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Moreno E, Plata C, Vazquez N, Oropeza-Víveros DM, Pacheco-Alvarez D, Rojas-Vega L, Olin-Sandoval V, Gamba G. The European and Japanese eel NaCl cotransporter β exhibit chloride currents and are resistant to thiazide type diuretics. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C385-C399. [PMID: 35759442 PMCID: PMC9359660 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00213.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The thiazide-sensitive Na+-Cl- cotransporter (NCC) is the major pathway for salt reabsorption in the mammalian distal convoluted tubule, and the inhibition of its function with thiazides is widely used for the treatment of arterial hypertension. In mammals and teleosts, NCC is present as one ortholog that is mainly expressed in the kidney. One exception, however, is the eel, which has two genes encoding NCC. The eNCCa is located in the kidney and eNCCb, which is present in the apical membrane of the rectum. Interestingly, the European eNCCb functions as a NaCl cotransporter that is nevertheless resistant to thiazides and is not activated by low-chloride hypotonic stress. However, in the Japanese eel rectal sac, a thiazide-sensitive NaCl transport mechanism has been described. The protein sequences between eNCCβ and jNCCβ are 98% identical. Here, by site-directed mutagenesis, we transformed eNCCβ into jNCCβ. Our data showed that jNCCβ, similar to eNCCβ, is resistant to thiazides. In addition, both NCCβ proteins have high transport capacity with respect to their renal NCC orthologs, and in contrast to known NCCs, exhibit electrogenic properties that are reduced when residue I172 is substituted by A, G or M. This is considered a key residue for the chloride ion-binding sites of NKCC and KCC. We conclude that NCCb proteins are not sensitive to thiazides and have electrogenic properties dependent on Cl-, and site I172 is important for the function of NCCβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Moreno
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Plata
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Vazquez
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico.,Molecular Physiology Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalpan 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dulce María Oropeza-Víveros
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Lorena Rojas-Vega
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Viridiana Olin-Sandoval
- Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Gamba
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico.,Molecular Physiology Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalpan 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
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2
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Coutiño-Hernández D, Sánchez-Tapia M, Leal-Vega F, Bobadilla Del Valle M, Ledezma H, Cervantes R, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Granados-Portillo O, Díaz D, Antunes-Ricardo M, Gutiérrez-Uribe J, Maya O, Olin-Sandoval V, Tovar AR, Torres N. Modulation of gut microbiota by Mantequilla and Melipona honeys decrease low-grade inflammation caused by high fructose corn syrup or sucrose in rats. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110856. [PMID: 34980392 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that consumption of honey is associated with various health benefits. However, there is scarce evidence on whether honeys modify the intestinal microbiota by preventing the inflammatory response in the host. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to study the effect of Melipona (Mel) and Mantequilla (Mtq) honeys, which contain different bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity on gut microbiota and metabolic consequences in comparison with other sweeteners, in particular sucrose (S) and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in rats. The results of the present work showed that both honeys have polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidant and bactericidal activities. Rats fed with both honeys gained less weight and body fat by increasing energy expenditure compared to S or HFCS and increased gene expression of antioxidant enzymes mediated by the transcription factor Nrf2. Analysis of the gut microbiota showed that consumption of both honeys modified the beta-diversity compared to those fed S or HFCS resulting in increased abundance of a specific cluster of bacteria of the Clostridium genus particularly Coprococcus eutactus, Defluviitalea saccharophila, Ruminicoccus gnavus and Ruminicoccus flavefaciens. As a result of the changes in the gut microbiota, there was a decrease in LPS- and TLR4-mediated low-grade inflammation and an increase in sIgA. Consumption of both honeys prevented glucose intolerance and increased adipocyte size compared to S or HFCS. In conclusion, consumption of MtqH or MelH can reduce metabolic endotoxemia by modifying the gut microbiota to prevent glucose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Coutiño-Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México
| | - Mónica Sánchez-Tapia
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México
| | - Francisco Leal-Vega
- Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México
| | - Miriam Bobadilla Del Valle
- Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México
| | - Héctor Ledezma
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México
| | - Ricardo Cervantes
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México
| | - Omar Granados-Portillo
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México
| | - Daniel Díaz
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México
| | - Marilena Antunes-Ricardo
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Janet Gutiérrez-Uribe
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Otoniel Maya
- Novo Novodisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research. University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Viridiana Olin-Sandoval
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México
| | - Armando R Tovar
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México
| | - Nimbe Torres
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México.
