addition, microscopic observation of the wounded tissue using a confocal laser microscope showed that the intensity of lignin or suberin like fluorescence increased with healing time, which might have blocked the excitation light. These results suggest that UV-excited fluorescence can be a new indicator of the healing ability of plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshito Saito
- Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 2-no-cho, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
| | - Yuma Ito
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Terufumi Tada
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan
| | - Aina Shoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Naoshi Kondo
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Taniyoshi K, Tanaka Y, Adachi S, Shiraiwa T. Anisohydric characteristics of a rice genotype 'ARC 11094' contribute to increased photosynthetic carbon fixation in response to high light. Physiol Plant 2022; 174:e13825. [PMID: 36377050 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic induction, which is the response of the CO2 assimilation rate to a stepwise increase in light intensity, potentially affects plant carbon gain and crop productivity in field environments. Although natural variations in photosynthetic induction are determined by CO2 supply and its fixation, detailed factors, especially CO2 supply, are unclear. This study investigated photosynthesis at steady and non-steady states in three rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes: ARC 11094, Takanari and Koshihikari. Stomatal traits and water relations in the plants were evaluated to characterise CO2 supply. Photosynthetic induction in ARC 11094 and Takanari was superior to that in Koshihikari owing to an efficient CO2 supply. The CO2 supply in Takanari is attributed to its high stomatal density, small guard cell length and extensive root mass, whereas that in ARC 11094 is attributed to its high stomatal conductance per stoma and stomatal opening in leaves with insufficient water (i.e., anisohydric stomatal behaviour). Our results suggest that there are various mechanisms for realising an efficient CO2 supply during the induction response. These characteristics can be useful for improving photosynthetic induction and, thus, crop productivity in field environments in future breeding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Adachi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Shamim MJ, Kaga A, Tanaka Y, Yamatani H, Shiraiwa T. Analysis of Physiological Variations and Genetic Architecture for Photosynthetic Capacity of Japanese Soybean Germplasm. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:910527. [PMID: 35845665 PMCID: PMC9278873 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.910527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The culmination of conventional yield improving parameters has widened the margin between food demand and crop yield, leaving the potential yield productivity to be bridged by the manipulation of photosynthetic processes in plants. Efficient strategies to assess photosynthetic capacity in crops need to be developed to identify suitable targets that have the potential to improve photosynthetic efficiencies. Here, we assessed the photosynthetic capacity of the Japanese soybean mini core collection (GmJMC) using a newly developed high-throughput photosynthesis measurement system "MIC-100" to analyze physiological mechanisms and genetic architecture underpinning photosynthesis. K-means clustering of light-saturated photosynthesis (Asat ) classified GmJMC accessions into four distinct clusters with Cluster2 comprised of highly photosynthesizing accessions. Genome-wide association analysis based on the variation of Asat revealed a significant association with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on chromosome 17. Among the candidate genes related to photosynthesis in the genomic region, variation in expression of a gene encoding G protein alpha subunit 1 (GPA1) showed a strong correlation (r = 0.72, p < 0.01) with that of Asat . Among GmJMC accessions, GmJMC47 was characterized by the highest Asat , stomatal conductance (gs ), stomatal density (SDensity ), electron transfer rate (ETR), and light use efficiency of photosystem II (Fv'/Fm') and the lowest non-photochemical quenching [NPQ(t)], indicating that GmJMC47 has greater CO2 supply and efficient light-harvesting systems. These results provide strong evidence that exploration of plant germplasm is a useful strategy to unlock the potential of resource use efficiencies for photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jan Shamim
- Laboratory of Crop Science, Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akito Kaga
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yu Tanaka
- Laboratory of Crop Science, Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamatani
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Laboratory of Crop Science, Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Yamazaki R, Katsube-Tanaka T, Ogiso-Tanaka E, Kawasaki Y, Shiraiwa T. High source-sink ratio at and after sink capacity formation promotes green stem disorder in soybean. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10440. [PMID: 35729247 PMCID: PMC9213405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Green stem disorder (GSD) of soybean is characterized by delayed leaf and stem maturation despite normal pod maturation. Previous studies have suggested that GSD occurrence is promoted by a high source-sink ratio, which is produced by thinning or shade removal at the R5 growth stage (the beginning of seed filling). Here the effects of different times and durations of shade removal after the R5 stage on GSD severity were analyzed. First, shade removal for more than 28 days after R5 increased GSD severity by more than 0.4 point in GSD score. Thinning treatment at R5 increased specific leaf weight by 23%, suppressed stem dry weight reduction, and upregulated 19 genes including those encoding vegetative storage proteins at R5 + 28d, indicating excess source ability relative to sink size. On the contrary, shade removal for 14 days after R5 decreased GSD severity by 0.5 point in GSD score. In this treatment, seed size was smaller, while seed number was significantly larger than control, suggesting that shortage of source ability relative to sink size. These results implied that soybean plants regulate GSD occurrences either positively or negatively according to a source-sink ratio during the R5 to R5 + 28d growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yamazaki
