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Hassell‐Hart S, Picaud S, Lengacher R, Csucker J, Millet R, Gasser G, Alberto R, Maple H, Felix R, Leśnikowski ZJ, Stewart HJS, Chevassut TJ, Morley S, Filippakopoulos P, Spencer J. Probing BRD Inhibition Substituent Effects in Bulky Analogues of (+)‐JQ1. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Storm Hassell‐Hart
- Chemistry Department School of Life Sciences University of Sussex Brighton BN1 9QJ UK
| | - Sarah Picaud
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) University of Oxford Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Raphael Lengacher
- University of Zurich Department of Chemistry Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Joshua Csucker
- University of Zurich Department of Chemistry Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Regis Millet
- University of Lille Inserm INFINITE U1286 ICPAL 3 rue du Professeur Laguesse, BP-83 FR-59006 Lille France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech PSL University CNRS Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology FR-75005 Paris France
| | - Roger Alberto
- University of Zurich Department of Chemistry Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Hannah Maple
- Bio-Techne (Tocris Bioscience) The Watkins Building Atlantic Road, Avonmouth Bristol BS11 9QD UK
| | - Robert Felix
- Bio-Techne (Tocris Bioscience) The Watkins Building Atlantic Road, Avonmouth Bristol BS11 9QD UK
| | - Zbigniew J. Leśnikowski
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences PL 92a–232 Łodź Poland
| | | | | | - Simon Morley
- Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Sussex Brighton BN1 9QG UK
| | | | - John Spencer
- Chemistry Department School of Life Sciences University of Sussex Brighton BN1 9QJ UK
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Hassell-Hart S, Runcie A, Krojer T, Doyle J, Lineham E, Ocasio CA, Neto BAD, Fedorov O, Marsh G, Maple H, Felix R, Banks R, Ciulli A, Picaud S, Filippakopoulos P, von Delft F, Brennan P, Stewart HJS, Chevassut TJ, Walker M, Austin C, Morley S, Spencer J. Synthesis and Biological Investigation of (+)-JD1, an Organometallic BET Bromodomain Inhibitor. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Storm Hassell-Hart
- Chemistry Department, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Andrew Runcie
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, James Black Centre, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH Scotland, U.K
| | - Tobias Krojer
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K
| | - Jordan Doyle
- Chemistry Department, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Ella Lineham
- Biochemistry Department, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QQ, U.K
| | - Cory A. Ocasio
- Chemistry Department, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Brenno A. D. Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy
Ribeiro, Brasília, Q3 Distrito Federal 70904-970, Brazil
| | - Oleg Fedorov
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K
| | - Graham Marsh
- Bio-Techne (Tocris), The Watkins Building, Atlantic Road,
Avonmouth, Bristol BS11 9QD, U.K
| | - Hannah Maple
- Bio-Techne (Tocris), The Watkins Building, Atlantic Road,
Avonmouth, Bristol BS11 9QD, U.K
| | - Robert Felix
- Bio-Techne (Tocris), The Watkins Building, Atlantic Road,
Avonmouth, Bristol BS11 9QD, U.K
| | - Rebecca Banks
- Bio-Techne (Tocris), The Watkins Building, Atlantic Road,
Avonmouth, Bristol BS11 9QD, U.K
| | - Alessio Ciulli
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, James Black Centre, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH Scotland, U.K
| | - Sarah Picaud
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K
| | | | - Frank von Delft
- Diamond Light Source (DLS), Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Paul Brennan
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K
| | - Helen J. S. Stewart
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9PS, U.K
| | | | - Martin Walker
- Eurofins Integrated Discovery UK Ltd., Fyfield Business & Research Park, Fyfield Road, Ongar, Essex CM5 0GS, U.K
| | - Carol Austin
- Eurofins Integrated Discovery UK Ltd., Fyfield Business & Research Park, Fyfield Road, Ongar, Essex CM5 0GS, U.K
| | - Simon Morley
- Biochemistry Department, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QQ, U.K
| | - John Spencer
- Chemistry Department, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
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Robinson SR, Viegas SC, Matos RG, Domingues S, Bedir M, Stewart HJS, Chevassut TJ, Oliver AW, Arraiano CM, Newbury SF. DIS3 isoforms vary in their endoribonuclease activity and are differentially expressed within haematological cancers. Biochem J 2018; 475:2091-2105. [PMID: 29802118 PMCID: PMC6024818 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
