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Aletaha D, Westhovens R, Combe B, Gottenberg JE, Buch MH, Caporali R, Gómez-Puerta JA, Van Hoek P, Rajendran V, Stiers PJ, Hendrikx T, Burmester GR, Tanaka Y. POS0676 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF FILGOTINIB IN PATIENTS AGED ≥75 YEARS: A POST HOC SUBGROUP ANALYSIS OF THE FINCH 4 LONG-TERM EXTENSION (LTE) STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundFilgotinib (FIL) is a Janus kinase 1 preferential inhibitor for the treatment of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA)1. The recommended dose for adults with RA is 200 mg (FIL200); however, a starting dose of 100 mg (FIL100) is recommended for those aged ≥75 years (y) in view of limited clinical experience1. An important consideration is the generally higher incidence of adverse events (AEs) in the elderly due to comorbidities.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of FIL100 and FIL200 in patients with RA aged ≥75 y.MethodsFINCH 4 (NCT03025308) is an ongoing phase 3 open-label LTE study of FIL100 and FIL200 for RA. Eligible patients completed a prior phase 3 randomized double-blind study of FIL lasting 52 weeks (FINCH 1 or 3) or 24 weeks (FINCH 2). In this post hoc analysis, safety and efficacy were assessed in patients aged <75 and ≥75 y in FINCH 4. Efficacy measures were American College of Rheumatology (ACR)20/50/70 responses, clinical disease activity index (CDAI) ≤10/≤2.8, disease activity score (DAS)28 <2.6/≤3.2 and health assessment questionnaire-disability index (HAQ-DI).ResultsAt LTE Week 48, 52% and 44% of patients aged <75 and ≥75 y, respectively, were on methotrexate. In both age groups, response rates for key efficacy measures at LTE Week 48 were generally maintained from LTE baseline (Figure 1) in patients with and without prior FIL exposure in FINCH 1–3, and were numerically higher with FIL200 vs FIL100. Mean change from baseline in HAQ-DI with FIL200 and FIL100 was 0.61 and 0.74 in those aged <75 y and 1.04 and 0.98 in those aged ≥75 y, respectively.Figure 1.The exposure-adjusted incidence rate (EAIR) of serious AEs and AEs of special interest (AESI) was generally higher in patients aged ≥75 y than <75 y. In those aged ≥75 y, the EAIR of AEs leading to premature study discontinuation, treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs), and serious TEAEs was higher with FIL200 vs FIL100; the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events, venous thrombotic and embolic events, serious infections, herpes zoster and malignancies was low in both dose groups (Table 1). Three patients died, all from the FIL200 group; each had a medical history relevant to the cause of death.Table 1.Exposure-adjusted incidence rate (95% CI) of AEs at Week 48 as events per 100 years of exposureFIL200FIL100Age, years<75≥75<75≥75n=1469n=61n=1136n=63(PYE 2253.9)(PYE 92.2)(PYE 1753.7)(PYE 98.4)With prior FIL exposure, n (%)1142 (77.7)53 (86.9)830 (73.1)33 (52.4)TEAE48.3 (45.5, 51.3)55.3 (42.1, 72.8)48.7 (45.5, 52.1)42.7 (31.6, 57.8)Serious TEAE6.8 (5.8, 8.0)17.4 (10.6, 28.3)7.4 (6.2, 8.7)14.2 (8.4, 24.0)AE leading to premature study discontinuation2.9 (2.3, 3.7)9.8 (5.1, 18.8)3.9 (3.1, 5.0)4.1 (1.5, 10.8)AE leading to death0.5 (0.3, 0.9)3.3 (0.7, 9.5)*0.3 (0.2, 0.8)0.0 (0.0, 3.8)Infections28.8 (26.6, 31.1)29.3 (20.1, 42.7)27.4 (25.0, 29.9)26.4 (18.0, 38.8)Serious infections1.6 (1.2, 2.2)2.2 (0.5, 8.7)1.7 (1.1, 2.4)3.1 (1.0, 9.5)Herpes zoster1.6 (1.2, 2.3)2.2 (0.5, 8.7)1.0 (0.6, 1.6)3.1 (1.0, 9.5)Adjudicated major adverse cardiovascular event0.4 (0.2, 0.7)2.2 (0.5, 8.7)0.5 (0.2, 0.9)1.0 (0.1, 7.2)Venous thrombotic and embolic events0.3 (0.1, 0.6)2.2 (0.5, 8.7)0.2 (0.1, 0.5)1.0 (0.1, 7.2)Malignancy excluding NMSC0.7 (0.4, 1.2)4.3 (1.6, 11.6)0.7 (0.4, 1.2)3.1 (1.0, 9.5)NMSC0.4 (0.2, 0.8)1.1 (0.0, 6.0)0.2 (0.1, 0.6)0.0 (0.0, 3.8)*Cause of death: esophageal carcinoma; cardiovascular; unknown. FIL(100/200), filgotinib (100/200 mg); NMSC, nonmelanoma skin cancer; PYE, patient years of exposure; (TE)AE, (treatment-emergent) adverse eventConclusionIn the ≥75 y group, response rates for key efficacy measures remained stable to Week 48 and were generally higher with FIL200 vs FIL100. The incidence of serious AEs and AESI was higher in those aged ≥75 than <75 y. Patient numbers/exposure time may have been insufficient to show potential between-group differences in safety/efficacy outcomes.References[1]Filgotinib SmPCAcknowledgementsThe FINCH studies were funded by Gilead Sciences (Foster City, CA, United States). We thank the physicians and patients who participated in the studies. Medical writing support was provided by Debbie Sherwood, BSc (Aspire Scientific Ltd, Bollington, UK) and funded by Galapagos NV (Mechelen, Belgium).Disclosure of InterestsDaniel Aletaha Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Lilly, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Sandoz, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Lilly, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Sandoz, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Lilly, Novartis, Roche, SoBi, and Sanofi, Rene Westhovens Speakers bureau: Celltrion, Galapagos, and Gilead, Consultant of: Celltrion, Galapagos, and Gilead, Bernard Combe Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Gilead-Galapagos, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche-Chugai, Consultant of: AbbVie, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Gilead-Galapagos, Janssen, and Roche-Chugai, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Galapagos, Gilead, Lilly, and Pfizer, Grant/research support from: BMS and Pfizer, Maya H Buch Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Consultant of: AbbVie, Galapagos, Gilead, and Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Gilead and Pfizer, Roberto Caporali Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celltrion, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celltrion, Fresenius-Kabi, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB, José A Gómez-Puerta Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Galapagos, GSK, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Sanofi, Consultant of: GSK, Roche, and Sanofi, Paul Van Hoek Employee of: Galapagos, Vijay Rajendran Employee of: Galapagos, Pieter-Jan Stiers Shareholder of: Galapagos, Employee of: Galapagos, Thijs Hendrikx Employee of: Galapagos, Gerd Rüdiger Burmester Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Galapagos, Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, and Sanofi, Yoshiya Tanaka Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Astellas, Astra-Zeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, BMS, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, and YL Biologics, Consultant of: AbbVie, Ayumi, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, GSK, Sanofi, and Taisho, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi-Kasei, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Chugai, Corrona, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Kowa, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, and Takeda
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Aletaha D, Westhovens R, Atsumi T, Tan Y, Pechonkina A, Gong Q, Rajendran V, Strengholt S, Burmester GR. POS0678 CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF METHOTREXATE (MTX)-NAIVE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA) PATIENTS (pts) ON FILGOTINIB (FIL) LONG-TERM EXTENSION (LTE) TRIAL INITIALLY ON FIL OR MTX DURING THE PHASE 3 PARENT STUDY (PS). Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe preferential Janus kinase-1 inhibitor FIL is approved for treatment of moderate to severe active RA in Europe and Japan.ObjectivesIn this post hoc, exploratory analysis, efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with FIL (± MTX) were assessed in MTX-naïve pts treated with FIL or MTX in the Phase 3 PS (NCT02886728).1MethodsPts received FIL 200 mg (FIL200)+MTX, FIL 100 mg (FIL100)+MTX, FIL200 alone, or MTX alone up to 52 W in PS.1 Those completing PS on study drug could enter LTE (NCT03025308; data cutoff: June 1, 2020). MTX completers were rerandomized, blinded, to FIL200 or FIL100; pts on FIL in PS remained on the same dose in LTE. MTX was washed out for 4 W at LTE baseline (BL); pts could (re)start MTX and/or other conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) ≥4 W after LTE first dosing.1 Efficacy data to LTE W48 and safety data are reported.ResultsAs of June 1, 2020, 439/492 (89%) and 144/169 (85%) pts who entered LTE from PS FIL200 and PS FIL100 groups, respectively, remained on LTE study treatment; of those rerandomized from MTX, 131/148 (89%) FIL200 and 133/151 (88%) FIL100 pts remained on study treatment. LTE BL characteristics were similar between FIL200 and FIL100 groups. After MTX washout, 17% of FIL200 and 23% of FIL100 pts (re)started MTX (at clinical judgment). ACR20/50/70 response rates among pts from PS FIL arms decreased modestly from LTE BL to W12 then stabilized. Among pts who switched from PS MTX to LTE FIL, response rates remained stable or improved to approach those of PS FIL pts by W48 (Figure 1). Similar trends were seen in DAS28(CRP) and CDAI. