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Bogdanov A, Tambovtseva V, Matveevsky S, Bakloushinskaya I. Speciation on the Roof of the World: Parallel Fast Evolution of Cryptic Mole Vole Species in the Pamir-Alay-Tien Shan Region. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1751. [PMID: 37629608 PMCID: PMC10455883 DOI: 10.3390/life13081751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Speciation is not always accompanied by morphological changes; numerous cryptic closely related species were revealed using genetic methods. In natural populations of Ellobius tancrei (2n = 54-30) and E. alaicus (2n = 52-48) of the Pamir-Alay and Tien Shan, the chromosomal variability due to Robertsonian translocations has been revealed. Here, by comprehensive genetic analysis (karyological analyses as well as sequencing of mitochondrial genes, cytb and COI, and nuclear genes, XIST and IRBP) of E. alaicus and E. tancrei samples from the Inner Tien Shan, the Alay Valley, and the Pamir-Alay, we demonstrated fast and independent diversification of these species. We described an incompletely consistent polymorphism of the mitochondrial and nuclear markers, which arose presumably because of habitat fragmentation in the highlands, rapid karyotype changes, and hybridization of different intraspecific varieties and species. The most intriguing results are a low level of genetic distances calculated from mitochondrial and nuclear genes between some phylogenetic lines of E. tancrei and E. alaicus, as well significant species-specific chromosome variability in both species. The chromosomal rearrangements are what most clearly define species specificity and provide further diversification. The "mosaicism" and inconsistency in polymorphism patterns are evidence of rapid speciation in these mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey Bogdanov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Valentina Tambovtseva
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Sergey Matveevsky
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Irina Bakloushinskaya
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
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Tukhbatullin A, Ermakov O, Kapustina S, Starikov V, Tambovtseva V, Titov S, Brandler O. Surrounded by Kindred: Spermophilus major Hybridization with Other Spermophilus Species in Space and Time. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:880. [PMID: 37372163 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Among the numerous described cases of hybridization in mammals, the most intriguing are (a) cases of introgressive hybridization deeply affecting the evolutionary history of species, and (b) models involving not a pair of species but a multi-species complex. Therefore, the hybridization history of the russet ground squirrel Spermophilus major, whose range has repeatedly changed due to climatic fluctuations and now borders the ranges of four related species, is of great interest. The main aims of this study were to determine the direction and intensity of gene introgression, the spatial depth of the infiltration of extraneous genes into the S. major range, and to refine the hypothesis of the hybridogenic replacement of mitochondrial genomes in the studied group. Using phylogenetic analysis of the variability of mitochondrial (CR, cytb) and nuclear (SmcY, BGN, PRKCI, c-myc, i6p53) markers, we determined the contribution of neighboring species to the S. major genome. We showed that 36% of S. major individuals had extraneous alleles. All peripheral species that were in contact with S. major contributed towards its genetic variability. We also proposed a hypothesis for the sequence and localization of serial hybridization events. Our assessment of the S. major genome implications of introgression highlights the importance of implementing conservation measures to protect this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Tukhbatullin
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 26, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Oleg Ermakov
- Faculty of Physics, Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Belinsky Institute of Teacher Education, Penza State University, Lermontov Str. 37, Penza 440026, Russia
| | - Svetlana Kapustina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 26, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Vladimir Starikov
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Technical Sciences, Surgut State University, Lenin Avenue 1, Surgut 628412, Russia
| | - Valentina Tambovtseva
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 26, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Sergey Titov
- Faculty of Physics, Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Belinsky Institute of Teacher Education, Penza State University, Lermontov Str. 37, Penza 440026, Russia
| | - Oleg Brandler
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 26, Moscow 119334, Russia
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Matveevsky S, Bakloushinskaya I, Tambovtseva V, Atsaeva M, Grishaeva T, Bogdanov A, Kolomiets O. Nonhomologous Chromosome Interactions in Prophase I: Dynamics of Bizarre Meiotic Contacts in the Alay Mole Vole Ellobius alaicus (Mammalia, Rodentia). Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122196. [PMID: 36553461 PMCID: PMC9778597 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonhomologous chromosome interactions take place in both somatic and meiotic cells. Prior to this study, we had discovered special contacts through the SYCP3 (synaptonemal complex protein 3) filament between the short arms of nonhomologous acrocentrics at the pachytene stage in the Alay mole vole, and these contacts demonstrate several patterns from proximity to the complete fusion stage. Here, we investigated the nonhomologous chromosome contacts in meiotic prophase I. It turned out that such contacts do not introduce changes into the classic distribution of DNA double-strand breaks. It is noteworthy that not all meiotic contacts were localized in the H3k9me3-positive heterochromatic environment. Both in the mid zygotene and in the early-mid diplotene, three types of contacts (proximity, touching, and anchoring/tethering) were observed, whereas fusion seems to be characteristic only for pachytene. The number of contacts in the mid pachytene is significantly higher than that in the zygotene, and the distance between centromeres in nonhomologous contacts is also the smallest in mid pachytene for all types of contacts. Thus, this work provides a new insight into the behavior of meiotic contacts during prophase I and points to avenues of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Matveevsky
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Irina Bakloushinskaya
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina Tambovtseva
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maret Atsaeva
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Cell Biology, Morphology and Microbiology, Chechen State University, 364024 Grozny, Russia
| | - Tatiana Grishaeva
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey Bogdanov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oxana Kolomiets
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Matveevsky S, Bakloushinskaya I, Tambovtseva V, Romanenko S, Kolomiets O. Analysis of meiotic chromosome structure and behavior in Robertsonian heterozygotes of Ellobius tancrei (Rodentia, Cricetidae): a case of monobrachial homology. Comp Cytogenet 2015; 9:691-706. [PMID: 26752380 PMCID: PMC4698581 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v9i4.5674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Synaptonemal complex (SC) chains were revealed in semisterile intraspecific F1 hybrids of Ellobius tancrei Blasius, 1884 (2n = 49, NF=56 and 2n=50, NF=56), heterozygous for Robertsonian (Rb) translocations. Chains were formed by Rb submetacentrics with monobrachial homology. Chromosome synapsis in spermatocytes of these hybrids was disturbed, apparently because of the problematic release of the chromosomes from the SC chains. These hybrids suffer from low fertility, and our data support the opinion that this is because a formation of Rb metacentrics with monobrachial homology within different races of the same species might be an initial event for the divergence of chromosomal forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Matveevsky
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, RAS, 3 Gubkin st., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Irina Bakloushinskaya
- N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, RAS, 26 Vavilov st., Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | | | - Svetlana Romanenko
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch, RAS, 8/2 Av. Acad. Lavrent’ev, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogov st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Oxana Kolomiets
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, RAS, 3 Gubkin st., Moscow, 119991, Russia
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