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Orem J, Martin M, Mbulaiteye SM, Mullighan CG, Mungall AJ, Mungall K, Namirembe C, Noy A, Petrello H, Ogwang MD, Martin J, Reynolds SJ, Swerdlow SH, Traverse‐Glehen A, Wilson WH, Marra MA, Staudt LM, Scott DW, Morin RD, Timothy G, Dryer M, Dreval K, Gerhard DS, Hilton LK, Abramson JS, Bartlett NL, Bethony J, Bowen J, Bryan A, Casper C, Thomas N, Gastier‐Foster JM, Grande BM, Griner NB, Gross TG, Harris NL, Irvin JD, Jaffe E, Leal F. KEY GENETIC AND MOLECULAR ABERRATIONS IDENTIFIED IN BOTH ADULT AND EBV‐POSITIVE BURKITT LYMPHOMA PATIENTS. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.68_2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Dreval K, Thomas N, Gerhard DS, Hilton LK, Wong J, Abramson JS, Bartlett NL, Bethony J, Bowen J, Bryan AC, Casper C, Dyer M, Gastier‐Foster JM, Grande BM, Greiner T, Griner NB, Gross TG, Harris NL, Irvin JD, Jaffe E, Leal F, Martin JP, Martin M, Mbulaiteye SM, Mullighan CG, Mungall AJ, Mungall K, Namirembe C, Noy A, Ogwang MD, Orem J, Petrello H, Reynolds SJ, Swerdlow SH, Traverse‐Glehen A, Wilson WH, Marra MA, Staudt LM, Scott DW, Morin RD. COPY NUMBER VARIATION ANALYSIS IDENTIFIES DISTINCT GENOMIC FEATURES IN ADULT BURKITT LYMPHOMA. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.67_2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ban TA, Wilson WH. Multicenter clinical trials: methodological aspects. Mod Probl Pharmacopsychiatry 2015; 16:9-20. [PMID: 7322136 DOI: 10.1159/000401352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Barta SK, Samuel MS, Xue X, Wang D, Lee JY, Mounier N, Ribera JM, Spina M, Tirelli U, Weiss R, Galicier L, Boue F, Little RF, Dunleavy K, Wilson WH, Wyen C, Remick SC, Kaplan LD, Ratner L, Noy A, Sparano JA. Changes in the influence of lymphoma- and HIV-specific factors on outcomes in AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:958-966. [PMID: 25632071 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We undertook the present analysis to examine the shifting influence of prognostic factors in HIV-positive patients diagnosed with aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) over the last two decades. PATIENTS AND METHODS We carried out a pooled analysis from an existing database of patients with AIDS-related lymphoma. Individual patient data had been obtained prior from prospective phase II or III clinical trials carried out between 1990 until 2010 in North America and Europe that studied chemo(immuno)therapy in HIV-positive patients diagnosed with AIDS-related lymphomas. Studies had been identified by a systematic review. We analyzed patient-level data for 1546 patients with AIDS-related lymphomas using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models to identify the association of patient-, lymphoma-, and HIV-specific variables with the outcomes complete response (CR), progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS) in different eras: pre-cART (1989-1995), early cART (1996-2000), recent cART (2001-2004), and contemporary cART era (2005-2010). RESULTS Outcomes for patients with AIDS-related diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma improved significantly over time, irrespective of baseline CD4 count or age-adjusted International Prognostic Index (IPI) risk category. Two-year OS was best in the contemporary era: 67% and 75% compared with 24% and 37% in the pre-cART era (P < 0.001). While the age-adjusted IPI was a significant predictor of outcome in all time periods, the influence of other factors waxed and waned. Individual HIV-related factors such as low CD4 counts (<50/mm(3)) and prior history of AIDS were no longer associated with poor outcomes in the contemporary era. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a significant improvement of CR rate and survival for all patients with AIDS-related lymphomas. Effective HIV-directed therapies reduce the impact of HIV-related prognostic factors on outcomes and allow curative antilymphoma therapy for the majority of patients with aggressive NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Barta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia.