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), Grade ≥3 AEs, serious AEs, and infections were largely comparable across groups and did not increase after MTX to FIL switch. There were 6 deaths, all among PS FIL200 pts (Table 1).Table 1.EAIRs of TEAEs through June 2020EAIR (95% CI)FIL200+MTX →FIL200 →FIL100+MTX →MTX →MTX →FIL200 LTEFIL200 LTEFIL100 LTEFIL200 LTEFIL100 LTEn=325n=167n=169n=148n=151PYE=474.4PYE=232.5PYE=236.4PYE=213.4PYE=215.4TEAE49.7 (43.8, 56.5)46.9 (38.9, 56.6)49.9 (41.7, 59.8)50.6 (41.9, 61.1)46.4 (38.2, 56.5)TEAE Grade ≥37.2 (5.1, 10.0)6.5 (3.9, 10.7)10.2 (6.8, 15.1)7.0 (4.2, 11.7)7.0 (4.2, 11.6)TE serious AE5.9 (4.1, 8.5)6.0 (3.6, 10.2)8.9 (5.8, 13.6)6.6 (3.9, 11.1)6.5 (3.9, 11.0)Death1.1 (0.3, 2.5)0.4 (0.1, 3.1)0 (0, 1.6)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 1.7)Infections28.5 (24.0, 33.7)29.7 (23.4, 37.6)27.5 (21.6, 35.1)28.6 (22.2, 36.7)27.4 (21.2, 35.4)Serious infections1.1 (0.4, 2.5)3.0 (1.4, 6.3)2.5 (1.1, 5.7)1.9 (0.7, 5.0)1.9 (0.7, 4.9)Opportunistic infections0.2 (0, 1.5)0 (0, 1.6)0.8 (0.2, 3.4)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 1.7)Herpes zoster0.8 (0.3, 2.2)1.7 (0.6, 4.6)0.8 (0.2, 3.4)1.9 (0.7, 5.0)0.9 (0.2, 3.7)MACE (adjudicated)0.6 (0.1, 1.8)0.9 (0.2, 3.4)0 (0, 1.6)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 1.7)VTE (adjudicated for DVT/PE)0.2 (0, 1.2)0.4 (0.1, 3.1)0 (0, 1.6)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 1.7)Malignancies (excluding NMSC)0.6 (0.2, 2.0)0 (0, 1.6)1.7 (0.6, 4.5)0.5 (0, 2.6)0 (0, 1.7)NMSC0.6 (0.2, 2.0)0.4 (0.1, 3.1)0.8 (0.2, 3.4)0.5 (0, 2.6)0 (0, 1.7)DVT, deep vein thrombosis; EAIRs, exposure-adjusted incidence rates (per 100 patient-years of exposure); MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event; NMSC, nonmelanoma skin cancer; PE, pulmonary embolism; VTE, venous thromboembolismFigure 1.ConclusionOverall, response rates improved from LTE BL to W48 for pts switched from PS MTX to FIL and decreased modestly for PS FIL pts. Rates of AEs of special interest were generally low and tended to be higher in pts maintained on FIL from PS. Safety findings in this subpopulation were comparable with the PS through W521 and with a 7-trial integrated safety analysis.2 Limitations: the LTE was not formally randomized at BL, the groups were of unequal size, and the switch from MTX to FIL for LTE was by design rather than based on disease activity.References[1]Westhovens R et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2021;80:727–38.[2]Winthrop K et al. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020;72(suppl 10): abstract 0229.AcknowledgementsFunding for the trials was provided by Galapagos NV and Gilead Sciences, Inc. The sponsors participated in the planning, execution, and interpretation of the research. This study was funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA. Medical writing support was provided by Gregory Bezkorovainy, MA, of AlphaScientia, LLC, San Francisco, CA; and funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA. Funding for this analysis was provided by Gilead Sciences, Inc.Disclosure of InterestsDaniel Aletaha Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Medac, Merck, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi/Genzyme, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Medac, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and Sanofi/Genzyme, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, and Roche, Rene Westhovens Consultant of: Celltrion, Galapagos, and Gilead Sciences, Inc., Grant/research support from: Celltrion, Galapagos, and Gilead Sciences, Inc., Tatsuya Atsumi Speakers bureau: AbbVie Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Eisai Co. Ltd, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Pfizer Inc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, UCB Japan Co. Ltd, Consultant of: AbbVie Inc., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Gilead Sciences, Inc., Pfizer Inc., UCB Japan Co. Ltd, Grant/research support from: AbbVie Inc., Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Pfizer Inc., YingMeei Tan Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Alena Pechonkina Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Qi Gong Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Vijay Rajendran Shareholder of: Galapagos NV, Employee of: Galapagos NV, Sander Strengholt Shareholder of: Galapagos BV, Employee of: Galapagos BV, Gerd Rüdiger Burmester Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Gilead Sciences, Inc. and Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Gilead Sciences, Inc. and Pfizer
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Balsa A, Wassenberg S, Tournadre A, Orzechowski HD, Van Beneden K, Rajendran V, Lendl U, Stiers PJ, Watson C, Caporali R, Verschueren P. POS0518 EFFECT OF FILGOTINIB (FIL) ON BODY WEIGHT (BW) AND BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND EFFECT OF BASELINE BMI ON THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF FIL IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA). Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundFIL is a Janus kinase (JAK) 1 preferential inhibitor approved for the treatment (tx) of moderate to severe RA. Weight gain has been reported with other JAK inhibitors1–3; it is important to describe the effect of FIL on BW/BMI for physicians to correctly inform and appropriately treat patients.ObjectivesOur primary aim was to assess the effect of FIL on BW/BMI using data from the FINCH 1–3 studies. Secondary aims were to assess the efficacy and safety of FIL according to baseline BMI.MethodsFINCH 1–3 (NCT02889796, NCT02873936, NCT02886728) were phase 3, randomised, double-blind, active/placebo (PBO)-controlled studies of FIL 100/200 mg (FIL100/FIL200) ± methotrexate (MTX) in patients with active RA who had an inadequate response to MTX (FINCH 1) or biologic DMARD (FINCH 2), or were MTX naïve (FINCH 3). We assessed changes from baseline (CFB) in BW and BMI by tx group and baseline BMI, and the efficacy and safety of FIL by baseline BMI (<25, 25–<30 or ≥30 kg/m2). Efficacy measures included American College of Rheumatology (ACR)20/50/70 response, Disease Activity Score 28 with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) and health assessment questionnaire disability index (HAQ-DI). Safety data were from 7 RA clinical trials (FINCH 1–4, DARWIN 1–3)4.ResultsIn FINCH 1–3, baseline disease characteristics such as HAQ-DI, DAS28-CRP and clinical disease activity index were similar across BMI subgroups for each tx group. There were no clinically relevant CFB in median BW or BMI in any tx group or differences between tx groups. Mean CFB in BMI (kg/m2) were 0.4 with FIL200 and FIL100 and 0.3 with adalimumab (ADA) at Week 52 in FINCH 1; 0.2, 0.6 and −0.1 with FIL200, FIL100 and PBO, respectively, at Week 24 in FINCH 2; and 0.5, 0.6, 1.1 and 0.3 with FIL200+MTX, FIL100+MTX, FIL200 and MTX, respectively, at Week 52 in FINCH 3.CFB in BMI did not appear dependent on baseline BMI. FIL200±MTX was efficacious vs controls regardless of baseline BMI for most measures at each timepoint. In FINCH 1, in the <25, 25–<30 and ≥30 kg/m2 BMI subgroups, DAS28-CRP <2.6 was achieved by 38%, 29% and 33% of the FIL200 group, 29%, 19% and 21% of the ADA group, and 7%, 10% and 11% of the PBO group at Week 12, respectively. Figure 1 shows ACR20 responders by baseline BMI in FINCH 1–3. Integrated safety data across baseline BMI subgroups are summarised in Table 1. VTE rate was numerically higher with FIL200 in the ≥30 than 25–<30 or <25 kg/m2 BMI subgroups; serious infection rate was numerically higher with FIL100 in the <25 mg/m2 subgroup vs other BMI subgroups.Table 1.Exposure-adjusted incidence rate (95% CI) of AEs per 100 PYE by baseline BMIFIL dose (mg)BMI (kg/m2)<2525–<30≥30PYE 3062.8PYE 2640.1PYE 2382.2TEAEs20034.5 (32.0, 37.1)35.7 (33.0, 38.6)36.6 (33.7, 39.8)10044.3 (40.4, 48.6)43.0 (38.9, 47.5)45.3 (41.1, 50.0)Serious TEAEs2005.3 (4.4, 6.4)5.8 (4.8, 7.1)7.1 (5.8, 8.5)1007.6 (6.0, 9.4)6.5 (5.0, 8.4)8.1 (6.4, 10.2)Deaths2000.3 (0.2, 0.7)0.5 (0.3, 1.0)0.5 (0.2, 1.0)1000.4 (0.1, 1.0)0.3 (0.1, 1.0)0.2 (0.1, 0.9)Venous thrombotic and embolic events2000.1 (0.0, 0.4)0.1 (0.0, 0.5)0.5 (0.2, 1.0)1000.1 (0.0, 0.7)0.1 (0.0, 0.8)0.2 (0.1, 0.9)Major adverse cardiovascular events2000.3 (0.2, 0.7)0.3 (0.1, 0.7)0.5 (0.2, 1.0)1000.6 (0.3, 1.3)0.3 (0.1, 1.0)0.6 (0.2, 1.4)Serious infections2001.1 (0.7, 1.7)1.7 (1.2, 2.5)1.8 (1.2, 2.6)1002.6 (1.8, 3.9)1.2 (0.7, 2.2)2.2 (1.4, 3.4)Herpes zoster2001.6 (1.1, 2.2)1.4 (1.0, 2.1)1.8 (1.2, 2.6)1001.0 (0.5, 1.8)1.2 (0.7, 2.2)1.0 (0.5, 2.0)Malignancy excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer2000.5 (0.3, 1.0)0.7 (0.4, 1.3)0.5 (0.3, 1.1)1000.6 (0.3, 1.3)0.4 (0.2, 1.2)0.8 (0.4, 1.7)BMI, body mass index; FIL, filgotinib; PYE, patient years of exposure; (TE)AE, (treatment-emergent) adverse eventConclusionFIL did not substantially affect CFB in BW or BMI. FIL200±MTX was generally more efficacious vs controls regardless of baseline BMI, and the rate of TEAEs was similar across baseline BMI subgroups.References[1]Tofacitinib SmPC[2]Baracitinib SmPC[3]Upadacitinib SmPC[4]Winthrop K, et al. ACR 2021. Abstract 1698AcknowledgementsThe FINCH studies were funded by Gilead Sciences (Foster City, CA, United States).We thank the physicians and patients who participated in the studies.Medical writing support was provided by Debbie Sherwood, BSc (Aspire Scientific Ltd, Bollington, UK) and funded by Galapagos NV (Mechelen, Belgium).Disclosure of InterestsAlejandro Balsa Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Galapagos, Gilead, Lilly, Nordic, Pfizer, Sandoz, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Galapagos, Lilly, Nordic, Pfizer, and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Siegfried Wassenberg Speakers bureau: AbbVie, MSD, Pfizer, and Sanofi, Consultant of: AbbVie, Gilead, Lilly, Nichi-Iko, Pfizer, and UCB, Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Anne Tournadre Speakers bureau: Fresenius-Kabi and Sanofi, Paid instructor for: Fresenius-Kabi, Consultant of: AbbVie, Fresenius-Kabi, Lilly, Novartis, and Sanofi, Grant/research support from: Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Hans-Dieter Orzechowski Employee of: Galapagos, Katrien Van Beneden Shareholder of: Galapagos, Employee of: Galapagos, Vijay Rajendran Employee of: Galapagos, Udo Lendl Employee of: Galapagos, Pieter-Jan Stiers Shareholder of: Galapagos, Employee of: Galapagos, Chris Watson Shareholder of: Galapagos, Employee of: Galapagos, Roberto Caporali Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Accord, BMS, Celltrion, Fresenius-Kabi, Galapagos, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Accord, BMS, Celltrion, Fresenius-Kabi, Galapagos, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and UCB, Patrick Verschueren Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly, Galapagos, MSD, and Roularta, Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, Nordic Pharma, Pfizer, Sidekick Health, and UCB, Grant/research support from: Pfizer Chair Management of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis at KU Leuven Belgium.