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3
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Olin-Sandoval V, Yu JSL, Miller-Fleming L, Alam MT, Kamrad S, Correia-Melo C, Haas R, Segal J, Peña Navarro DA, Herrera-Dominguez L, Méndez-Lucio O, Vowinckel J, Mülleder M, Ralser M. Lysine harvesting is an antioxidant strategy and triggers underground polyamine metabolism. Nature 2019; 572:249-253. [PMID: 31367038 PMCID: PMC6774798 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Both single and multicellular organisms depend on anti-stress mechanisms that enable them to deal with sudden changes in the environment, including exposure to heat and oxidants. Central to the stress response are dynamic changes in metabolism, such as the transition from the glycolysis to the pentose phosphate pathway-a conserved first-line response to oxidative insults1,2. Here we report a second metabolic adaptation that protects microbial cells in stress situations. The role of the yeast polyamine transporter Tpo1p3-5 in maintaining oxidant resistance is unknown6. However, a proteomic time-course experiment suggests a link to lysine metabolism. We reveal a connection between polyamine and lysine metabolism during stress situations, in the form of a promiscuous enzymatic reaction in which the first enzyme of the polyamine pathway, Spe1p, decarboxylates lysine and forms an alternative polyamine, cadaverine. The reaction proceeds in the presence of extracellular lysine, which is taken up by cells to reach concentrations up to one hundred times higher than those required for growth. Such extensive harvest is not observed for the other amino acids, is dependent on the polyamine pathway and triggers a reprogramming of redox metabolism. As a result, NADPH-which would otherwise be required for lysine biosynthesis-is channelled into glutathione metabolism, leading to a large increase in glutathione concentrations, lower levels of reactive oxygen species and increased oxidant tolerance. Our results show that nutrient uptake occurs not only to enable cell growth, but when the nutrient availability is favourable it also enables cells to reconfigure their metabolism to preventatively mount stress protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viridiana Olin-Sandoval
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jason Shu Lim Yu
- The Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Leonor Miller-Fleming
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Stephan Kamrad
- The Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Clara Correia-Melo
- The Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Robert Haas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Joanna Segal
- The Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | - Oscar Méndez-Lucio
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jakob Vowinckel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Biognosys AG, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Michael Mülleder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- The Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
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4
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Kaminski Strauss S, Schirman D, Jona G, Brooks AN, Kunjapur AM, Nguyen Ba AN, Flint A, Solt A, Mershin A, Dixit A, Yona AH, Csörgő B, Busby BP, Hennig BP, Pál C, Schraivogel D, Schultz D, Wernick DG, Agashe D, Levi D, Zabezhinsky D, Russ D, Sass E, Tamar E, Herz E, Levy ED, Church GM, Yelin I, Nachman I, Gerst JE, Georgeson JM, Adamala KP, Steinmetz LM, Rübsam M, Ralser M, Klutstein M, Desai MM, Walunjkar N, Yin N, Aharon Hefetz N, Jakimo N, Snitser O, Adini O, Kumar P, Soo Hoo Smith R, Zeidan R, Hazan R, Rak R, Kishony R, Johnson S, Nouriel S, Vonesch SC, Foster S, Dagan T, Wein T, Karydis T, Wannier TM, Stiles T, Olin-Sandoval V, Mueller WF, Bar-On YM, Dahan O, Pilpel Y. Evolthon: A community endeavor to evolve lab evolution. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000182. [PMID: 30925180 PMCID: PMC6440615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In experimental evolution, scientists evolve organisms in the lab, typically by challenging them to new environmental conditions. How best to evolve a desired trait? Should the challenge be applied abruptly, gradually, periodically, sporadically? Should one apply chemical mutagenesis, and do strains with high innate mutation rate evolve faster? What are ideal population sizes of evolving populations? There are endless strategies, beyond those that can be exposed by individual labs. We therefore arranged a community challenge, Evolthon, in which students and scientists from different labs were asked to evolve Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae for an abiotic stress—low temperature. About 30 participants from around the world explored diverse environmental and genetic regimes of evolution. After a period of evolution in each lab, all strains of each species were competed with one another. In yeast, the most successful strategies were those that used mating, underscoring the importance of sex in evolution. In bacteria, the fittest strain used a strategy based on exploration of different mutation rates. Different strategies displayed variable levels of performance and stability across additional challenges and conditions. This study therefore uncovers principles of effective experimental evolutionary regimens and might prove useful also for biotechnological developments of new strains and for understanding natural strategies in evolutionary arms races between species. Evolthon constitutes a model for community-based scientific exploration that encourages creativity and cooperation. This Community Page article describes Evolthon; a first-of-its-kind community-based effort, involving about 30 participant labs around the world, aiming to explore the best strategy for evolving microorganisms to cope with an environmental challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dvir Schirman
