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Bang LL, Tornby DR, Pham STD, Assing K, Möller S, Palarasah Y, Madsen LW, Thomsen KG, Johansen IS, Pedersen RM, Andersen TE. Culturing of SARS-CoV-2 from patient samples: Protocol for optimal virus recovery and assessment of infectious viral load. J Virol Methods 2024; 326:114912. [PMID: 38447645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Optimal sampling, preservation, and culturing of SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19 patients are critical for successful recovery of virus isolates and to accurately estimate contagiousness of the patient. In this study, we investigated the influence of the type of sampling media, storage time, freezing conditions, sterile filtration, and combinations of these to determine the optimal pre-analytic conditions for virus recovery and estimation of infectious viral load in COVID-19 patients. Further, we investigated the viral shedding kinetics and mucosal antibody response in 38 COVID-19 hospitalized patients. We found Universal Transport Medium (Copan) to be the most optimal medium for preservation of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Our data showed that the probability of a positive viral culture was strongly correlated to Ct values, however some samples did not follow the general trend. We found a significant correlation between plaque forming units and levels of mucosal antibodies and found that high levels of mucosal antibodies correlated with reduced chance of isolating the virus. Our data reveals essential parameters to consider from specimen collection over storage to culturing technique for optimal chance of isolating SARS-CoV-2 and accurately estimating patient contagiousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line L Bang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ditte R Tornby
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stephanie T D Pham
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristian Assing
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Immunology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sören Möller
- Open Patient Data Explorative Network (OPEN), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Yaseelan Palarasah
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lone W Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Unit for Infectious Diseases, Department of medicine, Sygehus Lillebælt, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Karina G Thomsen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Isik S Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rune M Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Heidtmann CV, Fejer AR, Stærk K, Pedersen M, Asmussen MG, Hertz FB, Prabhala BK, Frimodt-Møller N, Klitgaard JK, Andersen TE, Nielsen CU, Nielsen P. Hit-to-Lead Identification and Validation of a Triaromatic Pleuromutilin Antibiotic Candidate. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3692-3710. [PMID: 38385364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the hit-to-lead identification of a drug-like pleuromutilin conjugate 16, based on a triaromatic hit reported in 2020. The lead arose as the clear candidate from a hit-optimization campaign in which Gram-positive antibacterial activity, solubility, and P-gp affinity were optimized. Conjugate 16 was extensively evaluated for its in vitro ADMET performance which, apart from solubility, was overall on par with lefamulin. This evaluation included Caco-2 cell permeability, plasma protein binding, hERG inhibition, cytotoxicity, metabolism in microsomes and CYP3A4, resistance induction, and time-kill kinetics. Intravenous pharmacokinetics of 16 proved satisfactory in both mice and pigs; however, oral bioavailability was limited likely due to insufficient solubility. The in vivo efficacy was evaluated in mice, systemically infected with Staphylococcus aureus, where 16 showed rapid reduction in blood bacteriaemia. Through our comprehensive studies, lead 16 has emerged as a highly promising and safe antibiotic candidate for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer V Heidtmann
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Andreas R Fejer
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Kristian Stærk
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Maria Pedersen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Marco G Asmussen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Frederik B Hertz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bala K Prabhala
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Niels Frimodt-Møller
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janne K Klitgaard
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Unit of Molecular Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Carsten U Nielsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Poul Nielsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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Beagan ML, Dreyer CH, Jensen LK, Jensen HE, Andersen TE, Overgaard S, Ding M. The potential of sheep in preclinical models for bone infection research - A systematic review. J Orthop Translat 2024; 45:120-131. [PMID: 38524868 PMCID: PMC10960093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Reliable animal models are critical for preclinical research and should closely mimic the disease. With respect to route of infection, pathogenic agent, disease progression, clinical signs, and histopathological changes. Sheep have similar bone micro- and macrostructure as well as comparable biomechanical characteristics to humans. Their use in bone research is established, however their use in bone infection research is limited. This systematic review will summarise the key features of the available bone infection models using sheep, providing a reference for further development, validation, and application. Method This systematic review was designed according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered with PROSPERO. Quality was assessed using SYRICLE's risk of bias tool adapted for animal studies. PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE were searched until March 2022.1921 articles were screened by two independent reviewers, and 25 were included for analysis. Results Models have been developed in nine different breeds. Staphylococcus aureus was used in the majority of models, typically inoculating 108 colony forming units in tibial or femoral cortical defects. Infection was established with either planktonic or biofilm adherent bacteria, with or without foreign material implanted. Most studies used both radiological and microbiological analyses to confirm osteomyelitis. Conclusions There is convincing evidence supporting the use of sheep in bone infection models of clinical disease. The majority of sheep studied demonstrated convincing osteomyelitis and tolerated the infection with minimal complications. Furthermore, the advantages of comparable biology and biomechanics may increase the success for translating in vivo results to successful therapies. The Translational potential of this article In the realm of preclinical research, the translation to viable clinical therapies is often perilous, and the quest for reliable and representative animal models remains paramount. This systematic review accentuates the largely untapped potential of sheep as large animal models, especially in bone infection research. The anatomical and biomechanical parallels between sheep and human bone structures position sheep as an invaluable asset for studying osteomyelitis and periprosthetic joint infection. This comprehensive exploration of the literature demonstrates the robustness and translational promise of these models. Furthermore, this article underscores the potential applicability for sheep in developing effective therapeutic strategies for human bone infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L.C. Beagan
- Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Chris H. Dreyer
- Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, & Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
| | | | | | - Thomas E. Andersen
- Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Soeren Overgaard
- Bispebjerg Hospital & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ming Ding
- Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Amundsen R, Thorarinsdottir S, Larmo A, Pedersen R, Andersen TE, Møller M, Bahr R. #ReadyToplay: hamstring injuries in women's football - a two-season prospective cohort study in the Norwegian women's premier league. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38243669 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2305389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
In this two-season prospective cohort study (2020-2021), we aimed to describe the characteristics, clinical findings and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of hamstring injuries in the Norwegian women's premier league. Hamstring injuries were examined by team physiotherapists using a standardised clinical examination and injury form. Injury location and severity (modified Peetrons classification) were graded based on MRI by two independent radiologists. Fifty-three hamstring injuries were clinically examined, 31 of these with MRI. Hamstring injuries caused 8 days (median) lost from football (interquartile range: 3-15 days, range: 0-188 days), most were non-contact and occurred during sprinting. Gradual-onset (53%) and sudden-onset injuries (47%) were evenly distributed. The injuries examined with MRI were classified as grade 0 (52%), grade 1 (16%) or grade 2 (29%). One proximal tendinopathy case was not graded. Grade 2 injuries caused more time loss than grade 0 (19 ± 8 vs. 7 ± 7 days, p = 0.002). Of injuries with MRI changes, 60% were in the m. biceps femoris, mainly the muscle-tendon junction, and 40% in the m. semimembranosus, most in the proximal tendon. Compared to previous findings from men's football, a higher proportion of hamstring injuries in women's football had a gradual onset and involved the m. semimembranosus, particularly its proximal tendon.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Amundsen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Institute of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Thorarinsdottir
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Institute of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Larmo