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Buch MH, Takeuchi T, Rajendran V, Gottenberg JE, Pechonkina A, Tan Y, Gong Q, Van Beneden K, Caporali R. AB0394 CLINICAL OUTCOMES UP TO WEEK 48 OF ONGOING FILGOTINIB (FIL) RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA) LONG-TERM EXTENSION (LTE) TRIAL OF BIOLOGIC DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUG (bDMARD) INADEQUATE RESPONDERS (IR) INITIALLY ON FIL OR PLACEBO IN A PHASE 3 PARENT STUDY (PS). Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe preferential Janus kinase-1 inhibitor FIL is approved for treatment of moderate to severe active RA in Europe and Japan.ObjectivesEfficacy and safety of FIL were assessed in patients (pts) with IR to bDMARDs in a LTE trial (NCT03025308) enrolled from a Phase 3 PS (NCT02873936).1MethodsbDMARD-IR pts received FIL 200 mg (FIL200), FIL 100 mg (FIL100), or placebo (PBO), all with stable conventional synthetic (cs)DMARDs up to 24 weeks (W). At W14 of the PS, pts with IR to FIL or PBO (<20% improvement in swollen [66] and tender [68] joint counts) switched to standard of care (SOC; investigator’s choice of treatment). Pts completing the PS on FIL, PBO, or SOC could enter the LTE. PS FIL pts were maintained, blinded, on their FIL dose; PS PBO and PS SOC pts were rerandomized, blinded, to FIL200 or FIL100. Efficacy data to LTE W48 and safety data to data cutoff (June 1, 2020) are reported.ResultsThe PS included 147, 153, and 148 pts on FIL200, FIL100, and PBO. Pts continuing on LTE FIL200 and FIL100 at data cutoff: 80/121 (66%) and 76/110 (69%) from PS FIL200 and FIL100; 35/47 (75%) and 32/46 (70%) from PS PBO, and 13/23 (57%) and 13/22 (59%) from PS SOC. LTE baseline (BL) characteristics were similar in FIL200 and FIL100 pts. During LTE, PS FIL ACR20/50/70 response rates decreased modestly by W48 (Figure 1). Among PS PBO pts, response rates were lower at LTE BL, reaching similar levels to PS FIL pts by W48; rates increased to W48 in PS SOC pts on either FIL dose but not to levels of other groups. Percentages of pts attaining DAS28(CRP) ≤3.2, DAS28(CRP) <2.6, CDAI ≤10, and CDAI ≤2.8 were maintained up to W48 for FIL/FIL pts. PBO/FIL and SOC/FIL pts showed similar patterns to ACR responses (Figure 1). Exposure-adjusted incidence rates (EAIRs)/100 pt-years of exposure for treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE), serious AEs, and serious infection were higher in SOC/FIL pts vs FIL/FIL or PBO/FIL pts, but samples were small and confidence intervals overlapped. There were 5 deaths (Table 1).Table 1.EAIRs of TEAEs in LTE, as of June 1, 2020EAIR (95% CI)FIL200+csD → FIL200+csD n=121PYE 228.4PBO+csD → FIL200+csD n=47PYE 98.1SOC+csD → FIL200+csD n=23PYE 42.1FIL100+csD → FIL100+csD n=110PYE 223.3PBO+csD → FIL100+csD n=46PYE 91.1SOC+csD → FIL100+csD n=22PYE 38.2TEAE46.9 (38.8, 56.6)38.7 (28.2, 53.2)52.2 (34.4, 79.3)40.3 (32.8, 49.5)40.6 (29.4, 56.1)49.8 (31.8, 78.0)TEAE Grade ≥310.5 (7.0, 15.7)10.2 (5.5, 18.9)19.0 (9.5, 38.0)10.3 (6.8, 15.5)13.2 (7.5, 23.2)18.3 (8.7, 38.5)TE serious AE12.3 (8.5, 17.8)12.2 (6.9, 21.5)21.4 (11.1, 41.1)8.1 (5.1, 12.8)13.2 (7.5, 23.2)21.0 (10.5, 41.9)Death1.3 (0.4, 4.1)1.0 (0, 5.7)0 (0, 8.8)0.4 (0.1, 3.2)0 (0, 4.0)0 (0, 9.7)TE infections34.2 (27.4, 42.6)22.4 (14.8, 34.1)35.6 (21.5, 59.1)22.4 (17.0, 29.5)26.3 (17.7, 39.3)39.3 (23.7, 65.2)TE serious infections3.5 (1.8, 7.0)2.0 (0.5, 8.2)7.1 (2.3, 22.1)0.9 (0.2, 3.6)2.2 (0.5, 8.8)7.9 (2.5, 24.4)Opportunistic infections0 (0, 1.6)0 (0, 3.8)0 (0, 8.8)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 4.0)0 (0, 9.7)TE herpes zoster2.2 (0.7, 5.1)1.0 (0.1, 7.2)0 (0, 8.8)0 (0, 1.7)2.2 (0.5, 8.8)2.6 (0.1, 14.6)TE MACE (adjudicated)1.3 (0.4, 4.1)1.0 (0.1, 7.2)0 (0, 8.8)0.9 (0.2, 3.6)1.1 (0.2, 7.8)0 (0, 9.7)TE DVT/PE (adjudicated)0.9 (0.2, 3.5)0 (0, 3.8)2.4 (0.1, 13.2)0.4 (0.1, 3.2)0 (0, 4.0)0 (0, 9.7)Malignancies (excluding NMSC)1.3 (0.4, 4.1)3.1 (1.0, 9.5)4.7 (0.6, 17.2)1.8 (0.7, 4.8)3.3 (1.1, 10.2)0 (0, 9.7)NMSC0 (0, 1.6)0 (0, 3.8)4.7 (0.6, 17.2)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 4.0)0 (0, 9.7)DVT, deep vein thrombosis; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event; NMSC, nonmelanoma skin cancer; PE, pulmonary embolism; TE, treatment-emergentConclusionEfficacy was mostly maintained in PS FIL pts up to W48. Response among PS PBO and SOC pts increased from BL to W48, but response in PS SOC pts continued to be lower than in other groups; these pts may represent a refractory population. FIL safety was largely consistent between PS and LTE.References[1]Genovese MC et al. JAMA 2019;322:315–25.AcknowledgementsThis study was funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA. Medical writing support was provided by Claudine Bitel, PhD, of AlphaScientia, LLC, San Francisco, CA; and funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA.Disclosure of InterestsMaya H Buch Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Consultant of: AbbVie, Galapagos, Gilead, and Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Gilead and Pfizer, Tsutomu Takeuchi Speakers bureau: AbbVie, AYUMI, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Dainippon Sumitomo, Eisai, Eli Lilly Japan, Gilead Sciences, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Novartis, Pfizer Japan, and Sanofi, Consultant of: Astellas, Chugai, and Eli Lilly Japan, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Shionogi, Takeda, and UCB Japan, Vijay Rajendran Shareholder of: Galapagos, Employee of: Galapagos, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eli Lilly and Co., Galapagos, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, and UCB, Consultant of: Bristol Myers Squibb, Sanofi Genzyme, and UCB, Grant/research support from: Bristol Myers Squibb and Pfizer, Alena Pechonkina Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., YingMeei Tan Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Qi Gong Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Katrien Van Beneden Shareholder of: Galapagos, Employee of: Galapagos, Roberto Caporali Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celltrion, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celltrion, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, Fresenius-Kabi, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB
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Durez P, Feist E, Blanco R, Rajendran V, Verbruggen N, Van Beneden K, Galloway J. POS0663 THE USE OF EXPOSURE-ADJUSTED EVENT RATES VERSUS EXPOSURE-ADJUSTED INCIDENCE RATES IN ADVERSE EVENT REPORTING: INSIGHTS FROM FILGOTINIB INTEGRATED SAFETY DATA IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundReporting of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical trials can be summarized as exposure-adjusted incidence rates (EAIRs) or exposure-adjusted event rates (EAERs). Censored EAIR (EAIR), weighing exposure up to a patient’s first event, is commonly reported; uncensored EAIR (EAIRu), using total exposure time for all patients, can also be used. For EAIR, exposure time can vary by event. In contrast to EAIR(u), the total number of events are used to calculate EAER. The three methods account for different exposures and/or multiple events, which can impact the outcome evaluation. Studies of filgotinib (FIL) in RA1 report safety data as EAIR/100 patient-years of exposure (PYE) for TEAEs, which is uncensored.ObjectivesTo describe the outcome of long-term FIL integrated safety data in RA by applying different statistical methodologies: EAER, EAIRu and EAIR.MethodsIntegrated FIL safety data from seven clinical trials were assessed1. Predefined adverse events of special interest (AESI) included serious infections (any), herpes zoster (HZ), major adverse cardiac events (MACE), malignancies (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer [NMSC]), NMSC and venous thromboembolism (VTE). The number of patients with an event, number of events, EAER, EAIRu and EAIR were summarized. The data extraction date was January 2021 for the DARWIN 3 (NCT02065700) long-term extension (LTE) and November 2020 for the FINCH 4 (NCT03025308) LTE.ResultsIn total, 3691 patients