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ghil Jona
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aaron N. Brooks
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aditya M. Kunjapur
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alex N. Nguyen Ba
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alice Flint
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andras Solt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Mershin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Bits and Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Atray Dixit
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Avihu H. Yona
- Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bálint Csörgő
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bede Phillip Busby
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Bianca P. Hennig
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Csaba Pál
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Daniel Schraivogel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schultz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - David G. Wernick
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Deepa Agashe
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Dikla Levi
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dmitry Zabezhinsky
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dor Russ
- Faculty of Biology, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ehud Sass
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Einat Tamar
- Faculty of Biology, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elad Herz
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Emmanuel D. Levy
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - George M. Church
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Idan Yelin
- Faculty of Biology, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Iftach Nachman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jeffrey E. Gerst
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Joseph M. Georgeson
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Lars M. Steinmetz
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Marc Rübsam
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The Molecular Biology of Metabolism laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, Charitè University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Klutstein
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael M. Desai
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Ning Yin
- Faculty of Biology, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noa Aharon Hefetz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noah Jakimo
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Bits and Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Olga Snitser
- Faculty of Biology, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Omri Adini
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Soo Hoo Smith
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Bits and Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Razi Zeidan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronen Hazan
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Roni Rak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roy Kishony
- Faculty of Biology, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Faculty of Computer Science, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shannon Johnson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Bits and Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard University Extension School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shira Nouriel
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sibylle C. Vonesch
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simmie Foster
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tal Dagan
- Institute of Microbiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tanita Wein
- Institute of Microbiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thrasyvoulos Karydis
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Bits and Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Timothy M. Wannier
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Timothy Stiles
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Bits and Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- BosLab, Somerville, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Viridiana Olin-Sandoval
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - William F. Mueller
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yinon M. Bar-On
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Orna Dahan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yitzhak Pilpel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- * E-mail:
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5
