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Doan TO, Duong TT, Pham LA, Nguyen TM, Pham PT, Hoang TQ, Phuong NN, Nguyen TL, Pham TTH, Ngo TDM, Le NA, Vo VC, Do VM, Le TPQ. Microplastic accumulation in bivalves collected from different coastal areas of Vietnam and an assessment of potential risks. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1511. [PMID: 37989961 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is an emerging problem in many areas around the world and in coastal areas of Vietnam, requiring more studies dedicated to the accumulation of this pollutant in the food chain as well as its potential risk to human health. This study investigated MP levels in tissues of five common bivalve species collected from aquaculture areas along the coast of Vietnam. MPs were found in all bivalve samples, with average values of 10.84 ± 2.61 items/individual or 2.40 ± 1.34 items/g wet weight. Impacts of feeding habits of bivalves showed influences on MP abundance in the samples. Fibers were the dominant shape of MPs recorded, most of which accumulated in the gills and digestive glands of all bivalve samples, with the majority falling within the size range of 300-2000 µm. MPs found in all studied species had relatively similar chemical compositions, mainly composed of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE). In this study, a diverse diet consisting of different bivalve species and detailed data on the consumption rate of these species were used to assess the human health risk of MPs dedicated to the coastal communities of Vietnam. The results suggested a significant part of MP uptake by human could be via bivalve consumption, in which removing viscera and proper depuration should be applied prior to eating, thereby reducing the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Oanh Doan
- Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, No 41A, Phu Dien Street, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thuy Duong
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Le Anh Pham
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Thi My Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thao Pham
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Quynh Hoang
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Nam Phuong
- GERS-LEE Université Gustave Eiffel, IFSTTAR, 44344, Bouguenais, France
| | - Thuy Lien Nguyen
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai Road, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thu Ha Pham
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai Road, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Diem My Ngo
- Dak Lak Pedagogy College, 349 Le Duan Street, Buon Ma Thuot City, Dak Lak, Vietnam
| | - Nam Anh Le
- Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, No 41A, Phu Dien Street, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Chi Vo
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University, 170 An Duong Vuong Street, Quy Nhon City, Binh Dinh, Vietnam
| | - Van Manh Do
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Phuong Quynh Le
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Duong TT, Le PT, Nguyen TNH, Hoang TQ, Ngo HM, Doan TO, Le TPQ, Bui HT, Bui MH, Trinh VT, Nguyen TL, Da Le N, Vu TM, Tran TKC, Ho TC, Phuong NN, Strady E. Selection of a density separation solution to study microplastics in tropical riverine sediment. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 194:65. [PMID: 34993616 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are small (< 5 mm) plastic particles that are widely found in marine, freshwater, terrestrial and atmospheric environments. Due to their prevalence and persistence, MPs are considered an emerging contaminant of environmental concern. The separation and quantitation of MPs from freshwater sediments is a challenging and critical issue. It is necessary to identify the fate and sources of MPs in the environment, minimise their release and adverse effects. Compared to marine sediments, standardised methods for extracting and estimating the amount of MPs in freshwater sediments are relatively limited. The present study focuses on MP recovery efficiency of four commonly used salt solutions (NaCl, NaI, CaCl2 and ZnCl2) for isolating MPs during the density separation step from freshwater sediment. Known combinations of artificial MP particles (PS, PE, PVC, PET, PP and HDPE) were spiked into standard river sediment. Extraction using NaI, ZnCl2 and NaCl solutions resulted in higher recovery rates from 37 to 97% compared to the CaCl2 solution (28-83%) and varied between polymer types. Low-density MPs (PE, HDPE, PP and PS) were more effectively recovered (> 87%) than the denser polymers (PET and PVC: 37 to 88.8%) using NaCl, NaI and ZnCl2 solutions. However, the effective flotation of ZnCl2 and NaI solutions is relatively expensive and unsafe to the environment, especially in the context of developing countries. Therefore, considering the efficiency, cost and environmental criteria, NaCl solution was selected. The protocol was then tested by extracting MPs from nine riverine sediment samples from the Red River Delta. Sediments collected from urban rivers were highly polluted by MPs (26,000 MPs items·kg-1 DW) compared to sediments located downstream. Using a NaCl solution was found to be effective in this case study and might also be used in long-term and large-scale MP monitoring programmes in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Duong
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Phuong Thu Le
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Nhu Huong Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Quynh Hoang
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha My Ngo
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Oanh Doan
- Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, No 41A, Phu Dien Street, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Phuong Quynh Le
