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Awad AK, Abdelgalil MS, Gonnah AR, Mouffokes A, Ahmad U, Awad AK, Elbadawy MA, Roberts DH. Intravenous Iron for Acute and Chronic Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) Patients with Iron Deficiency: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Med (Lond) 2024:100211. [PMID: 38643833 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinme.2024.100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Patients with heart failure (HF) and iron deficiency are at increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes. We searched databases for randomized controlled trials that compared IV iron to placebo, in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). A total of 7813 participants, all having HFrEF with 3998 receiving IV iron therapy, and 3815 control recipients were included. There was a significant improvement in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire favouring IV iron with MD 7.39, 95% CI [3.55, 11.22], p=0.0002. Subgroup analysis, based on acute and chronic HF, has displayed a sustained statistical significance. Additionally, a significant increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction % was observed, with MD 3.76, 95% CI [2.32, 5.21], p<0.00001. A significant improvement in 6-minute walk test was noted, with MD 34.87, 95% CI [20.02, 49.72], p<0.00001. Furthermore, IV iron showed significant improvement in NYHA class, peak VO2, serum ferritin, and haemoglobin levels. Finally, despite the lack of difference in terms of all-cause hospitalisation and HF-related death, IV iron was associated with a significant reduction in HF-related, any cardiovascular reason hospitalisations, and all-cause death; which supports the need for implementation of IV iron as a standard of care in patients with HF and iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K Awad
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | - Ahmed R Gonnah
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Adel Mouffokes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria.
| | | | - Ayman K Awad
- Faculty of Medicine, El-Galala University, Suez, Egypt.
| | | | - David Hesketh Roberts
- Consultant Cardiologist, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool, UK; Honorary Senior lecturer, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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Seriramulu VP, Suppiah S, Lee HH, Jang JH, Omar NF, Mohan SN, Ibrahim NSN, Azmi NHM, Buhari I, Ahmad U. Review of MR spectroscopy analysis and artificial intelligence applications for the detection of cerebral inflammation and neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease. Med J Malaysia 2024; 79:102-110. [PMID: 38287765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has an emerging role as a neuroimaging tool for the detection of biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To date, MRS has been established as one of the diagnostic tools for various diseases such as breast cancer and fatty liver, as well as brain tumours. However, its utility in neurodegenerative diseases is still in the experimental stages. The potential role of the modality has not been fully explored, as there is diverse information regarding the aberrations in the brain metabolites caused by normal ageing versus neurodegenerative disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was carried out to gather eligible studies from the following widely sourced electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar using the combination of the following keywords: AD, MRS, brain metabolites, deep learning (DL), machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI); having the aim of taking the readers through the advancements in the usage of MRS analysis and related AI applications for the detection of AD. RESULTS We elaborate on the MRS data acquisition, processing, analysis, and interpretation techniques. Recommendation is made for MRS parameters that can obtain the best quality spectrum for fingerprinting the brain metabolomics composition in AD. Furthermore, we summarise ML and DL techniques that have been utilised to estimate the uncertainty in the machine-predicted metabolite content, as well as streamline the process of displaying results of metabolites derangement that occurs as part of ageing. CONCLUSION MRS has a role as a non-invasive tool for the detection of brain metabolite biomarkers that indicate brain metabolic health, which can be integral in the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Seriramulu
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S Suppiah
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - H H Lee
- METLiT Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jang
- METLiT Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - N F Omar
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S N Mohan
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N S N Ibrahim
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N H M Azmi
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - I Buhari
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - U Ahmad
- Bauchi State University, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, Molecular Genetics Informatics, Gadau, Nigeria
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Abuelazm M, Ahmad U, Abu Suilik H, Seri A, Mahmoud A, Abdelazeem B. Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Stroke with a Large Ischemic Core: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Clin Neuroradiol 2023; 33:625-634. [PMID: 37233795 PMCID: PMC10450014 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-023-01306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endovascular thrombectomy (ET) efficacy and safety in stroke with a large ischemic core is still inconclusive as this population has been underrepresented in ET randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing RCTs, which were retrieved by systematically searching: PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane through February 18th, 2023. Our primary outcome was neurological disability measured by the modified Rankin scale (mRS). Dichotomous outcomes were pooled using risk ratio (RR) along with confidence interval (CI) using Revman V. 5.4 software. RESULTS Three RCTs with a total of 1010 patients were included in our analysis. ET significantly increased the rates of functional independence (mRS ≤ 2) (RR: 2.54 with 95% CI [1.85, 3.48]), independent ambulation (mRS ≤ 3) (RR: 1.78 with 95% CI [1.28, 2.48]), and early neurological improvement (RR: 2.46 with 95% CI [1.60, 3.79]). However, there was no difference between endovascular thrombectomy and medical care in excellent neurological recovery (mRS ≤ 1) (RR: 1.35 with 95% CI [0.88, 2.08]). Also, ET significantly reduced the rate of poor neurological recovery (mRS 4-6) (RR: 0.79 with 95% CI [0.72, 0.86]). However, endovascular thrombectomy was associated with more incidence of any intracranial hemorrhage (RR: 2.40 with 95% CI [1.90, 3.01] [0.72, 0.86]). CONCLUSION ET combined with medical care was associated with better functional outcomes compared with medical care alone. However, ET was associated with a higher rate of intracranial hemorrhage. This can support extending ET indication in the management of stroke with a large ischemic core.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amith Seri
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Health Care, Flint, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Basel Abdelazeem
