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Pereira-Manfro WF, Lima GRD, Nogueira Neto JF, Portugal MRC, Milagres LG, Bezerra FF, Faerstein E, Koury JC. Association between visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio and plasma inflammatory markers and score for cardiovascular risk prediction in a Brazilian cohort: Pró-Saúde Study. Braz J Med Biol Res 2021; 54:e11521. [PMID: 34730680 PMCID: PMC8555454 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with various metabolic disorders, and adipokines, secreted by adipose tissue, are involved in their pathogenesis. This study investigated associations between VAT/subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) ratio, inflammatory markers, and cardiovascular (CV) risk-score in adults. Plasma levels of adipokines, plasma lipid profile, blood pressure, and body composition (using dual-emission x-ray absorptiometry) were determined. CV risk-score based on the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) score was calculated in a sample of 309 Brazilian civil servants aged <60 years. Participants' VAT/SAT ratio were categorized into quartiles. Among males, plasma leptin (2.8 ng/mL) and C reactive protein (CRP) (0.2 mg/dL) (P<0.05) levels were higher at P75 and P50 than P5, and the highest calculated CV risk-score was observed at P75 (7.1%). Among females, higher plasma adiponectin levels were observed at P25 (54.3 ng/mL) compared with P75 (36 ng/mL) (P<0.05). Higher plasma CRP levels were observed at P75 (0.4 mg/dL) compared with P5 (0.1 mg/dL) (P<0.05). Higher CV risk-score was observed at P75 (2.0%) compared with P5 (0.7%). In both sexes, VAT and VAT/SAT ratio were directly associated with plasma leptin, CRP, and CV risk-score, and inversely associated with adiponectin; SAT was directly associated with plasma leptin and CRP (P<0.01); interleukin (IL)-10 and CRP were directly associated with adiponectin and leptin, respectively (P<0.05). Among men only, IL-10 (inversely) and CRP (directly) were associated with CV risk-score (P=0.02). Our results strengthened the relevance of the VAT/SAT ratio in cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Pereira-Manfro
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - G R de Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - J F Nogueira Neto
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - M R C Portugal
- Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Departamento de Nutrição, Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda - UniFOA, Volta Redonda, RJ, Brasil
| | - L G Milagres
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - F F Bezerra
- Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - E Faerstein
- Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - J C Koury
- Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Silva GP, Santos RS, Pereira-Manfro WF, Ferreira B, Barreto DM, Frota ACC, Hofer CB, Milagres LG. A cross-reacting material CRM 197 conjugate vaccine induces diphtheria toxin neutralizing antibody response in children and adolescents infected or not with HIV. Vaccine 2017; 35:3803-3807. [PMID: 28599793 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Anti-diphtheria antibody levels decrease with aging, and frequent booster vaccinations are required to maintain herd immunity. We analyzed the diphtheria toxin neutralizing antibody (DT-Nab) response induced by a conjugate vaccine (meningococcal C polysaccharide-CRM197) in HIV-vertically infected (HI) children and adolescents and healthy controls (HC) with matched age. We report the association of DT-Nab with the bactericidal antibodies to serogroup C meningococcus (MenC). Before vaccination, 21 HI patients (50%) had no protection against diphtheria (≤0.01IU/ml of antibody) and only 8 (19%) showed complete protection (≥0.1IU/ml). About half of the HC (56%) had complete protection before immunization and 6 subjects (12%) had no protection against diphtheria. After one and two vaccine injections, 96% of HC and 64% of HI vaccinees, respectively, showed full protection against diphtheria. These data indicate that CRM197 was able to induce primary and/or booster response in both groups of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle P Silva
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafaela S Santos
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wânia F Pereira-Manfro
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bianca Ferreira
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniella M Barreto
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Cristina B Hofer
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Preventive Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucimar G Milagres
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Milagres LG, Costa PR, Silva GP, Carvalho KI, Pereira-Manfro WF, Ferreira B, Barreto DM, Frota ACC, Hofer CB, Kallas EG. Subsets of memory CD4+ T cell and bactericidal antibody response to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C after immunization of HIV-infected children and adolescents. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115887. [PMID: 25532028 PMCID: PMC4274125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningococcal disease is endemic in Brazil, with periodic outbreaks and case fatality rates reach as high as 18 to 20% of cases. Conjugate vaccines against meningococci are immunogenic in healthy children. However, we have previously shown a poor bactericidal antibody response to a Men C conjugate vaccine in Brazilian HIV-infected children and adolescents after a single vaccine administration. The goal of the present work was to investigate associations between bactericidal antibody response induced by MenC vaccine and the frequency and activation profile (expression of CD38, HLA-DR and CCR5 molecules) of total CD4+ memory T cell sub-populations in HIV-1-infected children and adolescents. Responders to vaccination against MenC had a predominance (about 44%) of CD4+ TINTERMEDIATE subset followed by TTRANSITIONAL memory subset (23 to 26%). Importantly, CD4+ TINT frequency was positively associated with bactericidal antibody response induced by vaccination. The positive correlation persisted despite the observation that the frequency TINT CD38+HLA-DR+ was higher in responders. In contrast, CD4+ TCENTRAL MEMORY (TCM) subset negatively correlated with bactericidal antibodies. In conclusion, these data indicate that less differentiated CD+ T cells, like TCM may be constantly differentiating into intermediate and later differentiated CD4+ T cell subsets. These include CD4 TINT subset which showed a positive association with bactericidal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucimar G. Milagres
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Priscilla R. Costa
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giselle P. Silva
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Karina I. Carvalho
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wânia F. Pereira-Manfro
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bianca Ferreira
- Preventive Medicine Department, School of Medicine – Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniella M. Barreto
- Preventive Medicine Department, School of Medicine – Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina C. Frota
- Preventive Medicine Department, School of Medicine – Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristina B. Hofer
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira – Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Preventive Medicine Department, School of Medicine – Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Esper G. Kallas
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Pereira-Manfro WF, Ribeiro-Gomes FL, Filardy AA, Vellozo NS, Guillermo LVC, Silva EM, Siegel RM, Dosreis GA, Lopes MF. Inhibition of caspase-8 activity promotes protective Th1- and Th2-mediated immunity to Leishmania major infection. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 95:347-55. [PMID: 24072877 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0912463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated how apoptosis pathways mediated by death receptors and caspase-8 affect cytokine responses and immunity to Leishmania major parasites. Splenic CD4 T cells undergo activation-induced apoptosis, and blockade of FasL-Fas interaction increased IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokine responses to L. major antigens. To block death receptor-induced death, we used mice expressing a T cell-restricted transgene for vFLIP. Inhibition of caspase-8 activation in vFLIP mice enhanced Th1 and Th2 cytokine responses to L. major infection, even in the Th1-prone B6 background. We also observed increased NO production by splenocytes from vFLIP mice upon T cell activation. Despite an exacerbated Th2 response, vFLIP mice controlled better L. major infection, with reduced lesions and lower parasite loads compared with WT mice. Moreover, injection of anti-IL-4 mAb in infected vFLIP mice disrupted control of parasite infection. Therefore, blockade of caspase-8 activity in T cells improves immunity to L. major infection by promoting increased Th1 and Th2 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wânia F Pereira-Manfro
- 5.Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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