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huyen Thuong Bui
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Manh Ha Bui
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Saigon University, 273 An Duong Vuong Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van Tuyen Trinh
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Lien Nguyen
- VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Thanh Xuan, 334 Nguyen Trai street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nhu Da Le
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Mai Vu
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Kim Chi Tran
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tu Cuong Ho
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Nam Phuong
- PhuTho College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hung Vuong Boulevard, 2201, Viet Tri City, Phu Tho Province, Vietnam
| | - Emilie Strady
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
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Duong TT, Nguyen TTL, Dinh THV, Hoang TQ, Vu TN, Doan TO, Dang TMA, Le TPQ, Tran DT, Le VN, Nguyen QT, Le PT, Nguyen TK, Pham TD, Bui HM. Auxin production of the filamentous cyanobacterial Planktothricoides strain isolated from a polluted river in Vietnam. Chemosphere 2021; 284:131242. [PMID: 34225111 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms with widespread diversity and extensive global distribution. They produce a wide variety of bioactive substances (e.g., lipopeptides, fatty acids, toxins, carotenoids, vitamins and plant growth regulators) that are released into culture media. In this study, the capability of a cyanobacterial strain of Planktothricoides raciborskii to produce intra- and extracellular auxins was investigated. The filamentous cyanobacterial P. raciborskii strain was isolated from a river in Vietnam, and it was cultivated in the laboratory under the optimum conditions of the BG11 culture medium and a pH of 7.0. The auxins were identified and quantified by the Salkowski colorimetric method and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Colorimetric analysis revealed that P. raciborskii produces extracellular indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the absence and presence of l-tryptophan. The maximum extracellular IAA concentration of the culture reached 118 ± 2 μg mL-1, which was supplemented with 900 μg mL-1 of l-tryptophan. HPLC-MS analysis revealed that the isolated cyanobacteria accumulate other plant-growth-promoting hormones besides IAA, such as indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA), indole-3 butyric acid (IBA) and indole propionic acid (IPA). This is the first report on the production of auxins in an isolated strain of cyanobacteria Planktothricoides from a polluted river. The capability of producing auxins makes the P. raciborskii strain an appropriate candidate for the formulation of a biofertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Duong
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Thi Thu Lien Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Hue University, Provincial Road 10, Phu Thuong Commune, Phu Vang District, Thua Thien Hue province, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Hai Van Dinh
- Faculty of Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Quynh Hoang
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Nguyet Vu
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Oanh Doan
- Faculty of Environment, Ha Noi University of Natural Resources and Environment, No 41A, Phu Dien Street, Bac Tu Liem, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Mai Anh Dang
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Phuong Quynh Le
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Dang Thuan Tran
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Van Nhan Le
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Quang Trung Nguyen
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Phuong Thu Le
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Trung Kien Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Dau Pham
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ha Manh Bui
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Saigon University, 273 An Duong Vuong Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Kim BJ, Kuo JTW, Hara SA, Lee CD, Yu L, Gutierrez CA, Hoang TQ, Pikov V, Meng E. 3D Parylene sheath neural probe for chronic recordings. J Neural Eng 2013; 10:045002. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2560/10/4/045002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Hoang TQ, Nguyen HL, Tran NT, Homasson JP. [Evaluation of different fibroscopic sampling techniques for the diagnosis of isolated peripheral pulmonary nodules. A prospective study of 74 cases in Vietnam]. Rev Pneumol Clin 2004; 60:265-268. [PMID: 15687909 DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8417(04)72111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Isolated pulmonary nodules raise serious diagnostic problems. Combined imaging and endoscopic methods can often avoid exploratory thoracotomy. The situation is different however in developing countries where health facilities and technical availability are quite variable. Bronchial fibroscopy without image guidance can provide the diagnosis is an acceptable number of cases. We conducted a prospective study in 74 patients. After chest x-ray and CT scan of the lesion of interest, bronchial lavage was performed in each patient with brushings samples in 71 and transbronchial biopsy in 68. Riu staining was performed immediately in the endoscopy suite, providing an almost immediate diagnostic approach. The combination of lavage, brushing and biopsy provided a diagnostic yield as good as the brushings and biopsy combination. These endoscopic techniques gave the diagnosis of the specific lesion in 52 cases (70%). Most involved cancer but there were 15 cases of tuberculosis diagnosis, which remains frequent in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Q Hoang