- Radiology Department, Evidia Norge AS, Oslo, Norway
| | - R Pedersen
- Radiology Department, Unilabs Norge AS, Oslo, Norway
| | - T E Andersen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Institute of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Football Association Medical Centre (Idrettens helsesenter), The Norwegian Football Association, Oslo, Norway
| | - M Møller
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Institute of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - R Bahr
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Institute of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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5
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Utzon AN, Johansen IS, Bang LL, Pedersen RM, Andersen TE, Madsen LW. Viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised patients. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023; 29:1087.e1-1087.e3. [PMID: 37182645 PMCID: PMC10181867 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Immunocompromised patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have been shown to shed replicable virus for a prolonged period of time, and the duration of isolation can therefore be difficult to estimate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the viral load dynamic in non-hospitalized immunocompromised patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and treated with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or antivirals. METHODS Oropharyngeal swabs for RT-PCR and viral culture were collected from 29 immunocompromised patients before treatment with mAbs or antivirals and at days 5 and 15 after treatment. Overall, 12 patients were infected with the subvariant Omicron BA.1, 12 with Omicron BA.2, two with the Delta variant and for three patients determination of the variant were inconclusive. RESULTS Before treatment with mAbs or antivirals, 22 of 29 patients (76% [95% CI, 56-90]) shed replicative SARS-CoV-2. At day 5, 21 patients (72% [95% CI, 53-87]) still tested RT-PCR-positive, but for 14 patients (48% [95% CI, 29-67]) there were no replicative virus in culture. At day 15, 16 patients (55% [95% CI, 36-74%]) tested positive but only two patients (7% [95%CI, 1-23]) had replicative virus. DISCUSSION Half of the patients in this cohort had no viable virus after 5 days and only two patients had replicative virus after 15 days. This could indicate that the current CDC recommendations of an isolation period of 20 days for immunocompromised patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 could be reduced, but larger studies are needed to estimate the isolation duration for immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea N Utzon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Isik S Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Line L Bang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rune M Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lone W Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Pedersen RM, Bang LL, Holm DK, Madsen LW, Johansen IS, Jensen TG, Justesen US, Bistrup C, Andersen TE. Serum Neutralization of Omicron XBB.1.5 in Kidney Transplant Recipients After Bivalent mRNA Booster Vaccination. Kidney Int Rep 2023:S2468-0249(23)01315-3. [PMID: 37360821 PMCID: PMC10219672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rune M Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Line L Bang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dorte K Holm
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Immunology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lone W Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Unit for Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sygehus Lillebælt, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Isik S Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thøger G Jensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ulrik S Justesen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Claus Bistrup
- Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital and the Nephrology Research Unit, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Pedersen RM, Bang LL, Tornby DS, Nilsson AC, Nielsen C, Madsen LW, Johansen IS, Sydenham TV, Jensen TG, Justesen US, Vitved L, Palarasah Y, Bistrup C, Andersen TE. Serum Neutralization of Omicron BA.5, BA.2 and BA.1 in Triple Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:667-671. [PMID: 36532715 PMCID: PMC9741493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rune M. Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Line L. Bang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ditte S. Tornby
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anna C. Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Immunology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christian Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Immunology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lone W. Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Isik S. Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas V. Sydenham
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thøger G. Jensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ulrik S. Justesen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Lars Vitved
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Yaseelan Palarasah
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Claus Bistrup
- Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital and the Nephrology Research Unit, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E. Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital and Research Unit for Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Correspondence: Thomas E. Andersen, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 21.2, 5000 Odense, Syddanmark, Denmark
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8
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Ehmsen S, Pedersen RM, Bang LL, Asmussen A, Kragh A, Holm DK, Sydenham TV, Jensen TG, Jeppesen SS, Frederiksen H, Andersen TE, Ditzel HJ. BQ.1.1, XBB.1, and XBB.1.5 neutralization after bivalent mRNA COVID-19 booster in patients with cancer. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:649-650. [PMID: 36804967 PMCID: PMC9910012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Ehmsen et al. evaluate the neutralizing capacity to current SARS-CoV-2 variants in patients with cancer before and after receiving the BNT162b2 bivalent mRNA vaccine booster. Bivalent vaccine provides some protection against BQ.1.1 but fails to protect against XBB.1 and XBB.1.5 in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidse Ehmsen
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Academy of Geriatric Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rune M Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Line L Bang
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders Asmussen
- Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Amalie Kragh
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dorte K Holm
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas V Sydenham
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thøger G Jensen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stefan S Jeppesen
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Academy of Geriatric Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Frederiksen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Academy of Geriatric Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Henrik J Ditzel
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Academy of Geriatric Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; OPEN-Open Patient data Exploratory Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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9
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Pedersen RM, Bang LL, Tornby DS, Madsen LW, Holm DK, Sydenham TV, Johansen IS, Jensen TG, Justesen US, Andersen TE. Omicron BA.5 Neutralization among Vaccine-Boosted Persons with Prior Omicron BA.1/BA.2 Infections. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2575-2577. [DOI: 10.3201/eid2812.221304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Stærk K, Langhorn L, Andersen TE. Clean-catching urine from pigs: A method for collecting quality specimens for urinalysis and microbiological culturing in a laboratory environment. Lab Anim 2022:236772221133433. [DOI: 10.1177/00236772221133433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Urine is an important biological specimen for assessing various metabolic functions and drug clearance. In urinary tract infection research, urine is particularly important as urinary bacterial titres constitute the main diagnostic outcome for assessing the course of infection. Collecting uncontaminated urine samples from pigs can be done by bladder catheterization or suprapubic bladder aspiration, which are both laborious and invasive procedures that require the need for anaesthesia. To improve animal welfare and optimize urine sampling protocols, we developed a method of clean-catching midstream urine specimens from pigs during spontaneous micturition. The quality of urine specimens collected by clean-catch, bladder catheter and suprapubic bladder aspiration were compared using microbiological culturing. We show that urine specimens collected by clean-catch are only minimally contaminated by skin- and vaginal-commensals with no influence on urinary bacterial titres during ongoing infection. In conclusion, we describe a method in which spontaneous micturition can be prompted in pigs, facilitating fast and reliable collection of quality specimens suitable for microbiological culturing. The method supersedes the need for anaesthesia, which not only represents a considerable refinement in terms of animal welfare but also facilitates more frequent collection of specimens that can enhance the scientific outcome of experimental animal studies in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Stærk
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Louise Langhorn
- Biomedical Laboratory, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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11