- Western Region Agricultural Research Center (Kinki, Chugoku, and Shikoku Regions), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 6-12-1 Nishifukatsu-cho, Fukuyama-shi, Hiroshima, 721-8514, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Katsube-Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Eri Ogiso-Tanaka
- Institute of Crop Science (NICS), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Western Region Agricultural Research Center (Kinki, Chugoku, and Shikoku Regions), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 6-12-1 Nishifukatsu-cho, Fukuyama-shi, Hiroshima, 721-8514, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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Fujisao K, Khanthavong P, Oudthachit S, Matsumoto N, Homma K, Asai H, Shiraiwa T. Impacts of the continuous maize cultivation on soil properties in Sainyabuli province, Laos. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11231. [PMID: 32641775 PMCID: PMC7343792 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In tropical mountainous areas, soil degradation and yield decrease have been anticipated due to conversion from shifting to continuous cultivation and the introduction of cash crops. In our previous report, we quantified the decrease in maize yield under continuous cultivation in farmers’ fields in Laos. In this report, we focused on soil nutritional conditions under continuous cultivation in the farmers’ fields. For the purpose, twelve soil properties were investigated over two years from three sample sites in each of the 40 farmers’ fields with the duration of continuous cultivation varying from 1 to 30 years. Total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, and exchangeable calcium in the soil decreased with increasing duration of continuous cultivation in the sloped fields. These soil nutrients decreased to around half of the initial content in these 30 years. However, the decreasing rates of TC and TN were negligible in the flat fields. Other soil properties such as clay and exchangeable magnesium were not related to the duration of continuous cultivation in both sloped and flat fields. The reduction in maize yield was mainly explained by TC, but the determination coefficient was only 0.24. Although further analysis is required to quantify the effect of soil nutrients on maize production, the development of integrated soil management would be necessary in the sloped fields for sustainable crop production in the study site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Fujisao
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Phanthasin Khanthavong
- National Agriculture and Forest Research Institute, 811, Nongvienkham, Xaythany, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic.,The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Saythong Oudthachit
- National Agriculture and Forest Research Institute, 811, Nongvienkham, Xaythany, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Naruo Matsumoto
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Koki Homma
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.
| | - Hidetoshi Asai
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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Sakoda K, Kaga A, Tanaka Y, Suzuki S, Fujii K, Ishimoto M, Shiraiwa T. Two novel quantitative trait loci affecting the variation in leaf photosynthetic capacity among soybeans. Plant Sci 2020; 291:110300. [PMID: 31928682 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
There is a large variation in CO2 assimilation rate per unit of leaf area (A) within or among crop species, which can be exploited to improve A by elucidating the mechanisms underlying such variation. The objective of the present study is to elucidate the genetic factors affecting the variation in leaf photosynthetic capacity among soybeans. Here, we conducted field experiments over three years, using Enrei, a leading variety in Japan, Peking, a landrace from China and the chromosome segment substitution lines derived from their progenies. The gas exchange measurements were conducted to evaluate A among soybean. Peking showed higher A than Enrei after the flowering in all the years. The genetic analysis identified two novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to variation in A, which were located on chromosome 13 (qLPC13) and 20 (qLPC20). The Peking allele at qLPC13 increased A by 8.3 % in the Enrei genetic background, while the Peking allele at qLPC20 decreased A by 15.3 %. The present study is the first report on QTLs affecting a genotypic variation in leaf photosynthetic capacity among field-grown soybeans. The identification of the causal genes in these QTLs can provide a novel strategy to enhance leaf photosynthetic capacity with soybean breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Sakoda
- Crop Science Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan.
| | - Akito Kaga
- Soybean and Field Crop Applied Genomics Research Unit, Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Yu Tanaka
- Crop Science Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; JST, PRESTO, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Seita Suzuki
- Crop Science Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Kenichiro Fujii
- Soybean and Field Crop Applied Genomics Research Unit, Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Masao Ishimoto
- Division of Basic Research, Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518, Japan.
