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Carvalho JDS, Ramadan D, de Paiva Gonçalves V, Maquera-Huacho PM, Assis RP, Lima TFO, Brunetti IL, Spolidorio DMP, Cesar T, Manthey JA, Spolidorio LC. Impact of citrus flavonoid supplementation on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontal disease in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:5007-5017. [PMID: 33950049 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03338c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In general, the consumption of flavonoid-rich foods may influence the control/dysregulation of the magnitude and duration of inflammation and oxidative stress, which are known to contribute to multiple pathologies. Information regarding the impact of citrus flavonoid dietary supplementation on periodontal disease is still scarce. Herein, we investigated whether a diet supplemented with eriocitrin and eriodictyol could alter the course of the inflammatory response associated with LPS-induced periodontal disease in mice. Sixty BALB/c mice received a standard diet or a diet supplemented with different concentrations of eriocitrin or eriodictyol. After 30 days of food supplementation, a solution containing LPS from Escherichia coli was injected into the gingival tissues three times per week for four weeks. Neutrophils, mononuclear cells and eosinophils were assessed using a severity analysis system in H&E-stained sections and modified picrosirius red. The activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a marker of granulocyte infiltration, and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) were determined spectrophotometrically. The oxidative damage was determined by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and anti-oxidative activity through the assessment of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Interleukin (IL)-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 were quantified by multiplex immunoassay. Periodontal inflammation was significantly inhibited by citrus flavonoid supplementation, including reduced flatness of the gingival epithelium and chronic and acute inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as loss of connective tissue in the gingival papillae. Both eriocitrin and eriodictyol inhibited gingival IL-1β and TNF-α and increased IL-10 secondary to periodontitis. Significant protection and decreased MPO and EPO activity were detected in the periodontal tissue of citrus flavonoid-treated animals. In comparison with the LPS group, SOD, CAT and GPx activities were increased, while the MDA content was reduced, indicating decreased oxidative damage. These results suggest that a diet supplemented with the citrus flavonoids eriocitrin or eriodictyol may aid in the prevention of periodontitis, representing a potential method to enhance local immunity and host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatan de Souza Carvalho
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dania Ramadan
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinícius de Paiva Gonçalves
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Renata Pires Assis
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayra Ferreira Oliveira Lima
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Cesar
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - John A Manthey
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 2001 South Rock Road/Port Fierce, FL 34945, USA
| | - Luís Carlos Spolidorio
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Inacio MD, Costa MC, Lima TFO, Figueiredo ID, Motta BP, Spolidorio LC, Assis RP, Brunetti IL, Baviera AM. Pentoxifylline mitigates renal glycoxidative stress in obese mice by inhibiting AGE/RAGE signaling and increasing glyoxalase levels. Life Sci 2020; 258:118196. [PMID: 32763295 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM The pharmacological properties of pentoxifylline have been re-evaluated, particularly in chronic kidney disease in diabetes, favored by its anti-inflammatory action. Definitive evidences of renal outcomes are lacking, which indicates the need for investigation of novel mechanisms of action of pentoxifylline. We postulated that components associated with the metabolism of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) may be modulated by pentoxifylline, which consequently decreases the detrimental effects of obesity on kidneys. MAIN METHODS C57BL-6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 14 weeks and treated with 50 mg/kg pentoxifylline during the last 7 weeks. Changes in the renal levels of AGE metabolism-associated components were investigated, with particular focus on the receptor for AGEs (RAGE), its downstream components, and components related to AGE detoxification, including glyoxalase 1 (GLO 1). KEY FINDINGS Pentoxifylline reduced body weight gain, improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, downregulated biomarkers of glycoxidative stress, and enhanced plasma paraoxonase 1 activity. In the kidneys, pentoxifylline inhibited glomerular expansion, lipid deposition, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and induced the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Pentoxifylline inhibited the renal accumulation of AGEs and reduced the levels of RAGE and its downstream components, and consequently mitigated oxidative stress and apoptosis. Pentoxifylline also increased the renal levels of GLO 1 and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Urinary albumin levels were observed to be lowered, which reconfirmed the antialbuminuric effects of pentoxifylline. SIGNIFICANCE The novel mechanisms of action help explain the renoprotective effects of pentoxifylline and the attenuation of obesity-associated renal complications related to glycoxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiara Destro Inacio
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Campos Costa
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayra Ferreira Oliveira Lima
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Delbone Figueiredo
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Pereira Motta
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Spolidorio
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Pires Assis
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil; Paulista University (UNIP), Institute of Health Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Martins Baviera
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Costa MC, Lima TFO, Arcaro CA, Inacio MD, Batista-Duharte A, Carlos IZ, Spolidorio LC, Assis RP, Brunetti IL, Baviera AM. Trigonelline and curcumin alone, but not in combination, counteract oxidative stress and inflammation and increase glycation product detoxification in the liver and kidney of mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 76:108303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Figueiredo ID, Lima TFO, Inácio MD, Costa MC, Assis RP, Brunetti IL, Baviera AM. Lycopene Improves the Metformin Effects on Glycemic Control and Decreases Biomarkers of Glycoxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3117-3135. [PMID: 32982345 PMCID: PMC7495351 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s265944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress and exacerbated generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) participate in the onset of diabetic complications. Lycopene is a potent antioxidant; evidence accounts for its ability to mitigate diabetic disturbances, including the deleterious events of advanced glycation. Therefore, this carotenoid has emerged as a candidate to be used in combination with antidiabetic drugs, such as metformin, attempting to counteract the glycoxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of the treatments with lycopene or metformin, alone or in combination, on glycoxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant defenses in diabetic rats. METHODS Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated for 35 days with lycopene (45 mg/kg) or metformin (250 mg/kg), alone or as mixtures in yoghurt. Plasma levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyl groups (biomarkers of oxidative damage), fluorescent AGEs (biomarkers of advanced glycation), and paraoxonase 1 activity (antioxidant enzyme) were assessed. Changes in the hepatic and renal levels of glycoxidative damage biomarkers and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were investigated. RESULTS The combination of lycopene with metformin maintained the beneficial effects of the isolated treatments, improving the glucose tolerance and lipid profile, lessening biomarkers of oxidative damage, and increasing the paraoxonase 1 activity. Besides, the combined therapy caused further decreases in postprandial glycemia, plasma levels of cholesterol and AGEs, avoided lipid peroxidation (plasma, kidney), and increased antioxidant defenses, mainly the activity of superoxide dismutase (liver, kidney), indicating the maintenance of the lycopene effects. CONCLUSION Lycopene combined with metformin may act synergistically in the control of postprandial glycemia, dyslipidemia and glycoxidative stress, as well as increased antioxidant defenses, arising as a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Delbone Figueiredo