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Health Care, Flint, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Okamoto T, Ayyat K, Sakanoue I, Tantawi A, Unai S, Ahmad U, Elgharably H, Yun J, Budev M, McCurry K. Impact of Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion on a Lung Transplant Program: A Single Center Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Ayyat K, Okamoto T, Tantawi A, Sakanoue I, Elgharably H, Ahmad U, Unai S, Yun J, Budev M, McCurry K. Back-Table Evaluation Prior to Ex-Vivo Lung Perfusion: An Approach for Improving Utilization Rates. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Ayyat K, Okamoto T, Tantawi A, Sakanoue I, Elgharably H, Ahmad U, Unai S, Yun J, Budev M, McCurry K. Screening for Donor Lung Pulmonary Emboli During Ex-Vivo Lung Perfusion. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Ahmad U, Cheema HA, Iqbal N, Shahid A, Malik B, Siddiqui A, Jaffar H, Ghani U, Sarfraz W, Shelar V, Rahir U, Zubair M, Ali NN, Safdar S, Essar MY, Abadeen ZU. An assessment of publishing practices and barriers faced by medical students to conduct research: A cross‐sectional study from Pakistan. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e831. [PMID: 36110346 PMCID: PMC9464460 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pakistan being a low‐ and middle‐income country, its institutes are substantially deficient in scientific and technological aspects and share limited research contributions to the world repositories. Therefore, there is a rising concern to reflect on the history and status of publishing attitudes among medical students in Pakistan and to highlight and address the barriers that they are facing. Methods A study was conducted aiming to determine the experience, motivation, and attitude of medical students in regarding publishing practices throughout Pakistan in several medical colleges. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to find the independent predictors of students publishing a research article. Forward selection was used to arrive at the final stepwise logistic regression. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. p < 0.05 was considered significant for all statistical tests. Results From a sample size of 1225 participants, only 6.6% of students had published an article in our study. Of these, 59% were males and 31.3% were in final year. Males were more likely to publish articles than females (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.37–5.26) and final‐year students were more likely to publish articles than first‐year students (OR = 7.48, 95% CI: 1.34–41.81). Students that had the knowledge that performing research is the way through which they will be judged for jobs had significantly higher odds of getting an article published (OR = 16.21, 95% CI: 3.65–71.88). Additionally, students who had been taught how to write a paper and those who knew the process of submitting an article were more likely to get published than the others. Conclusion Our study has successfully highlighted the status of publishing among medical students in Pakistan. Our findings serve as an eye opener and call to action for authorities to address the grievances of students in terms of barriers, lack of mentorship, and lack of research teaching. We hope our findings can guide a strong policy change to facilitate the next generation of passionate researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Ahmad
- Department of General Medicine Punjab Medical College Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Shkaib Ahmad
- Department of General Medicine DG Khan Medical College DG Khan Pakistan
| | - Unaiza Ahmad
- Department of General Medicine Punjab Medical College Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | - Nida Iqbal
- Department of General Medicine Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College Azad Jammu and Kashmir Pakistan
| | - Abia Shahid
- Department of General Medicine King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan
| | - Badar Malik
- Department of General Medicine Punjab Medical College Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Amna Siddiqui
- Department of General Medicine Karachi Medical and Dental College Karachi Pakistan
| | - Huda Jaffar
- Department of General Medicine Dow Medical University Karachi Pakistan
| | - Usman Ghani
- Department of General Medicine Punjab Medical College Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Waqar Sarfraz
- Department of General Medicine Punjab Medical College Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Vrushali Shelar
- Department of General Medicine Saratov State Medical University Saratov Russia
| | - Ufaq Rahir
- Department of General Medicine JSS Medical College Mysuru India
| | - Maryam Zubair
- Department of General Medicine University of Tripoli Tripoli Libya
| | | | - Sifwa Safdar
- Department of General Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical College Lahore Pakistan
| | | | - Zain Ul Abadeen
- Department of General Medicine Punjab Medical College Faisalabad Pakistan
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Tsiouris A, Elgharably H, Ahmad U, Budev M, Lane C, Gadre S, Turowski J, Akindipe O, Koval C, Krishnan S, Unai S, Anandamurthy B, McCurry K, Yun J. Lung Transplant for Patients with COVID-19 Bridged with VV ECMO: Initial Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [PMCID: PMC8988694 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose During the COVID-19 pandemic, veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VV ECMO) has been used extensively for respiratory failure refractory to conventional mechanical ventilation (MV) and rescue maneuvers. However, the worldwide experience with COVID-19 patients undergoing lung transplant (LTx) with pre-LTx VV ECMO support is limited. Therefore, we sought to report our institution's early experience with COVID-19 patients who underwent LTx after VV ECMO. Methods We retrospectively identified 5 COVID-19 patients who underwent LTx after VV ECMO support. Patients were required to have a negative nasopharyngeal swab and a negative bronchoalveolar lavage for COVID-19 prior to LTx listing. We analyzed preoperative and operative characteristics, details of VV ECMO support and early post-transplant outcomes. Results The mean age of our cohort was 50 years (range 39-57 years) and all patients were male. Mean recipient BMI was 30 (range 22-37). Mean duration of VV ECMO pre-Ltx was 60 days (range 44-72 days). At the time of the LTx operation, 60% (3/5) of patients were on VV ECMO, 20% (1/5) were on mechanical ventilation (MV), and 20% (1/5) were on supplemental oxygen only. Preoperatively, 80% (4/5) had acute kidney injury and 20% (2/5) were on dialysis. LTx was performed via clamshell approach with intraoperative venoaterial ECMO support in all cases. For 60% (3/5) patients, VV ECMO support was continued after LTx and discontinued on postoperative days 0, 1 and 6, respectively. All-cause mortality was 40% (2/5), related to sepsis and multi-organ failure, and both deaths occurred an average of 115 days post-LTx. Mean length of stay for surviving patients was 59 days (range 22-117). In the first 3 months postop-LTx, grade A2 acute cellular rejection was noted in 2 patients, A1 in 2 patients, and antibody-mediated rejection in 1 patient. Conclusion Our early experience with LTx for COVID-19 patients supported with VV ECMO support is notable for 1) prolonged VV-ECMO duration and significant morbidity pre-LTx, and 2) early mortalities related to sepsis and multiple organ failure. These data highlight a uniquely complex patient population that carries high risk of multi-organ failure and other comorbidities dictating careful selection for transplant.