- Service de Santé, Hôpital Pham Ngoc Thach, Hô Chi Minh-Ville, Viêt-nam
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Hoang TQ. The use of triclosan in supportive treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis. J West Soc Periodontol Periodontal Abstr 2000; 48:101-8. [PMID: 14702943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Q Hoang
- University of Southern California, School of Dentistry, Department of Postgraduate Periodontics, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Abstract
To better define the survival and cellular composition of human fetal neurotransplants in vivo, we performed quantitative 1H MRS to determine the concentration of the neuronal amino acid [N-acetylaspartate] within MRI-visible grafts. In all, 71 grafts in 38 patients [24 Parkinson's disease (PD), 14 Huntington's disease (HD)] were examined, as well as 24 untreated PD and HD patients and 13 age-matched normal controls. MRI appearances of edema were present in three out of 71 grafts, the remainder being consistent with histologically identified viable neural transplant tissue. N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine, choline, myoinositol and glutamine plus glutamate (Glx) were identified in all post-transplant putamens, with abnormal metabolites, lactate and/or lipid detectable in only three patients. Of 71 grafts, 19 occupied more than 60% of the MRS-examined volume (VOI) (mean 84.2 +/- 3%; range 61-100%). In those, [NAA] was 8.50 +/- 0.99 mM in eight PD spectra and 6.59 +/- 0.81 mM in 11 HD spectra, and was not significantly different from controls. In contrast, transplanted fetal neurones contain less than 0.4 mM of the neuronal amino acid NAA. This suggests that established fetal neurotransplants in the human putamen of both PD and HD patients are populated by adult neurones, axons and dendrites.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Ross
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Unit, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA
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Hoang TQ, Bluml S, Dubowitz DJ, Moats R, Kopyov O, Jacques D, Ross BD. Quantitative proton-decoupled 31P MRS and 1H MRS in the evaluation of Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases. Neurology 1998; 50:1033-40. [PMID: 9566391 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.50.4.1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine cerebral energy status in patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS The study included 15 patients with DNA-proven, symptomatic HD and five patients with medically treated, idiopathic PD, all of whom were candidates for neurotransplant treatment, as well as 20 age-related normal subjects. Quantitative noninvasive, MRI-guided proton MRS was performed of single volumes in putamen of basal ganglia (BG), occipital gray matter, and posterior parietal white matter; in addition, quantitative phosphorus and proton-decoupled phosphorus MRS of superior biparietal white and gray matter was done. Outcome measures were quantitative metabolite ratios and millimolar concentrations of neuronal and glial markers, creatine (Cr) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and intracellular pH. RESULTS In volume-corrected control BG (10.46 +/- 0.37 mM), [Cr] was 29% (p < 0.05) higher than in control gray matter (8.10 +/- 1.04 mM). In HD and PD, energy metabolism was not abnormal in the four cerebral locations measured by MRS. No increase in cerebral lactate or decrease in phosphocreatine and ATP was detected. Small, systematic abnormalities in N-acetylaspartate (NAA, decreased), Cr (decreased), choline-containing compounds (Cho, increased), and myoinositol (mI, increased) were demonstrable in all patient's individually and in summed spectra but were insufficient to make diagnosis possible in the individual patient. CONCLUSION Previously described failure of global energy metabolism in HD was not confirmed. However, quantitative 1-hydrogen MRS and decoupled 31-phosphorus MRS are sensitive to +/-10% alterations in key cerebral metabolites, and may be of value in noninvasive monitoring of appropriate therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Q Hoang
- Huntington Medical Research Institute, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA
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Ha MC, Cordier S, Bard D, Le TB, Hoang AH, Hoang TQ, Le CD, Abenhaim L, Nguyen TN. Agent orange and the risk of gestational trophoblastic disease in Vietnam. Arch Environ Health 1996; 51:368-74. [PMID: 8896386 DOI: 10.1080/00039896.1996.9934424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
There have been claims of an increased risk for gestational trophoblastic disease (i.e., hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma) in Vietnam since the period of Agent Orange sprayings. In 1990, we conducted a case-control study in Ho Chi Minh City to investigate risk factors for gestational trophoblastic disease in Vietnam. Eighty-seven married women, all of whom had a recent pathologic diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic disease, identified in the Obstetrical and Gynecological Hospital, were included in the study. Eighty-seven married women who were admitted mainly in the surgery departments of the same hospital were the controls, and they were matched to cases for age and area of residence. Odds ratios (ORs), adjusted for matching variables and other potential confounders, were estimated with unconditional logistic regression. A statistically significant trend in risk was observed with previous live births (p = .01). Cases were found to eat less meat per wk (OR = 0.4, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.2-0.9 for > or = five meat dishes) and to own fewer consumer goods than controls. An increase in risk was associated with the breeding of pigs (OR = 5.7, 95% CI = 1.2-27.6 for raising three or more pigs). A cumulative Agent Orange exposure index was constructed, using the patient's complete residence history. No significant difference was found between cases and controls for this index (OR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.2-1.8 for high-exposure category), nor was such a difference noted for the agricultural use of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Ha