| | - M S Samuel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx
| | - X Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx
| | - D Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, USA
| | - N Mounier
- Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte (GELA), France
| | - J-M Ribera
- ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Jose Carreras Research Institute and PETHEMA Group, Badalona, Spain
| | - M Spina
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - U Tirelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - R Weiss
- Private Practice for Hematology and Oncology, Bremen, Germany
| | - L Galicier
- Department of Immunology, Hopital St Louis, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris
| | - F Boue
- Department of Internal Medicine and Immunology, Hopital Antoine Beclere, Clamart, France
| | | | - K Dunleavy
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
| | - W H Wilson
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
| | - C Wyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S C Remick
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - L D Kaplan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - L Ratner
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis
| | - A Noy
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell, Lymphoma Service, New York, USA
| | - J A Sparano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx
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Grant C, Dunleavy K, Tweito M, Steinberg SM, Pittaluga S, Jaffe ES, Wiestner A, Wilson WH. Bortezomib plus DA-EPOCH-rituximab followed by bortezomib maintenance versus observation in previously untreated mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.8022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Wilson WH, Joint IR, Carr NG, Mann NH. Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Five Marine Cyanophages Propagated on Synechococcus sp. Strain WH7803. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 59:3736-43. [PMID: 16349088 PMCID: PMC182525 DOI: 10.1128/aem.59.11.3736-3743.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Five marine cyanophages propagated on Synechococcus sp. strain WH7803 were isolated from three different oceanographic provinces during the months of August and September 1992: coastal water from the Sargasso Sea, Bermuda; Woods Hole harbor, Woods Hole, Mass.; and coastal water from the English Channel, off Plymouth Sound, United Kingdom. The five cyanophage isolates were found to belong to two families, Myoviridae and Styloviridae, on the basis of their morphology observed in the transmission electron microscope. DNA purified from each of the cyanophage isolates was restricted with a selection of restriction endonucleases, and three distinguishably different patterns were observed. DNA isolated from Myoviridae isolates from Bermuda and the English Channel had highly related restriction patterns, as did DNA isolated from Styloviridae isolates from Bermuda and the English Channel. DNA isolated from the Myoviridae isolate from Woods Hole had a unique restriction pattern. The genome size for each of the Myoviridae isolates was ca. 80 to 85 kb, and it was ca. 90 to 100 kb for each of the Styloviridae isolates. Southern blotting analysis revealed that there was a limited degree of homology among all cyanophage DNAs probed, but clear differences were observed between cyanophage DNA from the Myoviridae and that from the Styloviridae isolates. Polypeptide analysis revealed a clear difference between Myoviridae and Styloviridae polypeptide profiles, although the major, presumably structural, protein in each case was ca. 53 to 54 kDa.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Wilson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, and Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom
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Salit RB, Fowler DH, Wilson WH, Pavletic SZ, Dunleavy K, Hakim F, Steinberg SM, Odom J, Bryant K, Bishop MR. EPOCH-FR: A novel salvage regimen for patients with lymphoid malignancies being considered for reduced-intensity allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.6536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Kreitman RJ, Tallman MS, Coutre SE, Robak T, Wilson WH, Stetler-Stevenson M, Noel P, FitzGerald DJ, McDevitt JT, Pastan I. Phase I trial of recombinant immunotoxin CAT-8015 (HA22) in multiply relapsed hairy cell leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.6523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Dunleavy K, Little RF, Wayne AS, Grant N, Pittaluga S, Jaffe ES, Steinberg S, Yarchoan R, Carrasquillo J, Janik J, Wilson WH. Good outcome of AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with abbreviated cycles of EPOCH-rituximab. Infect Agent Cancer 2009. [PMCID: PMC4261752 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-4-s2-o9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Mackinder LCM, Worthy CA, Biggi G, Hall M, Ryan KP, Varsani A, Harper GM, Wilson WH, Brownlee C, Schroeder DC. A unicellular algal virus, Emiliania huxleyi virus 86, exploits an animal-like infection strategy. J Gen Virol 2009; 90:2306-16. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.011635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Tay K, Shapiro G, Disinski M, Chirieac LR, Pittaluga S, Jaffe ES, Janik JE, Wiestner A, Wilson WH, Dunleavy K. Phase I/II study of a hybrid schedule of flavopiridol in relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.8563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8563 Background: Continuous infusion and bolus schedules of flavopiridol in MCL have yielded disappointing results. However, a pharmacologically derived hybrid schedule of administration is effective in refractory, genetically high-risk CLL, though life-threatening tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) may occur in patients with very high lymphocyte counts. Because flavopiridol decreases cyclin D1 and mcl-1 and induces apoptosis in MCL cells, is significantly toxic for cell lines derived from the activated B-cell-like type of DLBCL (OCI-Ly3) and down-regulates NF-kappa B, we investigated the hybrid schedule in MCL and DLBCL. Methods: Flavopiridol was administered as a 30-minute bolus (mg/m2) followed by a 4-hour continuous infusion (mg/m2), weekly for 4 doses every 6 weeks. Separate escalation rules applied to cycle 1 week 1 (C1W1) and all other weeks of treatment. Dose levels on C1W1 were DL1: 25/25 (4 pts); DL2: 30/30 (10 pts) and DL3: 30/50 (6 pts). Dose escalation on subsequent weeks was not possible due to toxicity and all pts received 30/50. All patients received TLS prophylaxis. Paired biopsy samples obtained before and after the first dose were analyzed for cdk targets. Results: Patient (n=20) characteristics: median age: 59 (r 24–80); male 15 (75%); median prior regimens 2 (r 1–6). 10 had MCL and 10 had DLBCL. Responses were PR in 2 (1 MCL; 1 DLBCL) pts (10%); SD in 5 (25%); and PD in 13 (65%). DLTs were TLS and severe vomiting/diarrhea in 2 pts at DL3. The MTD and phase II dose has not yet been defined. Other toxicities were grade 4 ANC (10 pts) requiring prophylactic G-CSF, TLS (1 pt) and bowel perforation (1 pt). Decreased Rb staining at the S807/811 phospho-site was noted in 8 of 9 paired samples analyzed (r 20–75%; p = 0.027) and at the S780 site in 7 of 8 paired samples (r 38–91%; p = 0.00016), suggestive of G1 cdk inhibition. In 1 sample in which p53 was detected, there was an increase post-treatment, suggestive of cdk9 inhibition. Conclusions: The hybrid schedule of flavopiridol has modest activity in relapsed MCL and DLBCL. TLS occurred infrequently and was reversible. DLTs were TLS and gastrointestinal toxicity. Accrual continues. Analysis of cell cycle and transcriptional cdk targets is ongoing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Tay
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - G. Shapiro
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - M. Disinski
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - L. R. Chirieac
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - S. Pittaluga
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - E. S. Jaffe
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - J. E. Janik
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - A. Wiestner
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - W. H. Wilson
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - K. Dunleavy
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
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Abstract
The family Phycodnaviridae encompasses a diverse and rapidly expanding collection of large icosahedral, dsDNA viruses that infect algae. These lytic and lysogenic viruses have genomes ranging from 160 to 560 kb. The family consists of six genera based initially on host range and supported by sequence comparisons. The family is monophyletic with branches for each genus, but the phycodnaviruses have evolutionary roots that connect them with several other families of large DNA viruses, referred to as the nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDV). The phycodnaviruses have diverse genome structures, some with large regions of noncoding sequence and others with regions of ssDNA. The genomes of members in three genera in the Phycodnaviridae have been sequenced. The genome analyses have revealed more than 1000 unique genes, with only 14 homologous genes in common among the three genera of phycodnaviruses sequenced to date. Thus, their gene diversity far exceeds the number of so-called core genes. Not much is known about the replication of these viruses, but the consequences of these infections on phytoplankton have global affects, including influencing geochemical cycling and weather patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Wilson
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 180 McKown Point, P.O. Box 475, West Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575-0475, USA.