received ≥1 FIL dose for 8085 PYE. In this population, 176 serious infections were reported in 137 patients, 125 HZ events were reported in 112 patients, 39 MACE were reported in 33 patients, 20 cases of VTE were reported in 15 patients, 60 malignancies excluding NMSC were reported in 49 patients and 21 cases of NMSC were reported in 20 patients. Within each treatment arm (FIL 200 mg [FIL200], FIL 100 mg [FIL100] or combined FIL), rates for most AESI were similar when reported as EAER, EAIRu or EAIR (Table 1). For serious infections, EAER was higher than EAIRu or EAIR. The total exposure time to first event (censored PYE) was high and comparable to total exposure (PYE) (>2700 years and >5100 years for the total populations in the FIL100 and FIL200 groups, respectively).Table 1.Exposure-adjusted event and incidence rates for AESIFIL200FIL100FIL combinedNumber of patients/PYE2267/5302.51647/2782.63691/8085.1Serious infectionsEAER1.9 (1.5, 2.4)3.2 (2.2, 4.5)2.0 (1.7, 2.4)EAIRu1.5 (1.1, 1.9)2.7 (1.9, 3.9)1.6 (1.3, 2.0)EAIR1.5 (1.2, 1.9)2.8 (1.9, 4.0)1.7 (1.4, 2.0)HZEAER1.6 (1.3, 2.1)1.3 (0.9, 1.8)1.5 (1.2, 1.8)EAIRu1.5 (1.2, 2.0)1.1 (0.8, 1.5)1.4 (1.1, 1.7)EAIR1.6 (1.2, 2.0)1.1 (0.8, 1.6)1.4 (1.1, 1.7)MACEEAER0.3 (0.2, 0.5)0.6 (0.4, 1.0)0.4 (0.3, 0.6)EAIRu0.3 (0.2, 0.5)0.5 (0.3, 0.8)0.4 (0.2, 0.6)EAIR0.3 (0.2, 0.5)0.5 (0.3, 0.9)0.4 (0.2, 0.6)VTEEAER0.3 (0.2, 0.5)0.1 (0.1, 0.4)0.2 (0.2, 0.4)EAIRu0.2 (0.1, 0.4)0.1 (0.1, 0.4)0.2 (0.1, 0.3)EAIR0.2 (0.1, 0.4)0.1 (0.1, 0.4)0.2 (0.1, 0.3)Malignancies excluding NMSCEAER0.8 (0.5, 1.1)0.8 (0.5, 1.2)0.7 (0.2, 2.8)EAIRu0.6 (0.4, 0.9)0.6 (0.4, 1.0)0.6 (0.4, 0.8)EAIR0.6 (0.4, 0.9)0.6 (0.4, 1.0)0.6 (0.4, 0.8)NMSCEAER0.3 (0.2, 0.5)0.2 (0.1, 0.5)0.3 (0.2, 0.4)EAIRu0.3 (0.2, 0.5)0.2 (0.1, 0.4)0.2 (0.2, 0.4)EAIR0.3 (0.2, 0.5)0.2 (0.1, 0.4)0.2 (0.2, 0.4)Data are rate (95% CI) unless otherwise stated.ConclusionThese data confirm that using different methods to analyze FIL safety data (EAER, EAIRu, EAIR) does not result in different safety outcomes, reinforcing the previously reported FIL safety profile in patients with RA. As the AESI reported in the long-term safety database with FIL are rare, patients commonly have long exposure times before experiencing an event, which are often associated with end of treatment. As such, EAIRu, EAIR and EAER are similar.References[1]Winthrop KL et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2021, doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221051.AcknowledgementsThis study was co-funded by Galapagos NV (Mechelen, Belgium) and Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Foster City, CA, USA). Medical writing support was provided by Iain Haslam, PhD (Aspire Scientific Ltd, Bollington, UK), and funded by Galapagos NV.Disclosure of InterestsPatrick Durez Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Galapagos, and Lilly, Eugen Feist Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Galapagos, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Sobi, Consultant of: AbbVie, Galapagos, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Sobi, Grant/research support from: Lilly, Pfizer, and Roche, Ricardo Blanco Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Sanofi, Consultant of: Astra-Zeneca, Galapagos, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, Grant/research support from: AbbVie and Roche, Vijay Rajendran Employee of: Galapagos, Nadia Verbruggen Employee of: Galapagos, Katrien Van Beneden Shareholder of: Galapagos, Employee of: Galapagos, James Galloway Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Biogen, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, and Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Astra-Zeneca, Celgene, Gilead, Janssen, Medicago, Novavax, and Pfizer
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Combe B, Tanaka Y, Emery P, Pechonkina A, Kuo A, Gong Q, Van Beneden K, Rajendran V, Schulze-Koops H. POS0679 CLINICAL OUTCOMES UP TO WEEK (W) 48 IN THE ONGOING FILGOTINIB (FIL) LONG-TERM EXTENSION (LTE) TRIAL OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA) PATIENTS (pts) WITH INADEQUATE RESPONSE (IR) TO METHOTREXATE (MTX) INITIALLY TREATED WITH FIL OR ADALIMUMAB (ADA) DURING THE PHASE 3 PARENT STUDY (PS). Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe preferential Janus kinase-1 inhibitor FIL is approved for treatment of moderate to severe active RA in Europe and Japan.ObjectivesEfficacy and safety of FIL were assessed in pts with IR to MTX who completed a Phase 3 trial (NCT02889796)1 and enrolled in an LTE (NCT03025308).MethodsPts completing the PS1 on study drug were eligible to enter the LTE (data cutoff: June 1, 2020). Median exposure: 2.2 years (y). Efficacy data to W48 are reported for 4 treatment groups (all with background MTX): pts receiving FIL 200 mg (FIL200) or FIL 100 mg (FIL100) in the PS and continuing their dose in LTE (FIL200/FIL200, FIL100/FIL100) and ADA pts rerandomized, double blind, to FIL200 or FIL100 for LTE (ADA/FIL200, ADA/FIL100); safety data are reported.ResultsAs of June 1, 2020, 522/571 (91%) FIL200/FIL200, 502/570 (88%) FIL100/FIL100, 118/128 (92%) ADA/FIL200, and 115/130 (89%) ADA/FIL100 pts remained on study drug. LTE baseline disease characteristics were similar between groups: mean duration of RA approximately 8.7 y; DAS28(CRP) 2.55, and mean concurrent MTX dosage was 15.0 mg/week. Proportions of pts achieving ACR20/50/70, DAS28(CRP) ≤3.2, <2.6, and CDAI ≤10, ≤2.8 were generally maintained in all LTE groups through W48 (Figure 1). Numerically greater proportions of pts met response criteria at W48 in the FIL200 groups vs FIL100, regardless of PS treatment. Treatment-emergent AEs (TEAE), serious AEs, and AEs Grade ≥3 were largely comparable between groups and lowest in ADA/FIL100. There were 10 deaths (Table 1). Exposure-adjusted incidence rates (EAIRs)/100 pt-y of exposure for deaths were lower for FIL/FIL vs ADA/FIL.Table 1.EAIRs of TEAEs in LTE, as of June 1, 20201TEAE, n (%)3FIL200+MTX → FIL200+MTX6ADA+MTX → FIL200+MTX9FIL100+MTX → FIL100+MTX12ADA+MTX → FIL100+MTX2EAIR (95% CI)4n=5717n=12810n=57013n=1305PYE=859.48PYE=197.811PYE=852.314PYE=192.6TEAE429 (75.1)91 (71.1)443 (77.7)88 (67.7)49.9 (45.4, 54.9)46.0 (37.5, 56.5)52.0 (47.4, 57.0)45.7 (37.1, 56.3)TEAE Grade ≥364 (11.2)15 (11.7)72 (12.6)7 (5.4)7.4 (5.8, 9.5)7.6 (4.6, 12.6)8.4 (6.7, 10.6)3.6 (1.7, 7.6)TE serious AE52 (9.1)13 (10.2)60 (10.5)9 (6.9)6.1 (4.6, 7.9)6.6 (3.8, 11.3)7.0 (5.5, 9.1)4.7 (2.4, 9.0)Death3 (0.5)2 (1.6)3 (0.5)2 (1.5)0.3 (0.1, 1.1)1.0 (0.3, 4.0)0.4 (0.1, 1.1)1.0 (0.3, 4.2)TE infections243 (42.6)52 (40.6)249 (43.7)43 (33.1)28.3 (24.9, 32.1)26.3 (20.0, 34.5)29.2 (25.8, 33.1)22.3 (16.6, 30.1)TE serious infections7 (1.2)2 (1.6)13 (2.3)1 (0.8)0.8 (0.4, 1.7)1.0 (0.3, 4.0)1.5 (0.9, 2.6)0.5 (0.1, 3.7)Opportunistic infections2 (0.4)02 (0.4)00.2 (0, 0.8)0 (0, 1.9)0.2 (0, 0.8)0 (0, 1.9)TE herpes zoster16 (2.8)5 (3.9)13 (2.3)1 (0.8)1.9 (1.1, 3.0)2.5 (1.1,6.1)1.5 (0.9, 2.6)0.5 (0.1, 3.7)TE MACE (adjudicated)1 (0.2)03 (0.5)3 (2.3)01 (0, 0.6)0 (0, 1.9)0.4 (0.1, 1.1)1.6 (0.5, 4.8)TE DVT/PE (adjudicated)3 (0.5)03 (0.5)00.3 (0.1, 1.0)0 (0, 1.9)0.4 (0.1, 1.0)0 (0, 1.9)Malignancies (excluding NMSC)5 (0.9)3 (2.3)4 (0.7)00.6 (0.2, 1.4)1.5 (0.5, 4.7)0.5 (0.1, 1.2)0 (0, 1.9)NMSC3 (0.5)02 (0.4)00.3 (0.1, 1.0)0 (0, 1.9)0.2 (0, 0.8)0 (0, 1.9)DVT, deep vein thrombosis; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event; NMSC, nonmelanoma skin cancer; PE, pulmonary embolism; TE, treatment-emergentFigure 1.ConclusionDuring the LTE through W48, response rates generally were maintained for FIL/FIL and ADA/FIL pts. Though there were differences between LTE groups, safety was largely comparable and consistent with PS observations1 and previously reported results from 7 trials2: rates of AEs of special interest were low; all confidence intervals were overlapping. Limitation: the LTE was not formally randomized for comparison between FIL/FIL and ADA/FIL treatment groups, the groups were of unequal size, and the switch from ADA to FIL for LTE was by design, rather than based on disease activity.References[1]Combe B et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2021;80:848–58.