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Scott AM, Reed WM, Ajwani S, Parmenter TR. Panoramic radiographs and dental patients with Down syndrome: A scoping review. Spec Care Dentist 2023; 43:199-220. [PMID: 35941085 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Life expectancy for people with Down syndrome (DS) has increased to 60 years, although poor oral health affects their quality of life. Panoramic radiographs (PRs) are usually well-tolerated by people with DS and can provide valuable diagnostic data for treatment planning and research. Methods A scoping review of peer-reviewed articles published between 1971and 2021 was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews to determine the scope of use of PRs for people with DS. RESULTS 937 papers were screened, and 52 papers were included and charted into seven categories in this review. A high prevalence of tooth agenesis (TA) and other anomalies were reported in 45% of papers. Severe periodontal disease was considered characteristic of DS in the 1970s-80s and the benefit of time-consuming treatment was questioned. Since 2000 case reports illustrate that improved oral care, orthodontic treatment, and dental implants under local or general anaesthetic can improve the quality of life for people with DS. CONCLUSION PRs play an important role in the diagnosis of anomalies, periodontal disease, and implant planning for patients with DS. This review highlights the gaps in research of caries, pathology, TMJ, systemic disease indicators, and guidelines for dentists. Systematic PR viewing, with a knowledge of characteristic features of DS, will assist diagnosis of pathology and improve comprehensive dental care treatment planning for children and adults with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M Scott
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Warren M Reed
- Medical Image Perception and Optimisation Group (MIOPeG), Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shilpi Ajwani
- Oral Health Promotion & Oral Health Research, Sydney Dental Hospital and Oral Health Services, SLHD, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Trevor R Parmenter
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Parmenter TR. Tribute to Philip W. Davidson (1942‐2022). Policy Practice Intel Disabi 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor R. Parmenter
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Camperdown New South Wales Australia
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Parmenter TR. Living with down syndrome, Manuel I.Guerrero, Roy I.Brown, PaulCampero, GareFabila, RhondaFaragher, MargaretKrykou, Robert LSchalock, MiguelAS, MiguelVerdugo & KarenWatchman. Kindle Direct Publishing, 2019, 307 pp. A$16.43. Policy Practice Intel Disabi 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Reinders J, Stainton T, Parmenter TR. The Quiet Progress of the New Eugenics. Ending the Lives of Persons With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities for Reasons of Presumed Poor Quality of Life. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Reinders
- Professor Emeritus of Ethics, Faculty of Religion and TheologyVU University Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Tim Stainton
- School of Social Work, Centre for Inclusion and CitizenshipUniversity of British Columbia Kelowna Canada
| | - Trevor R. Parmenter
- Professor Emeritus of Developmental Disability, Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of Sydney Sydney Australia
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Parmenter TR. Community Care and Inclusion for People With an Intellectual Disability RobinJackson and MariaLyons (Eds.) Publisher: Floris Books, Edinburgh 240 pages, £25.00 ISBN 2016 978-178250-333-0. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor R. Parmenter
- Sydney Medical School; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
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Abstract
Attitudes in Australia toward people with intellectual disabilities were investigated among students, disability services professionals, and the general population. Three previously validated questionnaires and a measure of respondent self-reported “social desirability” were used. Students and disability services professionals exhibited similar attitudes, with both groups reporting significantly more positive attitudes than members of the general population. More positive attitudes were evident among younger people, people with higher educational attainment, and individuals with a prior knowledge of or regular contact with people with intellectual disabilities. These respondents were less likely to support the principles of eugenics and more likely to support the paradigm of community inclusion. The authors make recommendations concerning the development of policies and strategies to foster the acceptance and inclusion of adults with intellectual disabilities in the wider community. Further studies that include the use of qualitative techniques and target people in the general population are recommended.