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Stærk K, Langhorn L, Palarasah Y, Andersen TE. A method for collecting high numbers of blood samples in standard vacuum tubes from non-heparinized pigs. Lab Anim 2022:236772221133431. [DOI: 10.1177/00236772221133431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Large animal models allow for collection of substantial amounts of biological material. However, the collection of larger volumes (>100 ml) of blood from pigs can be a challenge: (i) the peripheral veins are not suitable for collection of high numbers of standard blood tubes as the veins tend to collapse; and (ii) the alternative option of cannulating deeper veins mandates surgical exposure of the vessels and often the need for heparinization, which is undesirable for some blood analysis. During an immunization trial in 40 pigs, we assessed the femoral and saphenous arteries as practical vessels for collecting 250 ml of blood from each pig in standard collection tubes without heparinization. Blood collected from the saphenous artery by a standard butterfly needle proved particularly useful and 250 ml blood could be collected successfully in 24 of 25 pigs by this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Stærk
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Louise Langhorn
- Biomedical Laboratory, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Yaseelan Palarasah
- Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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12
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Andersen TE, Ravn SL, Meildal A, Roessler KK. Values-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for the Prevention of Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Eur J Pain 2022; 26:1256-1268. [PMID: 35364620 PMCID: PMC9322531 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Whiplash is a common traffic‐related injury with up to 50% of those affected continuing to experience symptoms one‐year post‐injury. Unfortunately, treatments have not proven highly effective in preventing and treating chronic symptomatology. The overall aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of an early values‐based cognitive‐behavioural therapeutic intervention (V‐CBT) delivered within 6 months post‐injury in preventing chronic symptomatology compared to wait list controls. Methods The study was a two‐armed randomized controlled trial. Participants (n = 91) experienced pain, disability and at least one psychological risk factor (e.g. enhanced pain‐catastrophizing) after a whiplash trauma no later than 6 months prior. Participants were randomized to 10 sessions of V‐CBT starting 1 week (group A) or 3 months (group B) post‐randomization. The primary outcome was pain‐related disability, while secondary outcomes were pain intensity, neck‐pain related disability, depression, anxiety, PTSD symptoms, pain‐catastrophizing and kinesiophobia. These were evaluated at baseline and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post‐randomization. Results At 3 months, group A demonstrated clinically important effects on all outcomes that were significantly better than group B (waitlist). When group B received the intervention at 6 months, they also demonstrated clinically important effects on all outcomes. However, there was a significant difference at 12 months for the primary outcome, in which group B increased their disability levels, while group A remained stable. Conclusions While this indicates that an intervention window for early prevention of disability after whiplash injury may exist, this needs to be tested in a truly early intervention. Significance An early Values‐based Cognitive Behavioural Therapeutic intervention delivered within 6 months post‐injury (mean days 117) was effective in reducing pain‐related disability and psychological distress compared to the control group that received the intervention later after a three months wait‐list period. The effects were sustained at 12 months follow‐up. The early intervention was significantly more effective in reducing pain‐related disability compared to the control group, indicating that an intervention window for early prevention of disability after whiplash injury may exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Andersen
- University of Southern Denmark: Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
| | - S L Ravn
- University of Southern Denmark: Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
| | - A Meildal
- University of Southern Denmark: Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
| | - K K Roessler
- University of Southern Denmark: Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
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13
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Pedersen RM, Bang LL, Madsen LW, Sydenham TV, Johansen IS, Jensen TG, Justesen US, Andersen TE. Serum Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 after BNT162b2 Booster Vaccination. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:1274-1275. [PMID: 35356875 PMCID: PMC9155893 DOI: 10.3201/eid2806.220503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant BA.2 sublineage is rapidly replacing earlier Omicron lineages, suggesting BA.2 has increased vaccine evasion properties. We measured neutralization titers of authentic BA.1 and BA.2 isolates in serum samples from persons who received the BNT162b2 booster vaccine. All samples neutralized BA.1 and BA.2 at equal median values.
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14
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Torres-Puig S, García V, Stærk K, Andersen TE, Møller-Jensen J, Olsen JE, Herrero-Fresno A. “Omics” Technologies - What Have They Told Us About Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Fitness and Virulence During Urinary Tract Infection? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:824039. [PMID: 35237532 PMCID: PMC8882828 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.824039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the main etiological agent of urinary tract infection (UTI), a widespread infectious disease of great impact on human health. This is further emphasized by the rapidly increase in antimicrobial resistance in UPEC, which compromises UTI treatment. UPEC biology is highly complex since uropathogens must adopt extracellular and intracellular lifestyles and adapt to different niches in the host. In this context, the implementation of forefront ‘omics’ technologies has provided substantial insight into the understanding of UPEC pathogenesis, which has opened the doors for new therapeutics and prophylactics discovery programs. Thus, ‘omics’ technologies applied to studies of UPEC during UTI, or in models of UTI, have revealed extensive lists of factors that are important for the ability of UPEC to cause disease. The multitude of large ‘omics’ datasets that have been generated calls for scrutinized analysis of specific factors that may be of interest for further development of novel treatment strategies. In this review, we describe main UPEC determinants involved in UTI as estimated by ‘omics’ studies, and we compare prediction of factors across the different ‘omics’ technologies, with a focus on those that have been confirmed to be relevant under UTI-related conditions. We also discuss current challenges and future perspectives regarding analysis of data to provide an overview and better understanding of UPEC mechanisms involved in pathogenesis which should assist in the selection of target sites for future prophylaxis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Torres-Puig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vanesa García
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Laboratorio de Referencia de Escherichia coli (LREC), Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Lugo, Spain
| | - Kristian Stærk
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E. Andersen
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakob Møller-Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - John E. Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ana Herrero-Fresno
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Ana Herrero-Fresno,
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15
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Guo Y, Contesini FJ, Wang X, Ghidinelli S, Tornby DS, Andersen TE, Mortensen UH, Larsen TO. Biosynthesis of Calipyridone A Represents a Fungal 2-Pyridone Formation without Ring Expansion in Aspergillus californicus. Org Lett 2022; 24:804-808. [PMID: 35045257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A chemical investigation of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus californicus led to the isolation of a polyketide-nonribosomal peptide hybrid, calipyridone A (1). A putative biosynthetic gene cluster cpd for production of 1 was next identified by genome mining. The role of the cpd cluster in the production of 1 was confirmed by multiple gene deletion experiments in the host strain as well as by heterologous expression of the hybrid gene cpdA inAspergillus oryzae. Moreover, chemical analyses of the mutant strains allowed the biosynthesis of 1 to be elucidated. The results indicate that the generation of the 2-pyridone moiety of 1 via nucleophilic attack of the iminol nitrogen to the carbonyl carbon is different from the biosynthesis of other fungal 2-pyridone products through P450-catalyzed tetramic acid ring expansions. In addition, two biogenetic intermediates, calipyridones B and C, showed modest inhibition effects on the plaque-forming ability of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojie Guo
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fabiano J Contesini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Simone Ghidinelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Ditte S Tornby
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winløwsparken 21, 2. sal, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winløwsparken 21, 2. sal, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Uffe H Mortensen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas O Larsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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16