[2]Winthrop K et al. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020;72(suppl 10); abstract 0229.AcknowledgementsThis study was funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA. Medical writing support was provided by Claudine Bitel, PhD, of AlphaScientia, LLC, San Francisco, CA; and funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA.Disclosure of InterestsBernard Combe Speakers bureau: BMS, Eli Lilly & Co., Gilead Sciences, Inc., MSD, Pfizer, Roche-Chugai, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Eli Lilly & Co., Gilead Sciences, Inc., Janssen, Pfizer, Roche-Chugai, and Sanofi, Grant/research support from: Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche-Chugai, Yoshiya Tanaka Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi-Kasei, Astellas, Bristol-Myers, Chugai, Daiichi- Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Eisai, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, and YL Biologics, Consultant of: AbbVie, Ayumi, Daiichi- Sankyo, Eli Lilly, GSK, Sanofi, and Taisho, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi-Kasei, Chugai, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, and Takeda, Paul Emery Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Celltrion, Gilead, Lilly, Novartis, Roche, Samsung, and Sandoz, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, and Samsung, Alena Pechonkina Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Albert Kuo Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Qi Gong Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Katrien Van Beneden Shareholder of: Galapagos NV, Employee of: Galapagos NV, Vijay Rajendran Shareholder of: Galapagos NV, Employee of: Galapagos NV, Hendrik Schulze-Koops Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Celltrion, Chugai, Gilead, Janssen, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis-Sandoz, Pfizer, Roche, and Sanofi, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Celltrion, Chugai, Gilead, Janssen, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis-Sandoz, Pfizer, Roche, and Sanofi, Grant/research support from: AbbVie and Novartis
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Gottenberg JE, Burmester GR, Van Beneden K, Watson C, Seghers I, Rajendran V, Dagna L, Buch MH. POS0513 SAFETY OF FILGOTINIB IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: ANALYSIS OF LYMPHOCYTES IN THE LONG-TERM EXTENSION FINCH 4 STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundFilgotinib (FIL) is a Janus kinase 1 preferential inhibitor approved for the treatment of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients (pts) with an inadequate response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.1 In a pooled analysis of Phase 3 FINCH 1–3 studies of FIL in RA, median lymphocyte levels were relatively stable over 1 year with lymphocyte decreases observed in individual FIL-treated pts. Lymphocyte levels should be monitored.1ObjectivesTo assess the effect of FIL on lymphocyte levels and lymphopenia in the FINCH 4 long-term extension (LTE) study in RA.MethodsSafety data of FIL 100 mg (FIL100) and 200 mg (FIL200) from LTE baseline to data cut off (01 June 2020) are reported overall and by prior FIL exposure for pts who received ≥1 FIL dose in FINCH 4 (NCT03025308; adults with RA who had completed FINCH 1/2/3). Adverse events (AEs) of lymphopenia were graded based on clinical severity; laboratory abnormalities (decreased lymphocytes) were graded per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.03 (CTCAE). Frequencies of both measures and exposure-adjusted incidence rates (EAIRs) of AEs are reported. Median lymphocyte levels are reported to LTE Week 48.ResultsThe safety analysis set included 2729 pts (FIL200: n=1530; FIL100: n=1199). Of these, 75.4% (n=2058) had prior FIL exposure in FINCH 1/2/3. Median FIL exposure to LTE Week 48 was 600 (FIL200: 696; FIL100: 533) days.In both treatment groups, median laboratory lymphocyte levels remained relatively stable to LTE Week 48 for pts with prior FIL exposure. Pts without prior exposure had numerically higher median lymphocyte levels at LTE baseline vs pts with prior exposure (Figure 1). These decreased over time, but medians remained within normal range. The frequency and EAIR of graded decreases in laboratory lymphocyte levels were higher with FIL200 vs FIL100 (Table 1); incidence was slightly higher in pts with vs without prior FIL exposure, with the difference most apparent for Grade 2 decreases.Table 1.Frequencies of treatment-emergent laboratory decreases in lymphocytesPrior FIL exposureNo prior FIL exposureOverallTotalFIL200FIL100FIL200FIL100FIL200FIL100(N=2729)(n=1195)(n=863)(n=335)(n=336)(n=1530)(n=1199)Decreased lymphocytes228 (19.1)125 (14.5)41 (12.3)40 (12.0)269 (17.6)165 (13.8)434 (16.0)(any grade), n (%)Grade 148 (4.0)35 (4.1)14 (4.2)7 (2.1)62 (4.1)42 (3.5)104 (3.8)Grade 2159 (13.3)82 (9.5)21 (6.3)26 (7.8)180 (11.8)108 (9.1)288 (10.6)Grade 321 (1.8)8 (0.9)6 (1.8)7 (2.1)27 (1.8)15 (1.3)42 (1.5)Grade 40000000A treatment-emergent laboratory decrease in lymphocytes was defined as an increase of ≥1 toxicity grade from baseline at any time post-baseline up to and including the date of last study drug dose + 30 days. Severity grades were defined per CTCAE (lower limit of normal: <0.8 × 109/L [Grade 1]; <0.8–0.5 × 109/L [2]; <0.5–0.2 × 109/L [3]; <0.2 × 109/L [4]).Figure 1.Of all pts receiving FIL, 43 (1.6%) reported a lymphopenia AE; frequencies and EAIRs of lymphopenia AEs were slightly higher with FIL200 (1.9%; EAIR [95% CI]: 1.2 [0.9–1.8]) vs FIL100 (1.2%; 0.8 [0.4–1.3]). Most were Grade 1 or 2 in severity. Grade 3 lymphopenia AEs occurred in 4 (0.3%) vs 1 (<0.1%) pts receiving FIL200 vs FIL100. There were no Grade 4 AEs in either group.No serious AEs of lymphopenia or treatment discontinuations due to lymphopenia were reported. In total, 8 (0.3%) pts interrupted study treatment due to lymphopenia. Infection rates, but not serious infections, were slightly higher for pts with lymphopenia, however no relationship between lymphopenia severity and infection AE grade was seen.ConclusionIn FINCH 4, lymphopenia AEs were infrequent but numerically greater with FIL200 vs FIL100, suggesting a dose–response relationship. While exposure at either dose may be associated with decreased lymphocytes, median lymphocyte levels were comparable in both groups and all remained within normal range at LTE Week 48, similar to observations in FINCH 1–3.References[1]Filgotinib SmPC and Jyseleca EPAR, 2020. Available at: https://www.ema.europa.eu/enAcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge Nadia Verbruggen and Pieter-Jan Stiers for providing statistical analysis support. This study was co-funded by Galapagos NV (Mechelen, Belgium) and Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Foster City, CA, USA). Medical writing support was provided by Kristian Clausen, MPH, CMPP (Aspire Scientific Ltd, Bollington, UK), and funded by Galapagos NV.Disclosure of InterestsJacques-Eric Gottenberg Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Galapagos, Gilead, Lilly, and Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Bristol Myers Squibb, and Pfizer, Gerd Rüdiger Burmester Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Galapagos, Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, and Sanofi, Katrien Van Beneden Shareholder of: Galapagos NV, Employee of: Galapagos NV, Chris Watson Shareholder of: Galapagos Biotech Ltd, Employee of: Galapagos Biotech Ltd, Ineke Seghers Employee of: Galapagos NV, Vijay Rajendran Employee of: Galapagos NV, Lorenzo Dagna Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Galapagos, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, and Swedish Orphan Biovitrium (SOBI), Grant/research support from: Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, and Swedish Orphan Biovitrium (SOBI), Maya H Buch Speakers bureau: Speaker fees paid to host institution by AbbVie, Consultant of: Consultant honoraria paid to host institution by AbbVie, Galapagos, Gilead, and Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Gilead and Pfizer.
