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Santos DSD, Klauck V, Theisen C, Bordigon B, Farina R, Pereira WAB, Souza CF, Baldissera MD, Schogor ALB, Vedovatto M, Palmer EA, Silva ASDA. Addition of açai oil during the close-up dry period of Holstein cows improves colostrum quality and immune responses of their calves. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20201592. [PMID: 35830021 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220201592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated of the effects of açai oil during the close-up dry period of Holstein cows on colostrum quality, as well as on the immune and antioxidant responses of their calves. Sixteen multiparous cows were assigned randomly to two treatments: 1) CONTROL (n = 8) - 4.48% of soybean oil/concentrate; 2) AÇAI (n =8) - 4.48% of açai oil/concentrate. Cows fed with açai oil had greater (P≤0.04) colostrum concentrations of immunoglobulins (Ig) G (1st and 2nd milking), IgG heavy chains, IgA (only at 1st milking), alpha-lactalbumin (1st milking), total protein, and antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (only at 1st milking). Cows fed with açai oil had greater serum concentrations of globulin (only on the day of calving) and total protein (only on the day of calving) (P = 0.03). Calves born of cows fed with açai oil had greater serum concentrations of total protein (only 24 and 48 h after calving) and serum concentration of IgG heavy chain (only 24 h after calving) and globulin (only 24 and 48 h after calving) (P = 0.01). These data suggest that the addition of açai oil in the cow feed during the close-up dry period boosted immunity in their calves by altering the composition of colostrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane S Dos Santos
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanini, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Klauck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanini, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Cleiton Theisen
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão de Fazendas de Leite, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC), Rua Dirceu Giordani, 696, Jardim Universitário, 89820-000 Xanxerê, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bordigon
- Técnica Agrícola, Escola de Educação Básica Padre Vendelino Seidel, Rua 1° De Maio, 257, Centro, 89899-000, Ipora Do Oeste, SC, Brazil
| | - Renan Farina
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Rodovia SC 283, Km 17, 89703-720 Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Wanderson A B Pereira
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Rodovia SC 283, Km 17, 89703-720 Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Faculdade IELUSC, Rua Princesa Isabel, 438, Centro, 89201-270 Joinville, SC, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza B Schogor
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanini, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanini, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vedovatto
- Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul, Departamento de Ciência Animal, Rodovia Aquidauana, Km 12, Zona Rural, 79200-000 Aquidauana, MS, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth A Palmer
- Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3401 Experiment Station, Ona, FL 33865, Florida, USA
| | - Aleksandro S DA Silva
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanini, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanini, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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2
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Santos DSD, Klauck V, Souza CF, Baldissera MD, Theisen C, Bordignon B, Alba DF, Reis JH, Gebert RR, Vedovatto M, Silva ASDA. Effects of the inclusion of açai oil in diet of prepartum Holstein cows on milk production, somatic cell counts and future lactation. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20200149. [PMID: 33237142 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020200149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We measured the effects of açai oil in the diets of prepartum cows to evaluate health, milk production and quality. Sixteen Holstein cows were divided into two groups: SOY used as control, and AÇAI, test group. Occurred inclusion of 4% soybean or açai oils was provided in the concentrate starting at 20 days prepartum [d -20 to d 0 (partum-day)]. The AÇAI diet increased (P=0.01) milk production (d 10 and 20) and reduced somatic cell count (d 20). In milk, no effects were detected (P≥0.10) for concentration of fat, lactose or protein as well as in terms of serum concentration of calcium, albumin or triglycerides. AÇAI diet tended to increase (P=0.09) serum concentrations of total protein, glutathione transferase (d 4), and total antioxidant capacity (d 4 and 10) and increased (P≤0.05) globulin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (d 4). Further, AÇAI diet reduced the serum concentration of creatine kinase (P≤0.05) (d 0, 4 and 10), reactive oxygen species (d 0 and 4) and lipoperoxidation (d 0) and tended to reduce aspartate transaminase activity (P=0.07; d 0 and 4). Açai oil in the diets in prepartum cows improved their health as well as milk production and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane S Dos Santos
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Klauck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cleiton Theisen
- Programa de Graduação em Gestão de Fazendas de Leite, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina/UNOESC, Rua Dirceu Giordani, 696, Jardim Taruma, 89820-000 Xanxerê, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bordignon
- Técnico Agrícola, Padre Vendelino Seidel Primary School, Rua Primeiro de Maio, 257, Centro, 89899-000 Iporã do Oeste, SC, Brazil
