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Adnan Awad S, Brück O, Shanmuganathan N, Jarvinen T, Lähteenmäki H, Klievink J, Ibrahim H, Kytölä S, Koskenvesa P, Hughes TP, Branford S, Kankainen M, Mustjoki S. Epigenetic modifier gene mutations in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) at diagnosis are associated with risk of relapse upon treatment discontinuation. Blood Cancer J 2022; 12:69. [PMID: 35443743 PMCID: PMC9021312 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-022-00667-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shady Adnan Awad
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland. .,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland. .,Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Oscar Brück
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Naranie Shanmuganathan
- Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Timo Jarvinen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Lähteenmäki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jay Klievink
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hazem Ibrahim
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Soili Kytölä
- HUS Diagnostic Center, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Perttu Koskenvesa
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timothy P Hughes
- Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Susan Branford
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Matti Kankainen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland. .,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland.
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Kim D, Myllymäki M, Kankainen M, Jarvinen T, Park G, Bruhn R, Murphy EL, Mustjoki S. Somatic STAT3 mutations in CD8+ T cells of healthy blood donors carrying human T-cell leukemia virus type 2. Haematologica 2021; 107:550-554. [PMID: 34706498 PMCID: PMC8804565 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.279140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daehong Kim
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki
| | - Mikko Myllymäki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki
| | - Matti Kankainen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki
| | - Timo Jarvinen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki
| | - Giljun Park
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki
| | - Roberta Bruhn
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Edward L Murphy
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki.
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Di Leo A, Larsimont D, Gancberg D, Jarvinen T, Beauduin M, Vindevoghel A, Michel J, Focan CH, Ries F, Gobert PH, Closon-Dejardin MT, Dolci S, Rouas G, Paesmans M, Lobelle JP, Isola J, Piccart MJ. HER-2 and topo-isomerase IIalpha as predictive markers in a population of node-positive breast cancer patients randomly treated with adjuvant CMF or epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide. Ann Oncol 2001; 12:1081-9. [PMID: 11583189 DOI: 10.1023/a:1011669223035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The predictive role of HER-2 in node-positive breast cancer patients receiving CMF or an anthracycline-based adjuvant therapy remains unclear. In addition, topo-isomerase II alpha (topo IIalpha), as the cellular target of anthracyclines, might have value as a predictive marker. PATIENTS AND METHODS Four hundred eighty-one archival primary tumor samples were collected among 777 patients entered into a multicenter phase III trial comparing classical CMF with epirubicin cyclophosphamide (HEC) as adjuvant therapy of node-positive breast cancer. HER-2 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using different antibodies (Abs). Topo IIalpha was evaluated by IHC using the Ab KiS 1. In each subgroup of patients identified by HER-2 and topo IIalpha, adjusted hazard ratios for event-free survival (EFS) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals have been calculated for the different study comparisons. An interaction test has been performed to investigate the role of HER-2 and topo IIalpha as predictive markers. RESULTS When HER-2 was evaluated by CB-11 and 4D5 mAbs, the EFS adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for the main study comparison HEC vs. CMF were: HER-2 positive: 0.33 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.09 1.27, P = 0.08), HER-2 negative: 1.16 (95%, CI: 0.71-1.90, P = 0.56); the P-value for the interaction test was 0.10. When HER-2 was evaluated by TAB-250 + pAbl Abs, the adjusted HR for the same comparison were: HER-2 positive: 1.06 (95% CI: 0.45-2.52, P = 0.90), HER-2 negative: 0.99 (95% CI: 0.58-1.68, P = 0.97); the P-value for the interaction test was 0.84. With regard to topo IIalpha, the adjusted HR for the EFS comparison HEC vs. CMF were: topo IIalpha positive: 0.66 (95% CI: 0.32-1.36, P = 0.25), topo IIalpha negative: 1.26 (95% CI: 0.63-2.50, P = 0.51); the P-value for the interaction test was 0.13. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that in node-positive breast cancer patients randomly treated with CMF or an epirubicin-based regimen, the predictive value of HER-2 may vary according to the Abs used in the immunohistochemistry assay. In addition, the study supports the concept that topo IIalpha might be involved in the determination of tumor responsiveness to an anthracycline-based adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Di Leo
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium.