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Villejuif, France
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Schecter A, Ryan JJ, Masuda Y, Brandt-Rauf P, Constable J, Hoang DC, Le CD, Hoang TQ, Nguyen TN, Pham HP. Chlorinated and brominated dioxins and dibenzofurans in human tissue following exposure. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102 Suppl 1:135-147. [PMID: 8187703 PMCID: PMC1566911 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.94102s1135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
With substantial improvements in analytic techniques over the past decade, it has become possible to measure polychlorinated dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in human tissue in a congener-specific fashion down to the low parts per trillion level. This paper reviews findings using these new techniques from a number of recent medical and environmental case studies. These studies include those of workers exposed to a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) transformer fire in the United States, German chemical workers exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) while cleaning up after an explosion, workers at a municipal incinerator in New York City, a chemist exposed to brominated and chlorinated dioxins, U.S. veterans and also Vietnamese civilians exposed to Agent Orange contaminated with TCDD in Vietnam, and victims of the polychlorinated dibenzofuran and PCB contaminated rice oil (Yusho) incident in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schecter
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine Clinical Campus, SUNY Health Science Center/Syracuse, Binghamton 13903
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Schecter A, Fürst P, Fürst C, Päpke O, Ball M, Ryan JJ, Hoang DC, Le CD, Hoang TQ, Cuong HQ. Chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans in human tissue from general populations: a selective review. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102 Suppl 1:159-71. [PMID: 8187705 PMCID: PMC1566889 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.94102s1159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade a considerable amount of data has been generated concerning polychlorinated dibenzodioxin (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) levels in humans from many geographical locations. To organize these data in a useful fashion for environmental purposes and for consideration of human toxicity, selected portions of our data are presented in a somewhat atypical fashion, by percentage contribution of individual congeners to total PCDD/Fs in human tissue, and to the total dioxin equivalents (TEq). This is done to better characterize congener contributions from environmental contamination in various geographical regions at this time and health-related levels. To present the findings in a global perspective, data from widely different locations are presented including the United States, Germany, Vietnam, the former Soviet Union, Thailand, Cambodia, China, South Africa, and Guam.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schecter
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, State University of New York-Health Science Center/Syracuse, Binghamton 13903
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Cordier S, Le TB, Verger P, Bard D, Le CD, Larouze B, Dazza MC, Hoang TQ, Abenhaim L. Viral infections and chemical exposures as risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in Vietnam. Int J Cancer 1993; 55:196-201. [PMID: 7690345 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910550205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A case-control study investigating risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was conducted in Hanoi, in the north of Vietnam, between 1989 and 1992. Male cases of HCC (152) diagnosed in 2 hospitals were included. Hospital controls (241) admitted mainly to abdominal surgery departments were frequency-matched to cases for sex, age, hospital and place of residence (Hanoi, province). Odds ratios adjusted for matching variables and other potential confounders were estimated using unconditional logistic regression, or exact non-parametric statistical inference when numbers were small. Positivity for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was the main risk factor for HCC in this sample. Five subjects (3 cases, 2 controls) had been infected by hepatitis C virus (HCV), and none of them were carriers of HBsAg, giving an OR of 38 associated with HCV infection among HBsAG-negative subjects. Alcohol drinking was associated with HCC and interacted with HBsAg positivity. Agricultural use of organophosphorous pesticides (30 liters/year or more) and military service in the south of Vietnam for 10 years or more were also associated with an increased risk of HCC. This study confirms the major role played by HBV infection and its association with HCC in south-east Asia. It also suggests how other factors such as alcohol consumption or exposure to chemicals may interact with HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cordier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U.170 Villejuif, France
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