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Durvasula S, Mason RS, Kok C, Macara M, Parmenter TR, Cameron ID. Outdoor areas of Australian residential aged care facilities do not facilitate appropriate sun exposure. AUST HEALTH REV 2015; 39:406-410. [PMID: 25725502 DOI: 10.1071/ah14035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to assess whether the outdoor areas of residential aged care facilities used for a sunlight intervention trial had the design features that encouraged participants' use of these spaces. METHODS The design principles recommended in the 'Vitamin D and the Built Environment in Victoria' guidelines were used to assess the outdoor spaces of residential aged care facilities that were used in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of sunlight exposure. Attendance rates in the sunlight RCT were analysed in relation to global impression scores of the facilities using one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Thirty-six outdoor areas of 31 facilities were assessed. The facilities met the guidelines for sun exposure, and were generally safe and accessible. However, many lacked privacy, security and aesthetic appeal. Most of the outdoor spaces were not used for regularly scheduled activities. Attendance rates were higher in those facilities with the highest global impression scores compared with those with the lowest scores (F(2,367) = 3.262, P = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS The physical environment of the outdoor areas of residential aged care facilities was associated with their use for sunlight exposure. Suitably designed or modified spaces have the potential to encourage their greater use, and residential aged care facilities should also plan regular activities in those areas. These measures can facilitate safe sun exposure, as well as physical activity and social interaction in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seeta Durvasula
- Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Kolling Building, Level 7,Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia. Email
| | - Rebecca S Mason
- Physiology and Bosch Institute for Medical Research, School of Medical Sciences, Building F13, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Email
| | - Cindy Kok
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Bone Biology Department, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia. Email
| | - Monique Macara
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia. Email
| | - Trevor R Parmenter
- Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Kolling Building, Level 7,Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia. Email
| | - Ian D Cameron
- The John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney Kolling Building, Level 7,Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia. Email
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Durvasula S, Gies P, Mason RS, Chen JS, Henderson S, Seibel MJ, Sambrook PN, March LM, Lord SR, Kok C, Macara M, Parmenter TR, Cameron ID. Vitamin D response of older people in residential aged care to sunlight-derived ultraviolet radiation. Arch Osteoporos 2014; 9:197. [PMID: 25311734 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-014-0197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to determine the vitamin D response to sunlight ultraviolet radiation in older people. Increases in vitamin D depended on the season of exposure, but the changes were small. Natural sun exposure is not a practical intervention for vitamin D deficiency in this population. PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to measure the ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure of those in residential aged care in an earlier trial of sunlight exposure and to determine its effect on their vitamin D response. METHODS Attendance data, demographic, clinical and biochemical variables for 248 participants were used for a secondary analysis of a previous cluster randomized trial of sunlight exposure and falls. The ambient solar UV Index data were used to calculate the participants' UVR dose. Multiple linear regression was used to test if UVR exposure over 6 months, as measured by the standard erythemal dose (SED), was a predictor of vitamin D response, controlling for age, gender, BMI, calcium intake, baseline vitamin D and season of exposure. RESULTS The median 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was 32.4 nmol/L at baseline and 34.6 nmol/L at 6 months (p = 0.35). The significant predictors of 25OHD at 6 months were UVR exposures in spring-summer (coefficient = 0.105, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.001-0.209, p = 0.05) and autumn-winter (coefficient = 0.056, 95 % CI 0.005-0.107, p = 0.03) and baseline vitamin D (adjusted coefficient = 0.594, 95 % CI 0.465-0.724, p = 0.00). In those starting sunlight sessions in spring, an increase of 1 unit in log SED was associated with 11 % increase in 25OHD. CONCLUSIONS Natural UVR exposure can increase 25OHD levels in older people in residential care, but depends on the season of exposure. However, due to inadequate sun exposure, 25OHD did not reach optimal levels. Nevertheless, where sun exposure is encouraged in this group, the focus for the start of exposure should be in the months of spring or autumn, as this timing was associated with a vitamin D response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seeta Durvasula
- Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia,
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Foley KR, Girdler S, Bourke J, Jacoby P, Llewellyn G, Einfeld S, Tonge B, Parmenter TR, Leonard H. Influence of the environment on participation in social roles for young adults with down syndrome. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108413. [PMID: 25259577 PMCID: PMC4178155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The concept of disability is now understood as a result of the interaction between the individual, features related to impairment, and the physical and social environment. It is important to understand these environmental influences and how they affect social participation. The purpose of this study is to describe the social participation of young adults with Down syndrome and examine its relationship with the physical and social environment. Methods Families ascertained from the Down syndrome ‘Needs Opinion Wishes’ database completed questionnaires during 2011. The questionnaires contained two parts, young person characteristics and family characteristics. Young adults’ social participation was measured using the Assessment of Life Habits (LIFE-H) and the influences of environmental factors were measured by the Measure of the Quality of the Environment (MQE). The analysis involved descriptive statistics and linear and logistic regression. Results Overall, participation in daily activities was higher (mean 6.45) than in social roles (mean 5.17) (range 0 to 9). When the physical and/or social environment was reported as a facilitator, compared to being no influence or a barrier, participation in social roles was greater (coef 0.89, 95%CI 0.28, 1.52, coef 0.83, 95%CI 0.17, 1.49, respectively). The relationships between participation and both the physical (coef 0.60, 95% CI −0.40, 1.24) and social (coef 0.20, 95%CI −0.47, 0.87) environments were reduced when age, gender, behavior and functioning in ADL were taken into account. Conclusion We found that young adults’ participation in social roles was influenced more by the physical environment than by the social environment, providing a potentially modifiable avenue for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitty-Rose Foley
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sonya Girdler
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Jenny Bourke
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Peter Jacoby
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Stewart Einfeld
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bruce Tonge
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Helen Leonard
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Foley KR, Girdler S, Downs J, Jacoby P, Bourke J, Lennox N, Einfeld S, Llewellyn G, Parmenter TR, Leonard H. Relationship between family quality of life and day occupations of young people with Down syndrome. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2014; 49:1455-65. [PMID: 24414088 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-013-0812-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore relationships between family quality of life, day occupations and activities of daily living (ADL) of young persons with Down syndrome. METHOD Data were collected from 150 families with a young person with Down syndrome aged 16-30 years participating in the Down syndrome "Needs Opinions Wishes" database. Data described the young person's characteristics (including functional abilities, behaviour and day occupations) and family characteristics (including income, family and community supports and quality of life). RESULTS Compared to families of young people attending open employment, families of young people participating in sheltered employment tended to report poorer family quality of life, after adjusting for personal characteristics, behaviour and income (coeff -6.78, 95 % CI -14.38, 0.81). Family supports reduced this relationship (coeff -6.00, 95 % CI -12.76, 0.76). Families of young people with greater functioning in ADL reported better family quality of life regardless of personal and environmental factors (coeff 0.45, 95 % CI 0.05, 0.85) and inclusion of family factors such as family supports reduced this association (coeff 0.29, 95 % CI -0.10, 0.67). CONCLUSIONS Participation of young people with Down syndrome in open employment may positively influence family quality of life. Services that facilitate functioning in ADL and assist the families in accessing suitable family supports have the potential to positively influence family quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitty-Rose Foley
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia,
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Gray KM, Piccinin A, Keating CM, Taffe J, Parmenter TR, Hofer S, Einfeld SL, Tonge BJ. Outcomes in young adulthood: are we achieving community participation and inclusion? J Intellect Disabil Res 2014; 58:734-745. [PMID: 23865802 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recognition of the importance of integrated community living and support, there is evidence that parents remain the primary caregivers of young adults with intellectual disability (ID). In addition, employment rates remain low in this population. This study aimed to investigate the changes in living arrangements and participation in daytime activities over time in a community population of young people with ID. METHOD The sample consisted of 536 participants aged 4.0-18.9 years at Wave 1, followed up at Wave 5 when aged 20.5-37.6 years. Information was collected on their living arrangements and daytime activities at both time points, along with living skills and information on community social inclusion at Wave 5. For parents still caring for their adult child with ID, information was also collected on parental ratings of their own mental and physical health, and their satisfaction with the long-term care arrangements for their adult child. RESULTS A significant proportion of young people were still living with their parents at Wave 5. A greater proportion of those with a severe-profound degree of ID were living in residential care. Parents caring for their adult child reported high levels of mental health problems and dissatisfaction with the long-term care arrangements for their child. A small proportion of young people were in paid employment, and the majority was engaged in structured activities provided for those with an ID. Over one-third of the sample participated in a structured daytime activity for 10 or fewer hours per week, and 7% were not engaged in any structured daytime activity. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that adequate provision of accommodation and employment services for young adults with an ID is lacking. In many cases the responsibility of care continues to reside with parents as their children transition from childhood to adulthood. Greater attention is needed to address these issues and facilitate social inclusion and integration for young people with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Gray