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Ayyat K, Weingarten N, Okamoto T, Sakanoue I, Ahmad U, Unai S, Yun J, Budev M, Elgharably H, McCurry K. Mechanical Circulatory Support During Lung Transplantation: Choices, Outcomes and Impact of Duration. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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10
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Ayyat K, Okamoto T, Sakanoue I, Elgharably H, Ahmad U, Unai S, Yun J, Budev M, McCurry K. Ex-Vivo Pulmonary Artery Angioscopy: A Novel Technique for Management of Donor Lung Pulmonary Embolism. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Sakanoue I, Okamoto T, Ayyat K, Yun J, Elgharably H, Unai S, Ahmad U, Budev M, McCurry K. Pulmonary Dead Space Fraction: A Predictive Factor for Transplant Suitability in Clinical Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Riaz MMA, Ahmad U, Mohan A, Dos Santos Costa AC, Khan H, Babar MS, Hasan MM, Essar MY, Zil-E-Ali A. Global impact of vaccine nationalism during COVID-19 pandemic. Trop Med Health 2021; 49:101. [PMID: 34963494 PMCID: PMC8714455 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-021-00394-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are the best chance to control the pandemic-unless leaders succumb to vaccine nationalism. Vaccine nationalism is a frequent recurrence, especially during a brand-new market distribution. The development of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines in such a short space of time is a testament to modern scientific abilities. It will also test the world's political will and moral commitment to end this pandemic. As desperate as the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine nationalism is already setting a foundation for itself and is considered socially and economically counterproductive. Vaccine equity is not just a theoretical slogan, and it protects people worldwide from new vaccine-resistant variants. Understanding and anticipating the consequences is vital, and creating a global solution approach to avoid them. This article evaluates the common issues previously faced and the plausible ones during this pandemic. A few recommendations are made to warn and accentuate the reality of this dire matter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anmol Mohan
- Karachi Medical & Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Hiba Khan
- Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
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Rahman HU, Khan W, Mehmood SA, Ahmed S, Yasmin S, Ahmad W, Haq ZU, Shah MIA, Khan R, Ahmad U, Khan AA, De Los Ríos Escalante P. Prevalence of cestodes infection among school children of urban parts of Lower Dir district, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e242205. [PMID: 34644726 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.242205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tapeworms of zoonotic importance have been described as a leading public health problem. Current research was aim to assess the prevalence of tapeworms among 5-12years school children residing in district Lower Dir, Pakistan from January 2019-December 2019. The wet mount preparation in saline/iodine/methods were used for stool examination. Data was analyzed using appropriate descriptive, static methods. Of the 400 children studied 71.7% were infected with one or more species of intestinal parasites. Single infection of cestode species was found in 69 individuals with 17.2% prevalence and multiple parasitic infections were identified in 19.7% (n=79/400) individuals. The multiple infection were comprised as 10% (n=40) double, 6.75% (n=27) triple and 3% (n=12) quadruple. A total of 9 species of helminths and one species of protozoan infection. Among the helminths Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent 33.1% (n=95), Taenia saginata 22.6% (n=65), hookworm 19.8% (n=57), Hymenolepis nana 18.8% (n=54), Enterobius vermicularis and Hymenolepis diminuta 1.39% (n=4each), Trichuris trichura 1.04% (n=3), Toxocara spp 0.69% (n=2) and Schistosoma japonicum 0.34% (n=1) were reported. One protozoan species was Cryptosporidium spp 0.69% (n=2) in current study. In case of A.lumbricoides, hookworm, E.vermicularis, T.trichura, T.saginata, H.nana and H.diminuta the male children of below 8 years of age were highly infected. Other infections are reported in the same prevalence with slight difference if any. We conclude that there is a need for mass scale campaigns to create awareness regarding health and hygiene in children and the need for development of effective poverty control programs because deworming alone is not adequate to control parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ur Rahman
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - W Khan
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - S A Mehmood
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - S Ahmed
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - S Yasmin
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - W Ahmad
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Z Ul Haq
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M I A Shah
- Abdul Wali Khan Unuversity Mardan, Department of Chemistry, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - R Khan
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - U Ahmad
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - A A Khan
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - P De Los Ríos Escalante
- Universidad Católica de Temuco, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Casilla 15-D, Temuco, Chile.,Núcleo de Estudios Ambientales UC Temuco, Casilla, Temuco, Chile
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Hussain S, Li X, Bukhari SM, Zhou M, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Javid A, Guan C, Hussain A, Ali W, Khalid N, Ahmad U, Tian L, Hou Z. Cross-genera amplification and identification of Colpodella sp. with Cryptosporidium primers in fecal samples of zoo felids from northeast China. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e247181. [PMID: 34495161 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.247181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The protozoans include many intracellular human pathogens. Accurate detection of these pathogens is necessary to treat the diseases. In clinical epidemiology, molecular identification of protozoan is considered a more reliable and rapid method for identification than microscopy. Among these protozoans, Cryptosporidium considered being one of the important water-borne zoonotic pathogens and a major cause of a diarrheal disease named cryptosporidiosis in humans, domestic animals, and wild animals. This study was aimed to identify Cryptosporidium in zoo felids (N= 56) belonging to different zoo of China, but accidentlly Colpodella was encountered in the zoo felids sample and phylogenetic data confirmed this unexpected amplification from fecal samples using two-step nested-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the fact about the specific primers used previously by many researchers and cross-genera amplification. We came to know that genetically sequenced amplicon gives more accurate identification of species. This study suggests more investigation on Colpodella which has been neglected previously but gains the attention of researchers after identified from humans and animals and has been known to correlate with neurological symptoms in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hussain