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Lenz G, Wright G, Dave SS, Xiao W, Powell J, Zhao H, Xu W, Tan B, Goldschmidt N, Iqbal J, Vose J, Bast M, Fu K, Weisenburger DD, Greiner TC, Armitage JO, Kyle A, May L, Gascoyne RD, Connors JM, Troen G, Holte H, Kvaloy S, Dierickx D, Verhoef G, Delabie J, Smeland EB, Jares P, Martinez A, Lopez-Guillermo A, Montserrat E, Campo E, Braziel RM, Miller TP, Rimsza LM, Cook JR, Pohlman B, Sweetenham J, Tubbs RR, Fisher RI, Hartmann E, Rosenwald A, Ott G, Muller-Hermelink HK, Wrench D, Lister TA, Jaffe ES, Wilson WH, Chan WC, Staudt LM. Stromal gene signatures in large-B-cell lymphomas. N Engl J Med 2008; 359:2313-23. [PMID: 19038878 PMCID: PMC9103713 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa0802885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1316] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The addition of rituximab to combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP), or R-CHOP, has significantly improved the survival of patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. Whether gene-expression signatures correlate with survival after treatment of diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma is unclear. METHODS We profiled gene expression in pretreatment biopsy specimens from 181 patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma who received CHOP and 233 patients with this disease who received R-CHOP. A multivariate gene-expression-based survival-predictor model derived from a training group was tested in a validation group. RESULTS A multivariate model created from three gene-expression signatures--termed "germinal-center B-cell," "stromal-1," and "stromal-2"--predicted survival both in patients who received CHOP and patients who received R-CHOP. The prognostically favorable stromal-1 signature reflected extracellular-matrix deposition and histiocytic infiltration. By contrast, the prognostically unfavorable stromal-2 signature reflected tumor blood-vessel density. CONCLUSIONS Survival after treatment of diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma is influenced by differences in immune cells, fibrosis, and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
- Cyclophosphamide
- Disease Progression
- Doxorubicin
- Extracellular Matrix/genetics
- Gene Expression
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, MHC Class II
- Germinal Center
- Humans
- Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/mortality
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Middle Aged
- Multivariate Analysis
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Prednisone
- Prognosis
- Rituximab
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
- Stromal Cells/pathology
- Vincristine
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lenz
- Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Roberts A, Gandhi L, O'Connor OA, Rudin CM, Khaira D, Xiong H, Chiu Y, Greco R, Krivoshik AP, Wilson WH. Reduction in platelet counts as a mechanistic biomarker and guide for adaptive dose-escalation in phase I studies of the Bcl-2 family inhibitor ABT-263. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.3542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Pastan I, Wilson WH, Stetler-Stevenson M, Noel P, Fitzgerald DJ, Kreitman RJ. Early phase I results of recombinant immunotoxin HA22 in patients with B-cell leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.3039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Kreitman RJ, Wilson WH, Stetler-Stevenson M, Noel P, FitzGerald DJ, Pastan I. Pharmacokinetics of recombinant immunotoxin BL22 during phase II testing in chemo-resistant hairy cell leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cole DE, Balis FM, Grant N, White T, Dunleavy K, Janik JE, Whalen L, Goodspeed W, Wilson WH. Pharmacokinetics (pk) and tolerance of infusional vincristine (vcr) for aggressive lymphomas indicate dose reductions for excretory organ dysfunction are not necessary. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Wilson WH, Czuczman MS, LaCasce AS, Gerecitano JF, Leonard JP, Dunleavy K, Krivoshik AP, Xiong H, Chiu Y, O’Connor OA. A phase 1 study evaluating the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of ABT-263 in subjects with refractory or relapsed lymphoid malignancies. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.8511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Baskar S, Kwong KY, Hofer T, Levy JM, Kennedy MG, Lee E, Staudt LM, Wilson WH, Wiestner A, Rader C. Unique Cell Surface Expression of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ROR1 in Human B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:396-404. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-1823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kreitman RJ, Wilson WH, Stetler-Stevenson M, Noel P, FitzGerald DJ, Pastan I. Phase II trial of CAT-3888 (BL22) in chemo-resistant hairy cell leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.7095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7095 Background: CAT-3888 (BL22) is a recombinant anti-CD22 immunotoxin which showed phase I activity in chemo-resistant hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Methods: Eligible patients had relapsed HCL < 4-years after prior cladribine (CdA) and needed additional treatment based on blood counts. Patients were stratified into 2 groups by most recent CdA response of < 1 year or 1–4 years. A 3rd group was added for patients with uncontrolled infection. The study used a 2-stage design of 10 patients each for the first two strata with expansion to 17–30 if hematological remission (HR, i.e. ANC, platelets and Hgb at least 1.5, 100, and 11, respectively) was achieved in at least 3/10. The third strata allowed up to 5 patients. Patients received 40 ug/Kg every other day (QOD) ×3 on cycle 1. Those achieving HR were observed. Patients without a HR and no neutralizing antibodies were retreated at 30 ug/Kg QOD ×3 every 4 weeks beginning at least 8 weeks after cycle 1. Results: 35 patients were