57. clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 in New Orleans, LA: A Cohort Study

Background

In Louisiana, deaths related to COVID-19 have disproportionately occurred in Black persons. Granular data are needed to better understand inequities and develop prevention strategies to mitigate further impact on Black communities.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to an urban safety net hospital in New Orleans, LA with reactive SARS-CoV-2 testing from March 9–31, 2020. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Black and other racial/ethnic group patients were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Fisher’s exact tests. We examined Day-14 status using an ordinal scale to assess race and outcome.

Table 1. Demographics and Comorbidities by Race for Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

Results

This study included 249 patients. Median age was 59, 44% were male, 86% were age ≥65 years or had ≥1 comorbidity. Overall, 87% were Black, relative to 55% Black patients typically hospitalized at our center. Black patients had longer symptom duration at presentation (6.41 versus 5.88 days, p=0.05), and were more likely to have asthma (p=0.008), but less likely to have dementia (p=0.002). There were no racial differences in initial respiratory status or laboratory values other than higher initial LDH in Black patients. Patient age and initial oxygen requirement, but not race (adjusted proportional odds ratio = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.70–1.20), were associated with worse Day-14 outcomes.

Figure 1: Admissions over time by Race

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate minor racial differences in comorbidities or disease severity at presentation, and Day-14 outcomes were not different between groups. However, Black patients were disproportionately represented in hospitalizations, suggesting that prevention efforts should include strategies to limit SARS-CoV-2 exposures in Black communities as one step towards reducing racial inequities related to COVID-19.

Figure 3a: Logistic Regression for Initial Oxygen Requirement

Disclosures

Meredith E. Clement, MD, FHI360 (Consultant)Gilead (Research Grant or Support)Janssen (Scientific Research Study Investigator)

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes Based on Race of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in a New Orleans Cohort

Background

In Louisiana, deaths related to COVID-19 have disproportionately occurred in Black persons. Granular data are needed to better understand inequities and develop prevention strategies to mitigate further impact on Black communities.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of patients admitted to an urban safety net hospital in New Orleans, Louisiana, with reactive SARS-CoV-2 testing from March 9 to 31, 2020. Clinical characteristics of Black and other racial/ethnic group patients were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Fisher exact tests. The relationship between race and outcome was assessed using day 14 status on an ordinal scale.

Results

This study included 249 patients. The median age was 59, 44% were male, and 86% were age ≥65 years or had ≥1 comorbidity. Overall, 87% were Black, relative to 55% Black patients typically hospitalized at our center. Black patients had longer symptom duration at presentation (6.41 vs 5.88 days; P = .05) and were more likely to have asthma (P = .008) but less likely to have dementia (P = .002). There were no racial differences in initial respiratory status or laboratory values except for higher lactate dehydrogenase in Black patients. Patient age and initial oxygen requirement, but not race (adjusted proportional odds ratio, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.70–1.20), were associated with worse day 14 outcomes.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate minor racial differences in comorbidities or disease severity at presentation, and day 14 outcomes were not different between groups. However, Black patients were disproportionately represented in hospitalizations, suggesting that prevention efforts should include strategies to limit SARS-CoV-2 exposures and transmission in Black communities as one step toward reducing COVID-19-related racial inequities.