DIS3 (defective in sister chromatid joining) is the catalytic subunit of the exosome, a protein complex involved in the 3'-5' degradation of RNAs. DIS3 is a highly conserved exoribonuclease, also known as Rrp44. Global sequencing studies have identified DIS3 as being mutated in a range of cancers, with a considerable incidence in multiple myeloma. In this work, we have identified two protein-coding isoforms of DIS3. Both isoforms are functionally relevant and result from alternative splicing. They differ from each other in the size of their N-terminal PIN (PilT N-terminal) domain, which has been shown to have endoribonuclease activity and tether DIS3 to the exosome. Isoform 1 encodes a full-length PIN domain, whereas the PIN domain of isoform 2 is shorter and is missing a segment with conserved amino acids. We have carried out biochemical activity assays on both isoforms of full-length DIS3 and the isolated PIN domains. We find that isoform 2, despite missing part of the PIN domain, has greater endonuclease activity compared with isoform 1. Examination of the available structural information allows us to provide a hypothesis to explain this altered behaviour. Our results also show that multiple myeloma patient cells and all cancer cell lines tested have higher levels of isoform 1 compared with isoform 2, whereas acute myeloid leukaemia and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia patient cells and samples from healthy donors have similar levels of isoforms 1 and 2. Taken together, our data indicate that significant changes in the ratios of the two isoforms could be symptomatic of haematological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie R Robinson
- Medical Research Building, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PS, U.K
| | - Sandra C Viegas
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Rute G Matos
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Susana Domingues
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Marisa Bedir
- School of Life Sciences, Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, U.K
| | - Helen J S Stewart
- Medical Research Building, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PS, U.K
| | - Timothy J Chevassut
- Medical Research Building, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PS, U.K
| | - Antony W Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, U.K
| | - Cecilia M Arraiano
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sarah F Newbury
- Medical Research Building, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PS, U.K.
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Robinson SR, Oliver AW, Chevassut TJ, Newbury SF. The 3' to 5' Exoribonuclease DIS3: From Structure and Mechanisms to Biological Functions and Role in Human Disease. Biomolecules 2015; 5:1515-39. [PMID: 26193331 PMCID: PMC4598762 DOI: 10.3390/biom5031515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
DIS3 is a conserved exoribonuclease and catalytic subunit of the exosome, a protein complex involved in the 3' to 5' degradation and processing of both nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA species. Recently, aberrant expression of DIS3 has been found to be implicated in a range of different cancers. Perhaps most striking is the finding that DIS3 is recurrently mutated in 11% of multiple myeloma patients. Much work has been done to elucidate the structural and biochemical characteristics of DIS3, including the mechanistic details of its role as an effector of RNA decay pathways. Nevertheless, we do not understand how DIS3 mutations can lead to cancer. There are a number of studies that pertain to the function of DIS3 at the organismal level. Mutant phenotypes in S. pombe, S. cerevisiae and Drosophila suggest DIS3 homologues have a common role in cell-cycle progression and microtubule assembly. DIS3 has also recently been implicated in antibody diversification of mouse B-cells. This article aims to review current knowledge of the structure, mechanisms and functions of DIS3 as well as highlighting the genetic patterns observed within myeloma patients, in order to yield insight into the putative role of DIS3 mutations in oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie R Robinson
- Medical Research Building, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PS, UK.
| | - Antony W Oliver
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK.
| | - Timothy J Chevassut
- Medical Research Building, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PS, UK.
| | - Sarah F Newbury
- Medical Research Building, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PS, UK.