enrolled including 25, 9 and 1 in groups 1–3, respectively. CR (44% vs 48%) and overall response (ORR)(64% vs 89%) were similar in strata 1 and 2 with 16 (47%) CRs and 8 (24%) partial responses (PRs) overall. Response was particularly high in 22 with baseline spleen size < 200 mm (95% ORR; 59% CR, 36% PR) compared to patients with spleen height > 200 (ORR 20%, p = 0.001) or patients post-splenectomy (ORR 25%, p = 0.0003). The only serious toxicity was completely reversible grade 3 hemolytic uremic syndrome, not requiring plasmapheresis, in 1 (3%) patient on cycle 2. Neutralizing antibodies which prevented additional cycles were observed in 4 (11%) patients. Conclusions: The activity of CAT-3888 (BL22) in HCL is confirmed in this phase II trial. Toxicity may be limited by retreating only those who do not respond to 1 cycle. Optimal response to CAT-3888 (BL22) following CdA failure may be achieved before the occurrence of massive splenomegaly or splenectomy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - P. Noel
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - I. Pastan
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Dunleavy K, Healey Bird BR, Pittaluga S, Grant N, Shovlin M, Little R, Yarchoan R, Steinberg S, Jaffe ES, Janik J, Wilson WH. Efficacy and toxicity of dose-adjusted EPOCH-rituximab in adults with newly diagnosed Burkitt lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.8035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8035 Background: Burkitt Lymphoma (BL) is a rare and highly aggressive lymphoma, characterized by a high tumor proliferation rate. While the standard therapy of BL is highly effective, it involves intensive, multi-agent chemotherapy that is associated with considerable treatment-related toxicity and mortality, especially in older patients. We hypothesized that the regimen DA-EPOCH may be effective in BL, based on the observation that it overcomes the adverse effect of high proliferation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Methods: We investigated DA-EPOCH-rituximab (R) in untreated BL in an attempt to maintain the high cure rates of standard therapy with minimal treatment related toxicity. Eligible patients had a diagnosis of untreated BL and could be HIV negative or positive with HIV negative patients (n=13) receiving 6 cycles of DA-EPOCH-R as previously described (Blood 99: 2685, 2002) and HIV positive (n=6) patients receiving 3–6 cycles of DA- EPOCH-R for 1 cycle beyond CR for a minimum of 3 cycles. All patients received intrathecal methotrexate prophylaxis and outpatient therapy where possible. Results: The characteristics of 19 enrolled patients are: median age (range) 29 (18–66) and ECOG PS 1(1–3); stage III/IV 10 (53%); LDH > N 11 (61%); male sex 15 (79%); extranodal sites 13 (68%) and ileocecal disease 13 (68%). No patients so far had CNS involvement at diagnosis. Response is CR/CRu in 100% of patients with one patient receiving consolidative radiotherapy to a site of residual disease. OS and PFS are both 100% and EFS 93.3% at a median potential follow-up time of 29 months. Toxicities were fever/neutropenia in 16%, grade 4 neutropenia in 47% and grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia in 22% of cycles. There was one case of tumor lysis syndrome and no treatment related deaths. Conclusions: DA-EPOCH-R is highly effective in BL. It appears to be associated with much lower toxicity compared to standard high-dose regimens and may significantly advance the therapeutic index of BL treatment. Accrual continues. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Sharma K, Wilson WH, Dunleavy K, Shovlin PM, Chen HX, Janik JE, Gea-Banacloche J. BK viral infections in patients treated with alemtuzumab. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3033 Background: Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against CD52 resulting in profound, prolonged T-cell depletion that may be associated with opportunistic infections and reactivation of latent viruses (e.g., CMV). BK virus is a polyomavirus that infects most humans during childhood and remains latent in the urinary tract. Reactivation of BK virus is an important cause of tubular nephropathy following renal transplantation and hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic stem cell transplant. Methods: A single institution pilot trial of alemtuzumab and Dose-Adjusted (D-A) Etoposide, Prednisone, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Cyclophosphamide (EPOCH) investigating efficacy and toxicity in chemotherapy naïve aggressive T- and NK-cell lymphomas was undertaken. BK virus was detected in urine by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods to quantify genomic copies in pts with dysuria and hemorrhagic cystitis. Results: Four of 20 pts treated with alemtuzumab and DA-EPOCH developed five episodes of hemorrhagic cystitis. One had grade 1 and 2 cystitis, two had grade 2 cystitis and one had grade 3 cystitis. In contrast, only one of over 200 pts treated with EPOCH alone or in combination with rituximab developed hemorrhagic cystitis. Hemorrhagic cystitis occurred at a median of 88 days after initiation of therapy and lasted a median of 22 days. Even if considered an unlikely cause, steps to minimize cyclophosphamide toxicity were taken; in one, mesna was given during the fifth cycle and cyclophosphamide was withheld from the final cycle of therapy. Another received a reduced dose of cyclophosphamide during the final cycle of therapy and the third did not receive the final cycle of therapy altogether. The fourth pt developed hemorrhagic cystitis after completion of therapy. PCR for BK virus showed a median of 8.87 x 108 (range 2.3 x 105-8.7 x 109) genomic copies per ml. Conclusions: Hemorrhagic cystitis secondary to BK virus reactivation may occur following Alemtuzumab therapy. Symptoms tend to abate after 1 to 7 weeks with conservative measures alone. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Sharma
