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Traoré NE, Spruck C, Uihlein A, Pflug L, Peukert W. Targeted color design of silver-gold alloy nanoparticles. Nanoscale Adv 2024; 6:1392-1408. [PMID: 38419873 PMCID: PMC10898422 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00856h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This research article focuses on the targeted color design of silver-gold alloy nanoparticles (NPs), employing a multivariate optimization approach. NP synthesis involves interconnected process parameters, making independent variation challenging. Data-based property-process relationships are established to optimize optical properties effectively. We define a color target, employ a green chemical co-reduction method at room temperature and optimize process parameters accordingly. The CIEL*a*b* color space (Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage - International Commission on Illumination) and Euclidean distances facilitate accurate color matching to establish the property-process relationship. Concurrently, theoretical Mie calculations explore the structure-property relationship across particle sizes, concentrations, and molar gold contents. The theoretically optimal structure agrees very well with experimental particle structures at the property-process relationship's optimum. The data-driven property-process relationship provides valuable insights into the formation mechanism of a complex particle system, sheds light on the role of relevant process parameters and allows to evaluate the practically available property space. Model validation beyond the original grid demonstrates its robustness, yielding colors close to the target. Additionally, Design of Experiments (DoE) methods reduce experimental work by threefold with slight accuracy trade-offs. Our novel methodology for targeted color design demonstrates how data-based methods can be utilized alongside structure-property relationships to unravel property-process relationships in the design of complex nanoparticle systems and paves the way for future developments in targeted property design.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Traoré
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - C Spruck
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - A Uihlein
- Department of Mathematics, Chair of Applied Mathematics (Continuous Optimization), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 11 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - L Pflug
- FAU Competence Unit for Scientific Computing (FAU CSC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit, ä, t Erlangen-N, ü, rnberg Martensstraße 5a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
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2
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Traoré NE, Uttinger MJ, Cardenas Lopez P, Drobek D, Gromotka L, Schmidt J, Walter J, Apeleo Zubiri B, Spiecker E, Peukert W. Green room temperature synthesis of silver-gold alloy nanoparticles. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:1450-1464. [PMID: 36866254 PMCID: PMC9972530 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00793b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metallic alloy nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit interesting optical, electrical and catalytic properties, dependent on their size, shape and composition. In particular, silver-gold alloy NPs are widely applied as model systems to better understand the syntheses and formation (kinetics) of alloy NPs, as the two elements are fully miscible. Our study targets product design via environmentally friendly synthesis conditions. We use dextran as the reducing and stabilizing agent for the synthesis of homogeneous silver-gold alloy NPs at room temperature. Our approach is a one-pot, low temperature, reaction-controlled, green and scalable synthesis route of well-controlled composition and narrow particle size distribution. The composition over a broad range of molar gold contents is confirmed by scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDX) measurements and auxiliary inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy measurements (ICP-OES). The distributions of the resulting particles in size and composition are obtained from multi-wavelength analytical ultracentrifugation using the optical back coupling method and further confirmed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Finally, we provide insight into the reaction kinetics during the synthesis, discuss the reaction mechanism and demonstrate possibilities for scale-up by a factor of more than 250 by increasing the reactor volume and NP concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Traoré
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - M J Uttinger
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - P Cardenas Lopez
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - D Drobek
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN), Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - L Gromotka
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - J Schmidt
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - J Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - B Apeleo Zubiri
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN), Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - E Spiecker