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Harbin, China
| | - X Li
- Harbin Northern Forest Zoo, Harbin, China
| | - S M Bukhari
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Zhou
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Harbin, China
| | - S Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - C Guan
- Harbin Northern Forest Zoo, Harbin, China
| | - A Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - W Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Khalid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - U Ahmad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - L Tian
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Harbin, China
| | - Z Hou
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Harbin, China.,China State Forestry Administration, Key Laboratory of Wildlife Conservation, Harbin, China
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15
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Malik S, Javid A, Hamidullah, Iqbal MA, Hussain A, Bukhari SM, Chaber AL, Hemmatzadeh F, Ismat N, Ali A, Azam SM, Mustafa G, Hussain S, Ahmad U, Ahmad A, Ali W. Phylogeography of cliff racer (Platyceps rhodorachis Jan, 1865) from Punjab, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e246243. [PMID: 34468516 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study reports the existence of cliff racer, Platyceps rhodorachis from the plains of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 10 specimens were captured during the field surveys from June to September, 2018 from different sites of Punjab. Platyceps rhodorachis was identify on the basis of morphology and confirmed through COI gene sequences. The obtained DNA sequences have shown reliable and exact species identification. Newly produced DNA sequences of Platyceps rhodorachis were submitted to GenBank and accession numbers were obtained (MK936174.1, MK941839.1 and MT790210.1). N-J tree based on COI sequences of Platyceps rhodorachis clearly separated as out-group with other members of family Colubridae based on p-distance. The intra-specific genetic variation ranges from 12% to 18%. The DNA sequences of Platyceps rhodorachis kashmirensis, Platyceps rhodorachis ladacensis, Platyceps ventromaculatus, Platyceps ventromaculatus bengalensis and Platyceps ventromaculatus indusai are not available at NCBI to validate their taxonomic positions. In our recommendations, a large scale molecular based identification of Pakistan's herpetofauna is required to report more new or subspecies from country.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Malik
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamidullah
- Islamia University Bahawalpur, Department of Zoology, Sub Campus Bahawalnagur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M A Iqbal
- Gomal University Sub Campus Tank, Department of Zoology, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - A Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Bukhari
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A L Chaber
- The University of Adelaide, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Adelaide, Australia
| | - F Hemmatzadeh
- The University of Adelaide, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Adelaide, Australia
| | - N Ismat
- The University of Lahore, Department of Molecular Biology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - S M Azam
- University of Education, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - G Mustafa
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - U Ahmad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Ahmad
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Para-Veterinary Institute, Karor, Layyah, (Sub-Campus), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - W Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
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Sadaf T, Javid A, Hussain A, Bukhari SM, Hussain SM, Ain Q, Ashraf S, Suleman S, Saleem M, Azam SM, Ahmad U, Ali W. Studies on parasitic prevalence in pet birds from Punjab, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e246229. [PMID: 34468515 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During this one year study, blood and fecal samples of doves (Zenaida asiatica), ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), pigeons (Columba livia), partridges (Alectoris chukar), turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) and goose (Chen caerulescens) were collected to assess the parasitic prevalence in these birds. The birds were kept at Avian Conservation and Research Center, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. All these avian species were kept in separate cages and their entire body was inspected on regularly basis to record external parasites. For internal parasites, 100 blood and 100 fecal samples for each species were analyzed. During present study, two species of ectoparasites i.e. fowl ticks (Args persicus) and mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) while 17 species of endoparasites; three from blood and 14 from fecal samples were identified. Prevalence of blood parasites was Plasmodium juxtanucleare 29.3%, Aegyptinella pullorum 15% and Leucoctoyzoon simond 13%. Parasitic species recorded from fecal samples included 6 species of nematodes viz. Syngamus trachea with parasitic prevalence of 50%, Capillaria anatis 40%, Capillaria annulata 37.5%, Heterakis gallinarum 28.3%, Ascardia galli 24% and Allodpa suctoria 2%. Similarly, two species of trematodes viz. Prosthogonimus ovatus having parasitic prevalence of 12.1% and Prosthogonimus macrorchis 9.1% were also recorded from fecal samples of the birds. Single cestode species Raillietina echinobothrida having parasitic prevalence of 27% and 3 protozoan species i.e. Eimeria maxima having prevalence 20.1%, Histomonas meleagridis 8% and Giardia lamblia 5.3% were recorded. In our recommendation, proper medication and sanitation of the bird's houses and cages is recommended to avoid parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sadaf
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Bukhari
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Hussain
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Q Ain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Ashraf
- The University of Lahore, Department of Zoology, Sargodha Campus, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - S Suleman
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Azam
- University of Education Lahore, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - U Ahmad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - W Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