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Tanaka Y, Atsumi T, Aletaha D, Landewé RBM, Bartok B, Pechonkina A, Yin Z, Han L, Emoto K, Kano S, Rajendran V, Takeuchi T. POS0664 RADIOGRAPHIC CHANGE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND ESTIMATED BASELINE YEARLY PROGRESSION ≥5 OR <5: POST HOC ANALYSIS OF TWO PHASE 3 TRIALS OF FILGOTINIB. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundIn some patients (pts) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially those with joint damage early in the disease, first-line methotrexate (MTX) treatment may not suffice to prevent further rapid radiographic progression (RRP).1 In FINCH 1 (NCT02889796), filgotinib 200 mg (FIL200) and 100 mg (FIL100) reduced change in modified total Sharp score (mTSS) vs placebo (PBO) in pts with RA and inadequate response to MTX (MTX-IR).2 In FINCH 3 (NCT02886728), FIL200 and FIL100 reduced change in mTSS vs MTX monotherapy (MTX mono) in MTX-naïve pts.3ObjectivesTo evaluate, via post hoc analysis of 2 trials, filgotinib’s effects on radiographic progression vs MTX mono in pts with estimated baseline (BL) yearly progression ≥5 or <5 mTSS units/year.MethodsThe double-blind 52-week (W) FINCH 1 study randomised MTX-IR pts with moderate–severe active RA to FIL200 or FIL100, subcutaneous adalimumab (ADA) 40 mg, or PBO; at W24, PBO pts were rerandomised blinded to FIL200 or FIL100; all took stable background MTX.2 In FINCH 3, MTX-naïve pts were randomised, blinded, to FIL200 + MTX, FIL100 + MTX, FIL200 alone, or MTX mono for up to W52.3 This analysis examined subgroups by estimated BL yearly progression (BL mTSS/duration in years of RA diagnosis), based on ≥5 or <5 mTSS units/year,4 a threshold commonly used to define RRP. We assessed effects of filgotinib vs ADA or PBO in mTSS change from BL (CFB) at W24/W52 (using a mixed model for repeated measures) and percentages with no W24 progression (mTSS change ≤0, ≤0.5, ≤smallest detectable change [SDC], using Fisher’s exact test).ResultsAt BL, 558/1755 MTX-IR and 787/1249 MTX-naïve pts had BL estimated yearly progression ≥5. Median mTSS in pts with BL yearly progression ≥5 and <5 was 53.25 vs 5.00 respectively in the MTX-IR trial and 6.00 vs 2.50 in the MTX-naïve trial. At W24, the mTSS CFB in pts with BL yearly progression ≥5 and <5 was 0.84 and 0.22 in MTX-IR pts taking PBO + MTX, and 0.67 and 0.25 in MTX-naïve pts taking MTX mono. At W52, in pts with BL yearly progression ≥5, FIL200 + MTX reduced mTSS change vs PBO + MTX in the MTX-IR trial and vs MTX mono in the MTX-naïve trial (Figure 1). At W24, among pts with estimated BL yearly progression ≥5, FIL200 + MTX increased odds of no progression (≤0.5 or ≤0) vs PBO + MTX in MTX-IR pts and vs MTX mono in MTX-naïve pts (Table 1).Table 1.Ratio of no radiographic progression at W24FINCH 1: MTX-IRFIL200 + MTXFIL100 + MTXADA + MTXPBO + MTXBL yearly progression≥5(n = 138)<5(n = 267)≥5(n = 139)<5(n = 265)≥5(n = 91)<5(n = 180)≥5(n = 101)<5(n = 250)% with no progression (≤0.5)87.797.088.592.587.993.976.291.6OR2.22*2.97*2.40*1.12††††% with no progression (≤0)80.491.881.388.380.289.467.386.4OR2.00*1.752.11*1.19††††% with no progression (≤SDC [1.36])91.398.192.196.692.395.681.294.0OR2.43*3.35*2.70*1.82††††FINCH 3: MTX-naïveFIL200 + MTXFIL100 + MTXFIL200 monoMTXBL yearly progression≥5<5≥5<5≥5<5≥5<5(n = 221)(n = 134)(n = 121)(n = 63)(n = 115)(n = 58)(n = 224)(n = 132)% with no progression (≤0.5)86.994.083.593.789.689.778.687.9OR1.81*2.171.382.032.34*1.20††% with no progression (≤0)78.783.672.784.180.087.967.980.3OR1.75*1.251.261.31.89*1.79††% with no progression (≤SDC [1.53])93.797.891.796.895.796.689.395.5OR1.772.081.331.452.641.33††MTX-IR ORs are FIL vs PBO + MTX; MTX-naïve are FIL vs MTX. *Nominal P<.05. †Not applicable.ADA, adalimumab; FIL, filgotinib; IR, inadequate response; mTSS, modified total Sharp score; MTX, methotrexate; OR, odds ratio; SDC, smallest detectable change; W, week.ConclusionThese data suggest filgotinib’s inhibition of radiographic progression was numerically greater than MTX monotherapy in RA pts with high estimated BL yearly progression. In those with a more moderate estimated rate of progression, filgotinib suppressed progression comparably to ADA and/or MTX.References[1]Smolen J et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2018;77:1566–1572.[2]Combe B et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2021;80:848–858.[3]Westhovens R et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2021;80:727–738.[4]Vastesaeger N et al. Rheumatology. 2009;48:1114–1121.AcknowledgementsThis study was funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA. Medical writing support was provided by Rob Coover, MPH, of AlphaScientia, LLC, San Francisco, CA; and funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA. Funding for this analysis was provided by Gilead Sciences, Inc. The sponsors participated in the planning, execution, and interpretation of the research.Disclosure of InterestsYoshiya Tanaka Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Behringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, and YL Biologics, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi-Kasei, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Chugai, Corrona, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Kowa, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, and Takeda, Tatsuya Atsumi Paid instructor for: Gilead Sciences, Inc.; Mitsubishi Tanabe; Chugai; Astellas Pharma; Takeda; Pfizer; AbbVie: Eisai; Daiichi Sankyo; Bristol-Myers Squibb; UCB Japan Co. Ltd.; Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; and Alexion Inc., Grant/research support from: Gilead Sciences, Inc.; Mitsubishi Tanabe; Chugai; Astellas Pharma; Takeda; Pfizer; AbbVie: Eisai; Daiichi Sankyo; Bristol-Myers Squibb; UCB Japan Co. Ltd.; Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; and Alexion Inc., Daniel Aletaha Speakers bureau: AbbVie; Amgen; Celgene; Eli Lilly; Medac; Merck; Novartis; Pfizer; Roche; Sandoz; and Sanofi/Genzyme; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and UCB, Consultant of: Janssen; AbbVie; Amgen; Celgene; Eli Lilly; Medac; Merck; Novartis; Pfizer; Roche; Sandoz; and Sanofi/Genzyme, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, and Roche, Robert B.M. Landewé Paid instructor for: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Galapagos NV, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Galapagos NV, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Beatrix Bartok Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc, Alena Pechonkina Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Zhaoyu Yin Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Ling Han Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Kahaku Emoto Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences K.K., Shungo Kano Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences K.K., Vijay Rajendran Employee of: Galapagos BV, Tsutomu Takeuchi Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Ayumi Pharmaceutical Corporation, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Dainippon Sumitomo Eisai, Eli Lilly Japan, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Novartis, Pfizer Japan, Sanofi, and Gilead Sciences, Inc., Consultant of: Astellas, Chugai, and Eli Lilly Japan, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Shionogi, Takeda, and UCB Japan
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Sivakumar HP, Sundararajan S, Rajendran V, Ramalingam S. Genome wide survey, and expression analysis of Ornithine decarboxylase gene associated with alkaloid biosynthesis in plants. Genomics 2022; 114:84-94. [PMID: 34839021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Plant ODC (ornithine decarboxylase) plays a vital role in normalizing cell division in actively growing tissues. The ODC is a key precursor enzyme for nicotine and nornicotine biosynthesis in plants. ODCs are widely present in many plant families but have not been functionally validated and characterized at the molecular level. In the present study, 58 plant ODCs were identified and were found to contain two putative regulatory motifs, specifically PLP (Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate) and Orn/DAP/Arg decarboxylase family 2 pyridoxal-phosphate, that are highly conserved among diverse plant species. Further, the cis-regulatory elements and interacting partners of the gene revealed the importance of ODC in various metabolic pathways. The qRT-PCR revealed highest relative expression of ODC in floral meristem and roots. Our results suggest that ODC can be effectively used as an ideal candidate for engineering polyamine biosynthesis and would be crucial for developing ultra-low nicotine content tobacco lines via genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Priya Sivakumar
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India; DRDO-BU Center for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University campus, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Sathish Sundararajan
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Venkatesh Rajendran
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Sathishkumar Ramalingam
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India.
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Sundararajan S, Rajendran V, Sivakumar HP, Nayeem S, Mani Chandra H, Sharma A, Ramalingam S. Enhanced vitamin E content in an Indica rice cultivar harbouring two transgenes from Arabidopsis thaliana involved in tocopherol biosynthesis pathway. Plant Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1083-1085. [PMID: 33682309 PMCID: PMC8196657 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Sundararajan
- Plant Genetic Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of BiotechnologyBharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreIndia
| | - Venkatesh Rajendran
- Plant Genetic Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of BiotechnologyBharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreIndia
| | - Hari Priya Sivakumar
- Plant Genetic Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of BiotechnologyBharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreIndia
| | - Safia Nayeem
- Plant Genetic Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of BiotechnologyBharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreIndia
| | - Harish Mani Chandra
- Plant Genetic Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of BiotechnologyBharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreIndia
- Department of BiotechnologyThiruvalluvar UniversitySerkkaduVelloreIndia
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Technologico de MonterreyCentre of BioengineeringSantiago de QuerétaroQueretaroMexico
| | - Sathishkumar Ramalingam
- Plant Genetic Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of BiotechnologyBharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreIndia
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Kumar SS, Ragunanthanan S, Ramesh D, Rajendran V, Sridhar S. Case Reports of Two Interesting Patients with Sea Snake Envenomation. J Assoc Physicians India 2020; 68:78-81. [PMID: 33247651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sea Snakes have the most potent venom among snakes known to mankind and a few species are implicated in human fatalities.1 Commonest Sea snake in the Indian Sea is Enhydrina Schistosa.2 Mortality is high in spite of therapy because of multiple complications. This is a Case report of two Fishermen who were bitten by Sea Snake and developed complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Senthil Kumar
- Assistant Professor, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
| | | | - D Ramesh
- Assistant Professor, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
| | - V Rajendran
- Assistant Professor, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
| | - S Sridhar
- Assistant Professor, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
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Sundararajan S, Rajendran V, Nayeem S, Ramalingam S. Physicochemical factors modulate regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of recalcitrant indica rice cultivars - ASD16 and IR64. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Suriyaprabha R, Balu KS, Karthik S, Prabhu M, Rajendran V, Aicher WK, Maaza M. A sensitive refining of in vitro and in vivo toxicological behavior of green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles from the shells of Jatropha curcas for multifunctional biomaterials development. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 184:109621. [PMID: 31520953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) possess a wide range of biological functions in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications due to their excellent antimicrobial, optical and UV protective properties. This study first reports the toxicological assessment of ZnO NPs green synthesized from Jatropha curcas shells for multifunctional biomedical applications. The hot water extract of J.curcas shells is utilized as a chelating agent for the reduction of zinc acetate and then, the prepared ZnO NPs are broadly characterized using X-ray spectroscopic and electron microscopic observations. The prepared ZnO NPs acquire high purity (100%) wurtzite crystal with hexagonal structure with the average particle size of 53 nm. In vitro and in vivo toxicity evaluation against human tumor cell lines and zebrafish embryos have ascertained the purpose of ZnO NPs in clinical research. Toxic effects of ZnO NPs were observed by a dose-dependent reduction of bacterial growth at ≥1 μg ml-1, by teratogenicity and genotoxicity in zebrafish embryos (from 3 to 90 μg ml-1) and by a significant nanoparticle uptake (0.5 ng μl-1) by a fish serum. In contrast, ZnO NPs fail to reduce the proliferation of human bladder tumor cells (UC6) and cell viability of A549 cells in vitro up to 500 μg ml-1. All these observations limit the unobstructed application of ZnO NPs at higher concentrations. Thus, abundantly used metal oxide nanoparticles like ZnO NPs examined in our present study in different animal models under in vitro and in vivo conditions will be the significant screening strategy to determine the nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Suriyaprabha
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology Tiruchengode, 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K S Balu
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology Tiruchengode, 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Karthik