| | - Davi F Alba
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - JoÃo H Reis
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Roger R Gebert
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vedovatto
- Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul, Departamento de Ciência Animal, Rodovia Aquidauana, Km 12, Zona Rural, 79200-000 Aquidauana, MS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S DA Silva
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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da S Dos Santos D, Klauck V, Campigotto G, Alba DF, Dos Reis JH, Gebert RR, Souza CF, Baldissera MD, Schogor ALB, Santos ID, Wagner R, Vedovatto M, Da Silva AS. Benefits of the inclusion of açai oil in the diet of dairy sheep in heat stress on health and milk production and quality. J Therm Biol 2019; 84:250-258. [PMID: 31466761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether the addition of açai (Euterpe oleracea) oil in the diets of lactating sheep under heat stress exerted beneficial effects on health as well as milk production and quality. Eighteen multiparous Lacaune sheep (2 or 3 parities; 28-30 days of lactation; average milk production of 1.7 L/sheep/day) were stratified by parity and milk production and were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 treatments (9 sheep/treatment): diet supplemented with 2% of soybean oil (SOY) or 2% of açai oil (AÇAI) in the concentrate for 14 days. The amount of oil added in the diet was equivalent to 0.65% of the total diet (dry matter basis). Blood and milk samples were collected on days 1, 10 and 14. On day 14, the AÇAI group sheep had lower serum concentrations of leukocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes than did the SOY group sheep. On day 14, AÇAI group sheep had lower serum concentration of triglycerides and urea, milk concentration of fat and total solid and milk lipid peroxidation than did SOY group sheep. However, on day 14, AÇAI group sheep had higher serum concentrations of glucose and globulin, serum and milk antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals, milk production and productive efficiency than did SOY group sheep. The fatty acids profile in milk did not differ between groups. These data suggest that açai oil improved the antioxidant activity in serum and milk and improved milk production and quality in dairy sheep under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane da S Dos Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Klauck
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - Gabriela Campigotto
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - Davi F Alba
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - João H Dos Reis
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - Roger R Gebert
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | | | - Ana Luiza B Schogor
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - Ingrid D Santos
- Department of Food Science and Technology, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Roger Wagner
- Department of Food Science and Technology, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vedovatto
- Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Ona, FL, USA
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil; Graduate Program of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil.
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Santos DSD, Boito JP, Klauck V, Reis JHD, Gebert RR, Glombowsky P, Biazus AH, Bottari NB, Sousa RS, Machado G, Leal MLR, Baldissera MD, Berwanger JC, Silva ASDA. Health benefits of subcutaneous zinc edetate and diphenyl diselenide in calves during the weaning period. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2019; 91:e20171042. [PMID: 30994751 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920171042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate whether treatments with zinc edetate (Zn) and diphenyl diselenide ((PhSe)2) enhance performance, immune responses, protein metabolism, and oxidant/antioxidant status in calf serum and muscle. Animals were divided into four groups (n=6 each): control (without supplementation), and groups supplemented on days 50 and 70 of life with (PhSe)2, Zn, and a combination of (PhSe)2 and Zn. Animals treated with (PhSe)2 gained more weight by experimental day 220 than did the control group, but there was no difference by the end of the experiment (day 300). The absolute number of leukocytes and lymphocytes increased in groups Zn and (PhSe)2+Zn on day 20 of experiment, but decreased on day 40 in groups (PhSe)2, and (PhSe)2+Zn. The number of monocytes decreased in all groups compared with control. One of the principal findings was that (PhSe)2+Zn together had beneficial effects on protein metabolism, represented by increases total protein and globulin levels, compared with the control group. The combination of (PhSe)2 and Zn led to low levels of TBARS and ROS in serum and muscle, and stimulated antioxidant enzyme activities. Thus, supplementation with (PhSe)2+Zn may be a compelling approach to augmenting the calf antioxidant system during weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane S Dos Santos
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680D, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Jhonatan P Boito
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680D, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Klauck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680D, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - João H Dos Reis
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680D, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Roger R Gebert
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680D, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Glombowsky
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680D, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Angelisa H Biazus