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Mustafa G, Iqbal A, Javid A, Hussain A, Bukhari SM, Ali W, Saleem M, Azam SM, Sughra F, Ali A, Rehman KU, Andleeb S, Sadiq N, Hussain SM, Ahmad A, Ahmad U. Variations in nutritional profile of honey produced by various species of genus Apis. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e246651. [PMID: 34378683 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The medicinal attributes of honey appears to overshadow its importance as a functional food. Consequently, several literatures are rife with ancient uses of honey as complementary and alternative medicine, with relevance to modern day health care, supported by evidence-based clinical data, with little attention given to honey's nutritional functions. The moisture contents of honey extracted from University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore honey bee farm was 12.19% while that of natural source was 9.03 ± 1.63%. Similarly, ash and protein contents of farmed honey recorded were 0.37% and 5.22%, respectively. Whereas ash and protein contents of natural honey were 1.70 ± 1.98% and 6.10 ± 0.79%. Likewise fat, dietary fiber and carbohydrates contents of farmed source documented were 0.14%, 1.99% and 62.26% respectively. Although fat, dietary fiber and carbohydrates contents of honey taken from natural resource were 0.54 ± 0.28%, 2.76 ± 1.07% and 55.32 ± 2.91% respectively. Glucose and fructose contents of honey taken out from honeybee farm were 27% and 34% but natural source were 22.50 ± 2.12% and 28.50 ± 3.54%. Glucose and fructose contents of honey taken out from honeybee farm were 27% and 34% but natural source were 22.50 ± 2.12% and 28.50 ± 3.54%. Similarly, sucrose and maltose contents of farmed honey were 2.5% and 12% while in natural honey were 1.35 ± 0.49% and 8.00 ± 1.41% respectively. The present study indicates that such as moisture, carbohydrates, sucrose and maltose contents were higher farmed honey as compared to the natural honey. In our recommendation natural honey is better than farmed honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mustafa
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Iqbal
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Bukhari
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - W Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Azam
- University of Education, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F Sughra
- University of Education, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - K Ur Rehman
- Govt. College Women University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Sailkot, Pakistan
| | - S Andleeb
- Govt. College Women University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Sailkot, Pakistan
| | - N Sadiq
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Hussain
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Ahmad
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Para-Veterinary Institute, Karor, Layyah (Sub-Campus), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - U Ahmad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
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Maina MB, Ahmad U, Ibrahim HA, Hamidu SK, Nasr FE, Salihu AT, Abushouk AI, Abdurrazak M, Awadelkareem MA, Amin A, Imam A, Akinrinade ID, Yakubu AH, Azeez IA, Mohammed YG, Adamu AA, Ibrahim HB, Bukar AM, Yaro AU, Goni BW, Prieto-Godino LL, Baden T. Two decades of neuroscience publication trends in Africa. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3429. [PMID: 34103514 PMCID: PMC8187719 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23784-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroscience research in Africa remains sparse. Devising new policies to boost Africa's neuroscience landscape is imperative, but these must be based on accurate data on research outputs which is largely lacking. Such data must reflect the heterogeneity of research environments across the continent's 54 countries. Here, we analyse neuroscience publications affiliated with African institutions between 1996 and 2017. Of 12,326 PubMed indexed publications, 5,219 show clear evidence that the work was performed in Africa and led by African-based researchers - on average ~5 per country and year. From here, we extract information on journals and citations, funding, international coauthorships and techniques used. For reference, we also extract the same metrics from 220 randomly selected publications each from the UK, USA, Australia, Japan and Brazil. Our dataset provides insights into the current state of African neuroscience research in a global context.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Maina
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
- Biomedical Science Research and Training Centre, College of Medical Sciences, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria.
- TReND in Africa (www.TReNDinAfrica.org), Brighton, UK.
| | - U Ahmad
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bauchi State University, PMB 65, Gadau, Nigeria
| | - H A Ibrahim
- College of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - S K Hamidu
- TReND in Africa (www.TReNDinAfrica.org), Brighton, UK
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria
| | - F E Nasr
- TReND in Africa (www.TReNDinAfrica.org), Brighton, UK
- Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - A T Salihu
- Non-invasive Brain Stimulation and Neuroplasticity Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, Hasiya Bayero Paediatric Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - A I Abushouk
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Abdurrazak
- Sheka Primary Health Care Kumbotso, Kano, Nigeria
| | - M A Awadelkareem
- TReND in Africa (www.TReNDinAfrica.org), Brighton, UK
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neuroscience Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A Amin
- TReND in Africa (www.TReNDinAfrica.org), Brighton, UK
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - A Imam
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - I D Akinrinade
- TReND in Africa (www.TReNDinAfrica.org), Brighton, UK
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - A H Yakubu
- TReND in Africa (www.TReNDinAfrica.org), Brighton, UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - I A Azeez
- Department of Neuroscience Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Y G Mohammed
- TReND in Africa (www.TReNDinAfrica.org), Brighton, UK
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria
- Department of Biology, Neurobiology group, University of Konstanz, Baden Wurttemberg, Germany
| | - A A Adamu
- Department of Physiotherapy, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - H B Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, Nigeria
| | - A M Bukar
- Centre for Visual Computing, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - A U Yaro
- College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - B W Goni
- Department of Medicine, Yobe State University Teaching Hospital Damaturu PMB 1072, Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria
| | - L L Prieto-Godino
- TReND in Africa (www.TReNDinAfrica.org), Brighton, UK.
- Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - T Baden
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
- TReND in Africa (www.TReNDinAfrica.org), Brighton, UK.