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanisms mediating hypercortisolemia in depression remain controversial. Adopting the biomarker strategy, we studied adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol dynamics in hypercortisolemic and non-hypercortisolemic depressed in-patients, and in normal volunteers. METHOD Deconvolution analysis of 24-h pulsatile secretion, approximate entropy (ApEn) estimation of secretory regularity, cross-ApEn quantitation of forward and reverse ACTH-cortisol synchrony, and cosine regression of 24-h rhythmicity. RESULTS Hypercortisolemia was strongly associated with melancholic and psychotic depressive subtypes. Hypercortisolemic patients had elevated ACTH and cortisol secretion, mediated chiefly by increased burst masses. Basal ACTH secretion was increased, ACTH half-life was reduced, and mean 24-h ACTH concentration was normal. Cortisol secretion was increased in a highly irregular pattern (high ApEn), with high ACTH --> cortisol cross-ApEn (impaired feedforward coupling). Cortisol-mediated feedback on the secretory pattern of ACTH was normal. Hypercortisolemic depressed patients had normal programming of the central hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis pulse generator: ACTH pulse frequency, cortisol pulse frequency, circadian acrophases, and ApEn of ACTH secretion were normal. Responsiveness of the adrenal cortex to endogenous ACTH was normal. Non-hypercortisolemic patients resembled hypercortisolemic patients on ACTH regulatory parameters but had low total cortisol secretion. CONCLUSION Increased ACTH secretion occurs in depressed in-patients regardless of cortisolemic status, confirming central HPA axis overdrive in severe depression. Depressive hypercortisolemia results from an additional change in the adrenal cortex that causes ACTH-independent, disorderly basal cortisol release, a sign of physiological stress in melancholic/psychotic depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Carroll
- Pacific Behavioral Research Foundation, Carmel, CA, USA.
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Hammouda M, Wilson WH. Reflex acceleration of respiration arising from excitation of the vagus or its terminations in the lungs. J Physiol 2007; 94:497-524. [PMID: 16995060 PMCID: PMC1393883 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1939.sp003696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Ise T, Nagata S, Kreitman RJ, Wilson WH, Wayne AS, Stetler-Stevenson M, Bishop MR, Scheinberg DA, Rassenti L, Kipps TJ, Kyle RA, Jelinek DF, Pastan I. Elevation of soluble CD307 (IRTA2/FcRH5) protein in the blood and expression on malignant cells of patients with multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and mantle cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2006; 21:169-74. [PMID: 17051241 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CD307 is a differentiation antigen expressed in B-lineage cells. One soluble and two membrane-bound forms have been predicted and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for soluble CD307 established. Our goal was to determine if CD307 is expressed on the surface of cells from patients with multiple myeloma (MM), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and other B-cell malignancies and if soluble CD307 levels are elevated in the blood of patients with these B-cell malignancies. Cells and blood were collected from patients. Expression of CD307 was measured by flow cytometry and blood levels of soluble CD307 by ELISA. High soluble CD307 levels were detected in 21/43 (49%) of patients with MM, 36/46 (78%) with CLL and 9/24 (38%) with MCL. Soluble CD307 levels correlated with plasma cell percentages in bone marrow aspirates in MM and total white blood cells in CLL. CD307 on the cell membrane was detected by flow cytometry in 8/8 MM, 23/29 CLL and 4/5 MCL samples. Because CD307 is present on malignant cells from patients with MM, CLL and MCL, CD307 may be a useful therapeutic target for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ise
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Wilson
- The Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo
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Davy SK, Burchett SG, Dale AL, Davies P, Davy JE, Muncke C, Hoegh-Guldberg O, Wilson WH. Viruses: agents of coral disease? Dis Aquat Organ 2006; 69:101-10. [PMID: 16703772 DOI: 10.3354/dao069101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The potential role of viruses in coral disease has only recently begun to receive attention. Here we describe our attempts to determine whether viruses are present in thermally stressed corals Pavona danai, Acropora formosa and Stylophora pistillata and zoanthids Zoanthus sp., and their zooxanthellae. Heat-shocked P. danai, A. formosa and Zoanthus sp. all produced numerous virus-like particles (VLPs) that were evident in the animal tissue, zooxanthellae and the surrounding seawater; VLPs were also seen around heat-shocked freshly isolated zooxanthellae (FIZ) from P. danai and S. pistillata. The most commonly seen VLPs were tail-less, hexagonal and about 40 to 50 nm in diameter, though a diverse range of other VLP morphotypes (e.g. rounded, rod-shaped, droplet-shaped, filamentous) were also present around corals. When VLPs around heat-shocked FIZ from S. pistillata were added to non-stressed FIZ from this coral, they resulted in cell lysis, suggesting that an infectious agent was present; however, analysis with transmission electron microscopy provided no clear evidence of viral infection. The release of diverse VLPs was again apparent when flow cytometry was used to enumerate release by heat-stressed A. formosa nubbins. Our data support the infection of reef corals by viruses, though we cannot yet determine the precise origin (i.e. coral, zooxanthellae and/or surface microbes) of the VLPs seen. Furthermore, genome sequence data are required to establish the presence of viruses unequivocally.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Davy
- Marine Biological Association of the UK, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK.