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García V, Grønnemose RB, Torres-Puig S, Kudirkiene E, Piantelli M, Ahmed S, Andersen TE, Møller-Jensen J, Olsen JE, Herrero-Fresno A. Genome-wide analysis of fitness-factors in uropathogenic Escherichia coli during growth in laboratory media and during urinary tract infections. Microb Genom 2021; 7. [PMID: 34928200 PMCID: PMC8767336 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) UTI89 is a well-characterized strain, which has mainly been used to study UPEC virulence during urinary tract infection (UTI). However, little is known on UTI89 key fitness-factors during growth in lab media and during UTI. Here, we used a transposon-insertion-sequencing approach (TraDIS) to reveal the UTI89 essential-genes for in vitro growth and fitness-gene-sets for growth in Luria broth (LB) and EZ-MOPS medium without glucose, as well as for human bacteriuria and mouse cystitis. A total of 293 essential genes for growth were identified and the set of fitness-genes was shown to differ depending on the growth media. A modified, previously validated UTI murine model, with administration of glucose prior to infection was applied. Selected fitness-genes for growth in urine and mouse-bladder colonization were validated using deletion-mutants. Novel fitness-genes, such as tusA, corA and rfaG; involved in sulphur-acquisition, magnesium-uptake, and LPS-biosynthesis, were proved to be important during UTI. Moreover, rfaG was confirmed as relevant in both niches, and therefore it may represent a target for novel UTI-treatment/prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa García
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Laboratorio de Referencia de Escherichia coli (LREC), Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Lugo, Spain
| | - Rasmus B Grønnemose
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sergi Torres-Puig
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Egle Kudirkiene
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mateo Piantelli
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Shahana Ahmed
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakob Møller-Jensen
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - John E Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ana Herrero-Fresno
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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17
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Pedersen RM, Bang LL, Tornby DS, Kierkegaard H, Nilsson AC, Johansen IS, Bistrup C, Jensen TG, Justesen US, Andersen TE. The SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing capacity of kidney transplant recipients 4 weeks after receiving a second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Kidney Int 2021; 100:1129-1131. [PMID: 34547366 PMCID: PMC8450277 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rune M Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Line L Bang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ditte S Tornby
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helene Kierkegaard
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Anna C Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Immunology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Isik S Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Claus Bistrup
- Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Nephrology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thøger G Jensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ulrik S Justesen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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18
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Pedersen RM, Tornby DS, Bang LL, Madsen LW, Skov MN, Jensen TG, Johansen IS, Andersen TE. Rectally shed SARS-CoV-2 lacks infectivity: time to rethink faecal-oral transmission? Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021. [PMID: 34312524 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00501-w.pmid:34312524;pmcid:pmc8311632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rune M Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ditte S Tornby
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Line L Bang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lone W Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marianne N Skov
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thøger G Jensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Isik S Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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19
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Trink J, Li R, Palarasah Y, Troyanov S, Andersen TE, Sidelmann JJ, Inman MD, Pizzo SV, Gao B, Krepinsky JC. Activated Alpha 2-Macroglobulin Is a Novel Mediator of Mesangial Cell Profibrotic Signaling in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091112. [PMID: 34572299 PMCID: PMC8471248 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is caused by the overproduction of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) by glomerular mesangial cells (MCs). We previously showed that high glucose (HG) induces cell surface translocation of GRP78 (csGRP78), mediating PI3K/Akt activation and downstream ECM production. Activated alpha 2-macroglobulin (α2M*) is a ligand known to initiate this signaling cascade. Importantly, increased α2M was observed in diabetic patients’ serum, saliva, and glomeruli. Primary MCs were used to assess HG responses. The role of α2M* was assessed using siRNA, a neutralizing antibody and inhibitory peptide. Kidneys from type 1 diabetic Akita and CD1 mice and human DKD patients were stained for α2M/α2M*. α2M transcript and protein were significantly increased with HG in vitro and in vivo in diabetic kidneys. A similar increase in α2M* was seen in media and kidneys, where it localized to the mesangium. No appreciable α2M* was seen in normal kidneys. Knockdown or neutralization of α2M/α2M* inhibited HG-induced profibrotic signaling (Akt activation) and matrix/cytokine upregulation (collagen IV, fibronectin, CTGF, and TGFβ1). In patients with established DKD, urinary α2M* and TGFβ1 levels were correlated. These data reveal an important role for α2M* in the pathogenesis of DKD and support further investigation as a potential novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie Trink
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Renzhong Li
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Yaseelan Palarasah
- Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, DK-6705 Esbjerg, Denmark; (Y.P.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Stéphan Troyanov
- Department of Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada;
| | - Thomas E. Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Johannes J. Sidelmann
- Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, DK-6705 Esbjerg, Denmark; (Y.P.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Mark D. Inman
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 1Y3, Canada;
| | - Salvatore V. Pizzo
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Bo Gao
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Joan C. Krepinsky
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Pedersen RM, Tornby DS, Bistrup C, Johansen IS, Andersen TE, Justesen US. Negative SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, T-cell response and virus neutralization following full vaccination in a renal transplant recipient: a call for vigilance. Clin Microbiol Infect 2021; 27:1371-1373. [PMID: 34111582 PMCID: PMC8180445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rune M Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Ditte S Tornby
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Claus Bistrup
- Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Isik S Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Ulrik S Justesen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
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21
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Pedersen RM, Tornby DS, Bang LL, Madsen LW, Skov MN, Jensen TG, Johansen IS, Andersen TE. Rectally shed SARS-CoV-2 lacks infectivity: time to rethink faecal-oral transmission? Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 18:669. [PMID: 34312524 PMCID: PMC8311632 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00501-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rune M. Pedersen
- grid.7143.10000 0004 0512 5013Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark ,grid.10825.3e0000 0001 0728 0170Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ditte S. Tornby
- grid.7143.10000 0004 0512 5013Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark ,grid.10825.3e0000 0001 0728 0170Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Line L. Bang
- grid.7143.10000 0004 0512 5013Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark ,grid.10825.3e0000 0001 0728 0170Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lone W. Madsen
- grid.7143.10000 0004 0512 5013Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark ,grid.10825.3e0000 0001 0728 0170Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marianne N. Skov
- grid.7143.10000 0004 0512 5013Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark ,grid.10825.3e0000 0001 0728 0170Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thøger G. Jensen
- grid.7143.10000 0004 0512 5013Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark ,grid.10825.3e0000 0001 0728 0170Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Isik S. Johansen
- grid.7143.10000 0004 0512 5013Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark ,grid.10825.3e0000 0001 0728 0170Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E. Andersen
- grid.7143.10000 0004 0512 5013Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark ,grid.10825.3e0000 0001 0728 0170Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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22
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Christiansen AA, Hendricks RC, Primdahl J, Roessler KK, Andersen TE, Hørslev-Petersen K, Hendricks O. 'Isn't biological treatment something healthy?' Lay people's perceptions of medical terms. Scand J Rheumatol 2018; 48:253-255. [PMID: 30422729 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2018.1522667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A A Christiansen
- a Department of Rheumatology , King Christian X Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases , Graasten , Denmark.,b Institute for Regional Health Research , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark
| | - R C Hendricks
- a Department of Rheumatology , King Christian X Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases , Graasten , Denmark.,d Department of Psychology , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark