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Crop Science Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Sakoda K, Watanabe T, Sukemura S, Kobayashi S, Nagasaki Y, Tanaka Y, Shiraiwa T. Genetic Diversity in Stomatal Density among Soybeans Elucidated Using High-throughput Technique Based on an Algorithm for Object Detection. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7610. [PMID: 31110228 PMCID: PMC6527681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44127-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The stomatal density (SD) can be a promising target to improve the leaf photosynthesis in soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr). In a conventional SD evaluation, the counting process of the stomata during a manual operation can be time-consuming. We aimed to develop a high-throughput technique for evaluating the SD and elucidating the variation in the SD among various soybean accessions. The central leaflet of the first trifoliolate was sampled, and microscopic images of the leaflet replica were obtained among 90 soybean accessions. The Single Shot MultiBox Detector, an algorithm for an object detection based on deep learning, was introduced to develop an automatic detector of the stomata in the image. The developed detector successfully recognized the stomata in the microscopic image with high-throughput. Using this technique, the value of R2 reached 0.90 when the manually and automatically measured SDs were compared in the 150 images. This technique discovered a variation in SD from 93 ± 3 to 166 ± 4 mm-2 among the 90 accessions. Our detector can be a powerful tool for a SD evaluation with a large-scale population in crop species, accelerating the identification of useful alleles related to the SD in future breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Sakoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoya Watanabe
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shun Sukemura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shunzo Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nagasaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
- JST, PRESTO, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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Soleh MA, Tanaka Y, Kim SY, Huber SC, Sakoda K, Shiraiwa T. Identification of large variation in the photosynthetic induction response among 37 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes that is not correlated with steady-state photosynthetic capacity. Photosynth Res 2017. [PMID: 27878416 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0323-321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Irradiance continuously fluctuates during the day in the field. The speed of the induction response of photosynthesis in high light affects the cumulative carbon gain of the plant and could impact growth and yield. The photosynthetic induction response and its relationship with the photosynthetic capacity under steady-state conditions (P max) were evaluated in 37 diverse soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes. The induction response of leaf photosynthesis showed large variation among the soybean genotypes. After 5 min illumination with strong light, genotype NAM23 had the highest leaf photosynthetic rate of 33.8 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1, while genotype NAM12 showed the lowest rate at 4.7 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1. Cumulative CO2 fixation (CCF) during the first 5 min of high light exposure ranged from 5.5 mmol CO2 m-2 for NAM23 to 0.81 mmol CO2 m-2 for NAM12. The difference in the induction response among genotypes was consistent throughout the growth season. However, there was no significant correlation between CCF and P max among genotypes suggesting that different mechanisms regulate P max and the induction response. The observed variation in the induction response was mainly attributed to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activation, but soybean lines differing in the induction response did not differ in the leaf content of Rubisco activase α- and β-proteins. Future studies will be focused on identifying molecular determinants of the photosynthetic induction response and determining whether this trait could be an important breeding target to achieve improved growth of soybeans in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Soleh
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Y Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - S Y Kim
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA-ARS, and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - S C Huber
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA-ARS, and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - K Sakoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - T Shiraiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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11
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Soleh MA, Tanaka Y, Kim SY, Huber SC, Sakoda K, Shiraiwa T. Identification of large variation in the photosynthetic induction response among 37 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes that is not correlated with steady-state photosynthetic capacity. Photosynth Res 2017; 131:305-315. [PMID: 27878416 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Irradiance continuously fluctuates during the day in the field. The speed of the induction response of photosynthesis in high light affects the cumulative carbon gain of the plant and could impact growth and yield. The photosynthetic induction response and its relationship with the photosynthetic capacity under steady-state conditions (P max) were evaluated in 37 diverse soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes. The induction response of leaf photosynthesis showed large variation among the soybean genotypes. After 5 min illumination with strong light, genotype NAM23 had the highest leaf photosynthetic rate of 33.8 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1, while genotype NAM12 showed the lowest rate at 4.7 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1. Cumulative CO2 fixation (CCF) during the first 5 min of high light exposure ranged from 5.5 mmol CO2 m-2 for NAM23 to 0.81 mmol CO2 m-2 for NAM12. The difference in the induction response among genotypes was consistent throughout the growth season. However, there was no significant correlation between CCF and P max among genotypes suggesting that different mechanisms regulate P max and the induction response. The observed variation in the induction response was mainly attributed to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activation, but soybean lines differing in the induction response did not differ in the leaf content of Rubisco activase α- and β-proteins. Future studies will be focused on identifying molecular determinants of the photosynthetic induction response and determining whether this trait could be an important breeding target to achieve improved growth of soybeans in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Soleh