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Allen MJ, Schroeder DC, Wilson WH. Preliminary characterisation of repeat families in the genome of EhV-86, a giant algal virus that infects the marine microalga Emiliania huxleyi. Arch Virol 2005; 151:525-35. [PMID: 16195784 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-005-0647-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2005] [Accepted: 08/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
EhV-86 is a large double stranded DNA virus with a 407,339 base pair circular genome that infects the globally important microalga Emiliania huxleyi. It belongs to a new genus of viruses termed the Coccolithoviridae within the algal virus family Phycodnaviridae. By plotting the EhV-86 genome against itself in a dot-plot analysis we revealed three families of distinctly different repeat sequences throughout its genome, designated Family A, B and C. Family A repeats are non-coding, found immediately upstream of 86 predicted coding sequences (CDSs) and are likely to play a crucial role in controlling the expression of the associated CDSs. Family B repeats are GC rich, coding and correspond to possible calcium binding sites in 22 proline-rich domains found in the protein products of eight predicted EhV-86 CDSs. Family C repeats are AT-rich, non-coding and are likely to form part of the origin of replication. We suggest that these repeat regions are of fundamental importance during virus propagation being involved with transcriptional control (Family A), virus adsorption/release (Family B) and DNA replication (Family C).
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Allen
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, UK
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Cole DE, Balis FM, Lowe ES, Grant ND, White T, Dunleavy K, Janik J, Xiao S, Goodspeed WJ, Wilson WH. Pharmacokinetics (pk) and tolerance of doxorubicin (dox) and etoposide (etop) during treatment of aggressive B-cell lymphomas indicate doses need not be routinely reduced for hepatic dysfunction. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.6573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - T. White
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - J. Janik
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - S. Xiao
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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Dunleavy K, White T, Grant N, Shovlin M, Stetler-Stevenson M, Pittaluga S, Jaffe ES, Marti G, Janik J, Wilson WH. Phase 1 study of combination rituximab with apolizumab in relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.6607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Dunleavy
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Food and Drug Admin, Bethesda, MD
| | - T. White
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Food and Drug Admin, Bethesda, MD
| | - N. Grant
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Food and Drug Admin, Bethesda, MD
| | - M. Shovlin
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Food and Drug Admin, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - S. Pittaluga
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Food and Drug Admin, Bethesda, MD
| | - E. S. Jaffe
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Food and Drug Admin, Bethesda, MD
| | - G. Marti
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Food and Drug Admin, Bethesda, MD
| | - J. Janik
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Food and Drug Admin, Bethesda, MD
| | - W. H. Wilson
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Food and Drug Admin, Bethesda, MD
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Wilson WH, Porcu P, Hurd D, Martin SE, Czuczman M, Niedzwiecki D, Saint Louis JD, Johnson JL, Cheson B, Canellos GP, Zelenetz AD. Phase II study of dose-adjusted EPOCH-R in untreated de novo CD20+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)-CALGB 50103. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.6530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W. H. Wilson
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - P. Porcu
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - D. Hurd
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - S. E. Martin
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - M. Czuczman
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - D. Niedzwiecki
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - J. D. Saint Louis
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - J. L. Johnson
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - B. Cheson
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - G. P. Canellos
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - A. D. Zelenetz
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH; Wake Forest Univ, Winston-Salem, NC; Helen F. Graham Cancer Ctr, CCHS, Newark, DE; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst, Boston, MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
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Kreitman RJ, Wilson WH, Stetler-Stevenson M, Noel P, Pastan I. Long term follow-up of BL22 in cladribine-resistant hairy cell leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.6624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - P. Noel
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - I. Pastan
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Dunleavy KM, Butrynski J, Steinberg S, Grant N, White T, Jaffe ES, Wilson WH. Phase II study of EPOCH infusional chemotherapy in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). A report on toxicity, efficacy and prognostic indicators of outcome. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.6598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - N. Grant
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - T. White
