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Fröhlich GC, Gregianini TS, Pinheiro FG, Nascimento R, Cezar TM, Pscheidt VM, Selayaran T, Martins LG, Gomes MFDC, Salvato RS, Pereira EC, Guimarães-Ribeiro V, Scalioni LDP, Siqueira MM, Resende PC, Veiga ABG. Resurgence of human respiratory syncytial virus during COVID-19 pandemic in Southern Brazil. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29551. [PMID: 38506236 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is an important cause of respiratory infection in humans. Severe cases are common in children ≤2 years old, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly. In 2020, RSV infection reduced in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southern Brazil; however, in 2021 resurgence of RSV was observed. This study analyzed epidemiological and genetic features of RSV infection cases reported in 2021 in RS. Nasopharyngeal samples collected from individuals with respiratory infection negative for SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A and B viruses were assessed for the presence of RSV by real time RT-qPCR. RSV-A and RSV-B genomic sequencing and phylogenetic reconstructions were performed for genotyping and clade characterization. Among 21,035 respiratory samples analyzed, 2,947 were positive for RSV, 947 of which were hospitalized patients. Positive cases were detected year-round, with the highest number in June-July (winter). Children <1 year comprised 56.28% (n = 533) of the hospitalized patients infected with RSV, whereas 14.46% (n = 137) were individuals >60 years. Of a total of 361 deaths, 14.68% (n = 53) were RSV positive, mostly patients >60 years old (73.58%, n = 39). Chronic kidney disease, cardiopathy, Down syndrome and neurological diseases were associated with RSV infection. RSV-A was identified in 58.5% (n = 117/200) of the patients, and RSV-B in 41.5% (n = 83/200). Of 95 RSV genomes recovered from SARI cases, 66 were RSV-A GA.2.3.5 genotype, while 29 were RSV-B GB.5.0.5a genotype. This study provides epidemiological and molecular data on RSV cases in RS during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights that investigation of different respiratory viruses is essential for decision-making and disease prevention and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme C Fröhlich
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-LACEN/CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana S Gregianini
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-LACEN/CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe G Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Nascimento
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Cezar
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Veridiane M Pscheidt
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tainá Selayaran
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-CDCT/CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia G Martins
- Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Richard S Salvato
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-CDCT/CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elisa C Pereira
- Laboratório Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais - LVRE/FIOCRUZ-RJ, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Victor Guimarães-Ribeiro
- Laboratório Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais - LVRE/FIOCRUZ-RJ, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia de Paula Scalioni
- Laboratório Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais - LVRE/FIOCRUZ-RJ, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilda M Siqueira
- Laboratório Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais - LVRE/FIOCRUZ-RJ, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paola C Resende
- Laboratório Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais - LVRE/FIOCRUZ-RJ, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana B G Veiga
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Salles T, Corrêa I, Guimarães-Ribeiro V, Carvalho E, Moreira M. LED Colour Trap for Aedes aegypti Control. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2021; 15:227-331. [PMID: 34465281 DOI: 10.2174/1872208315666210831152834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti mosquitoes transmit dengue, zika, and chikungunya viruses, neglected diseases that are considered global health challenges. Due to the lack of antiviral drugs and vaccines for these illnesses, vector control with chemical insecticides is the principal strategy for preventing their spread. However, vector populations are becoming increasingly resistant to insecticides, and the development of other control measures is, therefore, imperative. METHODS A new insect trap (IT) was used to control Aedes aegypti. A specific light-emitting diode (LED) served as the attractant based on specific wavelength ranges (450-495, 500-550 and 570-600 nm). The IT utilized insect-attracting and killing mechanisms that included a black capture box, a suction-producing mechanism, an electric shock device and a nylon cloth device that held surviving mosquitoes, which died due to starvation. Capture assays of twenty non-feeding females inside a cage were performed in triplicate using different LED intensities. A commercial trap (ultraviolet lamp attractant and suction system) was used as a positive control. RESULTS Capture assays of A. aegypti with different intensities and LED combinations showed that the tricolored trap captured 100% of the females, followed by the Green LED 8 set, which captured 91%; in comparison, commercial traps captured approximately 25% of the insects. Although there were no significant differences between the experimental groups, the tricolored trap probably will capture more mosquito females considering the vision variation in individual females. CONCLUSION We herein present a green technology-based IT that is effective, safe and successful for reducing mosquito populations, thereby preventing mosquito-borne disease spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Salles
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Quimica, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CEP 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ivo Corrêa
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Odontologia, Brigadeiro Trompowsky s/n, CEP 21949-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Victor Guimarães-Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Quimica, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CEP 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Edimilson Carvalho
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagao Gesteira, Rua Bruno Lobo, 50, CEP 21941-912, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mônica Moreira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Quimica, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CEP 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Salles TS, da Encarnação Sá-Guimarães T, de Alvarenga ESL, Guimarães-Ribeiro V, de Meneses MDF, de Castro-Salles PF, dos Santos CR, do Amaral Melo AC, Soares MR, Ferreira DF, Moreira MF. History, epidemiology and diagnostics of dengue in the American and Brazilian contexts: a review. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:264. [PMID: 29690895 PMCID: PMC5937836 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2830-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV), an arbovirus transmitted by mosquitoes, has become a major threat to American human life, reaching approximately 23 million cases from 1980 to 2017. Brazil is among the countries most affected by this terrible viral disease, with 13.6 million cases. DENV has four different serotypes, DENV1-4, which show a broad clinical spectrum. Dengue creates a staggering epidemiological and economic burden for endemic countries. Without a specific therapy and with a commercial vaccine that presents some problems relative to its full effectiveness, initiatives to improve vector control strategies, early disease diagnostics and the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs are priorities. In this study, we present the probable origins of dengue in America and the trajectories of its spread. Overall, dengue diagnostics are costly, making the monitoring of dengue epidemiology more difficult and affecting physicians' therapeutic decisions regarding dengue patients, especially in developing countries. This review also highlights some recent and important findings regarding dengue in Brazil and the Americas. We also summarize the existing DENV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic tests to provide an improved reference since these tests are useful and accurate at discriminating DENV from other flaviviruses that co-circulate in the Americas. Additionally, these DENV PCR assays ensure virus serotyping, enabling epidemiologic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Souza Salles
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909 Brazil
- Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590 Brazil
| | | | - Evelyn Seam Lima de Alvarenga
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909 Brazil
| | - Victor Guimarães-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909 Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlucio Rocha dos Santos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia do Amaral Melo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909 Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 RJ Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina Soares
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909 Brazil
| | - Davis Fernandes Ferreira
- Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590 Brazil
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, 120 W Broughton Dr, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Monica Ferreira Moreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909 Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 RJ Brazil
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