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Y Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - S Y Kim
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA-ARS, and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - S C Huber
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA-ARS, and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - K Sakoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - T Shiraiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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12
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Takahara M, Shiraiwa T, Katakami N, Matsuoka TA, Shimomura I. Preference in time of insulin injection in type 2 diabetic patients treated with once-daily long-acting insulin analog. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18:1098-1099. [PMID: 27502692 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Takahara
- Department of Diabetes Care Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Shiraiwa
- Shiraiwa Medical Clinic, Kashiwara City, Osaka, Japan
| | - N Katakami
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
| | - T A Matsuoka
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
| | - I Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
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13
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14
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Soleh MA, Tanaka Y, Nomoto Y, Iwahashi Y, Nakashima K, Fukuda Y, Long SP, Shiraiwa T. Factors underlying genotypic differences in the induction of photosynthesis in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr]. Plant Cell Environ 2016; 39:685-93. [PMID: 26538465 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Crop leaves are subject to continually changing light levels in the field. Photosynthetic efficiency of a crop canopy and productivity will depend significantly on how quickly a leaf can acclimate to a change. One measure of speed of response is the rate of photosynthesis increase toward its steady state on transition from low to high light. This rate was measured for seven genotypes of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. After 10 min of illumination, cultivar 'UA4805' (UA) had achieved a leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn ) of 23.2 μmol · m(-2) · s(-1) , close to its steady-state rate, while the slowest cultivar 'Tachinagaha' (Tc) had only reached 13.0 μmol · m(-2) · s(-1) and was still many minutes from obtaining steady state. This difference was further investigated by examining induction at a range of carbon dioxide concentrations. Applying a biochemical model of limitations to photosynthesis to the responses of Pn to intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci ), it was found that the speed of apparent in vivo activation of ribulose-1:5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) was responsible for this difference. Sequence analysis of the Rubisco activase gene revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms that could relate to this difference. The results show a potential route for selection of cultivars with increased photosynthetic efficiency in fluctuating light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mochamad Arief Soleh
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Yu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- The Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 1206 west Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yuko Nomoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yu Iwahashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- The Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 1206 west Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Keiichiro Nakashima
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuko Fukuda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Stephen P Long
- The Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 1206 west Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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15
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Kato S, Fujii K, Yumoto S, Ishimoto M, Shiraiwa T, Sayama T, Kikuchi A, Nishio T. Seed yield and its components of indeterminate and determinate lines in recombinant inbred lines of soybean. Breed Sci 2015; 65:154-60. [PMID: 26069445 PMCID: PMC4430510 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.65.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the benefits of indeterminate growth habit in breeding to improve yield potential of Japanese soybean varieties, which exclusively have determinate growth habit. Two populations of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from crosses between determinate Japanese cultivars and indeterminate US cultivars were grown in Akita and Kyoto, and seed weight per plant (SW) and its components were compared between indeterminate and determinate RILs. The difference of SW between the two growth habits in RILs varied depending on maturation time. The SW of early indeterminate lines was significantly higher than that of early determinate ones in Akita, but not in Kyoto. Among yield components, the number of seeds per pod was constantly larger in indeterminate lines than that in determinate ones irrespective of maturation time. The number of seeds per plant and the number of pods per plant of the indeterminate lines were greater than those of the determinate lines in early maturation in Akita. These results suggest that the indeterminate growth habit is an advantageous characteristic in breeding for high yield of early maturing soybean varieties in the Tohoku region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Kato
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) Tohoku Agricultural Research Center,
Uenodai, Kariwano, Daisen, Akita 019-2112,
Japan
| | - Kenichiro Fujii
- National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS),
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,
Japan
| | - Setsuzo Yumoto
- NARO Institute of Crop Science,
2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518,
Japan
| | - Masao Ishimoto
- National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS),
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,
Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University,
Oiwake, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502,
Japan
| | - Takashi Sayama
- National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS),