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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Schroeder DC, Oke J, Malin G, Wilson WH. Coccolithovirus (Phycodnaviridae): characterisation of a new large dsDNA algal virus that infects Emiliana huxleyi. Arch Virol 2002; 147:1685-98. [PMID: 12209309 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-002-0841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Emiliania huxleyi-specific viruses ( EhV) were isolated from E. huxleyi blooms off the coast of Plymouth, UK, in July 1999 and July/August 2001, and from an E. huxleyi bloom induced during a mesocosm experiment in a fjord off Bergen, Norway, during June 2000. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that all 10 virus isolates are 170-200 nm in diameter with an icosahedral symmetry. Their density is approximately 1.2 in CsCl gradients and they have large double stranded DNA genomes approximately 410 kb in size. Phylogenetic analysis of the DNA polymerase genes of these viruses suggests that EhV belongs to a new genus within the family of algal viruses, Phycodnaviridae. We propose to name this new virus genus Coccolithovirus. Differences within members of the Coccolithovirus were elucidated by host range analysis of the virus isolates and sequence analysis of a gene fragment encoding part of their putative major capsid protein. All 10 virus isolates within this new genus only infected E. huxleyi strains that have previously been shown to exhibit low dimethylsulphoniopropionate lyase (DMSP-lyase) activity (CCMP1516, CCMP374 and L), while E. huxleyi strains with high DMSP-lyase activity (CCMP373 and CCMP379) were resistant to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Schroeder
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth, UK
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Hall MJ, Wharam SD, Weston A, Cardy DLN, Wilson WH. Use of signal-mediated amplification of RNA technology (SMART) to detect marine cyanophage DNA. Biotechniques 2002; 32:604-6, 608-11. [PMID: 11926174 DOI: 10.2144/02323rr02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe the application of an isothermal nucleic acid amplification assay, signal-mediated amplification of RNA technology (SMART), to detect DNA extracted from marine cyanophages known to infect unicellular cyanobacteria from the genus Synechococcus. The SMART assay is based on the target-dependent production of multiple copies of an RNA signal, which is measured by an enzyme-linked oligosorbent assay. SMART was able to detect both synthetic oligonucleotide targets and genomic cyanophage DNA using probes designed against the portal vertex gene (g20). Specific signals were obtained for each cyanophage strain (S-PM2 and S-BnMI). Nonspecific genomic DNA did not produce false signals or inhibit the detection of a specific target. In addition, we found that extensive purification of target DNA may not be required since signals were obtained from crude cyanophage lysates. This is the first report of the SMART assay being used to discriminate between two similar target sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Hall
- Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, Devon, UK
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Rosenwald A, Alizadeh AA, Widhopf G, Simon R, Davis RE, Yu X, Yang L, Pickeral OK, Rassenti LZ, Powell J, Botstein D, Byrd JC, Grever MR, Cheson BD, Chiorazzi N, Wilson WH, Kipps TJ, Brown PO, Staudt LM. Relation of gene expression phenotype to immunoglobulin mutation genotype in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Exp Med 2001; 194:1639-47. [PMID: 11733578 PMCID: PMC2193523 DOI: 10.1084/jem.194.11.1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 846] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common human leukemia is B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a malignancy of mature B cells with a characteristic clinical presentation but a variable clinical course. The rearranged immunoglobulin (Ig) genes of CLL cells may be either germ-line in sequence or somatically mutated. Lack of Ig mutations defined a distinctly worse prognostic group of CLL patients raising the possibility that CLL comprises two distinct diseases. Using genomic-scale gene expression profiling, we show that CLL is characterized by a common gene expression "signature," irrespective of Ig mutational status, suggesting that CLL cases share a common mechanism of transformation and/or cell of origin. Nonetheless, the expression of hundreds of other genes correlated with the Ig mutational status, including many genes that are modulated in expression during mitogenic B cell receptor signaling. These genes were used to build a CLL subtype predictor that may help in the clinical classification of patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rosenwald
- Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Piekarz RL, Robey R, Sandor V, Bakke S, Wilson WH, Dahmoush L, Kingma DM, Turner ML, Altemus R, Bates SE. Inhibitor of histone deacetylation, depsipeptide (FR901228), in the treatment of peripheral and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: a case report. Blood 2001; 98:2865-8. [PMID: 11675364 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v98.9.2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Depsipeptide, FR901228, has demonstrated potent in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic activity against murine and human tumor cell lines. In the laboratory, it has been shown to be a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. In a phase I trial of depsipeptide conducted at the National Cancer Institute, 3 patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma had a partial response, and 1 patient with peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified, had a complete response. Sézary cells isolated from patients after treatment had increased histone acetylation. These results suggest that inhibition of HDAC is a novel and potentially effective therapy for patients with T-cell lymphoma.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylation/drug effects
- Aged
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Depsipeptides
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
- Histones/blood
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/blood
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/blood
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Peptides, Cyclic
- Remission Induction
- Skin Neoplasms/blood
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Piekarz
- Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Wilson WH. The serum dash to Nome, 1925: the making of Alaskan heroes. Alaska J 2001; 16:250-9. [PMID: 11616478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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48