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680D, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/UFSM, Avenida Roraima, 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rejane S Sousa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade de São Paulo/USP, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Machado
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Gortner Ave, 1365, St. Paul, 55108 MN, USA
| | - Marta L R Leal
- Departamento de Grandes Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/UFSM, Avenida Roraima, 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/UFSM, Avenida Roraima, 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jean C Berwanger
- Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Norte do Paraná/UNOPAR, Avenida Paris, Jardim Piza, 675, 86083-070 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S DA Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680D, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680D, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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Klauck V, Pazinato R, Volpato A, da Silva dos Santos D, Santos RCV, Baldissera MD, da Silva AS. Insecticidal effect of several essential oils against Musca domestica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-017-2572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Dos Santos DS, Boito JP, Santos RCV, Quatrin PM, Ourique AF, Dos Reis JH, Gebert RR, Glombowsky P, Klauck V, Boligon AA, Baldissera MD, Da Silva AS. Nanostructured cinnamon oil has the potential to control Rhipicephalus microplus ticks on cattle. Exp Appl Acarol 2017; 73:129-138. [PMID: 28852887 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-017-0171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of pure and nanostructured cinnamon oil to control the infestation and reproductive efficiency of Rhipicephalus microplus on dairy cows. In vitro (stage I)-engorged female ticks were immersed in concentrations of 1.0, 5.0 and 10% of cinnamon oil on its pure form, and 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0% of the nanostructured form. 10% cinnamon oil (pure form) showed 100% efficacy, whereas concentrations of 1 and 5% were 62 and 97% efficacious, respectively. Nanocapsules and nanoemulsions containing cinnamon oil at 5% showed 95 and 97% efficacy, respectively. In vivo (stage II)-16 naturally tick-infested cows were divided into four groups of four animals each: Group A was composed of dairy cows sprayed with Triton (control); Group B was composed of dairy cows sprayed with cinnamon oil in its pure form (5%), whereas groups C and D were composed of dairy cows sprayed with nanocapsules and nanoemulsions, respectively, containing cinnamon oil at 0.5%. The ticks on each animal were counted on days 0, 1, 4 and 20 after spraying. Animals sprayed with pure and nanoencapsulated cinnamon oil carried significantly fewer ticks on days 1 and 4 post-treatment and were free of ticks on day 20 post-treatment. Ticks collected from these dairy cows (24 h after application) had impaired oviposition and larval inhibition, resulting in 90.5 and 100% efficacy when using pure and nanocapsules, respectively. In conclusion, the pure and nanostructured forms of cinnamon oil interfered with tick reproduction, whereas a significant acaricidal effect was found when applied onto cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane S Dos Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Jhonatan P Boito
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Roberto C V Santos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Priscilla M Quatrin
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - João H Dos Reis
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Roger R Gebert
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Glombowsky
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Klauck
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Aline A Boligon
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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Klauck V, Pazinato R, Radavelli WM, Custódio E, Bianchi AE, Camillo G, Cezar AS, Vogel FF, Tonin AA, Ferreira R, Stefani LM, Da Silva AS. Toxoplasma gondii infection in dairy ewes: Vertical transmission and influence on milk production and reproductive performance. Microb Pathog 2016; 99:101-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Da Silva AS, da Silva Krawczak F, Soares JF, Klauck V, Pazinato R, Marcili A, Labruna MB. Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi infection in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) from a nonendemic area in Brazil. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 28:171-4. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638715626487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In South America, capybaras ( Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) as well as coatis ( Nasua nasua) are the reservoir hosts of Trypanosoma evansi. Capybaras from a T. evansi nonendemic area in the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, were culled because of an ongoing outbreak of Brazilian spotted fever; serum samples from these capybaras were tested for antibodies to T. evansi. Of the 172 sera tested, 17 (9.9%) were seropositive by card agglutination test, with antibody titers of 1:8–1:128; 14 (8.1%) of these 17 seropositive sera were also seropositive by indirect fluorescent antibody test, with antibody titers of 1:16–1:256. Both serologic techniques proved to be efficient, with similar results for detection of antibodies to T. evansi in capybaras from a nonendemic area in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandro Schafer Da Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil (Da Silva, Klauck, Pazinato)