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,
Japan
| | - Akio Kikuchi
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) Tohoku Agricultural Research Center,
Uenodai, Kariwano, Daisen, Akita 019-2112,
Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishio
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University,
1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8555,
Japan
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
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16
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Kato S, Sayama T, Fujii K, Yumoto S, Kono Y, Hwang TY, Kikuchi A, Takada Y, Tanaka Y, Shiraiwa T, Ishimoto M. A major and stable QTL associated with seed weight in soybean across multiple environments and genetic backgrounds. Theor Appl Genet 2014; 127:1365-74. [PMID: 24718925 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-014-2304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE We detected a QTL for single seed weight in soybean that was stable across multiple environments and genetic backgrounds with the use of two recombinant inbred line populations. Single seed weight (SSW) in soybean is a key determinant of both seed yield and the quality of soy food products, and it exhibits wide variation. SSW is under genetic control, but the molecular mechanisms of such control remain unclear. We have now investigated quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for SSW in soybean and have identified such a QTL that is stable across multiple environments and genetic backgrounds. Two populations of 225 and 250 recombinant inbred lines were developed from crosses between Japanese and US cultivars of soybean that differ in SSW by a factor of ~2, and these populations were grown in at least three different environments. A whole-genome panel comprising 304 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci was applied to mapping in each population. We identified 15 significant QTLs for SSW dispersed among 11 chromosomes in the two populations. One QTL located between Sat_284 and Sat_292 on chromosome 17 was detected (3.6 < LOD < 14.1) in both populations grown in all environments. This QTL, tentatively designated qSw17-1, accounted for 9.4-20.9 % of phenotypic variation in SSW, with a dominant allele being associated with increased SSW. Given its substantial effect on SSW, qSw17-1 is an attractive target for positional cloning, and SSR markers closely associated with this locus may prove useful for marker-assisted selection for SSW control in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Kato
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) Tohoku Region Agricultural Research Center, 297 Uenodai, Kariwano, Daisen, Akita, 019-2112, Japan
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17
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Takahara M, Shiraiwa T, Kaneto H, Yasuda T, Kuroda A, Sakamoto F, Naka T, Miyashita K, Sakamoto K, Matsuoka T, Shimomura I, Matsuhisa M. Improvement of psoriatic arthritis by pioglitazone treatment in a type 2 diabetic patient. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2010; 90:e9-e10. [PMID: 20816261 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2010.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Maruyama T, Sato K, Mizutani Y, Tanioku K, Shiraiwa T, Naritsuka S. Low-temperature synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes by alcohol gas source growth in high vacuum. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2010; 10:4095-4101. [PMID: 20355421 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2010.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) growth was carried out on SiO2/Si substrates with a Co catalyst using an alcohol gas source method in an ultra-high vacuum chamber. The resulting CNTs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Reducing the ethanol pressure decreased the optimum growth temperature for maximum yield, enabling single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) growth at 400 degrees C. By employing an Al2Ox buffer layer, SWNT yield increased several times, even at 400 degrees C. Under TEM observation, the Co particle size on the Al2Ox layers did not show a significant dependence on the growth temperature between 400 and 700 degrees C. Raman and TEM results confirmed activation of Co particles with larger diameter (>1 nm) by the Al2Ox buffer layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Maruyama
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
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19
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Tanaka Y, Shiraiwa T. Stem growth habit affects leaf morphology and gas exchange traits in soybean. Ann Bot 2009; 104:1293-9. [PMID: 19767605 PMCID: PMC2778388 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcp240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS The stem growth habit, determinate or indeterminate, of soybean, Glycine max, varieties affects various plant morphological and developmental traits. The objective of this study is to identify the effect of stem growth habit in soybean on the stomatal conductance of single leaves in relation to their leaf morphology in order to better understand the ecological and agronomic significance of this plant trait. METHODS The stomatal conductance of leaves on the main stem was measured periodically under favourable field conditions to evaluate g(max), defined as the maximum stomatal conductance at full leaf expansion, for four varieties of soybean and their respective determinate or indeterminate near isogenic lines (NILs). Leaf morphological traits including stomatal density, guard cell length and vein density were also measured. KEY RESULTS The value of g(max) ranged from 0.383 to 0.754 mol H(2)O m(-2) s(-1) across all the genotypes for both years. For the four pairs of varieties, the indeterminate lines exhibited significantly greater g(max), stomatal density, numbers of epidermal cells per unit area and total vein length per unit area than their respective determinate NILs in both years. The guard cell length, leaf mass per area and single leaf size all tended to be greater in the determinate types. The variation of g(max) across genotypes and years was well explained by the product of stomatal density and guard cell length (r = 0.86, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The indeterminate stem growth habit resulted in a greater maximum stomatal conductance for soybean than the determinate habit, and this was attributed to the differences in leaf structure. This raises the further hypothesis that the difference in stem growth habit results in different water use characteristics of soybean plants in the field. Stomatal conductance under favourable conditions can be modified by leaf morphological traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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20