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Watson E, Olin-Sandoval V, Hoy MJ, Li CH, Louisse T, Yao V, Mori A, Holdorf AD, Troyanskaya OG, Ralser M, Walhout AJ. Metabolic network rewiring of propionate flux compensates vitamin B12 deficiency in C. elegans. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27383050 PMCID: PMC4951191 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic network rewiring is the rerouting of metabolism through the use of alternate enzymes to adjust pathway flux and accomplish specific anabolic or catabolic objectives. Here, we report the first characterization of two parallel pathways for the breakdown of the short chain fatty acid propionate in Caenorhabditis elegans. Using genetic interaction mapping, gene co-expression analysis, pathway intermediate quantification and carbon tracing, we uncover a vitamin B12-independent propionate breakdown shunt that is transcriptionally activated on vitamin B12 deficient diets, or under genetic conditions mimicking the human diseases propionic- and methylmalonic acidemia, in which the canonical B12-dependent propionate breakdown pathway is blocked. Our study presents the first example of transcriptional vitamin-directed metabolic network rewiring to promote survival under vitamin deficiency. The ability to reroute propionate breakdown according to B12 availability may provide C. elegans with metabolic plasticity and thus a selective advantage on different diets in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Watson
- Program in Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | | | - Michael J Hoy
- Program in Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Chi-Hua Li
- Program in Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Timo Louisse
- Program in Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Victoria Yao
- Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, United States.,Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, United States
| | - Akihiro Mori
- Program in Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Amy D Holdorf
- Program in Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Olga G Troyanskaya
- Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, United States.,Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, United States.,Simons Center for Data Analysis, Simons Foundation, New York, United States
| | - Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, London, United Kingdom
| | - Albertha Jm Walhout
- Program in Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
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6
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González-Chávez Z, Olin-Sandoval V, Rodíguez-Zavala JS, Moreno-Sánchez R, Saavedra E. Metabolic control analysis of the Trypanosoma cruzi peroxide detoxification pathway identifies tryparedoxin as a suitable drug target. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:263-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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7
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Stincone A, Prigione A, Cramer T, Wamelink MMC, Campbell K, Cheung E, Olin-Sandoval V, Grüning NM, Krüger A, Tauqeer Alam M, Keller MA, Breitenbach M, Brindle KM, Rabinowitz JD, Ralser M. The return of metabolism: biochemistry and physiology of the pentose phosphate pathway. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2014; 90:927-63. [PMID: 25243985 PMCID: PMC4470864 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 758] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a fundamental component of cellular metabolism. The PPP is important to maintain carbon homoeostasis, to provide precursors for nucleotide and amino acid biosynthesis, to provide reducing molecules for anabolism, and to defeat oxidative stress. The PPP shares reactions with the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and Calvin cycle and divides into an oxidative and non-oxidative branch. The oxidative branch is highly active in most eukaryotes and converts glucose 6-phosphate into carbon dioxide, ribulose 5-phosphate and NADPH. The latter function is critical to maintain redox balance under stress situations, when cells proliferate rapidly, in ageing, and for the ‘Warburg effect’ of cancer cells. The non-oxidative branch instead is virtually ubiquitous, and metabolizes the glycolytic intermediates fructose 6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as well as sedoheptulose sugars, yielding ribose 5-phosphate for the synthesis of nucleic acids and sugar phosphate precursors for the synthesis of amino acids. Whereas the oxidative PPP is considered unidirectional, the non-oxidative branch can supply glycolysis with intermediates derived from ribose 5-phosphate and vice versa, depending on the biochemical demand. These functions require dynamic regulation of the PPP pathway that is achieved through hierarchical interactions between transcriptome, proteome and metabolome. Consequently, the biochemistry and regulation of this pathway, while still unresolved in many cases, are archetypal for the dynamics of the metabolic network of the cell. In this comprehensive article we review seminal work that led to the discovery and description of the pathway that date back now for 80 years, and address recent results about genetic and metabolic mechanisms that regulate its activity. These biochemical principles are discussed in the context of PPP deficiencies causing metabolic disease and the role of this pathway in biotechnology, bacterial and parasite infections, neurons, stem cell potency and cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stincone
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K.,Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Alessandro Prigione
- Max Delbrueck Centre for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13092 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Cramer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum (MKFZ), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mirjam M C Wamelink