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Soares)
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Krawczak, Labruna)
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil (Marcili)
| | - Felipe da Silva Krawczak
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil (Da Silva, Klauck, Pazinato)
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Soares)
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Krawczak, Labruna)
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil (Marcili)
| | - João Fabio Soares
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil (Da Silva, Klauck, Pazinato)
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Soares)
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Krawczak, Labruna)
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil (Marcili)
| | - Vanderlei Klauck
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil (Da Silva, Klauck, Pazinato)
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Soares)
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Krawczak, Labruna)
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil (Marcili)
| | - Rafael Pazinato
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil (Da Silva, Klauck, Pazinato)
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Soares)
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Krawczak, Labruna)
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil (Marcili)
| | - Arlei Marcili
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil (Da Silva, Klauck, Pazinato)
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Soares)
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Krawczak, Labruna)
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil (Marcili)
| | - Marcelo Bahia Labruna
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil (Da Silva, Klauck, Pazinato)
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Soares)
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Krawczak, Labruna)
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil (Marcili)
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Moura ABD, Ribeiro A, Souza APD, Silva MOD, Machado G, Klauck V, Pazinato R, Silva ASD. Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Goats in Southern Brazil. ACTA SCI VET 2016. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.81073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a coccidium, obligate intracellular protozoan, with complex life cycle, affecting virtually all-animal species homoeothermics. Goats are considered susceptible to infection by T. gondii, alterations being reported as pathological fetal death (with subsequent reabsorption), abortion, mummification, and/or the birth of weak goats. Because of these consequences to the animal, the disease is investigated throughout the Brazilian territory. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and identify risk factors in goats.Materials, Methods & Results: It were collected 654 blood samples from goats distributed on west and mountainous regions of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The number municipalities with the highest numbers of goats were used, with an expected prevalence of 25%, error of 3.2% and confidence level of 95%. All collected samples were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and 216 (33.02%; 95% CI 29.43-36.77) had antibodies against T. gondii (IFA ≥ 1: 64). Titration 1:64 was observed more frequently (60.2%; 130/216) among seropositive animals. The region with the highest prevalence was the west, i.e., more prone to infections present, with 1.16 more chances than the mountainous region. Animals Boer were more likely to T. gondii infection, being race is a risk factor for disease. When the presence of cats on the property, and these animals had chances of direct contact with cats, the chance of infection increased significantly, being 1.04 times higher went compared with lack of this feature. Regarding age, the animals aged two to five years had higher seropositivity (77.8%). Statistical analysis of effect-cause studies reported a relationship between soropositive animals and neurological problems (P ≤ 0.05), but no relation was found for T. gondii infection and reproductive problems (P > 0.05).Discussion: In the state of Santa Catarina, approximately 33% of the goats were seropositive for T. gondii, according to results of this study. Several other studies has been performed on T. gondii antibodies detection in Brazil, such as Paraná which was 44.68%, in Rio Grande do Norte was 17.1%, in Rio de Janeiro was 29.12%, in Maranhão was 36.95%, in Bahia was 17.4%, in Minas Gerais was 21.4%, in Alagoas was 39% and in Rio Grande do Sul was 30%. The type of food and water source given to the animals was not considered a risk factor for T. gondii infection, although some authors mention that cat feces contaminated with oocysts of the parasite can be more easily ingested in the diet with concentrated (cats have access) and natural water sources. This study showed that 53% of the animals studied had contact with cats, and this variable was considered a risk factor for disease. Statistically, unverified relationship between reproductive problems and goats seropositive for T. gondii, although of approximately 24% of the animals studied showed some reproductive problems (abortion, mummified or heat repetition). In the effect-cause analysis, neurological issues were related to infection by T. gondii in goats, the that can easily be explained because the parasitic cysts of T. gondii may persist in the central nervous system for a long period. The results suggest that infection by T. gondii occurs in goats in two regions of Santa Catarina, in addition, and the risk factors related to disease was between both studied regions, race and presence and contact with cats, just as there is a relation between disease and neurological disorders in goats.