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Hambly E, Tétart F, Desplats C, Wilson WH, Krisch HM, Mann NH. A conserved genetic module that encodes the major virion components in both the coliphage T4 and the marine cyanophage S-PM2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:11411-6. [PMID: 11553768 PMCID: PMC58743 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.191174498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequence analysis of a 10-kb region of the genome of the marine cyanomyovirus S-PM2 reveals a homology to coliphage T4 that extends as a contiguous block from gene (g)18 to g23. The order of the S-PM2 genes in this region is similar to that of T4, but there are insertions and deletions of small ORFs of unknown function. In T4, g18 codes for the tail sheath, g19, the tail tube, g20, the head portal protein, g21, the prohead core protein, g22, a scaffolding protein, and g23, the major capsid protein. Thus, the entire module that determines the structural components of the phage head and contractile tail is conserved between T4 and this cyanophage. The significant differences in the morphology of these phages must reflect the considerable divergence of the amino acid sequence of their homologous virion proteins, which uniformly exceeds 50%. We suggest that their enormous diversity in the sea could be a result of genetic shuffling between disparate phages mediated by such commonly shared modules. These conserved sequences could facilitate genetic exchange by providing partially homologous substrates for recombination between otherwise divergent phage genomes. Such a mechanism would thus expand the pool of phage genes accessible by recombination to all those phages that share common modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hambly
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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49
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Beaty MW, Toro J, Sorbara L, Stern JB, Pittaluga S, Raffeld M, Wilson WH, Jaffe ES. Cutaneous lymphomatoid granulomatosis: correlation of clinical and biologic features. Am J Surg Pathol 2001; 25:1111-20. [PMID: 11688570 DOI: 10.1097/00000478-200109000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is a rare angiocentric and angiodestructive Epstein-Barr virus-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-BLPD), varying widely from an indolent process to an aggressive large cell lymphoma. The skin is the extrapulmonary organ most commonly involved in LYG. We studied 32 skin lesions from 20 patients with known pulmonary LYG, using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization for EBV, and polymerase chain reaction for the presence of antigen receptor gene rearrangements (IgH and TCR) to better define both the clinicopathologic spectrum and pathogenesis of the cutaneous lesions. We describe two distinct patterns of cutaneous involvement. Multiple erythematous dermal papules and/or subcutaneous nodules, with or without ulceration, were present in 17 patients (85%). These lesions demonstrate a marked angiocentric lymphohistiocytic infiltrate, composed predominantly of CD4-positive T-cells, with a high propensity for involving the subcutaneous tissues, and exhibiting angiodestruction, necrosis, and cytologic atypia. EBV-positive B-cells were detected in the nodules from five patients; clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IgH) rearrangements were detected by polymerase chain reaction in two patients. Multiple indurated, erythematous to white plaques were present in three patients (15%). The plaque lesions were negative for EBV and clonal IgH gene rearrangements in all cases studied. The clinical course of overall disease was variable, ranging from spontaneous regression without treatment (1 of 13; 7%), resolution with chemo/immunomodulatory therapy (8 of 13; 62%), and progression (4 of 13; 31%). The clinical and histopathologic features of cutaneous LYG are extremely diverse. However, the majority (85%) of the cutaneous lesions mirrors to some extent LYG in the lung, although EBV+ cells are less frequently identified. This subset of cases shows the histopathologic triad of angiodestruction with associated necrosis, panniculitis, and in some cases atypical lymphoid cells. The commonality of the histologic features in this group suggests a common pathophysiologic basis, possibly mediated by cytokines and chemokines induced by EBV. A small percentage of the lesions (15%) presented as indurated and atrophic plaques, and EBV was not identified in the small number of cases studied. The relationship of the plaque-like lesions to LYG remains uncertain. Whereas some cases of LYG regress spontaneously, most require therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Beaty
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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50
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Kreitman RJ, Wilson WH, Bergeron K, Raggio M, Stetler-Stevenson M, FitzGerald DJ, Pastan I. Efficacy of the anti-CD22 recombinant immunotoxin BL22 in chemotherapy-resistant hairy-cell leukemia. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:241-7. [PMID: 11474661 DOI: 10.1056/nejm200107263450402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hairy-cell leukemia that is resistant to treatment with purine analogues, including cladribine, has a poor prognosis. We tested the safety and efficacy of an immunotoxin directed against a surface antigen that is strongly expressed by leukemic hairy cells. METHODS RFB4(dsFv)-PE38 (BL22), a recombinant immunotoxin containing an anti-CD22 variable domain (Fv) fused to truncated pseudomonas exotoxin, was administered in a dose-escalation trial by intravenous infusion every other day for a total of three doses. RESULTS Of 16 patients who were resistant to cladribine, 11 had a complete remission and 2 had a partial remission with BL22. The three patients who did not have a response received low doses of BL22 or had preexisting toxin-neutralizing antibodies. Of the 11 patients in complete remission, 2 had minimal residual disease in the bone marrow or blood. During a median follow-up of 16 months (range, 10 to 23), 3 of the 11 patients who had a complete response relapsed and were retreated; all of these patients had a second complete remission. In 2 of the 16 patients, a serious but completely reversible hemolytic-uremic syndrome developed during the second cycle of treatment with BL22. Common toxic effects included transient hypoalbuminemia and elevated aminotransferase levels. CONCLUSIONS BL22 can induce complete remissions in patients with hairy-cell leukemia that is resistant to treatment with purine analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Kreitman
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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