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam, De Boelelaaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kate Campbell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K.,Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Eric Cheung
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, U.K
| | - Viridiana Olin-Sandoval
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K.,Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Nana-Maria Grüning
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K.,Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Antje Krüger
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohammad Tauqeer Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K.,Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Markus A Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K.,Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Michael Breitenbach
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K.,Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute (CRI), Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, U.K
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, 08544 NJ, U.S.A
| | - Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K.,Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K.,Division of Physiology and Metabolism, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7, U.K
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García-García JD, Olin-Sandoval V, Saavedra E, Girard L, Hernández G, Moreno-Sánchez R. Sulfate uptake in photosynthetic Euglena gracilis. Mechanisms of regulation and contribution to cysteine homeostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:1567-75. [PMID: 22609877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfate uptake was analyzed in photosynthetic Euglena gracilis grown in sulfate sufficient or sulfate deficient media, or under Cd(2+) exposure or Cys overload, to determine its regulatory mechanisms and contribution to Cys homeostasis. RESULTS In control and sulfate deficient or Cd(2+)-stressed cells, one high affinity and two low affinity sulfate transporters were revealed, which were partially inhibited by photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors and ionophores, as well as by chromate and molybdate; H(+) efflux also diminished in presence of sulfate. In both sulfate deficient and Cd(2+)-exposed cells, the activity of the sulfate transporters was significantly increased. However, the content of thiol-metabolites was lower in sulfate-deficient cells, and higher in Cd(2+)-exposed cells, in comparison to control cells. In cells incubated with external Cys, sulfate uptake was strongly inhibited correlating with 5-times increased intracellular Cys. Re-supply of sulfate to sulfate deficient cells increased the Cys, γ-glutamylcysteine and GSH pools, and to Cys-overloaded cells resulted in the consumption of previously accumulated Cys. In contrast, in Cd(2+) exposed cells none of the already elevated thiol-metabolites changed. CONCLUSIONS (i) Sulfate transport is an energy-dependent process; (ii) sulfate transporters are over-expressed under sulfate deficiency or Cd(2+) stress and their activity can be inhibited by high internal Cys; and (iii) sulfate uptake exerts homeostatic control of the Cys pool.
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Olin-Sandoval V, González-Chávez Z, Berzunza-Cruz M, Martínez I, Jasso-Chávez R, Becker I, Espinoza B, Moreno-Sánchez R, Saavedra E. Drug target validation of the trypanothione pathway enzymes through metabolic modelling. FEBS J 2012; 279:1811-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2012.08557.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Olin-Sandoval V, Moreno-Sánchez R, Saavedra E. Targeting trypanothione metabolism in trypanosomatid human parasites. Curr Drug Targets 2011; 11:1614-30. [PMID: 20735352 DOI: 10.2174/1389450111009011614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The diseases caused by the trypanosomatid parasites Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania are widely distributed throughout the world. Because of the toxic side-effects and the economically unviable cost of the currently used pharmaceutical treatments, the search for new drug targets continues. Since the antioxidant metabolism in these parasites relies on trypanothione [T(SH)(2)], a functional analog of glutathione, most of the pathway enzymes involved in its synthesis, utilization and reduction have been proposed as drug targets for therapeutic intervention. In the present review, the antioxidant metabolism and the phenotypic effects of inhibiting by genetic (RNA interference, knock-out) or chemical approaches, the T(SH)(2) and polyamine pathway enzymes in the parasites are analyzed. Although the genetic strategies are helpful in identifying essential genes for parasite survival/infectivity, they are less useful for drug-target validation. The effectiveness of targeting each pathway enzyme was evaluated by considering (i) the enzyme kinetic properties and antioxidant metabolite concentrations and (ii) the current knowledge and experimental approaches to the study of the control of fluxes and intermediary concentrations in metabolic pathways. The metabolic control analysis indicates that highly potent and specific inhibitors have to be designed for trypanothione reductase and the peroxide detoxification system, and hence other enzymes emerge (γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, trypanothione synthetase, ornithine decarboxylase, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase and polyamine transporters) as alternative more suitable and effective drug targets in the antioxidant metabolism of trypanosomatids.
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