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10
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Klauck V, Machado G, Pazinato R, Radavelli WM, Santos DS, Berwaguer JC, Braunig P, Vogel FF, Da Silva AS. Relation between Neospora caninum and abortion in dairy cows: Risk factors and pathogenesis of disease. Microb Pathog 2015; 92:46-49. [PMID: 26747583 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Neosporosis is a parasitic disease cause by Neospora caninum, a parasite of great importance in livestock. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of antibody against N. caninum in dairy cattle with history of abortion, as well as to identify associated risk factors for neosporosis. Animals suspected of neosporosis (n = 130) after clinical examination were randomly selected. Sera samples from 29 farms were submitted to indirect immunofluorescence technique (IFA) in order to detect antibodies against N. caninum, and animals were considered positive if ≥ IFA 1:200. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to verify probable risk factors for neosporosis and their cause-effect relation. Serological results showed that 43.8% of the animals were seropositives for N. caninum. The univariate statistical analysis found a significant relation between neoporosis and age. The number of pregnancies and the number of years that the farms had been producing milk were found as associated risk factors for the disease either by univariate or by multivariate analyses. The cause-effect model found a possible relation between reproductive problems and positive serology for neosporosis (P = 0.06). Therefore, it was concluded that approximately 44% of dairy cows with history of abortion were seropositives for N. caninum and that age and the number of years that the farms had been producing milk are risk factors for parasite infection in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanderlei Klauck
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Machado
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pazinato
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Willian M Radavelli
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daiane S Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Patricia Braunig
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Vogel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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11
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Radavelli WM, Pazinato R, Klauck V, Volpato A, Balzan A, Rossett J, Cazarotto CJ, Lopes LS, Kessler JD, Cucco DC, Tonin AA, Da Silva AS. Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in goats from the Western Santa Catarina, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 23:101-4. [PMID: 24728370 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612014016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in goats from the Western Santa Catarina, Brazil. Twenty four farms were analyzed in 17 different municipalities. Animals (n=217) from different production purposes (milk and meat) and age were randomly chosen. Fecal samples were collected from the rectum stored in plastic bottles and transported to the laboratory in portable coolers at 10 °C. The technique of centrifugal flotation with saturated sugar solution was carried out in order to investigate the presence of eggs, cysts, and oocysts of gastrointestinal parasites. In 88.9% of the investigated animals, it was observed that the presence of nematode eggs which belongs to the Strongylida order, after cultivation and larvae identification were identified as Haemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Teladorsagia spp., Cooperia spp., and Oesophagostomum spp. Eggs of Thysanosoma, Trichuris, Moniezia, and Neoascaris genus were also observed. Additionally, the presence of oocysts of Eimeria spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. as well as cysts of Giardia spp., and Entamoeba spp. were verified. In all the farms evaluated, the animals showed a single or mixed infection, with the highest occurrence of helminths belonging to the Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus genus, as well as the protozoan Eimeria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Pazinato
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina ? UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Klauck
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina ? UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Andréia Volpato
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina ? UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Balzan
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina ? UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Julia Rossett
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina ? UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro Sâmia Lopes
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina ? UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Julcemar Dias Kessler
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina ? UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Diego Córdova Cucco
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina ? UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Alberto Tonin
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria ? UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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12
