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Viswanathan V, Jamthikar AD, Gupta D, Shanu N, Puvvula A, Khanna NN, Saba L, Omerzum T, Viskovic K, Mavrogeni S, Turk M, Laird JR, Pareek G, Miner M, Sfikakis PP, Protogerou A, Kitas GD, S C, Joshi S, Fiscian H, Folson AA, Wu DH, Ruzsa Z, Nicolaides A, Sharma A, Bhatt DL, Suri JS. Low-cost preventive screening using carotid ultrasound in patients with diabetes. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2020; 25:1132-1171. [PMID: 32114427 DOI: 10.2741/4850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes and atherosclerosis are the predominant causes of stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD) both in low- and high-income countries. This is due to the lack of appropriate medical care or high medical costs. Low-cost 10-year preventive screening can be used for deciding an effective therapy to reduce the effects of atherosclerosis in diabetes patients. American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) recommended the use of 10-year risk calculators, before advising therapy. Conventional risk calculators are suboptimal in certain groups of patients because their stratification depends on (a) current blood biomarkers and (b) clinical phenotypes, such as age, hypertension, ethnicity, and sex. The focus of this review is on risk assessment using innovative composite risk scores that use conventional blood biomarkers combined with vascular image-based phenotypes. AtheroEdge™ tool is beneficial for low-moderate to high-moderate and low-risk to high-risk patients for the current and 10-year risk assessment that outperforms conventional risk calculators. The preventive screening tool that combines the image-based phenotypes with conventional risk factors can improve the 10-year cardiovascular/stroke risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankush D Jamthikar
- Department of ECE, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India
| | - Deep Gupta
- Department of ECE, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India
| | - Nizarudeen Shanu
- Department of ECE working with College of Engineering Karunagapally, India
| | - Anudeep Puvvula
- Annu\'s Hospitals for Skin and Diabetes, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Narendra N Khanna
- Department of Cardiology, Indraprastha APOLLO Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Tomaz Omerzum
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Klaudija Viskovic
- Department of Radiology and Ultrasound, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases Croatia
| | - Sophie Mavrogeni
- Cardiology Clinic, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Monika Turk
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - John R Laird
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Adventist Health St. Helena, St Helena, CA, USA
| | - Gyan Pareek
- Minimally Invasive Urology Institute, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Martin Miner
- Men's Health Center, Miriam Hospital Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Petros P Sfikakis
- Rheumatology Unit, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Protogerou
- Department of Cardiovascular Prevention and Research Unit Clinic and Laboratory of Pathophysiology, National and Kapodistrian Univ. of Athens, Greece
| | - George D Kitas
- R and D Academic Affairs, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, United kingdom
| | - Chitra S
- Physician Shree polyclinic and lab, India
| | - Shalini Joshi
- Preventive Health Check, Fortis Hospital, Bannerghatta Road, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | - Dee H Wu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | | | - Andrew Nicolaides
- Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Centre and University of Nicosia Medical School, Cyprus
| | - Aditya Sharma
- Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Deepak L Bhatt
- Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart and Vascular Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jasjit S Suri
- Advanced Knowledge Engineering Centre, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc. Roseville, CA, USA,
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