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Stewart HJS, Shalit E, Halliday L, Morey D, Chevassut TJ. Acute myeloid leukemia cells exhibit selective down-regulation of DNMT3A isoform 2. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:3445-8. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1032965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaya Reddy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Worthing Hospital, Worthing BN11 2DH, UK
| | | | - Timothy J Chevassut
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK
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Robinson SD, Gabriel J, Webb A, Corbett T, Johnston R, Wright D, Chevassut TJ. Immunohistochemical prognostication in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a single center 6-year retrospective analysis. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:2975-7. [PMID: 25669923 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1011158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Robinson
- a Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex , Brighton , UK
| | - Joseph Gabriel
- a Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex , Brighton , UK
| | - Andrew Webb
- b Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust , Brighton , UK
| | - Timothy Corbett
- b Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust , Brighton , UK
| | - Rosalynd Johnston
- b Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust , Brighton , UK
| | - David Wright
- b Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust , Brighton , UK
| | - Timothy J Chevassut
- a Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex , Brighton , UK.,b Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust , Brighton , UK
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Ghurye RR, Stewart HJ, Chevassut TJ. Bromodomain inhibition by JQ1 suppresses lipopolysaccharide-stimulated interleukin-6 secretion in multiple myeloma cells. Cytokine 2015; 71:415-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Igbineweka NE, Horne GA, Jackson MB, Chevassut TJ. Low Oxygen Affinity Variant Haemoglobin in an elderly woman presenting with low oxygen saturation. Acute Med 2015; 14:72-76. [PMID: 26305085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An asymptomatic 81-year-old woman was referred by her general practitioner regarding a pulse-oximetry oxygen saturation (SpO2) of 74%. An arterial blood gas analysis (ABG) on air showed PaO2 12.9 kPa, oxygen saturation 80%, with normal pH, PaCO2, methaemoglobin and carboxyhaemoglobin levels. After a normal chest x-ray, tinzaparin was administered empirically for possible occult pulmonary embolus. This diagnosis was subsequently excluded with an unremarkable computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA). She was further investigated as an out patient. DNA globin-gene analysis identified a variant haemoglobin revealed to be haemoglobin Saint Mande (HbSM). Following reassurance regarding the benign nature of her condition, she has remained well.
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Bisling KE, Brewin JN, McGovern AP, Horne GA, Rider T, Stewart HJ, Ramsahoye BH, Chevassut TJ. DNMT3A mutations at R882 hotspot are only found in major clones of acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:711-4. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.811580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Jones CI, Zabolotskaya MV, King AJ, Stewart HJS, Horne GA, Chevassut TJ, Newbury SF. Identification of circulating microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for use in multiple myeloma. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:1987-96. [PMID: 23169280 PMCID: PMC3516695 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell disorder that is characterised by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, monoclonal paraprotein in the blood or urine and associated organ dysfunction. It accounts for approximately 1% of cancers and 13% of haematological cancers. Myeloma arises from an asymptomatic proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells termed monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Methods: MicroRNA expression profiling of serum samples was performed on three patient groups as well as normal controls. Validation of the nine microRNAs detected as promising biomarkers was carried out using TaqMan quantitative reverse transcription PCR. MicroRNA levels in serum were normalised using standard curves to determine the numbers of microRNAs per μl of serum. Results: Three serum microRNAs, miR-720, miR-1308 and miR-1246, were found to have potential as diagnostic biomarkers in myeloma. Use of miR-720 and miR-1308 together provides a powerful diagnostic tool for distinguishing normal healthy controls, as well as patients with unrelated illnesses, from pre-cancerous myeloma and myeloma patients. In addition, the combination of miR-1246 and miR-1308 can distinguish MGUS from myeloma patients. Conclusion: We have developed a biomarker signature using microRNAs extracted from serum, which has potential as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Jones
- Medical Research Building, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PS, UK
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Brewin JN, Horne GA, Bisling KE, Stewart HJ, Chevassut TJ. Rapid detection of DNMT3A R882 codon mutations allows early identification of poor risk patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2012; 54:1336-9. [PMID: 23035745 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2012.736986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Stewart HJ, Kishikova L, Powell FL, Wheatley SP, Chevassut TJ. The polo-like kinase inhibitor BI 2536 exhibits potent activity against malignant plasma cells and represents a novel therapy in multiple myeloma. Exp Hematol 2011; 39:330-8. [PMID: 21184800 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2010.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is a regulator of the cell cycle that has been implicated in the pathology of many cancers. We have investigated whether this kinase plays a role in multiple myeloma (MM) using the Plk1 inhibitor BI 2536. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have used six MM cell lines and six patient-derived samples to determine the effects of the Plk1 inhibitor, BI 2536, on cell viability, apoptosis, and cytokinesis. We have also examined the effect of the microenvironment on these parameters and the effects of BI 2536 in combination with other antimyeloma agents. RESULTS We show that MM cell lines and patient samples express PLK1 and that cell death by apoptosis occurs when Plk1 is inhibited. Cells treated with BI 2536 accumulate in the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle causing endoduplication. The effects of BI 2536 are not abrogated when cells are cultured on extracellular matrix components, in the presence of interleukin-6, or with bone marrow stromal cells. CONCLUSIONS Plk1 inhibition leads to cell death in MM cell lines and patient myeloma samples. Our data suggest that inhibition of Plk1 may have potential use as a therapeutic strategy in multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J Stewart
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, UK
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