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Klauck V, Pazinato R, Radavelli WM, Volpato A, Stefani LM, Santos RCV, Vaucher RA, Boligon AA, Athayde ML, Da Silva AS. In vitro repellent effect of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) and andiroba (Carapa guianensis) oils on Haemotobia irritans and Chrysomya megacephala flies. Trop Biomed 2015; 32:160-166. [PMID: 25801266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the repellent effect of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) and andiroba (Carapa guianensis) essential oils on two species of flies (Haemotobia irritans and Chrysomya megacephala). For the in vitro studies, free-living adult flies were captured and reared in the laboratory. To verify the repellency effect, an apparatus was constructed where H. irritans and C. megacephala were exposed to andiroba and tea tree oils (5.0%), as well as to a known repellent (citronella, 5.0%) to validate the test. The study demonstrated that all three oils used showed in vitro repellent effect against both species of flies. It is possible to conclude that the essential oils (tea tree and andiroba) have repellent effect on these species of flies used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Klauck
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - R Pazinato
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - W M Radavelli
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - A Volpato
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - L M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - R C V Santos
- Laboratory of Microbiology Research, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - R A Vaucher
- Laboratory of Microbiology Research, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - A A Boligon
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - M L Athayde
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - A S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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13
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Do Carmo GM, Da Silva AS, Klauck V, Pazinato R, Moura AB, Duarte T, Duarte MM, Bochi GV, Moresco RN, Stefani LM. Immunological response and markers of cell damage in seropositive horses for Toxoplasma gondii. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 38:9-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Klauck V, Pazinato R, Stefani LM, Santos RC, Vaucher RA, Baldissera MD, Raffin R, Boligon A, Athayde M, Baretta D, Machado G, DA Silva AS. Insecticidal and repellent effects of tea tree and andiroba oils on flies associated with livestock. Med Vet Entomol 2014; 28 Suppl 1:33-39. [PMID: 25171605 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal and repellent effects of tea tree, Melaleuca alternifolia (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), and andiroba, Carapa guianensis (Sapindales: Meliaceae), essential oils on two species of fly. For in vitro studies, free-living adult flies were captured and reared in the laboratory. To evaluate the insecticidal effects of the oils, adult flies of Haematobia irritans (L.) and Musca domestica L. (both: Diptera: Muscidae) were separated by species in test cages (n = 10 per group), and subsequently tested with oils at concentrations of 1.0% and 5.0% using a negative control to validate the test. Both oils showed insecticidal activity. Tea tree oil at a concentration of 5.0% was able to kill M. domestica with 100.0% efficacy after 12 h of exposure. However, the effectiveness of andiroba oil at a concentration of 5.0% was only 67.0%. The insecticidal efficacy (100.0%) of both oils against H. irritans was observed at both concentrations for up to 4 h. The repellency effects of the oils at concentrations of 5.0% were tested in vivo on Holstein cows naturally infested by H. irritans. Both oils demonstrated repellency at 24 h, when the numbers of flies on cows treated with tea tree and andiroba oil were 61.6% and 57.7%, respectively, lower than the number of flies on control animals. It is possible to conclude that these essential oils have insecticidal and repellent effects against the species of fly used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Klauck
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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15
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Klauck V, Pazinato R, Lopes LS, Cucco DC, Lima HLDE, Volpato A, Radavelli WM, Stefani LCM, Silva ASDA. Trichostrongylus and Haemonchus anthelmintic resistance in naturally infected sheep from southern Brazil. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2014; 86:777-784. [PMID: 30514017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The anthelmintic resistance in small ruminants is a common problem and concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to verify anthelmintic treatment efficacy in naturally infected sheep. This study was conducted on nine herds that used the same anthelmintic management for over a year. In each farm, the animals were divided into two groups: untreated control group (n = 5) and treated (n = 10) according to the number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG). The treatment effect was checked based on EPG results and larval culture performed before treatment and 10 days after treatment. Significant differences were not observed (P > 0.05) on EPG results between untreated and treated groups. The coproculture showed that the animals were infected primarily by Haemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Teladorsagia spp., Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum spp. In all farms, anthelmintic resistance by genera Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus was found, but this resistance varied greatly between farms. Haemonchus spp. showed resistance to closantel, levamisole, and albendazole. Trichostrongylus spp. was shown to be resistant to closantel, levamisole, and albendazole. The drugs tested showed to be efficient against the genera Teladorsagia, Cooperia, and Oesophagostomum. Based on these results, we conclude that the anthelmintic resistance to the tested drugs is a problem present in the farms evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanderlei Klauck