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN), Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Cardenas Lopez P, Uttinger MJ, Traoré NE, Khan HA, Drobek D, Apeleo Zubiri B, Spiecker E, Pflug L, Peukert W, Walter J. Multidimensional characterization of noble metal alloy nanoparticles by multiwavelength analytical ultracentrifugation. Nanoscale 2022; 14:12928-12939. [PMID: 36043498 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02633c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we introduce a method for the simultaneous retrieval of two-dimensional size-composition distributions of noble metal Ag-Au alloy nanoparticles utilizing an analytical ultracentrifuge equipped with a multiwavelength extinction detector (MWL-AUC). MWL-AUC is used to measure coupled optical and sedimentation properties of the particles. The optical response of the nanoparticles is calculated using Mie's theory, where the particles' complex refractive index is corrected due to the effect of reduced mean free path of electrons. Using a combined analysis of the hydrodynamic and spectral data captured by MWL-AUC, the size and composition of the alloy particles is retrieved. Our method is validated through the analysis of synthetic data and by the very good agreement between experimental scanning transmission electron microscopy and our AUC data. The presented comprehensive characterization approach contributes to improved synthesis, scale-up and production of particulate systems as it provides a simple, fast and direct method to determine noble metal alloy nanoparticle size and composition distributions simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cardenas Lopez
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstr. 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M J Uttinger
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstr. 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - N E Traoré
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstr. 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - H A Khan
- Competence Unit for Scientific Computing (CSC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstr. 5a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Drobek
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - B Apeleo Zubiri
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - E Spiecker
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - L Pflug
- Competence Unit for Scientific Computing (CSC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstr. 5a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstr. 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstr. 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Uttinger MJ, Hundschell CS, Lautenbach V, Pusara S, Bäther S, Heyn TR, Keppler JK, Wenzel W, Walter J, Kozlowska M, Wagemans AM, Peukert W. Determination of specific and non-specific protein-protein interactions for beta-lactoglobulin by analytical ultracentrifugation and membrane osmometry experiments. Soft Matter 2022; 18:6739-6756. [PMID: 36040122 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00908k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are essential for the understanding of biological processes. Specific protein aggregation is an important aspect for many biological systems. In particular, electrostatic interactions play the key role for protein-protein interactions, as many amino acids have pH-dependent charge states. Moreover, protein dissociation is directly related to the solution pH, ionic strength, temperature and protein concentration. The subtle interplay between different specific and non-specific interactions is demonstrated for beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) with a focus on low salt concentrations, thus mimicking technically relevant processing conditions. BLG is a well-characterized model system, proven to attain its monomer-dimer equilibrium strongly dependent upon the pH of the solution. In this manuscript, we present a unique combination of analytical ultracentrifugation and membrane osmometry experiments, which quantifies specific and non-specific interactions, i.e. in terms of the dimer dissociation constants and the second osmotic virial coefficient, at pH 3 and 7 and sodium chloride concentrations of 10 mM and 100 mM. This provides direct insight to protein-protein interactions for a system with a concentration-dependent monomer-dimer equilibrium. Moreover, using a coarse-grained extended DLVO model in combination with molecular dynamics simulations, we quantify non-specific monomer-monomer, monomer-dimer and dimer-dimer interactions as well as the binding free energy of BLG dimerization from theoretical calculations. The experimentally determined interactions are shown to be mainly governed by electrostatic interactions and further agree with free energy calculations. Our experimental protocol aims to determine non-specific and specific interactions for a dynamically interacting system and provides an understanding of protein-protein interactions for BLG at low salt concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Uttinger
- Institute of Particle Technology, Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - C S Hundschell
- Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Department of Food Colloids, Technical University Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - V Lautenbach
- Institute of Particle Technology, Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - S Pusara
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - S Bäther
- Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Department of Food Colloids, Technical University Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - T R Heyn
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - J K Keppler
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - W Wenzel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - J Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology, Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - M Kozlowska
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - A M Wagemans
- Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Department of Food Colloids, Technical University Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology, Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Uttinger MJ, Jung D, Dao N, Canziani H, Lübbert C, Vogel N, Peukert W, Harting J, Walter J. Probing sedimentation non-ideality of particulate systems using analytical centrifugation. Soft Matter 2021; 17:2803-2814. [PMID: 33554981 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Analytical centrifugation is a versatile technique for the quantitative characterization of colloidal systems including colloidal stability. The recent developments in data acquisition and evaluation allow the accurate determination of particle size, shape anisotropy and particle density. High precision analytical centrifugation is in particular suited for the study of particle interactions and concentration-dependent sedimentation coefficients. We present a holistic approach for the quantitative determination of sedimentation non-ideality via analytical centrifugation for polydisperse, plain and amino-functionalized silica particles spanning over one order of magnitude in particle size between 100 nm and 1200 nm. These systems typically behave as neutral hard spheres as predicted by auxiliary lattice Boltzmann simulations. The extent of electrostatic interactions and their impact on sedimentation non-ideality can be quantified by the repulsion range, which is the ratio of the Debye length and the average interparticle distance. Experimental access to the repulsion range is provided through conductivity measurements. With the experimental repulsion range at hand, we estimate the effect of polydispersity on concentration-dependent sedimentation properties through a combination of lattice Boltzmann and Brownian dynamics simulations. Finally, we determine the concentration-dependent sedimentation properties of charge-stabilized, fluorescently-labeled silica particles with a nominal particle size of 30 nm and reduced interparticle distance, hence an elevated repulsion range. Overall, our results demonstrate how the influence of hard-sphere type and electrostatic interactions can be quantified when probing sedimentation non-ideality of particulate systems using analytical centrifugation even for systems exhibiting moderate sample heterogeneity and complex interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Uttinger
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Jung
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - N Dao
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - H Canziani
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Lübbert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - N Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Harting
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - J Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Nachtigall S, Holtze C, Laurenzis A, Bachmann S, Runge F, Götz V, Hosseinpour S, Peukert W, Leister N, Karbstein HP. Analyse der Stabilisierungsmechanismen in Doppelemulsionen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Nachtigall
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str. 38 67056 Ludwigshafen Deutschland
| | - C. Holtze
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str. 38 67056 Ludwigshafen Deutschland
| | - A. Laurenzis
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str. 38 67056 Ludwigshafen Deutschland
| | - S. Bachmann
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str. 38 67056 Ludwigshafen Deutschland
| | - F. Runge
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str. 38 67056 Ludwigshafen Deutschland
| | - V. Götz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - S. Hosseinpour
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - W. Peukert
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - N. Leister
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - H.-P. Karbstein
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Institut für Bio- und Lebensmitteltechnik, Teilinstitut I: Lebensmittelverfahrenstechnik Kaiserstr. 12 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
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Wawra S, Pflug L, Thajudeen T, Peukert W. Ermittlung der 2D-Partikelgrößenverteilung plasmonischer Partikel mittels analytischer Ultrazentrifugation. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201855182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. E. Wawra
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik; Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - L. Pflug
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Mathematik II; Cauerstraße 11 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - T. Thajudeen
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik; Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - W. Peukert
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik; Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
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Segets D, Lee H, Peukert W, Pui D, Chen SC. Depth filtration of nanoparticles: Effect of filter structure, flow velocity, and loading. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201855236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Segets
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Institute of Particle Technology (LFG); Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS); Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - H. Lee
- University of Minnesota; Particle Technology Laboratory (PTL); Minneapolis USA
| | - W. Peukert
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Institute of Particle Technology (LFG); Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS); Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - D. Y. H. Pui
- University of Minnesota; Particle Technology Laboratory (PTL); Minneapolis USA
| | - S.-C. Chen
- Virginia Commonwealth University; Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering; Richmond USA
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Klupp Taylor R, Meincke T, Sadafi FZ, Walter J, Pflug L, Watanabe S, Peukert W, Stingl M. Anisometric engineering of particle interfaces: Multidimensional characterization and gram-scale production. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201855147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. N. Klupp Taylor
- FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg; Institute of Particle Technology; Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - T. Meincke
- FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg; Institute of Particle Technology; Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - F.-Z. Sadafi
- FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg; Institute of Particle Technology; Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - J. Walter
- FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg; Institute of Particle Technology; Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - L. Pflug
- FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg; Institute of Applied Mathematics 2; Cauerstraße 11 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - S. Watanabe
- Kyoto University; Institute of Surface Control Engineering; Katsura, Nishikyo 615-8510 Kyoto Japan
| | - W. Peukert
- FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg; Institute of Particle Technology; Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - M. Stingl
- FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg; Institute of Applied Mathematics 2; Cauerstraße 11 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Strobel A, Schwenger J, Wittpahl S, Schmidt J, Romeis S, Peukert W. Assessing the influence of viscosity and milling bead size on the stressing conditions in a stirred media mill by single particle probes. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Uttinger MJ, Walter J, Thajudeen T, Wawra SE, Peukert W. Brownian dynamics simulations of analytical ultracentrifugation experiments exhibiting hydrodynamic and thermodynamic non-ideality. Nanoscale 2017; 9:17770-17780. [PMID: 29131217 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06583c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic and thermodynamic non-ideality are important phenomena when studying concentrated and interacting systems in analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC). Here we present an extended Brownian Dynamics (BD) based algorithm which incorporates hydrodynamic and thermodynamic non-ideality. It can serve as an independent and versatile approach for the theoretical description of interparticulate interactions in AUC, as it allows tracking the trajectory of individual particles. Concentration dependencies of the sedimentation and diffusion coefficient have been implemented and validated for the extended BD model. For monodisperse systems, it is shown that profiles obtained by BD are in excellent agreement with well-established Lamm equation solvers. Moreover, important limits and restrictions of current Lamm equation based analysis methods are discussed. In particular, BD allows modeling and evaluation of AUC data of non-ideal polydisperse systems. This is relevant as most nanoparticulate systems are polydisperse in size. Here, a simulation for a polydisperse system including concentration effects is presented for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Uttinger
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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12
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Thajudeen T, Walter J, Srikantharajah R, Lübbert C, Peukert W. Determination of the length and diameter of nanorods by a combination of analytical ultracentrifugation and scanning mobility particle sizer. Nanoscale Horiz 2017; 2:253-260. [PMID: 32260680 DOI: 10.1039/c7nh00050b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A combination of orthogonal measurement techniques is utilized in this study to predict the average lengths and diameters of colloidal nanorods. Sedimentation coefficient distributions and electrical mobility distributions obtained from analytical ultracentrifugation and a scanning mobility particle sizer, respectively, are used for the hydrodynamic correlation. The method is validated theoretically and application to Au and ZnO nanorod samples is shown. The results demonstrate that the combination of both measurement techniques is an excellent method for the two-dimensional characterization of nanorods.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Thajudeen
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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13
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14
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Strobel A, Romeis S, Wittpahl S, Herre P, Schmidt J, Peukert W. Characterization of stressing conditions in mills – A comprehensive research strategy based on well-characterized model particles. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Daiko Y, Schmidt J, Kawamura G, Romeis S, Segets D, Iwamoto Y, Peukert W. Mechanochemically induced sulfur doping in ZnO via oxygen vacancy formation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:13838-13845. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01489a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemically induced oxygen vacancy of ZnO is indispensable in order to control the level of sulfur doping quantitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Daiko
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya
- Japan
| | - J. Schmidt
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Erlangen
- Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS)
| | - G. Kawamura
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
| | - S. Romeis
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Erlangen
- Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS)
| | - D. Segets
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Erlangen
- Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS)
| | - Y. Iwamoto
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya
- Japan
| | - W. Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Erlangen
- Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS)
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16
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Abstract
The impact of reactor type on synthesis parameters and disperse properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Akdas
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Cluster of Excellence – Engineering of Advanced Materials (EAM)
| | - M. Haderlein