| | - J Primdahl
- a Department of Rheumatology , King Christian X Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases , Graasten , Denmark.,b Institute for Regional Health Research , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark.,c Hospital of Southern Jutland , Aabenraa , Denmark
| | - K K Roessler
- d Department of Psychology , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark
| | - T E Andersen
- d Department of Psychology , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark
| | - K Hørslev-Petersen
- a Department of Rheumatology , King Christian X Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases , Graasten , Denmark.,b Institute for Regional Health Research , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark.,c Hospital of Southern Jutland , Aabenraa , Denmark
| | - O Hendricks
- a Department of Rheumatology , King Christian X Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases , Graasten , Denmark.,b Institute for Regional Health Research , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark.,c Hospital of Southern Jutland , Aabenraa , Denmark
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23
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Pedersen RM, Grønnemose RB, Stærk K, Asferg CA, Andersen TB, Kolmos HJ, Møller-Jensen J, Andersen TE. A Method for Quantification of Epithelium Colonization Capacity by Pathogenic Bacteria. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:16. [PMID: 29450193 PMCID: PMC5799267 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most bacterial infections initiate at the mucosal epithelium lining the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urogenital tracts. At these sites, bacterial pathogens must adhere and increase in numbers to effectively breach the outer barrier and invade the host. If the bacterium succeeds in reaching the bloodstream, effective dissemination again requires that bacteria in the blood, reestablish contact to distant endothelium sites and form secondary site foci. The infectious potential of bacteria is therefore closely linked to their ability to adhere to, colonize, and invade epithelial and endothelial surfaces. Measurement of bacterial adhesion to epithelial cells is therefore standard procedure in studies of bacterial virulence. Traditionally, such measurements have been conducted with microtiter plate cell cultures to which bacteria are added, followed by washing procedures and final quantification of retained bacteria by agar plating. This approach is fast and straightforward, but yields only a rough estimate of the adhesive properties of the bacteria upon contact, and little information on the ability of the bacterium to colonize these surfaces under relevant physiological conditions. Here, we present a method in which epithelia/endothelia are simulated by flow chamber-grown human cell layers, and infection is induced by seeding of pathogenic bacteria on these surfaces under conditions that simulate the physiological microenvironment. Quantification of bacterial adhesion and colonization of the cell layers is then performed by in situ time-lapse fluorescence microscopy and automatic detection of bacterial surface coverage. The method is demonstrated in three different infection models, simulating Staphylococcus aureus endothelial infection and Escherichia coli intestinal- and uroepithelial infection. The approach yields valuable information on the fitness of the bacterium to successfully adhere to and colonize epithelial surfaces and can be used to evaluate the influence of specific virulence genes, growth conditions, and antimicrobial treatment on this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune M Pedersen
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rasmus B Grønnemose
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristian Stærk
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Cecilie A Asferg
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thea B Andersen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hans J Kolmos
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakob Møller-Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Abstract
We wanted to explore whether change in LA (left atrium) size would influence LA function, or increase regurgitation in the atrioventricular valves. 595 male elite football players and 47 non-athletic controls were included. End-systolic LA volume and RA area and end-diastolic LV volume and RV area were measured by 2-dimensional (2D) echocardiography Pulsed and colour Doppler were used to estimate tricuspid and mitral regurgitations. 2D longitudinal strain of the 50 football players with the largest LA volumes were compared with the 50 players with the smallest LA volumes. The LA volumes in some athletes with large atria were more than tripled, compared to athletes with small atria. 2D strain however, could not reveal any impairment of LA function in the players with the largest atria, compared to those with the smallest LA. Tricuspid valve regurgitation was found in 343 (58%) of the athletes, compared to 17 (36%) of the controls (p<0.01), while mitral regurgitation was found in 116 (20%) football players and 7 (15%) controls (NS). Furthermore, the RA area was significantly larger in athletes with tricuspid regurgitation compared to athletes without. The present study demonstrated a huge variation in atrial size between the athletes. This variation, however, had no impact on LA function. Tricuspid regurgitation was significantly more prevalent among the athletes, than among the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Gjerdalen
- Section of Vascular Investigations, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Oslo, Norway and Bjorknes College, Oslo
| | - J Hisdal
- Section of Vascular Investigations, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Oslo, Norway and Bjorknes College, Oslo
| | - E E Solberg
- Department of Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - T E Andersen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Oslo, Norway and Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Z Radunovic
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Oslo, Norway
| | - K Steine
- Department of Cardiology, Lorenskog, Akershus University Hospital, Norway
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Berge HM, Steine K, Andersen TE, Solberg EE, Gjesdal K. MEASUREMENT METHOD IS IMPORTANT FOR INTERPRETATION OF ATHLETES' ECG. Br J Sports Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-093494.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kristenson K, Bjørneboe J, Waldén M, Andersen TE, Ekstrand J, Hägglund M. THE NORDIC FOOTBALL INJURY AUDIT: HIGHER INJURY RATES FOR PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL CLUBS WITH THIRD-GENERATION ARTIFICIAL TURF AT THEIR HOME VENUE. Br J Sports Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-093494.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND ECG is recommended for preparticipation health examination in athletes. Owing to a lack of consensus on how to read and interpret athletes' ECGs, different criteria for abnormality are used. AIMS To compare the prevalence of abnormal ECGs and test the correlation between visual and computer-based measurements. METHODS In a preparticipation cardiac screening examination of 595 male professional soccer players aged 18-38 years, ECGs were categorised according to the European Society of Cardiology's (ESC) recommendations and the Seattle criteria, respectively. Visual measurements were conducted with callipers on-screen on the averaged PQRST complex in each lead, calculated by the trimmed mean. Computer-based measurements were derived from the medium beat. Heart rhythm and conduction were scored visually by a cardiologist. Categorical variables were compared by κ statistics (K) and continuous variables by intraclass correlation. RESULTS ECGs of good quality were available from 579 players. According to the ESC's recommendations and Seattle criteria, respectively, ECGs were categorised as abnormal in 171 (29.5%) vs 64 (11.1%) players after visual assessment, and in 293 (50.6%; K=0.395) vs 127 (21.9%; K=0.564) after computer-based measurements. Intraclass correlation was very good for measurements of R and S wave amplitudes and moderate to very good for intervals. K was very good for pathological Q wave amplitudes and moderate for T wave inversions. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal ECGs were more than twice as common after computer-based than after visual measurements. Such a difference will markedly influence the number of athletes who need further examinations. Reference values may need adjustments dependent on measurement methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Berge
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, , Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
Background: It has been debated whether cardiovascular screening of athletes creates negative psychological reactions in those being screened. Neither the athletes’ level of distress towards, nor their opinion about screening has actually been examined. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the level of distress among Norwegian elite male football players and their experiences of screening. Methods: After screening, players completed a 10-item scale assessing their experience on a Likert scale. Their level of distress was measured with the intrusion sub-scale of Impact of Event Scale (IES) (7 items) on a six-point scale (grade 0–5). A sum score of ≥19 indicates a clinical stress problem. Twenty-five out of 28 teams, 441 of 591 players (75%, mean age 26 [18–39] years) consented to participate. Results: Sixty-four percent felt more confident when playing football and 88% were satisfied having completed the screening. The majority (77%) felt a need for the screening and 84% would strongly recommend it to others. Sixteen percent were afraid that the screening result might have consequences for their own health, and 13% were afraid of losing their license to play football. Less than 3% experienced distress (IES ≥ 19). Conclusions: The majority of the players were satisfied having completed the screening, felt more confident and would recommend it to other players. Only a marginal proportion of the players were distressed by the screening, but were at least as likely to recommend it.