- Institute of Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Cocozza AM, Linh NN, Nathavitharana RR, Ahmad U, Jaramillo E, Gargioni GEM, Fox GJ. An assessment of current tuberculosis patient care and support policies in high-burden countries. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:36-42. [PMID: 32005305 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT: Adherence to treatment for tuberculosis (TB) is an important predictor of treatment outcomes. The World Health Organization guidelines recommend a patient-centred approach to adherence support; however, the extent to which policies in high-burden countries facilitate this approach remains uncertain.DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey of current national patient care and support policies in high TB burden countries was performed.RESULT: Responses were provided by TB care programmes in 23 of the 30 high TB burden countries, comprising 77.4% of TB cases globally. Clinic-based and household adherence support and patient education were recommended in all countries, while policies for digital technologies and social supports have been adopted in a small minority of countries. Financial or material support (such as reimbursement for transportation) and psychological support to patients-if included in the policies-was mainly recommended only for specific sub-groups of patients.CONCLUSION: National policies in many countries have not yet fully adopted global recommendations for patient care and support. Further scale-up of evidence-based approaches to care is required to improve quality of care for patients in high TB burden settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Cocozza
- Global Tuberculosis Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Global Health, Global Studies Institute, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - N N Linh
- Global Tuberculosis Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva
| | - R R Nathavitharana
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - U Ahmad
- The Central Clinical School, The Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - E Jaramillo
- Global Tuberculosis Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva
| | - G E M Gargioni
- Global Tuberculosis Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva
| | - G J Fox
- The Central Clinical School, The Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Elgharably H, Ayyat K, Okamoto T, Thuita L, Yun J, Ahmad U, McCurry K. High Grade Primary Graft Dysfunction after Lung Transplantation is Associated with Acute Rejection but Not Chronic Allograft Dysfunction. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Appleyard J, Kamposioras K, Papaxoinis G, Collinson F, Ahmad U, Wright F, Damyanova I, Razzaq M, Anthoney A. P-126 Markers of tumour inflammation are prognostic for overall survival in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma receiving FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Nasser NS, Loh JL, Rashid AA, Sharifat H, Ahmad U, Ibrahim B, Mustafa S, Hoo FK, Ching SM, Suppiah S S. A survey on smartphone dependence and psychological effects among undergraduate students in a Malaysian University. Med J Malaysia 2020; 75:356-362. [PMID: 32723994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Problematic smartphone use (PSU) is the development of pathological dependence at the expense of performing activities of daily living, thus having negative health and psychological impact on the users. Previous PSU studies focused on medical students and little is known regarding its effect on students undergoing other courses. The objective of this study is to identify the pattern of smartphone usage and determine the psychological factors affecting PSU among undergraduate students in Malaysia and compare the pattern among students from different fields of study. METHOD A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted using the validated Smartphone Addiction Scale-Malay version (SAS-M) questionnaire. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the correlation between the PSU among the students categorised by their ethnicity, hand dominance and by their field of study. MLR analysis was applied to predict PSU based on socio-demographic data, usage patterns, psychological factors and fields of study. RESULTS A total of 1060 students completed the questionnaire. Most students had some degree of problematic usage of the smartphone. Students used smartphones predominantly to access SNAs, namely Instagram. Longer duration on the smartphone per day, younger age at first using a smartphone and underlying depression carried higher risk of developing PSU, whereas the field of study (science vs. humanities based) did not contribute to an increased risk of developing PSU. CONCLUSION Findings from this study can help better inform university administrators about at- risk groups of undergraduate students who may benefit from targeted intervention designed to reduce their addictive behaviour patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Nasser
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J L Loh
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A A Rashid
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Imaging, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - H Sharifat
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - U Ahmad
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Medical Genetics Laboratory (MGL), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - B Ibrahim
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S Mustafa
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - F K Hoo
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Neurology Unit, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S M Ching
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S Suppiah S
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ahmad U, Siddiqui H, Rappaport J, Gabbard S, Tang A, Lane C, Akindipe O, Gadre S, Lehr C, Mehta A, Budev M, Bribriesco A, McCurry K, Blackstone E, Murthy S. Should Pre-Transplant Esophageal Dysmotility Preclude Candidacy for Lung Transplantation? J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Zayat R, Ahmad U, Twarie L, Moza A, Schaelte G, Allham O, Haneya A, Khattab M, Schnoering H, Autschbach R. Combining Ultrafast Anaesthesia and Minimal Invasive Implantation in HeartMate 3: A Pilot Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Fleming C, Stephans K, Broughman J, Rybicki L, Budev M, Ahmad U, Videtic G. Outcomes after SBRT for Inoperable Early Stage Lung Cancers Arising in Organ Transplant Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kamposioras K, Razzaq M, Ahmad U, Damyanova I, Papaxoinis G. Systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) predicts poor survival in pancreatic cancer patients treated with FOLFIRINOX. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Woelke E, Grottke O, Goetzenich A, Steinseifer U, Schmitz-Rode T, Ahmad U, Autschbach R, Moza A, Zayat R. Perioperative Changes of Angiogenic Factors and Von Willebrand Factor: Comparison between HeartMate II and HeartMate 3 Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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28
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Zayat R, Ahmad U, Tewarie L, Schaelte G, Moza A, Autschbach R. Benefits of Ultra-Fast-Track Anaesthesia after HeartMate 3 Implantation: A Pilot Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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29