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Kanemura T, Homma K, Ohsumi A, Shiraiwa T, Horie T. Evaluation of genotypic variation in leaf photosynthetic rate and its associated factors by using rice diversity research set of germplasm. Photosynth Res 2007; 94:23-30. [PMID: 17659450 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-007-9208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2006] [Accepted: 05/28/2007] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate genotypic variation, we measured leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) and its associated factors for the rice diversity research set of germplasm (RDRS) selected from the Genebank in National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS). Pn showed large genotypic variation from 11.9 to 32.1 micromol m(-2 )s(-1). The variation in stomatal conductance to CO2 (Gs) explained about 50% of that in Pn, while that in nitrogen concentration (N) in leaves explained about 35%. The genotype group which mainly consists of aus type indica tended to have higher Gs, and the genotype group which corresponds to japonica had a higher nitrogen concentration (N) in leaves. The relationships of Pn with Gs and N were not significantly different among genotype groups, suggesting photosynthetic efficiencies are similar among genotype groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Kanemura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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21
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Ohsumi A, Hamasaki A, Nakagawa H, Yoshida H, Shiraiwa T, Horie T. A model explaining genotypic and ontogenetic variation of leaf photosynthetic rate in rice (Oryza sativa) based on leaf nitrogen content and stomatal conductance. Ann Bot 2007; 99:265-73. [PMID: 17204541 PMCID: PMC2802993 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcl253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS Identification of physiological traits associated with leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) is important for improving potential productivity of rice (Oryza sativa). The objectives of this study were to develop a model which can explain genotypic variation and ontogenetic change of Pn in rice under optimal conditions as a function of leaf nitrogen content per unit area (N) and stomatal conductance (g(s)), and to quantify the effects of interaction between N and g(s) on the variation of Pn. METHODS Pn, N and g(s) were measured at different developmental stages for the topmost fully expanded leaves in ten rice genotypes with diverse backgrounds grown in pots (2002) and in the field (2001 and 2002). A model of Pn that accounts for carboxylation and CO diffusion processes, and assumes that the ratio of internal conductance to g(s) is constant, was constructed, and its goodness of fit was examined. KEY RESULTS Considerable genotypic differences in Pn were evident for rice throughout development in both the pot and field experiments. The genotypic variation of Pn was correlated with that of g(s) at a given stage, and the change of Pn with plant development was closely related to the change of N. The variation of g(s) among genotypes was independent of that of N. The model explained well the variation in Pn of the ten genotypes grown under different conditions at different developmental stages. Conclusions The response of Pn to increased N differs with g(s), and the increase in Pn of genotypes with low g(s) is smaller than that of genotypes with high g(s). Therefore, simultaneous improvements of these two traits are essential for an effective breeding of rice genotypes with increased Pn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ohsumi
- Division of Agronomy, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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22
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Kawatsu S, Homma K, Horie T, Shiraiwa T. Change of Weather Condition and its Effect on Rice Production during the Past 40 Years in Japan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1626/jcs.76.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Horie T, Matsuura S, Takai T, Kuwasaki K, Ohsumi A, Shiraiwa T. Genotypic difference in canopy diffusive conductance measured by a new remote-sensing method and its association with the difference in rice yield potential. Plant Cell Environ 2006; 29:653-60. [PMID: 17080615 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01445.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
There have been few practical ways of measuring physiological determinants of rice yield. Rapid evaluation of yield determination traits may expedite breeding of high-yielding rice. Here, we report a new remote-sensing technique for the evaluation of canopy ecophysiological status under field conditions developed based on simultaneous measurements of sunlit and suddenly shaded canopy temperatures. This technique has the advantage of instantaneous estimation of aerodynamic resistance (r(a)) and canopy diffusive resistance (r(c) without measuring wind velocity. Canopy diffusive conductance (1 / r(c)) estimated by the remote sensing method was closely related to leaf stomatal conductance (g(s)) measured with a portable gas exchange system. This result supported the validity of this new method for quantitative estimation of canopy physiological characteristics. Significant genotypic differences were obtained in canopy-air temperature difference (Tc-Ta), r(c) and 1 / r(c) during the 2-week period preceding full heading for two years, and 1 / r(c) was highly correlated with crop growth rate (CGR), which was closely related to the final yield. These results suggest that 1 / r(c) can be an effective criterion for the selection of high-yielding rice genotypes, and the remote sensing technique proposed here can be a powerful tool for the rapid evaluation of 1 / r(c) under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Horie
- Laboratory of Crop Science, Division of Agronomy, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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24