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology Tiruchengode, 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Prabhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mahendra Institute of Technology Mahendhirapuri, 637503, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Rajendran
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology Tiruchengode, 637215, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Research, Dr. N. G. P. Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, 641048, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Wilhelm K Aicher
- Department of Urology, University of Tübingen Hospital, Waldhörnlestr. 22, 72072, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Malik Maaza
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, PO Box 722, Somerset West, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
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Rajendran V, Sivakumar HP, Marichamy I, Sundararajan S, Ramalingam S. Phytonutrients analysis in ten popular traditional Indian rice landraces (Oryza sativa L.). Food Measure 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9877-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Deepa B, Rajendran V. Pure and Cu metal doped WO3 prepared via co-precipitation method and studies on their structural, morphological, electrochemical and optical properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Srinivasan R, Rajendran V, Zacharia S, Sudhakar T. Advances in Sea Surface Layer Temperature Measurements with Fast Responding Thermistor Arrays on Drifting Buoys. CURR SCI INDIA 2018. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v115/i2/325-330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Jothilakshmi GR, Raaza A, Rajendran V, Sreenivasa Varma Y, Guru Nirmal Raj R. Pattern Recognition and Size Prediction of Microcalcification Based on Physical Characteristics by Using Digital Mammogram Images. J Digit Imaging 2018; 31:912-922. [PMID: 29873011 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-018-0075-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the life-threatening cancers occurring in women. In recent years, from the surveys provided by various medical organizations, it has become clear that the mortality rate of females is increasing owing to the late detection of breast cancer. Therefore, an automated algorithm is needed to identify the early occurrence of microcalcification, which would assist radiologists and physicians in reducing the false predictions via image processing techniques. In this work, we propose a new algorithm to detect the pattern of a microcalcification by calculating its physical characteristics. The considered physical characteristics are the reflection coefficient and mass density of the binned digital mammogram image. The calculation of physical characteristics doubly confirms the presence of malignant microcalcification. Subsequently, by interpolating the physical characteristics via thresholding and mapping techniques, a three-dimensional (3D) projection of the region of interest (RoI) is obtained in terms of the distance in millimeter. The size of a microcalcification is determined using this 3D-projected view. This algorithm is verified with 100 abnormal mammogram images showing microcalcification and 10 normal mammogram images. In addition to the size calculation, the proposed algorithm acts as a good classifier that is used to classify the considered input image as normal or abnormal with the help of only two physical characteristics. This proposed algorithm exhibits a classification accuracy of 99%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - V Rajendran
- Department of ECE, Vels University, Chennai, India
| | | | - R Guru Nirmal Raj
- Department of ECE, Lakshmiammal Polytechnique College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, India
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Suriyaprabha R, Sreeja KA, Prabu M, Prabu P, Rajendran V. Bioaccumulation of Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Influence on Early Growth Stages of Vigna unguiculata Seeds. BioNanoSci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-018-0535-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Nandhini G, Suriyaprabha R, Maria Sheela Pauline W, Rajendran V, Aicher WK, Awitor OK. Influence of solvents on the changes in structure, purity, and in vitro characteristics of green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles from Costus igneus. Appl Nanosci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-018-0810-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Rajendran V, Deepa B. Studies on the Structural, Morphological, Optical, Electro Chemical and Antimicrobial Activity of Bare, Cu and Ag @ WO3 Nanoplates by Hydrothermal Method. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-018-0846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Ramasamy V, Mohana V, Rajendran V. Characterization of Ca doped CeO2 quantum dots and their applications in photocatalytic degradation. OpenNano 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mekala R, Rajendran V. Effect of Various Ionic Surfactants Mediated ZrO2 Nanostructures and Their Structural, Morphological and Optical Properties Under UV Irradiation. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-017-0654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rajendran V, Ramamoorthy C. Structural and Optical Properties of LaPO4 Nanostructures by the Hydrothermal Process and Its Photocatalytic Activity. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-017-0657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rajendran V, Prabu P, Manivasakan P. In Focus section: NANO-15. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Rajendran
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology; K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology; India
| | - P. Prabu
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology; K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology; India
| | - P. Manivasakan
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology; K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology; India
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Nithyavathy N, Arunmetha S, Dhineshbabu NR, Panday MS, Rajendran V. Synthesis and Characterisation of Nanocomposites of TiO₂ and MgAl₂O₄ for Gas Sensing Applications. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2017; 17:1307-1320. [PMID: 29683566 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2017.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a conventional mixed oxide method was used to prepare nanocomposites of titanium dioxide and magnesium aluminate samples. The synthesis process of a low concentration of posttransition metal oxide like TiO2 with pre-transition metal oxides like MgO and Al₂O3 and its gas sensing behaviour were investigated. The present work focuses on applying different nanocomposite samples of (TiO2) x and MgAl₂O₄ (at x = 0 magnesium aluminate namely MA; x = 0°25 and 0.75 N namely MAT0.25 and MAT0.75 at 4 and 10 wt% of TiO2 in MgAl₂O₄ respectively and TiO₂ namely T) for gas sensing applications (O₂, CO and H₂ gases). The composite samples were characterized by their X-ray diffraction pattern, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, a particle size analyzer, X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller methods. The response to changes in gas pressure (from 0.5 to 2 bar) was quantitatively studied in all samples (MA, MAT0.25, MAT0.75 and T) at different operating temperatures from 300 to 600 K. All samples showed a fast and improved gas response at different operating temperatures. Moreover, it was observed that the gas response of the composite sample, MAT0.75 increased by 11% more than the pure titanium sample at an operating temperature of 360 K, on the passage of O₂ gas.
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Kumar SP, Sakthipandi K, Gayathiri R, Panday MS, Rajendran V. Online ultrasonic characterization of La 1-xNa xMnO 3: Bulk and nanostructured perovskites. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15533174.2016.1186041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Praveen Kumar
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - K. Sakthipandi
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - R. Gayathiri
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - M. Sridhar Panday
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - V. Rajendran
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Rajendran
- Centre for Nanoscience and TechnologyK.S.Rangasamy College of TechnologyIndia
| | - P. Prabu
- Centre for Nanoscience and TechnologyK.S.Rangasamy College of TechnologyIndia
| | - P. Manivasakan
- Centre for Nanoscience and TechnologyK.S.Rangasamy College of TechnologyIndia
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Rajaram S, Rajendran V, Sheik Abdullah A, Suganya R. Prediction of heart diseases using hybrid feature selection and modified Laplacian pyramid non-linear diffusion with soft computing methods. IJBET 2017. [DOI: 10.1504/ijbet.2017.10007482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Suganya R, Rajaram S, Abdullah AS, Rajendran V. Prediction of heart diseases using hybrid feature selection and modified Laplacian pyramid non-linear diffusion with soft computing methods. IJBET 2017. [DOI: 10.1504/ijbet.2017.086550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rajendran V, Krishnasamy K. Attenuation of DEN induced hepatocellular carcinoma by a novel synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Solanum villosum (Mill.) leaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.24297/jbt.v6i2.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: In today’s fast and furious life, the life style and food habits of people are changing drastically, due to which ninety percent of the population suffers with oxidative stress resulting as ageing process, arthritis, ischemia, neurodegeneration, chronic liver diseases and cancer. The aim of the study is to evaluate the anticancer potential of Solanum villosum leaves against the diethylnitrosamine induced experimental hepatocellular carcinoma in male wistar albino rats.Methods:Various biochemical, cancer markers, intermediatery enzymes and histopathology were studied systematically for different groups of rats. Results: The animals exposed to diethylnitrosamine showed significant alterations in all biochemical and metabolic enzymes. After administration of silver nanoparticles of Solanum villosum leaves (SNPs-AESVL 100 μg/kg b.w) effectively suppressed the tumor growth induced by diethylnitrosamine. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that silver nanoparticles of Solanum villosum leaves are potential anticancer effect, preventing tumor growth and hepatocellular damage.
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Revathi V, Rajendran V. Investigation on growth and characteristics of undoped and Mn doped glycinium oxalate single crystals. Karbala International Journal of Modern Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kijoms.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Vinoth M, Suriyaprabha R, Arunmetha S, Karthik A, Karthik S, Paramasivam P, Prabu P, Manivasakan P, Saminathan K, Rajendran V. Synthesis of Nothapodytes Nimmoniana Leaf Nanoparticles for Antireflective and Self-Cleaning Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15533174.2015.1040164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Vinoth
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - R. Suriyaprabha
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - S. Arunmetha
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - A. Karthik
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - P. Paramasivam
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - P. Prabu
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - P. Manivasakan
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - K. Saminathan
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - V. Rajendran
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
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Sriram G, Dhineshbabu NR, Nithyavathy N, Saminathan K, Kaler KVIS, Rajendran V. Sensitivity and Response of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Tin Oxide Nanocomposite Multilayer Thin Film Sensors. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:1008-1017. [PMID: 27398561 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.10669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Tin Oxide (SnO₂) is Non-Stoichiometric in Nature with Functional Properties Suitable for gas sensing. In this study, SnO₂nanoparticles were prepared by the sol-gel technique, which were then characterised using X-ray diffraction. The nanoparticles showed tetragonal structure with an average crystallite size of 18 nm. The stretching and vibration modes of SnO₂were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The size of SnO₂ nanoparticles was determined using particle size analyser, which was found be 60 ± 10 nm on average. The surface morphology of the nanoparticles was investigated using scanning electron microscope, which showed irregular-sized agglomerated SnO₂nanostructures. In addition, primary particle size was evaluated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, which was found to be 50 nm on average. The polyvinyl alcohol/SnO₂ composite thin film was prepared on a glass substrate using spin-coating method. The values of band gap energy and electrical conductance of 13-layer thin film were found to be 2.96 eV and 0.0505 mho, respectively. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) was suitably tailored to verify the sensor response over a concentration range of 10-70 ppm at room temperature. The performance, response, and recovery time of sensors were increased by increasing the layers of the thin film.
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Rajendran V, Kumar V. Atypical Bronchial Carcinoid Masquerading as Bronchial Asthma. J Assoc Physicians India 2015; 63:69-70. [PMID: 29900716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A case study of 35-year-old woman with persistent breathlessness and wheezing that had been unsuccessfully treated with inhaled beta 2-agonists and steroids for about two years. Patient developed dry cough and haemoptysis, so investigated further. Spirometry demonstrated a restrictive pattern. Chest CT demonstrated well defined hyperdense lesion in right middle lobe. Biopsy taken from the mass during bronchoscopy demonstrated the picture of atypical bronchial carcinoid. In this case, due to the lack of awareness, diagnosis of carcinoid was delayed by two years.