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Savolainen J, Leppanen J, Forsberg M, Taipale H, Nevalainen T, Huuskonen J, Gynther J, Mannisto PT, Jarvinen T. Synthesis and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of novel oral N-alkyl- and N,N-dialkyl-carbamate esters of entacapone. Life Sci 2000; 67:205-16. [PMID: 10901288 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Entacapone has a relatively low oral bioavailability which may, in part, be due to its low aqueous solubility at low pH and/or its hydrophilic character at neutral pH. Various novel N-alkyl and N,N-dialkyl carbamate esters of entacapone were synthesized as possible prodrugs of entacapone in order to increase its aqueous solubility at an acidic pH and to increase its lipophilicity at neutral pH. Oral bioavailability of entacapone and selected carbamate esters were investigated in rats. Both N-alkyl and N,N-dialkyl carbamate esters were relatively stable against chemical hydrolysis at pH 7.4 (t1/2 = 14.9-20.7 h), but hydrolyzed rapidly (t1/2 = 0.8-2.7 h) in human serum. However, in contrast to N-alkyl carbamates, N,N-dialkyl carbamates did not release entacapone in in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis (human serum) studies. N-Alkyl carbamates, 2a-c, showed increased aqueous solubility at pH 7.4, of which 2a and 2c also show increased aqueous solubility at pH 5.0, compared to entacapone. In addition to increased aqueous solubility, 2c showed increased lipophilicity at pH 7.4. However, two N-alkyl carbamates of entacapone did not increase the oral bioavailability of the parent drug in rats. Thus, it can be concluded that the relatively low lipophilicity of entacapone is not the cause of its low bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Savolainen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kuopio, Finland.
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Rautio J, Taipale H, Gynther J, Vepsalainen J, Nevalainen T, Jarvinen T. In vitro evaluation of acyloxyalkyl esters as dermal prodrugs of ketoprofen and naproxen. J Pharm Sci 1998; 87:1622-8. [PMID: 10189277 DOI: 10.1021/js970465w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of acyloxyalkyl esters of ketoprofen and naproxen were synthesized and investigated as topical prodrugs with the aim of improving the dermal delivery of the drugs. In addition, some hydroxyalkyl esters of ketoprofen and naproxen were synthesized as possible intermediates of acyloxyalkyl prodrugs. All of the prodrugs were more lipophilic than their parent molecules, as evaluated by drug partitioning between 1-octanol and phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 (log Papp). However, their solubilities in aqueous solutions decreased markedly compared with the parent molecules. The prodrugs were stable toward chemical hydrolysis in aqueous solutions (pH 7.4), but were hydrolyzed to the parent drug both in 80% human serum and in human skin homogenate, with half-lives ranging from 4 to 137 min and from 13 to 403 min, respectively. The abilities of the selected naproxen acyloxyalkyl prodrugs to deliver naproxen through excised human skin were evaluated. Generally, the prodrugs showed similar dermal delivery as the parent drug through cadaver skin. In the present series of lipophilic prodrugs of naproxen, the prodrug with the highest aqueous solubility was the most effective prodrug to deliver naproxen through the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rautio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kuopio, Finland.
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Ikaheimo I, Silvennoinen-Kassinen S, Karvonen J, Jarvinen T, Tiilikainen A. Immunogenetic profile of psoriasis vulgaris: association with haplotypes A2,B13,Cw6,DR7,DQA1*0201 and A1,B17,Cw6,DR7,DQA1*0201. Arch Dermatol Res 1996; 288:63-7. [PMID: 8932582 DOI: 10.1007/bf02505045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a skin disease with an immunological and genetic background present in 1-3% of the population. We studied the genetic susceptibility to psoriasis vulgaris in Finns with serological HLA typing and genomic HLA class II typing of the DQ and DP loci to evaluate the risk of developing psoriasis. The haplotypes most frequently distinguishing between psoriatics and controls were those that carried Cw6 (P < 10(-8)), DQA1*0201 (P = 9.3 x 10(-6)) and DR7 (P = 3.9 x 10(-5)). The two most frequent marker haplotypes were A2,B13,Cw6,DR7, DQA1*0201 and A1,B17,Cw6,DR7,DQA1*0201, which were not found among the control subjects. A deficit of haplotype B8,DR3,DQ2 (2 out of 124 in the patients versus 15 out of 106 in the controls, P = 1.5 x 10(-4)) was found, and this was in accordance with a slightly decreased frequency of DQA1*0501 (P = 3.1 x 10(-2)), which was usually linked with this haplotype. These results stimulate the research for a genetic resistance factor in psoriasis. Thus, this report sheds further light on the immunogenetic background of psoriasis in Finland. We conclude that the inheritance of psoriasis has a polygenic mode, in which the Cw6,DR7,DQA1*0201 combination seems to be important (P = 7.5 x 10(-7), relative risk 24.4, aetiological factor 0.29).
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ikaheimo
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Oulu, Finland
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