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry & Psychology, School of Psychology & Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Parmenter TR. Mental Health of Children and Adolescents with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities edited by DavidDossetor, DonnaWhite and LesleyWhatson (Eds.) Publisher: IP Communications, Melbourne 2011, 442 pages, AUD$80.00 ISBN: 978-0-9808649-2-2 (paperback). Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Foley KR, Jacoby P, Girdler S, Bourke J, Pikora T, Lennox N, Einfeld S, Llewellyn G, Parmenter TR, Leonard H. Functioning and post-school transition outcomes for young people with Down syndrome. Child Care Health Dev 2013; 39:789-800. [PMID: 23294187 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship between functioning and post-school day occupation for young adults with Down syndrome. METHODS Families of young people with Down syndrome (n = 269) aged 15-30 years in 2009 were recruited from the population-based Down syndrome 'Needs Opinion Wishes' database in Western Australia. Questionnaires were mailed to participating families and involved two parts, young person characteristics and family functioning; 203 were returned (75%). Of those families who returned questionnaires, 164 (80.8%) of their young adults had left school. Participation in post-school day occupations was the main outcome and included; open employment, training, sheltered employment or alternatives to employment (ATE). RESULTS Young adults were reported as participating in open employment (n = 42), training (n = 17), sheltered employment (n = 64) or ATE (n = 41) post-school. Those who reported better functioning in self-care, community and communication skills were more likely to be in open employment and/or attending Technical and Further Education compared with those attending sheltered employment and/or ATE after adjusting for age, gender and rural/metropolitan regions. Current health as measured by visits to a general practitioner (GP) and hospitalizations revealed a weak relationship with post-school day occupations, with increasing likelihood of participating in open employment or training with increasing hospitalizations and GP visits. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis shows that functioning in activities of daily living was related to post-school day occupation. Current health status and behaviour were found to have a weak relationship with post-school day occupation adjusting for functioning in the final model.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-R Foley
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Wilson NJ, Parmenter TR, Stancliffe RJ, Shuttleworth RP. From diminished men to conditionally masculine: sexuality and Australian men and adolescent boys with intellectual disability. Cult Health Sex 2013; 15:738-751. [PMID: 23656632 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2013.780262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Men and boys with intellectual disability represent a unique group who have hitherto been overlooked by researchers and theorists exploring men and masculinities. Qualitative data from an Australian ethnographic study focused on the sexual health needs of men and adolescent boys with moderate to profound intellectual disability. Findings suggest that masculinity for this group of men is more a biopsychosocial phenomenon than a social construct organised around heteronormative ideals. The conditional masculinity of the men participating in the study was based instead on a number of intrinsic and external factors, which are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Wilson
- Faculty of Health Sciences Centre for Disability Research and Policy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Hillman A, Donelly M, Whitaker L, Dew A, Stancliffe RJ, Knox M, Shelley K, Parmenter TR. Experiencing rights within positive, person-centred support networks of people with intellectual disability in Australia. J Intellect Disabil Res 2012; 56:1065-1075. [PMID: 23106750 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2012.01647.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research describes issues related to human rights as they arose within the everyday lives of people in nine personal support networks that included adult Australians with an intellectual disability (ID). METHOD The research was part of a wider 3-year ethnographic study of nine personal support networks. A major criterion for recruitment was that people in these networks were committed to actively developing the positive, meaningful future of an adult family member with an ID. Data were collected from November 2007 to March 2011 via interviews, participant observations and analysed within the framework of situational analysis. Findings were checked with network members. RESULTS The issue of rights was challenging to network members. Subtle rights violations could have a major impact on an individual with a disability. Network members worked to protect the rights of people with ID by building and maintaining an empathic and respectful support network, developing the person's self-confidence and autonomy and ensuring that the person with an ID was an active member of the personal support network. CONCLUSION The maintenance of rights within a supportive environment remains a difficult task. It can be facilitated by a deep knowledge and respect for the person being supported, the promotion of his or her active participation in the planning and provision of support, and an experimental and reflective approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hillman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
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Parmenter TR. Vale Emeritus Professor Alan D. B. Clarke, CBE: 21 March 1922-10 December 2011. J Intellect Dev Disabil 2012; 37:84. [PMID: 22339045 DOI: 10.3109/13668250.2012.659424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor R Parmenter
- Centre for Disability Studies, University of Sydney, 92 – 94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
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Wilson NJ, Stancliffe RJ, Parmenter TR, Shuttleworth RP. Gendered service delivery: a masculine and feminine perspective on staff gender. Intellect Dev Disabil 2011; 49:341-351. [PMID: 21905827 DOI: 10.1352/1934-9556-49.5.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite acknowledgement that paid caregivers have a significant impact on the lives of people with intellectual disability, the subjective experience of staff gender is rarely considered in research. Qualitative data from a study on the sexual health needs of men and boys with intellectual disability is presented. We designed this study to determine what impact staff gender has on the sexual health needs of men and boys with intellectual disability. Findings suggest that although staff traverse the same geographies of care, they do it in uniquely gendered ways. Staff gender is an important consideration when dealing with sexual health matters and can enhance the type and quality of relationships between people with intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Wilson
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, 75 E. St., PO Box 170, Lidcombe, NSW 1825 Australia.