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Takai T, Fukuta Y, Shiraiwa T, Horie T. Time-related mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling grain-filling in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Exp Bot 2005; 56:2107-18. [PMID: 15983016 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eri209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Grain-filling is a crucial process that determines final grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). To understand the genetic basis of dynamics of grain-filling, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was conducted using time-related phenotypic data on grain-filling collected from a population of 155 recombinant inbred lines (F12), derived from a cross between Milyang 23 and Akihikari. Two QTLs detected on chromosomes 8 and 12 were strongly associated with increased filling percentage per panicle. These QTLs were not linked with those controlling spikelet numbers per panicle. This result confers the possibility of improving grain-filling together with an enlargement of sink size. The QTL for filling percentage per panicle on chromosome 8 exactly overlapped that for non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) content in the culm and leaf sheaths during grain-filling, and the Milyang 23 allele associated with increased grain-filling percentage per panicle was associated with decreased NSC content. Therefore, this QTL may be directly involved in NSC translocation from the culm and leaf sheaths to panicle. In addition, the Milyang 23 alleles of QTLs associated with greater spikelet number per panicle on chromosomes 1 and 6 were also related with a reduction in NSC content in the culm and leaf sheaths during grain-filling. These results indicate that NSC dynamics during grain-filling is partly dependent on sink size. NSC accumulation in the culm and leaf sheaths at the heading stage was mainly controlled by different genetic regulations from NSC dynamics during grain-filling. Nitrogen dynamics during grain-filling may also be involved in carbohydrate dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Takai
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Mochizuki A, Shiraiwa T, Nakagawa H, Horie T. The Effect of Temperature during the Reproductive Period on Development of Reproductive Organs and the Occurrence of Delayed Stem Senescence in Soybean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1626/jcs.74.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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d'Orsi E, Chor D, Giffin K, Barbosa GP, Angulo-Tuesta AJ, Gama AS, Pessoa LG, Shiraiwa T, Fonseca MJ. Factors associated with vaginal birth after cesarean in a maternity hospital of Rio de Janeiro. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2001; 97:152-7. [PMID: 11451540 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-2115(00)00523-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Identifying characteristics associated with vaginal birth after cesarean. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study based on medical records. STUDY POPULATION women with previous cesarean, who had delivered in a public Rio de Janeiro maternity hospital between 1992 and 1996. SAMPLE 141 cases (vaginal births after cesarean) and 304 controls (a new cesarean after other(s)). Multivariate analysis with logistic regression was carried out. RESULTS The following characteristics were associated with greater probability of vaginal birth (IC=95%): only one previous cesarean (OR=19.05; IC=6.88-52.76); cervical dilatation at admission above 3 cm (OR=8.86; IC=4.93-15.94); gestational age below 37 weeks (OR=3.01; IC=1.40-6.46); history of at least one previous vaginal birth (OR=2.12; IC=1.18-3.82); level of education below high school (OR=1.94; IC=1.02-3.69). Chronic hypertension reduced the chances of vaginal birth (OR=0.44; IC=0.22-0.88). CONCLUSIONS Among the factors that can be modified to reduce the number of repeated cesareans are: trial of labor promotion, reducing admission of women at early stages of labor and adequate hypertension management during pregnancy. CONDENSATION Among the factors that can be modified to reduce the number of repeated cesareans are: the trial of labor promotion for women who present previous cesarean, reducing admission of women at early stages of labor and adequate hypertension management during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E d'Orsi
- Rua Liberato Carioni 406, Lagoa da Conceição CEP 88062220, SC, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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Arakawa R, Kobayashi M, Fukuo T, Shiraiwa T. Studies on the association of 2-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid and antimony potassium tartrate: chiral recognition and prediction of absolute configuration by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2001; 15:685-9. [PMID: 11319790 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Optically active 2-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid (2-THC), a substrate for D-amino acid oxidase in animal kidney, is known to undergo racemization quickly in solution. The association of (+)- and (-)-2-THC with antimony potassium tartrate K(2)[Sb(2)(L or D-tart)(2)] was studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). We observed that relative intensities of associated ions in acetonitrile/water solution were changing as the racemization progressed. For [Sb(2)(L-tart)(2)](2-), the intensities of the associated ions increased as (+)-2-THC underwent racemization to a (-)-isomer; on the other hand, the intensity of the associated ion decreased as (-)-2-THC underwent racemization to a (+)-isomer. In the case of [Sb(2)(D-tart)(2)](2-), an opposite effect on the intensities of the associated ions was observed. The change in the intensities of associated ions can be used for chiral recognition of (+)-2-THC and (-)-2THC. Stereochemical models of the association of the optical isomers with [Sb(2)(L- or D-tart)(2)](2-) were constructed from the consideration of both hydrogen bonding of NH-O functions and HSAB (hard and soft acids and bases) interaction of S and Sb atoms. Comparison of the stereochemical models with the ESI-MS results enabled us to predict the absolute configurations of the 2-THC isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan.
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Abstract
To characterize genes involved in olfactory responses to chemical attractants, we screened 3000 P-element-tagged lines for their attraction to ethanol. Ten lines showed reduced levels of response, and revertants of these lines were obtained by excising the inserted P-element. The olfactory response of one line reverted to wild-type behavior compared to the original mutant line. The gene affected by this P-lacW insertion was named geko (gk). A 1.3-kb transcript was found to emanate from close to the P-insertion site, and the 5' upstream region was interrupted by the P-element. The amount of mRNA of gk gene in the P-lacW inserted line was about half that of the control strain. The response to ethanol of the gk(1) mutant was restored by transforming the genomic region containing this transcription unit. lacZ expression (stemming from this reporter-gene's presence in the transposon) was observed in the antenna and the antennal-maxillary complex (the olfactory organ of adults and larvae, respectively). gk mRNA was detected at the antenna and from other parts of the body. The deduced gk product showed no overall similarity to any reported amino-acid sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shiraiwa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science; Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