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Affiliation(s)
- EE Solberg
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Department of Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - TE Andersen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ø Ekeberg
- Department of Acute Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
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Andersen TE, Palarasah Y, Skjødt MO, Ogaki R, Benter M, Alei M, Kolmos HJ, Koch C, Kingshott P. Decreased material-activation of the complement system using low-energy plasma polymerized poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) coatings. Biomaterials 2011; 32:4481-8. [PMID: 21453967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the current study we investigate the activation of blood complement on medical device silicone rubber and present a plasma polymerized vinyl pyrrolidone (ppVP) coating which strongly decreases surface-activation of the blood complement system. We show that uncoated silicone and polystyrene are both potent activators of the complement system, measured both as activated, deposited C3b and quantifying fluid-phase release of the cleavage fragment C3c. The ppVP coated silicone exhibits approximately 90% reduced complement activation compared to untreated silicone. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) measurements show relatively strong adsorption of blood proteins including native C3 to the ppVP surface, indicating that reduction of complement activation on ppVP is neither a result of low protein adsorption nor lower direct C3-binding, and is therefore possibly a consequence of differences in the adsorbed protein layer composition. The alternative and classical complement pathways are barely detectable on ppVP while the lectin pathway through MBL/ficolin-2 deposition remains active on ppVP suggesting this pathway is responsible for the remaining subtle activation on the ppVP coated surface. The ppVP surface is furthermore characterized physically and chemically using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), which indicates preservation of chemical functionality by the applied plasma process. Overall, the ppVP coating shows a potential for increasing complement-compatibility of blood-contacting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Andersen
- Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
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Abstract
The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the risk of acute injuries among youth male and female footballers playing on third-generation artificial turf compared with grass. Over 60,000 players 13-19 years of age were followed in four consecutive Norway Cup tournaments from 2005 to 2008. Injuries were recorded prospectively by the team coaches throughout each tournament. The overall incidence of injuries was 39.2 (SD: 0.8) per 1000 match hours; 34.2 (SD: 2.4) on artificial turf and 39.7 (SD: 0.8) on grass. After adjusting for the potential confounders age and gender, there was no difference in the overall risk of injury [odds ratio (OR): 0.93 (0.77-1.12), P=0.44] or in the risk of time loss injury [OR: 1.05 (0.68-1.61), P=0.82] between artificial turf and grass. However, there was a lower risk of ankle injuries [OR: 0.59 (0.40-0.88), P=0.008], and a higher risk of back and spine [OR: 1.92 (1.10-3.36), P=0.021] and shoulder and collarbone injuries [OR: 2.32 (1.01-5.31), P=0.049], on artificial turf compared with on grass. In conclusion, there was no difference in the overall risk of acute injury in youth footballers playing on third-generation artificial turf compared with grass.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Soligard
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
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Bjørneboe J, Flørenes TW, Bahr R, Andersen TE. Injury surveillance in male professional football; is medical staff reporting complete and accurate? Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010; 21:713-20. [PMID: 20459470 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01085.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Since the 2000 season, an injury surveillance system has been established to monitor injury risk and injury patterns in the Norwegian professional football league. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of routine injury registration performed by medical staff in professional football. The team medical staff completed injury registration forms on a monthly basis throughout the 2007 season (January-October). Players were interviewed at the end of the season (October/November) about all injuries that occurred from July through September. Thirteen of fourteen teams, 296 of 310 A-squad players were interviewed. An injury was recorded when a player was unable to take fully part in football training or match the day after injury. A total of 174 injuries were registered, 123 acute injuries and 51 overuse injuries. Of these, 141 were reported by medical staff and 122 by players. Eighty-nine injuries (51%) were registered using both methods, 52 (30%) by medical staff only and 33 (19%) by player interviews only. Prospective injury surveillance by team medical staff in Norwegian male professional football underestimates the incidence of time-loss injuries by at least one-fifth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bjørneboe
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
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Ouyang H, Andersen TE, Chen W, Nofsinger R, Steffansen B, Borchardt RT. A comparison of the effects of p-glycoprotein inhibitors on the blood-brain barrier permeation of cyclic prodrugs of an opioid peptide (DADLE). J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:2227-36. [PMID: 18855917 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to elucidate the role of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in restricting the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeation of cyclic prodrugs of the opioid peptide DADLE (H-Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-D-Leu-OH). The BBB permeation characteristics of these prodrugs and DADLE were determined using an in situ perfused rat brain model and in vitro cell culture model (MDCK-MDR1 cells) of the BBB. The activities of P-gp in these models were characterized using a known substrate (quinidine) and known inhibitors [cyclosporine A (CyA), GF-120918, PSC-833] of P-gp. Cyclic peptide prodrugs exhibited very poor permeation in both models. Inclusion of GF-120918, CyA, or PSC-833 in the brain perfusion medium or the cell culture medium significantly increased the permeation of these cyclic prodrugs. The order of potency of these P-gp inhibitors, as measured using the cyclic prodrugs as substrates, was, by in vitro MDCK-MDR1 cells: GF-120918 = CyA >or= PSC-833; and by in situ rat brain perfusion: GF-120918 > CyA = PSC-833. In conclusion, P-gp in the BBB is the major factor restricting the brain permeation of these cyclic prodrugs. MDCK-MDR1 cells can predict the order of potencies of the investigated P-gp inhibitors to enhance the rat BBB permeation of quinidine and the cyclic prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ouyang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, USA.
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Andersen TE, Steffansen B, Borchardt RT, Ouyang H, Chen W. Factors that restrict the intestinal cell permeation of cyclic prodrugs of an opioid peptide (DADLE): Part I. Role of efflux transporters in the intestinal mucosa. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:337-48. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ouyang H, Chen W, Andersen TE, Steffansen B, Borchardt RT, Ouyang H, Chen W. Factors that restrict intestinal cell permeation of cyclic prodrugs of an opioid peptide (DADLE): Part II. Role of metabolic enzymes in the intestinal mucosa. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:349-61. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Andersen LB, Andersen TE, Andersen E, Anderssen SA. An intermittent running test to estimate maximal oxygen uptake: the Andersen test. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2008; 48:434-437. [PMID: 18997644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM Monitoring of height and weight in children in schools has been discussed to get data on trends in obesity. Physical fitness may be just as important to monitor and a simple reliable test will therefore be important. The aim of this paper was to analyze the association between VO2max measured during maximal work on a treadmill and running distance in an intermittent running test. METHODS Three different groups conducted an intermittent running test VO2max was measured directly during treadmill running. The groups were 27 physical education students (age 20.0-27.0 years), 57 children (age 9.9-11.0 years), and 14 male elite soccer players (age 14.2-15.0 years). RESULTS The reproducibility of the Andersen test was good (r=0.84). Subjects ran 15 m (SD 61 m) longer the second time, but this difference was not significant (P=0.102). The association between running distance in the Andersen test and VO2max measured on the treadmill showed a correlation coefficient of 0.87 in university students, 0.68 in children, and 0.60 in soccer players. For the whole group: VO2max= 18.38 + (0.03301*distance) - (5.92*sex) (boys=0;girls=1) (r=0.84). CONCLUSION The test may provide teachers and health care professionals with an important tool to estimate physical fitness in children and adolescents in a fast, non-expensive and reliable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Andersen
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences Oslo, Norway.