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayra Ferreira Oliveira Lima
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maiara Destro Inácio
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Campos Costa
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Pires Assis
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Martins Baviera
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence: Amanda Martins Baviera Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, Km 01 – s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São PauloCEP 14800-903, BrazilTel +55 16 3301 5717Fax +55 16 3322 0073 Email
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Gutierres VO, Assis RP, Arcaro CA, Oliveira JO, Lima TFO, Beretta ALRZ, Costa PI, Baviera AM, Brunetti IL. Curcumin improves the effect of a reduced insulin dose on glycemic control and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Phytother Res 2019; 33:976-988. [PMID: 30656757 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Insulin with natural antioxidants is emerging as a combination treatment for diabetes mellitus that attempts to exert effective glycemic control without adverse effects. The present study aimed to investigate the additive effects on metabolic disturbances, oxidative damage, and antioxidant defenses in streptozotocin-diabetic rats treated with curcumin and a reduced insulin dose. The best results were obtained in the treatment of diabetic rats with 4-U/day insulin; however, the glycemia levels in these rats were lower than those in normal rats, indicating a risk of hypoglycemia. Isolated treatments using curcumin or insulin in a reduced dose (1 U/day) decreased glycemia, dyslipidemia, and biomarkers of liver and kidney damage and increased the activity of hepatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase), however, only to a lesser extent than 4-U/day insulin, without improvements in catalase activity or plasma lipid peroxidation. Decreases in glycemia, dyslipidemia, and tissue damage markers were more evident in the curcumin + 1-U/day insulin treatment than those seen in isolated treatments. The activity of hepatic antioxidants, including catalase, was further increased, and biomarkers of oxidative damage were decreased. Curcumin with a reduced insulin dose appears to be a promising strategy for combating the complications associated with diabetes and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Ortega Gutierres
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences Hermínio Ometto University Center, UNIARARAS, 7 Av. Dr. Maximiliano Baruto, 500, CEP 13607-339, Araras, SP
| | - Renata Pires Assis
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Arcaro
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Oriel Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayra Ferreira Oliveira Lima
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Laura Remédio Zeni Beretta
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences Hermínio Ometto University Center, UNIARARAS, 7 Av. Dr. Maximiliano Baruto, 500, CEP 13607-339, Araras, SP
| | - Paulo Inácio Costa
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Martins Baviera
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Roxo DF, Arcaro CA, Gutierres VO, Costa MC, Oliveira JO, Lima TFO, Assis RP, Brunetti IL, Baviera AM. Curcumin combined with metformin decreases glycemia and dyslipidemia, and increases paraoxonase activity in diabetic rats. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:33. [PMID: 31061679 PMCID: PMC6492331 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination of current antidiabetic agents with natural antioxidants to manage diabetes mellitus and its complications has appeared as an emerging trend. Curcumin, a yellow pigment isolated from Curcuma longa rhizomes, has gained attention due to its beneficial effects in controlling the disturbances observed in diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate if yoghurt enriched with curcumin and metformin, individually or as mixtures, ameliorates physiometabolic parameters, glycoxidative stress biomarkers, and paraoxonase 1 (PON 1) activity in diabetic rats. METHODS Streptozotocin-diabetic rats (6-week-old Wistar rats) were treated for 30 days with curcumin and metformin, isolated or as mixtures in yoghurt (10 rats/group). After treatments, the plasma levels of glucose, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, a biomarker of lipid oxidation), fluorescent advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and the activity of PON 1, an antioxidant enzyme were assessed. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Student-Newman-Keuls test. RESULTS Treatment of diabetic rats with curcumin or metformin alone decreased the plasma levels of glucose, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, TBARS, and fluorescent AGEs, as well as increased the activity of PON 1. The combination of metformin with curcumin further decreased dyslipidemia and TBARS levels in diabetic rats, indicating synergy, and maintained the high levels of PON 1. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that curcumin combined with metformin may act synergistically on dyslipidemia and oxidative stress, as well as increased PON 1 levels. Therefore, it might be a promising strategy for combating diabetic complications, mainly the cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fernandes Roxo
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, km 01-s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903 Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Arcaro
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, km 01-s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903 Brazil
| | - Vania Ortega Gutierres
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, km 01-s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903 Brazil
| | - Mariana Campos Costa
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, km 01-s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903 Brazil
| | - Juliana Oriel Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, km 01-s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903 Brazil
| | - Tayra Ferreira Oliveira Lima
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, km 01-s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903 Brazil
| | - Renata Pires Assis
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, km 01-s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903 Brazil
- Paulista University (UNIP), Institute of Health Sciences, Avenida Alberto Benassi, 200, Araraquara, 14804-300 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, km 01-s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903 Brazil
| | - Amanda Martins Baviera
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, km 01-s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903 Brazil
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