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Shiraiwa T, Tadokoro K, Ishikawa J, Tanaka H, Masaki T, Kurokawa H. Synthesis of four stereoisomers of 1,4-thiazane-3-carboxylic acid 1-oxide via the asymmetric transformation (combined isomerization-preferential crystallization) of 1,4-thiazane-3-carboxylic acid. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000; 64:341-7. [PMID: 10737191 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.64.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In order to synthesize four stereoisomers of 1,4-thiazane-3-carboxylic acid 1-oxide (TCA SO), (S)-1,4thiazane-3-carboxylic acid [(S)-TCA], which is one of the precursors, was prepared by the asymmetric transformation (combined isomerization-preferential crystallization) of (RS)-TCA. This asymmetric transformation was used (2R, 3R)-tartaric acid [(R)-TA] as a resolving agent and salicylaldehyde as the epimerization catalyst in propanoic acid at 110 degrees C to afford a salt of (S)-TCA with (R)-TA in 100% de with a yield of over 90%. Optically pure (S)-TCA was obtained by treating the salt with triethylamine in methanol in a yield of over 80%, based on (RS)-TCA as the starting material. In addition, asymmetric transformation of (R)-TCA gave (S)-TCA in a yield of 60-70%. (S)-TCA was oxidized by hydrogen peroxide in dilute hydrochloric acid to selectively crystallize (1S, 3S)-TCA.SO. (1R, 3S)-TCA SO of 70% de from the filtrate was allowed to form a salt with (R)-TA after a treatment with triethylamine to give (1R, 3S)-TCA SO as a single diastereoisomer. (1R, 3R)- and (1S, 3R)-TCA.SO were also prepared by starting from (R)-TCA that had been synthesized from L-cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shiraiwa
- Chemical Branch, Faculty of Engineering and Kansai University High Technology Research Center, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Barbieri MA, Batista NA, Borgend SM, Shiraiwa T, Gawryzewski V, Braz M, Riveoredo CF, Tavares MF. [Post graduate studies in child health--a new teaching proposal]. J Pediatr (Rio J) 1994; 70:115-20. [PMID: 14727607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
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Carvalho MS, D'Orsi E, Prates EC, Toschi WD, Shiraiwa T, Campos TP, Ell E, Garcia NL, Junqueira AP, Serrão SA, Tavares EL. Demanda ambulatorial em três serviços da rede pública do município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 1994; 10:17-29. [PMID: 15094915 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x1994000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A fim de se conhecer o perfil demográfico e nosológico da clientela, bem como avaliar a qualidade dos registros das consultas em prontuário, realizou-se um estudo de demanda em três serviços da rede pública dois ambulatoriais e um de urgência localizados na X Região Administrativa do município do Rio de Janeiro, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A amostra obtida foi de 2.029 pacientes, com 3.980 consultas realizadas no período de 1 de outubro de 1990 a 30 de setembro de 1991. Os diagnósticos foram codificados pela 9º revisão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças. Cerca de 60% dos atendimentos foram prestados a mulheres, mais de metade entre 15 e 49 anos. Crianças menores de 10 anos representaram 28% do total de atendimentos. Grande parte da demanda (38%) é formada pela população favelada da área. A qualidade dos registros da consulta em prontuário foi precária, faltando importantes informações. Os diagnósticos mais freqüentes foram classificados no capítulo XVI afecções maldefinidas, seguindo-se as doenças respiratórias, infecciosas, geniturinárias e circulatórias. Nos serviços ambulatoriais foi grande a procura por ações preventivas, como consulta de pré-natal e puericultura, inclusive na unidade que historicamente realizava apenas ações curativas. No serviço de urgência predominou o atendimento por causas externas. Entre os diagnósticos específicos mais freqüentes estão as infecções respiratórias agudas, a hipertensão arterial, problemas ginecológicos, consultas de pré-natal e doenças de pele. Não há registro de referência para outros serviços. A precariedade do registro médico traz prejuízos à assistência. A utilização destes registros, ainda que criticamente, é fundamental para melhorá-los.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Carvalho
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brasil
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa
- Queensland Dep. of Primary IndustriesP.O. Box 102ToowoombaAustralia
- Shiga Prefectural Junior CollegeShiga525Japan
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Shiraiwa T, Umeda R. [Examination of the olfactory sense]. Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 1973; 76:267-70. [PMID: 4738247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Shiraiwa T, Horiguchi N, Kitajima S. [Laryngeal movement in man--dynamic correlation between intrinsic laryngeal muscles and the crico-cartilage and arytenoid cartilage]. Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 1970; 73:1170-1171. [PMID: 5466831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Shiraiwa T, Imakire M, Kitamura S, Amano M, Mori K. [Lymphoid flow in the nasal cavity. 2. Distribution of the lymphatic vessels and the blood vessels in the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity]. Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 1970; 73:Suppl:1152-3. [PMID: 5466824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Shiraiwa T, Suzuki K, Shiota Y, Okuyama T. [Case of early cancer of the duodenal papilla treated by transduodenal papillectomy]. Gan No Rinsho 1966; 12:763-8. [PMID: 6010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Watanabe N, Iwamatsu M, Ikeda Y, Shiraiwa T, Otaki R. [Operative technic for diaphragmatic atony]. Shujutsu 1966; 20:318-22. [PMID: 5960571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Shiraiwa T. [Statistical observation of vertigo]. Jibiinkoka 1966; 38:197-200. [PMID: 5948357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Honda K, Kayaba T, Motoki R, Saito M, Koseki M, Abe T, Hata A, Shiraiwa T. Surgical treatment of upper and middle esophageal cancer: an improved method. Fukushima J Med Sci 1965; 12:23-33. [PMID: 5863486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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