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Abstract
The purpose was to test the effect of eccentric strength training and flexibility training on the incidence of hamstring strains in soccer. Hamstring strains and player exposure were registered prospectively during four consecutive soccer seasons (1999-2002) for 17-30 elite soccer teams from Iceland and Norway. The first two seasons were used as baseline, while intervention programs consisting of warm-up stretching, flexibility and/or eccentric strength training were introduced during the 2001 and 2002 seasons. During the intervention seasons, 48% of the teams selected to use the intervention programs. There was no difference in the incidence of hamstring strains between teams that used the flexibility training program and those who did not [relative risk (RR)=1.53, P=0.22], nor was there a difference compared with the baseline data (RR=0.89, P=0.75). The incidence of hamstring strains was lower in teams who used the eccentric training program compared with teams that did not use the program (RR=0.43, P=0.01), as well as compared with baseline data for the same intervention teams (RR=0.42, P=0.009). Eccentric strength training with Nordic hamstring lowers combined with warm-up stretching appears to reduce the risk of hamstring strains, while no effect was detected from flexibility training alone. These results should be verified in randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arnason
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
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Andersen TE, Kirpekar F, Haselmann KF. RNA fragmentation in MALDI mass spectrometry studied by H/D-exchange: mechanisms of general applicability to nucleic acids. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2006; 17:1353-1368. [PMID: 16875834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2006.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2006] [Revised: 05/26/2006] [Accepted: 05/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
To reveal the gas-phase chemistry of RNA and DNA fragmentation during MALDI mass spectrometry in positive ion mode, we performed hydrogen/deuterium exchange on a series of RNA and DNA tetranucleotides and studied their fragmentation patterns on a high-resolution MALDI TOF-TOF instrument. We were specifically interested in elucidating the remarkably different fragmentation behavior of RNA and DNA, i.e., the characteristic and abundant production of c- and y-ions from RNA versus a dominating generation of (a-B)- and w-ions from DNA analytes. The analysis yielded important information on all significant backbone cleavages as well as nucleobase losses. Based on this, we suggest common fragmentation mechanisms for RNA and DNA as well as an important RNA-specific reaction requiring a 2'-hydroxyl group, leading to c- and y-ions. The data is viewed and discussed in the context of previously published data to obtain a coherent picture of the fragmentation of singly protonated nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Finn Kirpekar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Kim F Haselmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Fuller CW, Ekstrand J, Junge A, Andersen TE, Bahr R, Dvorak J, Hägglund M, McCrory P, Meeuwisse WH. Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries. Br J Sports Med 2006; 40:193-201. [PMID: 16505073 PMCID: PMC2491990 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.025270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 681] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Variations in definitions and methodologies have created differences in the results and conclusions obtained from studies of football (soccer) injuries, making interstudy comparisons difficult. Therefore an Injury Consensus Group was established under the auspices of Fédération Internationale de Football Association Medical Assessment and Research Centre. A nominal group consensus model approach was used. A working document on definitions, methodology, and implementation was discussed by the group. Iterative draft statements were prepared and circulated to members of the group for comment before the final consensus statement was produced. Definitions of injury, recurrent injury, severity, and training and match exposures in football together with criteria for classifying injuries in terms of location, type, diagnosis, and causation are proposed. Proforma for recording players' baseline information, injuries, and training and match exposures are presented. Recommendations are made on how the incidence of match and training injuries should be reported and a checklist of issues and information that should be included in published reports of studies of football injuries is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Fuller
- Centre for Sports Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Fuller CW, Ekstrand J, Junge A, Andersen TE, Bahr R, Dvorak J, Hägglund M, McCrory P, Meeuwisse WH. Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2006; 16:83-92. [PMID: 16533346 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00528.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Variations in definitions and methodologies have created differences in the results and conclusions obtained from studies of football injuries; this has made inter-study comparisons difficult. An Injury Consensus Group was established under the auspices of FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre. Using a nominal group consensus model approach, a working document that identified the key issues related to definitions, methodology and implementation was discussed by members of the group during a 2-day meeting. Following this meeting, iterative draft statements were prepared and circulated to members of the group for comment before the final consensus statement was produced. Definitions of injury, recurrent injury, severity and training and match exposures in football together with criteria for classifying injuries in terms of location, type, diagnosis and causation are proposed. Proforma for recording players' baseline information, injuries and training and match exposures are presented. Recommendations are made on how the incidence of match and training injuries should be reported and a checklist of issues and information that should be included in published reports of studies of football injuries is presented. The definitions and methodology proposed in the consensus statement will ensure that consistent and comparable results will be obtained from studies of football injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Fuller
- Centre for Sports Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Straume-Naesheim TM, Andersen TE, Dvorak J, Bahr R. Effects of heading exposure and previous concussions on neuropsychological performance among Norwegian elite footballers. Br J Sports Med 2005; 39 Suppl 1:i70-7. [PMID: 16046359 PMCID: PMC1765315 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.019646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional studies have indicated that neurocognitive performance may be impaired among football players. Heading the ball has been suggested as the cause, but recent reviews state that the reported deficits are more likely to be the result of head injuries. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between previous concussions and heading exposure with performance on computer based neuropsychological tests among professional Norwegian football players. METHODS Players in the Norwegian professional football league (Tippeligaen) performed two consecutive baseline neuropsychological tests (Cogsport) before the 2004 season (90.3% participation, n = 271) and completed a questionnaire assessing previous concussions, match heading exposure (self-reported number of heading actions per match), player career, etc. Heading actions for 18 players observed in two to four matches were counted and correlated with their self-reported values. RESULTS Neither match nor lifetime heading exposure was associated with neuropsychological test performance. Nineteen players scored below the 95% confidence interval for one or more subtasks, but they did not differ from the rest regarding the number of previous concussions or lifetime or match heading exposure. The number of previous concussions was positively associated with lifetime heading exposure (exponent (B) = 1.97(1.03-3.75), p = 0.039), but there was no relation between previous concussions and test performance. Self-reported number of headings correlated well with the observed values (Spearman's rho = 0.77, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Computerised neuropsychological testing revealed no evidence of neuropsychological impairment due to heading exposure or previous concussions in a cohort of Norwegian professional football players.