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Wilson NJ, Parmenter TR, Stancliffe RJ, Shuttleworth RP. Conditionally Sexual: Men and Teenage Boys with Moderate to Profound Intellectual Disability. Sex Disabil 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11195-011-9203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Donelly M, Hillman A, Stancliffe RJ, Knox M, Whitaker L, Parmenter TR. The role of informal networks in providing effective work opportunities for people with an intellectual disability. Work 2010; 36:227-37. [PMID: 20634616 DOI: 10.3233/wor-2010-1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Being in paid employment is socially valued, and is linked to health, financial security and time use. Issues arising from a lack of occupational choice and control, and from diminished role partnerships are particularly problematic in the lives of people with an intellectual disability. Informal support networks are shown to influence work opportunities for people without disabilities, but their impact on the work experiences of people with disability has not been thoroughly explored. The experience of 'work' and preparation for work was explored with a group of four people with an intellectual disability (the participants) and the key members of their informal support networks (network members) in New South Wales, Australia. Network members and participants were interviewed and participant observations of work and other activities were undertaken. Data analysis included open, conceptual and thematic coding. Data analysis software assisted in managing the large datasets across multiple team members. The insight and actions of network members created and sustained the employment and support opportunities that effectively matched the needs and interests of the participants. Recommendations for future research are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Donelly
- Faculty of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Tweed Heads, NSW, Australia.
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Wilson NJ, Parmenter TR, Stancliffe RJ, Shuttleworth RP, Parker D. A masculine perspective of gendered topics in the research literature on males and females with intellectual disability. J Intellect Dev Disabil 2010; 35:1-8. [PMID: 20121660 DOI: 10.3109/13668250903496351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A focus on male social pathologies may have evolved within parts of the intellectual disability research literature. This article explores this notion and makes some connections between mainstream gender theory about hegemonic masculinity and the current gendered discourse in intellectual disability research. METHOD We conducted a thematic analysis of all journal article titles from four prominent intellectual disability journals where "man," "woman," "men," "women," "male," "female," "girl," and "boy" were mentioned in the title. RESULTS Thematic differences were identified between articles that focused on males or females, with less research attention on male health compared with female health. A strong focus was evident on problematised male sexual behaviour. CONCLUSIONS There is a distinct difference evident between articles that problematise males and articles for females encouraging health promotion that suggests a disparate focus on male social pathologies. A deeper contextual analysis of unique sex differences in research is proposed.