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Nithyavathy N, Arunmetha S, Dhineshbabu NR, Rajendran V. Investigation Into Gas-Sensing Mechanism of Nanostructured Magnesium Aluminate as a Function of Temperature. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2015; 15:5112-5122. [PMID: 26373088 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.9850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we used a new simple chemical method to synthesise nanostructured magnesium aluminate (NMA) powder. Sol-gel technique followed by sonication was used to develop different sensor samples namely NMA573, NMA873, and NMA1 073 by calcination at temperatures of 573, 873, and 1073 K respectively. Average crystallite size of 18-27 nm and specific surface area of 68.09 to 61.84 m2 g(-1) was obtained for the sensor samples. The existence of functional groups at 800 and 550 cm-1 corresponding respectively to AIO6 group and the lattice vibration of MgO4 stretching were confirmed through FTIR studies; SEM/EDX confirm the spherical morphology with elemental composition Mg, Al and O at different calcination temperatures. UV-Vis absorption spectra show band gap energy as 3.50, 3.48, and 3.44 eV for the sensor samples NMA573, NMA873, and NMA1 073 respectively. The effect of polyethylene glycol on the gas-sensing behaviour was studied in all the sensor samples. In particular, NMA1073 was found to have better resistance and sensor response for CO gas than NMA573 and NMA873. The effect of increase in calcination temperature of the sensor samples on the structural, morphological, optical, and gas response properties were carried out extensively to explore its gas sensing applications.
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Sutha S, Dhineshbabu NR, Prabhu M, Rajendran V. Mg-Doped Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composite Coated 316L Stainless Steel Implants for Biomedical Applications. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2015; 15:4178-4187. [PMID: 26369027 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.9753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this investigation, ultrasonication process was used for the synthesis of magnesium doped nano-hydroxyapatite (MH) (0, 1, 2, and 3 mol% of Mg concentration) particles with controlled size and surface morphology. The size of the prepared MH particles was in the range of 20-100 nm with narrow distribution. Increase in the concentration of Mg reduced the particle size distribution from 60 to 40 nm. On incorporation of Mg in HAp lattice, an increase of 20-66 nm in specific surface area was observed in microporous HAp particles. XRF and XRD patterns reveal that the particles possess stoichiometric composition with reduced crystallinity with respect to the Mg concentration. Surface morphology of MH/chitosan (CTS) coated implant was found to be uniform without any defects. The corrosion rate of the implant decreased with increase in Mg concentration. The in vitro formation of bonelike apatite layer on the surface of the MH/CTS coated implant was observed from simulated body fluid studies. The antimicrobial activity of the MH/CTS composites against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains indicated that increasing Mg concentration enhanced antimicrobial properties. Nanoindentation analysis of apatite coated implant surface reveals that the mechanical property depends on the concentration of magnesium in HAp. From the cytotoxicity analysis against NIH 3T3 fibroblast, it was observed that the Mg incorporated HAp/CTS composite was less toxic than the MHO/CTS composite. From this result, it was concluded that the MH/CTS nanocomposites coated implant is the excellent material for implants.
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Yuvakkumar R, Suresh J, Saravanakumar B, Joseph Nathanael A, Hong SI, Rajendran V. Rambutan peels promoted biomimetic synthesis of bioinspired zinc oxide nanochains for biomedical applications. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 137:250-8. [PMID: 25228035 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A naturally occurring rambutan peel waste was employed to synthesis bioinspired zinc oxide nanochains. Rambutan peels has the ability of ligating zinc ions as a natural ligation agent resulting in zinc oxide nanochains formation due to its extended polyphenolic system over incubation period. Successful formation of zinc oxide nanochains was confirmed employing transmission electron microscopy studies. About 60% and ∼40% cell viability was lost and 50% and 10% morphological change was observed in 7 and 4 days incubated ZnO treated cells compared with control. Moreover, 50% and 55% of cell death was observed at 24 and 48 h incubation with 7 days treated ZnO cells and hence alters and disturbs the growth of cancer cells and could be used for liver cancer cell treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yuvakkumar
- Department of Nanomaterials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - J Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University College of Engineering, Kanchipuram 631 552, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Saravanakumar
- Center for Nanoscience and Technology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Joseph Nathanael
- Department of Nano, Medical and Polymer Materials, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, South Korea
| | - Sun Ig Hong
- Department of Nanomaterials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea.
| | - V Rajendran
- Center for Nanoscience and Technology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Rajendran V, Dhineshbabu NR, Kanna RR, Kaler KVIS. Enhancement of Thermal Stability, Flame Retardancy, and Antimicrobial Properties of Cotton Fabrics Functionalized by Inorganic Nanocomposites. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie502584m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Rajendran
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. R. Dhineshbabu
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Rajesh Kanna
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karan V. I. S. Kaler
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Srither SR, Karthik A, Selvam M, Saminathan K, Rajendran V, Kaler KVIS. Nano-sized MnO2particles produced by spray pyrolysis for a Zn/MnO2primary cell: comparative discharge performance studies with their bulk counterparts. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05060f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Dhineshbabu NR, Manivasakan P, Karthik A, Rajendran V. Hydrophobicity, flame retardancy and antibacterial properties of cotton fabrics functionalised with MgO/methyl silicate nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03348e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Suriyaprabha R, Karunakaran G, Yuvakkumar R, Rajendran V, Kannan N. Foliar Application of Silica Nanoparticles on the Phytochemical Responses of Maize (Zea mays L.) and Its Toxicological Behavior. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/15533174.2013.799197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Suriyaprabha
- a Centre for Nano Science and Technology , K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology , Tiruchengode , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - G. Karunakaran
- a Centre for Nano Science and Technology , K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology , Tiruchengode , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - R. Yuvakkumar
- a Centre for Nano Science and Technology , K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology , Tiruchengode , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - V. Rajendran
- a Centre for Nano Science and Technology , K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology , Tiruchengode , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - N. Kannan
- b Department of Biotechnology , K. S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science , Tiruchengode , Tamil Nadu , India
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Kavitha K, Chunyan W, Navaneethan D, Rajendran V, Valiyaveettil S, Vinoth A. In vitro gene expression and preliminary in vivo studies of temperature-dependent titania–graphene nanocomposites for bone replacement applications. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03964e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To meet the demand for biomaterials due to increasing bone defects and damage, we sought to synthesize titania–graphene nanocomposites at different sintering temperatures and then optimize them to explore their potential applications in biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Kavitha
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology
- K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology
- Tiruchengode-637 215, India
| | - W. Chunyan
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- National University of Singapore
- , Singapore
| | - D. Navaneethan
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology
- K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology
- Tiruchengode-637 215, India
| | - V. Rajendran
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology
- K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology
- Tiruchengode-637 215, India
| | - Suresh Valiyaveettil
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- National University of Singapore
- , Singapore
| | - A. Vinoth
- Molecular Genetics and Breeding Laboratory
- Directorate of poultry Research
- Hyderabad-500 030, India
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Prabhu M, Suriyaprabha R, Rajendran V, Kulandaivelu P, Valiyaveettil S. In vivo cytotoxicity of MgO-doped nanobioactive glass particles and their anticorrosive coating on Ti–6Al–4V and SS304 implants for high load-bearing applications. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04892j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium-doped NBG composites (SiO2–CaO–P2O5–MgO) coated implant is found to be a potential nanocomposite for high load-bearing applications with better anticorrosive property and long-term stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Prabhu
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology
- K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology
- Tiruchengode-637215, India
| | - R. Suriyaprabha
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology
- K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology
- Tiruchengode-637215, India
| | - V. Rajendran
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology
- K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology
- Tiruchengode-637215, India
| | - P. Kulandaivelu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology
- Tiruchengode-637215, India
| | - S. Valiyaveettil
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- National University of Singapore
- , Singapore
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Arunmetha S, Manivasakan P, Karthik A, Dhinesh Babu N, Srither S, Rajendran V. Effect of processing methods on physicochemical properties of titania nanoparticles produced from natural rutile sand. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sutha S, Kavitha K, Karunakaran G, Rajendran V. In-vitro bioactivity, biocorrosion and antibacterial activity of silicon integrated hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite coating on 316L stainless steel implants. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2013; 33:4046-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rajkumar M, Kavitha K, Prabhu M, Meenakshisundaram N, Rajendran V. Nanohydroxyapatite–chitosan–gelatin polyelectrolyte complex with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2013; 33:3237-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dhineshbabu NR, Manivasakan P, Yuvakkumar R, Prabu P, Rajendran V. Enhanced functional properties of ZrO2/SiO2 hybrid nanosol coated cotton fabrics. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2013; 13:4017-4024. [PMID: 23862442 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2013.7175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this present investigation, the colloidal silica and nano ZrO2 embedded silica solution were prepared using sol-gel method followed by the sonication process. The particle size was measured for the prepared silica sol with and without ZrO2 nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles were coated on the cotton fabric through pad dry method. The phase and functional group analysis of the cotton fabrics after coating reveals the presence of metal oxides on the surface. The surface morphology of the coated fabrics analysed using SEM shows that the nanoparticles were in spherical morphology with slight agglomerations. The element analysis confirms the presence of silica (SiO2) and ZrO2/SiO2 nanoparticles along with cellulose on the surface. The washing durability of the coated fabrics after 5th and 10th wash indicates that the nanoparticles were strongly adhered on the fabric surface. The burning performance of coated fabrics is in the order of ZrO2/SiO2 (19.5 s) > SiO2 (11.3 s) before and after wash; UV resistance of fabric was in the order of ZrO2/SiO2 > SiO2 > uncoated fabric. Cotton fabrics coated with ZrO2/SiO2 particles show better UV and flammability protection for textile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Dhineshbabu
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kavitha K, Sutha S, Prabhu M, Rajendran V, Jayakumar T. In situ synthesized novel biocompatible titania–chitosan nanocomposites with high surface area and antibacterial activity. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 93:731-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Nithya E, Radhai R, Rajendran R, Shalini S, Rajendran V, Jayakumar S. Synergetic effect of DC air plasma and cellulase enzyme treatment on the hydrophilicity of cotton fabric. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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