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Zayat R, Ahmad U, Khattab A, Schnöring H, Tewarie L, Moza A, Autschbach R. Comparison of Hemocompatibility-Related Adverse Events between HeartMate 3 and HeartMate II Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Study. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1679025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Zayat
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - U. Ahmad
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - A. Khattab
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - H. Schnöring
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - L. Tewarie
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - A. Moza
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - R. Autschbach
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Safrizal, Sutrisno, Lilik PEN, Ahmad U, Samsudin. Estimation of Sensory Analysis Cupping Test Arabica Coffee Using NIR Spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/147/1/012008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Okamoto T, Niikawa H, Tu C, Unai S, Zeeshan A, Ahmad U, Tong M, Johnston D, Budev M, McCurry K. Single Center Experience of Controlled Donation After Circulatory Death in Lung Transplantation at Cleveland Clinic. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Zayat R, Khattab M, Ahmad U, Stoppe C, Tewarie L, Moza A, Goetzenich A, Autschbach R. Are Elevated Serum Hemolysis Markers a Harbinger of Thromboembolic Events in Heartmate II Patients? J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Rafiroiu S, Ahmad U, Koval C, Hassouna H, Toth A, McCurry K, Johnston D, Ibrahim M, Budev M, Blackstone E, Pettersson G, Tong M. Consequences of Delayed Chest Closure During Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Zayat R, Goetzenich A, Grottke O, Stoppe C, Ahmad U, Khattab M, Tewarie L, Moza A, Autschbach R. Platelet Function, von Willebrand Factor and Hemocompatibility-related Adverse Events in Heartmate 3 and Heartmate II Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Jain P, Ahmad U, Murthy S, Stephans K, Khorrami M, Madabhushi A, Velcheti V. MA 17.11 Prediction of Response to Trimodality Therapy Using CT-Derived Radiomic Features in Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yasmeen S, Ahmad U. Efficacy of chemotherapy for locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer: A single institution experience from a third world country. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx660.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hakim A, Ahmad U, McCurry K, Johnston D, Pettersson G, Budev M, Murthy S, Blackstone E, Tong M. Contemporary Outcomes of ECMO Used as Bridge to Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Filosso PL, Yao X, Ahmad U, Ruffini E, Antonicelli A, Huang J, Guerrera F, Venuta F, Van Raemdonck D, Travis W, Rimner A, Thomas P, Lucchi M, Rocco G, Weder W, Detterbeck F, Korst R. F-118COMPARISON OF OUTCOMES BETWEEN NEUROENDOCRINE THYMIC TUMOURS AND OTHER SUBTYPES OF THYMIC CARCINOMAS: A JOINT ANALYSIS OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF THORACIC SURGEONS (ESTS) AND THE INTERNATIONAL THYMIC MALIGNANCY INTEREST GROUP (ITMIG). Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivv204.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Bansal A, Bhama J, Patel H, Desai S, Mandras S, Ahmad U, Laudun S, Patel R, Reily J, Ventura H, Parrino E. Bridge-to-Decision LVAD Support Using the Impella 5.0 Via a Right Subclavian Artery Approach. J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Aiken AM, Haddow JB, Symons NRA, Kaptanis S, Katz-Summercorn AC, Debnath D, Dent H, Tayeh S, Kung V, Clark S, Gahir J, Dindyal S, Farag S, Lazaridis A, Bretherton CP, Williams S, Currie A, West H, Davies J, Arora S, Kheraj A, Stubbs BM, Yassin N, Mallappa S, Garrett G, Hislop S, Bhangu A, Abbey Y, Al-Shoek I, Ahmad U, Sharp G, Memarzadeh A, Patel A, Ali F, Kaderbhai H, Knowles CH. Use of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective inguinal hernia repair in adults in London and south-east England: a cross-sectional survey. Hernia 2013; 17:657-64. [PMID: 23543332 PMCID: PMC3788180 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-013-1061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Evidence regarding whether or not antibiotic prophylaxis is beneficial in preventing post-operative surgical site infection in adult inguinal hernia repair is conflicting. A recent Cochrane review based on 17 randomised trials did not reach a conclusion on this subject. This study aimed to describe the current practice and determine whether clinical equipoise is prevalent. Methods Surgeons in training were recruited to administer the Survey of Hernia Antibiotic Prophylaxis usE survey to consultant-level general surgeons in London and the south-east of England on their practices and beliefs regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in adult elective inguinal hernia repair. Local prophylaxis guidelines for the participating hospital sites were also determined. Results The study was conducted at 34 different sites and received completed surveys from 229 out of a possible 245 surgeons, a 93 % response rate. Overall, a large majority of hospital guidelines (22/28) and surgeons’ personal beliefs (192/229, 84 %) supported the use of single-dose pre-operative intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis in inguinal hernia repair, although there was considerable variation in the regimens in use. The most widely used regimen was intravenous co-amoxiclav (1.2 g). Less than half of surgeons were adherent to their own hospital antibiotic guidelines for this procedure, although many incorrectly believed that they were following these. Conclusion In the south-east of England, there is a strong majority of surgical opinion in favour of the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in this procedure. It is therefore likely to be extremely difficult to conduct further randomised studies in the UK to support or refute the effectiveness of prophylaxis in this commonly performed procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Aiken
- c/o National Centre for Bowel Research and Surgical Innovation, 1st Floor Abernathy Building, 2 Newark St, Whitechapel, London, E1 2AT, UK
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Boenisch O, Lopez M, Elyaman W, Magee CN, Ahmad U, Najafian N. Ex vivo expansion of human Tregs by rabbit ATG is dependent on intact STAT3-signaling in CD4⁺ T cells and requires the presence of monocytes. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:856-66. [PMID: 22390202 PMCID: PMC3777828 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The addition of low, nondepleting doses of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (ATG) to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells has been shown to expand functional CD4(+) CD25(+) FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) in vitro. This report is the first to elucidate the exact cellular mechanisms of ATG-mediated Treg expansion. CD4(+) T cells require monocytes, but not other antigen presenting cell subsets, to be present in coculture to expand Tregs. However, T cells do not require direct cell-cell contact with monocytes, suggesting the importance of soluble factors. Moreover, ATG initially "reprograms" CD4(+) T cells, but not monocytes, and induces STAT3 and STAT5 signaling in CD4(+) cells. These reprogrammed CD4(+) T cells subsequently secrete GM-CSF and IL-10 only in case of intact STAT3 signaling, which in turn promote the generation of tolerogenic CD14(+) CD11c(+) dendritic cells characterized by enhanced IL-10 and decreased IL-12 production. Treg expansion following ATG treatment is accompanied by enhanced gene expression of both GM-CSF and Bcl-2, but not TGF-β, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results demonstrate that ex vivo expansion of human Tregs by ATG is due to its ability to reprogram CD4(+) T cells in a STAT3-dependent but TGF-β-independent manner, leading to the generation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells with a tolerogenic cytokine profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Boenisch