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Burton-Smith R, McVilly KR, Yazbeck M, Parmenter TR, Tsutsui T. Quality of Life of Australian Family Carers: Implications for Research, Policy, and Practice. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-1130.2009.00227.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Burton-Smith R, McVilly KR, Yazbeck M, Parmenter TR, Tsutsui T. Service and support needs of Australian carers supporting a family member with disability at home. J Intellect Dev Disabil 2009; 34:239-247. [PMID: 19681004 DOI: 10.1080/13668250903103668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As part of an international, multicentre project, the service and support needs of Australian family carers were investigated. METHOD A sample of 1,390, 448 family carers completed a self-report survey, including an adaptation of the Family Needs Survey (FNS) and several open-ended questions. A mixed method design was used, employing quantitative and qualitative analyses. RESULTS On the FNS the most frequently endorsed items were those relating to the need for information about services and, in particular, future, out-of-home accommodation. Similarly, the need for respite services was endorsed by over 80% of respondents. Comments indicated that access to and the quality of respite, day support, and therapy programs were a priority. CONCLUSIONS Participants expressed the need for greater access to information. Access to appropriate respite options, together with quality day support and therapy services, remain a priority for family carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Ward
- Special Education Centre, Macquarie University
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Riches VC, Parmenter TR, Llewellyn G, Hindmarsh G, Chan J. The Reliability, Validity and Practical Utility of Measuring Supports using the I-CAN Instrument: Part II. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2008.00467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Riches VC, Parmenter TR, Llewellyn G, Hindmarsh G, Chan J. I-CAN: A New Instrument to Classify Support Needs for People with Disability: Part I. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2008.00466.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wilson NJ, Cumella S, Parmenter TR, Stancliffe RJ, Shuttleworth RP. Penile hygiene: puberty, paraphimosis and personal care for men and boys with an intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res 2009; 53:106-114. [PMID: 19054270 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2008.01133.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supporting men and boys with an intellectual disability (ID) to meet their penile hygiene needs is perhaps one of the least acknowledged but most confronting issues facing care staff. The delivery of intimate hygiene can be a challenging topic particularly as it has been drawn into the emerging sexuality discourse and the ongoing abuse narrative. Compounding this challenge is the lack of guidance in intimate care for support staff. In addition, whereas the male with an ID outnumber the female, female care staff greatly outnumber male staff. Whether this situation affects outcomes for men and boys with an ID is unknown but it is an issue which should be examined. METHOD This paper reports data from two separate studies, one quantitative the other qualitative, which sought to explore penile hygiene as a male health issue. RESULTS Results show the practice of care staff to be inconsistent, the views and values of care staff to be divergent. Some patterns and contextual differences were identified depending upon the gender of care staff. An emerging dialogue described some of the positive contributions that male staff make to men and boys with an ID. CONCLUSIONS The penile health needs of men and boys with an ID are being compromised by a lack of guidance, training, knowledge and limited gender-sensitive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Wilson
- Faculty of Medicine, the University of Sydney, Centre for Developmental Disability Studies, Ryde, NSW, Australia.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Great strides have been achieved over the past few decades in service provision for people with intellectual disability (ID). However, there has also been a growth in the use of economic rationalism and a related rise in managerialism in forming service provision outcomes. METHOD An account of the focus on process and means of provision directed within the managerialist agenda to determine how individual authority has become subsumed within patterns of dependence. RESULTS An underlying influence of utilitarianism has led to a focus on servicing the average through service provision trajectories which in turn have weakened the pace for social change and perpetuated a vulnerable conception of people with ID. CONCLUSIONS There has been a qualification of the idealised intent of providing individualised support, choice and recognition of the moral worth of people with ID into relative features of equality. There remains an overriding static conception of the person with ID within funding frameworks and service provision which relies on economic and rationalist depictions of the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Dirita
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Parmenter TR. The dementia screening questionnaire for individuals with intellectual disabilities has high sensitivity and specificity in adults with Down's syndrome. Evid Based Ment Health 2008; 11:11. [PMID: 18223046 DOI: 10.1136/ebmh.11.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor R Parmenter
- Centre for Developmental Disability Studies, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Parmenter TR. The present, past and future of the study of intellectual disability: challenges in developing countries. Salud pública Méx 2008; 50 Suppl 2:s124-31. [DOI: 10.1590/s0036-36342008000800004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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McVilly KR, Stancliffe RJ, Parmenter TR, Burton-Smith RM. 'I Get by with a Little Help from my Friends': Adults with Intellectual Disability Discuss Loneliness1. J Appl Res Int Dis 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2005.00261.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Parmenter TR. Human Resilience: A Fifty Year Quest. J Policy Practice in Intell Disabilities 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-1130.2005.00027.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Parmenter TR. Contributions of IASSID to the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disability: The Past, the Present, and the Future1. J Policy Practice in Intell Disabilities 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-1130.2004.04011.