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Straume-Naesheim TM, Andersen TE, Bahr R. Reproducibility of computer based neuropsychological testing among Norwegian elite football players. Br J Sports Med 2005; 39 Suppl 1:i64-9. [PMID: 16046358 PMCID: PMC1765313 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.019620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head injuries account for 4-22% of all football injuries. The rate of brain injuries is difficult to assess, due to the problem of defining and grading concussion. Thus computerised testing programs for cognitive function have been developed. OBJECTIVE To assess the reliability of a computerised neuropsychological test battery (CogSport) among Norwegian professional football players. METHODS Norwegian professional football league players (90.3% participation) performed two consecutive baseline Cogsport tests before the 2004 season. CogSport consists of seven different subtasks: simple reaction time (SRT), choice reaction time (ChRT), congruent reaction time (CgRT), monitoring (MON), one-back (OBK), matching (Match) and learning (Learn). RESULTS There was a small but significant improvement from repeated testing for the reaction time measurements of all seven subtasks (SRT: 0.7%, ChRT: 0.4%, CgRT: 1.2%, MON: 1.3%, OBK: 2.7%, Match: 2.0%, Learn: 1.1%). The coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 1.0% to 2.7%; corresponding intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.45 (0.34 to 0.55) to 0.79 (0.74 to 0.84). The standard deviation data showed higher CVs, ranging from 3.7% (Learn) to 14.2% (SRT). Thus, the variance decreased with increasing complexity of the task. The accuracy data displayed uniformly high CV (10.4-12.2) and corresponding low intraclass correlation coefficient (0.14 (0.01 to 0.26) to 0.31 (0.19 to 0.42)). CONCLUSION The reproducibility for the mean reaction time measures was excellent, but less good for measures of accuracy and consistency. Consecutive testing revealed a slight learning effect from test 1 to test 2, and double baseline testing is recommended to minimise this effect.
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Krosshaug T, Andersen TE, Olsen OEO, Myklebust G, Bahr R. Research approaches to describe the mechanisms of injuries in sport: limitations and possibilities. Br J Sports Med 2005; 39:330-9. [PMID: 15911601 PMCID: PMC1725235 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.018358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A number of different methodological approaches have been used to describe the inciting event for sports injuries. These include interviews of injured athletes, analysis of video recordings of actual injuries, clinical studies (clinical findings of joint damage are studied to understand the injury mechanism, mainly through plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, arthroscopy, and computed tomography scans), in vivo studies (ligament strain or forces are measured to understand ligament loading patterns), cadaver studies, mathematical modelling and simulation of injury situations, and measurement/estimation from "close to injury" situations. In rare cases, injuries have even occurred during biomechanical experiments. This review describes each research approach and assesses its strengths and weaknesses in contributing to the understanding and prevention of sports injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Krosshaug
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education, Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study describes the characteristics of injuries and high risk situations in the Norwegian professional football league during one competitive season using Football Incident Analysis (FIA), a video based method. METHODS Videotapes and injury information were collected prospectively for 174 of 182 (96%) regular league matches during the 2000 season. Incidents where the match was interrupted due to an assumed injury were analysed using FIA to examine the characteristics of the playing situation causing the incident. Club medical staff prospectively recorded all acute injuries on a specific injury questionnaire. Each incident identified on the videotapes was cross referenced with the injury report. RESULTS During the 174 matches, 425 incidents were recorded and 121 acute injuries were reported. Of these 121 injuries, 52 (43%) were identified on video including all head injuries, 58% of knee injuries, 56% of ankle injuries, and 29% of thigh injuries. Strikers were more susceptible to injury than other players and although most of the incidents and injuries resulted from duels, no single classic injury situation typical for football injuries or incidents could be recognised. However, in most cases the exposed player seemed to be unaware of the opponent challenging him for ball possession. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that in spite of a thorough video analysis less than half of the injuries are identified on video. It is difficult to identify typical patterns in the playing events leading to incidents and injuries, but players seemed to be unaware of the opponent challenging them for ball possession.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Andersen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education, PO Box 4014, Ullevål Stadion, Oslo 0806, Norway.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to describe, using video analysis, the mechanisms of head injuries and of incidents with a high risk of head injury in elite football. METHODS Videotapes and injury information were collected prospectively for 313 of the 409 matches played in the Norwegian (2000 season) and Icelandic (1999 and 2000 season) professional leagues. Video recordings of incidents where a player appeared to be hit in the head and the match was consequently interrupted by the referee were analysed and cross referenced with reports of acute time loss injuries from the team medical staff. RESULTS The video analysis revealed 192 incidents (18.8 per 1000 player hours). Of the 297 acute injuries reported, 17 (6%) were head injuries, which corresponds to an incidence of 1.7 per 1000 player hours (concussion incidence 0.5 per 1000 player hours). The most common playing action was a heading duel with 112 cases (58%). The body part that hit the injured player's head was the elbow/arm/hand in 79 cases (41%), the head in 62 cases (32%), and the foot in 25 cases (13%). In 67 of the elbow/arm/hand impacts, the upper arm of the player causing the incident was at or above shoulder level, and the arm use was considered to be active in 61 incidents (77%) and intentional in 16 incidents (20%). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that video analysis provides detailed information about the mechanisms for head injuries in football. The most frequent injury mechanism was elbow to head contact, followed by head to head contact in heading duels. In the majority of the elbow to head incidents, the elbow was used actively at or above shoulder level, and stricter rule enforcement or even changes in the laws of the game concerning elbow use should perhaps be considered, in order to reduce the risk of head injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Andersen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education, P O Box 4014, Ulleval Stadion, 0806 Oslo, Norway.
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Andersen TE, Larsen Ø, Tenga A, Engebretsen L, Bahr R. Football incident analysis: a new video based method to describe injury mechanisms in professional football. Br J Sports Med 2003; 37:226-32. [PMID: 12782547 PMCID: PMC1724642 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.37.3.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and test a new video based method for match analysis that combines football specific and medical information to achieve a better understanding of the injury mechanisms and events leading up to high risk situations. METHODS Football incident analysis (FIA) is a video based method describing incidents that may result in an injury using 19 variables and categories modified from match analysis. Videos from 35 of 76 (46%) official Norwegian under 21 matches played from 1994 to 1998 were analysed. Two football experts classified each incident on the basis of predetermined criteria, and their results were compared using interobserver and intraobserver reliability tests. RESULTS kappa correlation coefficients for interobserver and intraobserver agreement were very good for 63% and 95% and good for 37% and 5% of the variables respectively. Fifty two incidents were recorded (1.6 incidents per team per match or 94 per 1000 player hours), and 16 (31%) led to injuries (0.5 injuries per match or 29 injuries per 1000 player hours). FIA results showed that 28 incidents occurred while attacking in midfield zone 2 or the attacking zone, and 24 took place while defending in the defensive zone or midfield zone 1. Midfielders were exposed in 67% of the incidents, mainly in breakdown attacks or during long attacks by the opposing team. Of the 28 incidents during offence, only one was classified as having great potential to score a goal. Most incidents (70%) were the result of tackling duels both in the offensive and defensive playing phases. Of the 21 offensive incidents resulting from tackling duels, in 19 cases the exposed player was unaware of the tackling (passive duellist). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that football incident analysis is a potentially valuable tool for understanding the events leading up to injuries in football.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Andersen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education, Norway.
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Rehak NN, Andersen TE. Evaluation of Gilford chemistry control interference with the chloride method in the Beckman Synchron CX3 System analyzer: cumulative effect of bromide on chloride results. Clin Chem 1989; 35:1538. [PMID: 2758603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N N Rehak
- Clin. Pathol. Dept., Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Rehak NN, Andersen TE. Evaluation of Gilford chemistry control interference with the chloride method in the Beckman Synchron CX3 System analyzer: cumulative effect of bromide on chloride results. Clin Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/35.7.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N N Rehak
- Clin. Pathol. Dept., Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - T E Andersen
- Clin. Pathol. Dept., Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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