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - M. Lopez
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - W. Elyaman
- Center of Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - C. N. Magee
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - U. Ahmad
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - N. Najafian
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Corresponding author: Nader Najafian,
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Starling R, Stehlik J, Nicholls S, Ikle D, Chandraker A, Teresa F, Baran D, Wolski K, Mfarrej B, Ahmad U, Sayegh M, Heeger P. 542 Incidence of Coronary Artery Vasculopathy Has Decreased with Modern Immunosuppression: Insights from Clinical Trials in Organ Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Khawaja MR, Taj F, Saleheen D, Ahmad U, Chohan MO, Jafar T, Frossard PM. Association study of two interleukin-1 gene loci with essential hypertension in a Pakistani Pathan population. J Hum Hypertens 2007; 22:60-2. [PMID: 17611547 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1002257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M R Khawaja
- Medical College, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
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Wahab S, Ahmad U, Ahmad I, Haque F. Radiological quiz - neuroradiology. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0971-3026.32393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
Limited weight loss following jejunoileal bypass in 24 diabetic persons who were still distinctly overweight five to ten months after a mean weight decrease of 78 lbs. was accompanied by a return of normal fasting glucose and insulin levels, normal insulin responses, and a decrease in glucose intolerance. The glucose disappearance rate had improved in the majority of the subjects, but only three had attained values in the normal range. Concomitants of the undue hyperglycemia and/or obesity included labile and, rarely, sustained hypertension and/or cardiomegaly. The blood pressure returned to normal but heart size did not change. Electrocardiographic abnormalities noted in about one-half of the patients persisted after the operation. Triglyceride and cholesterol levels decreased. No patients had diabetic retinopathy visible on funduscopy. Proteinuria did not change in three patients. Neuropathy consisting of absent ankle reflexes and/or decreased vibration perception noted in one-half of the subjects persisted despite the improvement in carbohydrate metabolism.
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Abstract
Abnormal endocrine indices and myopathy have been variably present in two brothers with Bloom's syndrome (congenital teleangiectatic erythema, hypersensitivity to light, and growth retardation). These consisted of: (1) growth retardation with height and weight below the third centiles; in the younger one at age 14, hypoglycaemia failed to elicit a rise in growth hormone but did so in the older one at age 17; (2) serum TSH was raised in the older one in whom serum FSH and LH were also above the normal range; and (3) myopathy characterised by pronounced dilatation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum was present in the younger one; distinct reduction of muscle strength was shown in his older brother with ultrastructural alteration of skeletal muscle of unknown significance.
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Schmitt T, Luqman W, McCool C, Lenz F, Ahmad U, Nolan S, Stephan T, Sunder JH, Danowski TS. Unresponsiveness to exogenous TSH in obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 1977; 1:185-90. [PMID: 82548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
(1). Assessment of thyroidal and other indices in 275 instances of obesity with body weight excesses up to 200 percent or more of the ideal revealed absent thyroidal I131 uptake responses to TSH in about one out of five patients. Moreover, basal thyroidal I131 uptake of 10 percent or less, prolongation of ankle reflex time, or high levels of serum cholesterol were present in a minority. Also, occasional instances of unduly elevated serum TSH titers were found. Some of the indices deviated from normal more often with the greater excesses of body weight or with increased age. (2). These findings are consonant with a hypothesis that routine thyroidal or related indices are sporadically abnormal in massive obesity almost always without overt hypothyroidism or myxedema, that total unresponsiveness to exogenous TSH is surprisingly frequent, and that such unresponsiveness represents an unexplained endocrine anomaly in association with gross overweight. (3). Our data suggest that some obese persons are not able to respond to exogenous TSH, nor, presumably, to increases of endogenous TSH. This could result in an economy of caloric expenditure and play a contributory role in the genesis or the perpetuation of the obesity.
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McCool C, Luqman W, Schmitt T, Raymundo R, Nolan S, Stephan T, Ahmad U, Danowski TS. Transient insulin increase in reactive hypoglycemia in obese and non-obese subjects. Int J Obes (Lond) 1977; 1:179-83. [PMID: 617330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
(1). Insulin levels at the moment of glucose-induced reactive hypoglycemia have been compared with zero-hour insulin levels in 108 subjects in whom the blood glucose had decreased to 50 mg percent or less (50 to 31 mg) at the third, fourth, or fifth hour in the course of an oral glucose tolerance test (1.75 g/kg of body weight). (2). Of the 47 obese subjects, insulin levels at the time of the reactive hypoglycemia were inappropriately high, ie exceeded the fasting insulin level by 20 uU/ml or more in 38 percent and by 40 microunits/ml or higher in 26 percent of the tests. (3). In 61 non-obese subjects, employing the same criteria, inappropriately high insulinemia at the time of reactive hypoglycemia was recorded with about the same frequency. (4). In each instance of reactive hypoglycemia of 50 mg percent or less with concomitant insulin levels above the starting value to the degree stipulated, the so-termed inappropriate hyperinsulinemia was transient. In other words, judging by levels preceding and/or following the reactive hypoglycemia, insulin titers were decreasing and hence, the inappropriately high insulin level at the moment of hypoglycemia represented a lag phenomenon. (5). The above data suggest that insulin levels elevated above the starting value may play a role in reactive hypoglycemia. In subjects with insulin levels at the time of reactive hypoglycemia equal to or below the starting value, the low blood glucose level cannot be attributed to insulin. In such instances, delay or lag in hepatic glucose output and/or counter-regulatory responses probably play the dominant or sole role in the reactive hypoglycemia.
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