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Anderson MI, Parmenter TR, Mok M. The relationship between neurobehavioural problems of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), family functioning and the psychological well-being of the spouse/caregiver: path model analysis. Brain Inj 2002; 16:743-57. [PMID: 12217201 DOI: 10.1080/02699050210128906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study used a modern theory of stress as a framework to strengthen the understanding of the relationship between neurobehavioural problems of TBI, family functioning and psychological distress in spouse/caregivers. The research was an ex post facto design utilising a cross-sectional methodology. Path analysis was used to determine the structural effect of neurobehavioural problems on family functioning and psychological distress. Forty-seven female and 17 male spouse/caregivers of partners with severe TBI were recruited. Spouse/caregivers who reported partners with TBI as having high levels of behavioural and cognitive problems experienced high levels of unhealthy family functioning. High levels of unhealthy family functioning were related to high levels of distress in spouse/caregivers, as family functioning had a moderate influence on psychological distress. Furthermore, indirect effects of behavioural and cognitive problems operating through family functioning intensified the level of psychological distress experienced by spouse/caregivers. Additionally, spouse/caregivers who reported high levels of behavioural, communication and social problems in their partners also experienced high levels of psychological distress. This study was significant because the impact of TBI on the spouse/caregiver from a multidimensional perspective is an important and under-researched area in the brain injury and disability field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm I Anderson
- Faculty of Nursing and Health, Avondale College, Sydney Adventist Hospital Campus, Wahroonga, New South Wales, Australia.
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Parmenter TR. The contribution of science in facilitating the inclusion of people with intellectual disability into the community. J Intellect Disabil Res 2001; 45:183-193. [PMID: 11422642 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2788.2001.00344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T R Parmenter
- Centre for Developmental Disability Studies, The University of Sydney, Australia
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Parmenter TR. No longer institutionalised ‐ but how do I treat? Med J Aust 2000. [DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2000.tb124042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Parmenter TR. Intellectual disabilities and the next millennium: the role of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities (IASSID). J Intellect Disabil Res 1999; 43 ( Pt 3):145-148. [PMID: 10392601 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2788.1999.00205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Parmenter TR. International perspective of vocational options for people with mental retardation: the promise and the reality. Ment Retard 1993; 31:359-367. [PMID: 8152381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Developments in research into the vocational needs and preparation of people with mental retardation were briefly traced over recent decades. The premise was made that the study of vocational programs for this population should be examined in the context of the labor market developments of individual countries. Areas for future research were identified, with specific reference to community-based vocational programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Parmenter
- School of Education, Unit for Community Integration Studies, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia
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Abstract
Participant observation techniques were used to examine the social networks and the social support mechanisms of nine subjects with a mild intellectual disability working in competitive employment settings. Results indicated that the social networks of this group of people lacked complexity with few interconnections among the network nodes. The major sources of social support emanated from the family and from organizations catering for people with disabilities. While subjects perceived considerable social support within the workplace, this support was restricted to the workplace and in general did not extend beyond it. Implications of the findings of the study for ensuring the adequacy of social support both within and beyond the workplace for this group of people are discussed. Additionally, the need for the development of a theory or model of social support as it pertains to people with a mild intellectual disability employed in competitive employment settings is advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Knox
- Unit for Rehabilitation Studies, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia
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Parmenter TR. Quality of Life of People with Developmental Disabilities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7750(08)60122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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Abstract
The transition of young people with disabilities from school to work and adult living has been the focus of attention for the Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (CERI) of OECD for some years. Various member countries of OECD have implemented transition education programmes as a result of community-based educational policies for students with disabilities. To establish a baseline of the post-school experiences of disabled students a follow-up study of a sample of ex-students in New South Wales, Australia, was conducted. While the responses to the survey came essentially from students who had been in special schools and hence may be unrepresentative of the total population of disabled ex-students, the data indicate some interesting trends. Only 42% were in open employment. Those with a moderate or severe intellectual disability were generally in sheltered workshops, activity centres or at home. The majority of respondents indicated that work was an important part of their lives, not so much from an economic perspective, but especially as it afforded them a social outlet. The implications of the findings are discussed in the context of the current emphasis upon community-based rather than sheltered employment for people with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Parmenter
- Unit for Rehabilitation Studies, School of Education, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia
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