- Graduação de Zootecnia, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Santa Catarina, SC, Brasil
| | - Rafael Pazinato
- Graduação de Zootecnia, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Santa Catarina, SC, Brasil
| | - Leandro S Lopes
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Santa Catarina, SC, Brasil
| | - Diego C Cucco
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Santa Catarina, SC, Brasil
| | - Horacio L DE Lima
- Graduação de Zootecnia, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Santa Catarina, SC, Brasil
| | - Andreia Volpato
- Graduação de Zootecnia, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Santa Catarina, SC, Brasil
| | - Willian M Radavelli
- Graduação de Zootecnia, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Santa Catarina, SC, Brasil
| | - Lenita C M Stefani
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Santa Catarina, SC, Brasil
| | - Aleksandro S DA Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Santa Catarina, SC, Brasil
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16
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Pazinato R, Klauck V, Volpato A, Tonin AA, Santos RC, de Souza ME, Vaucher RA, Raffin R, Gomes P, Felippi CC, Stefani LM, Da Silva AS. Influence of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) on the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus. Exp Appl Acarol 2014; 63:77-83. [PMID: 24368704 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-013-9765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the influence of tea tree oil (TTO) (Melaleuca alternifolia) tested in its pure and nanostructured (TTO nanoparticles) forms on the reproduction of female Rhipicephalus microplus. For our purpose, female ticks were collected from naturally infected animals and treated in vitro with TTO (1, 5, and 10 %) and TTO nanoparticles (0.075, 0.375, and 0.75 %). In order to validate the tests, they were performed in triplicate using positive (amitraz) and negative (untreated) controls. It was possible to observe that pure TTO (5 and 10 %) and TTO nanoparticles (0.375 and 0.75 %) showed 100 % reproductive inhibition on female ticks. Additionally, pure TTO (1 %) also showed an acaricide effect (70 %), similarly to the positive control (78.3 %). This is the first study demonstrating the activity of pure TTO and TTO nanoparticles on female ticks. Therefore, based on these results, we were able to show that both forms and all concentrations of M. alternifolia affected tick reproduction by inhibiting egg laying and hatching. We were also able to show that TTO nanoparticles potentiated the inhibitor effect of pure TTO on the reproduction of R. microplus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pazinato
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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17
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Bianchi AE, Macedo VP, Duarte MMMF, Lopes LS, Stefani LM, Rossett J, Klauck V, Radavelli W, Pazinato R, Bottari NB, Da Silva AS. The effect of palm oil addition to the diet of dairy sheep on the immune response. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 98:446-52. [PMID: 23751141 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a diet based on palm oil has any influence on the immune response and on the number of eggs per gram of faeces (EPG) of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in dairy sheep. To address this issue, 30 ewes in early lactation were confined and divided into three groups (n = 10) receiving a daily isoproteic and isoenergetic diet. Palm oil was added to the feed at different concentrations: 0% (control; group A), 4% (group B) and 6% (group C). The animals were treated with levamisole 10 days before the beginning of the experiment. Faecal samples were collected and analysed for EPG on day zero of the experiment. On days 60 and 120, individual faecal and blood samples were collected, and the FAMACHA(©) score for assessing clinical anaemia was carried out. The groups receiving palm oil showed a significant reduction in EPG in relation to the control group (A) on day 120. Serum immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgM and IgE) and proinflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6) were significantly increased on days 60 and 120 (p < 0.05) in groups B and C. Therefore, these results suggest that palm oil stimulates the immune response in sheep, thus reducing EPG of GIN. The hypothesis that palm oil has direct anthelmintic activity should be tested in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Bianchi
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, Brazil
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