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Cluster of Excellence – Engineering of Advanced Materials (EAM)
| | - J. Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Cluster of Excellence – Engineering of Advanced Materials (EAM)
| | - B. Apeleo Zubiri
- Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Cluster of Excellence – Engineering of Advanced Materials (EAM)
| | - E. Spiecker
- Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Cluster of Excellence – Engineering of Advanced Materials (EAM)
| | - W. Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Cluster of Excellence – Engineering of Advanced Materials (EAM)
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17
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Srikantharajah R, Schindler T, Landwehr I, Romeis S, Unruh T, Peukert W. From evaporation-induced self-assembly to shear-induced alignment. Nanoscale 2016; 8:19882-19893. [PMID: 27878180 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06586d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The functionality of compact nanostructured thin films depends critically on the degree of order and hence on the underlying ordering mechanisms during film formation. For dip coating of rigid nanorods the counteracting mechanisms, evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) and shear-induced alignment (SIA) have recently been identified as competing ordering mechanisms. Here, we show how to achieve highly ordered and homogeneous thin films by controlling EISA and SIA in dip coating. Therefore we identify the influences of the process parameters including temperature, initial volume fraction and nanorod aspect ratio on evaporation-induced convective flow and externally applied shear forces and evaluate the resulting films. The impact of evaporation and shear can be distinguished by analysing film thickness, surface order and bulk order by careful in situ SAXS, Raman and SEM-based image analysis. For the first time we derive processing guidelines for the controlled application of EISA and SIA towards highly ordered thin nematic films.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Srikantharajah
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - T Schindler
- Chair for Crystallography and Structural Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - I Landwehr
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA, Nobelstraße 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - S Romeis
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - T Unruh
- Chair for Crystallography and Structural Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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18
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Mehler C, Thielmann F, Peukert W. Combination of a Dielectric Continuum Model with Inverse Gas Chromatography for the Characterization of Solid Surfaces. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1260/02636170260555769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of a dielectric continuum model for the characterization of solid surfaces was combined for the first time with inverse gas chromatography. Extension of dielectric continuum models to adsorption from the gaseous phase allowed the distributed surface properties of solid surfaces to be determined. An inverse gas chromatograph was used for the measurement of adsorption equilibria as a quick alternative to time-consuming measurements by gravimetric or volumetric set-ups. Combination of the two techniques allowed the rapid determination of the distributed properties of solid surfaces to be effected and the results were interpreted in a fundamental physical sense. This led to a novel and promising way for the rapid and exact characterization of solid surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Mehler
- Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F. Thielmann
- Surface Measurement Systems, 3 Warple Mews, Warple Way, London W3 0RF, UK
| | - W. Peukert
- Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
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19
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Flach F, Konnerth C, Peppersack C, Schmidt J, Damm C, Breitung-Faes S, Peukert W, Kwade A. Impact of formulation and operating parameters on particle size and grinding media wear in wet media milling of organic compounds – A case study for pyrene. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Peukert W. Grundprinzipien der Produktgestaltung. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Strobel A, Köninger B, Romeis S, Wirth KE, Peukert W. Prallzerkleinerung in Fließbettgegenstrahlmühlen: Vom Einzelkorn zur Mühle. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Haderlein M, Sterbak M, Segets D, Peukert W. Ein verallgemeinertes Modellierungswerkzeug für die numerisch effiziente Beschreibung mehrphasiger Fällungsprozesse. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Walter J, Nacken T, Thajudeen T, Segets D, Sherwood P, Stafford W, Peukert W. Multidimensional Nanoparticle Characterization by Means of Analytical Ultracentrifugation and Multiwavelength Detection. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Süß S, Sobisch T, Lerche D, Mori Y, Peukert W, Segets D. Classification of Nanoparticles by Size-Selective Precipitation: The Role of Solubility Parameters. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Schmidt J, Sachs M, Fanselow S, Wirth KE, Peukert W. Herstellung und Funktionalisierung neuartiger Pulverwerkstoffe für die additive Fertigung. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Margraf JT, Lodermeyer F, Strauss V, Haines P, Walter J, Peukert W, Costa RD, Clark T, Guldi DM. Using carbon nanodots as inexpensive and environmentally friendly sensitizers in mesoscopic solar cells. Nanoscale Horiz 2016; 1:220-226. [PMID: 32260624 DOI: 10.1039/c6nh00010j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We discuss the use of carbon nanodots (CNDs) as sensitizers in mesoscopic solar cells. The CNDs are synthesized using a one-step, bottom-up microwave approach with citric acid, urea, and formic acid as precursors in aqueous media. Their light-harvesting capabilities can be tuned by adjusting the synthetic parameters. Comprehensive spectroscopic and theoretical studies allow us to rationalize the nature of their absorption features. Promising power conversion efficiencies (η) of 0.24% can be achieved from these cheap and eco-friendly sensitizers by optimizing the solar-cell assembly process. Interestingly, we found that extending the light absorption towards longer wavelengths does not necessarily improve the performance of the solar cells, since the longer-wavelength absorption features hardly contribute to the cells' photo-action spectra, so that the overall power conversion efficiency is actually worse. The origin of the lower performance is corroborated in transient absorption spectroscopy and photovoltage decay measurements. Our work points, on one hand, to the limits of as-synthesized CNDs as photosensitizers and, on the other hand, to possible improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Margraf
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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27
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Srikantharajah R, Gerstner K, Romeis S, Peukert W. Polarized Raman scattering and SEM combined full characterization of self-assembled nematic thin films. Nanoscale 2016; 8:7672-7682. [PMID: 26991247 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01440b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Elongated particles are predestined for a fast transfer of optical and electronical signals in a preferred direction, which is mandatory for a quick response in optoelectronic devices. The performance of the material is based on the quality of defect less alignment of the particles. On this account we present an easy non-invasive methodology for characterization of both surface and bulk order. The characterization of bulk order is performed by orientation dependent variation of the polarized Raman scattering signal on large areas by mapping. Scanning electron microscopy and image analysis on the surface complete the characterization. New insights in dip coated nematic structures clearly show the interplay of evaporation induced and shear-induced self-assembly and reveal a comprehensive mechanistic picture for nanorod assembly: the shear force dominated regime orients the particle in direction of withdrawal. At low withdrawal velocity, however, shear forces and evaporation counteract to produce a three-layered film where the top and bottom layers are oriented perpendicular to each other. The middle layer gives a clear evidence for a reorientation by convective flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Srikantharajah
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - K Gerstner
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - S Romeis
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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28
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Cabanas-Polo S, Distaso M, Peukert W, Boccaccini AR. Electrophoretic Deposition of α-Fe2O3/Chitosan Nanocomposite Coatings for Functional and Biomedical Applications. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2015; 15:10149-10155. [PMID: 26682461 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.11685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Promising composite coatings based on hematite (α-Fe2O3) mesocrystals of size 110 nm and chitosan (CHT) molecules for different biotechnological applications have been successfully obtained by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Homogeneous and reproducible coatings have been obtained by studying and controlling the chemical interactions between both phases (α-Fe2O3 and CHT). A voltage of 25 V and a deposition time of 5 min were chosen as best deposition conditions, which resulted in highly homogeneous coatings with well-distributed α-Fe2O3 particles. According to TGA measurements, the content of α-Fe2O3 and chitosan in the final composite coating were found to be 74 and 26 wt%, respectively. The presence of both phases in the composite coating was determined by XRD analysis and the coatings microstructure was observed by SEM.
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29
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Akdas T, Walter J, Segets D, Distaso M, Winter B, Birajdar B, Spiecker E, Peukert W. Investigation of the size-property relationship in CuInS2 quantum dots. Nanoscale 2015; 7:18105-18. [PMID: 26469399 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04291g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work we investigated fundamental properties of CuInS2 quantum dots in dependence of the particle size distribution (PSD). Size-selective precipitation (SSP) with acetone as poor solvent was performed as an adequate post-processing step. Our results provide deep insight into the correlation between particle size and various optical characteristics as bandgap energy, absorption and emission features and the broadness of the emission signal. These structure-property relationships are only achieved due to the unique combination of different analytical techniques. Our study reveals that the removal of 10 wt% of smallest particles from the feed results in an enhancement of the emission signal. This improvement is ascribed to a decreased quenching of the emission in larger particles. Our results reveal the impact of PSDs on the properties and the performance of an ensemble of multicomponent QDs and anticipate the high potential of controlling PSDs by well-developed post-processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Akdas
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - J Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - D Segets
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - M Distaso
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - B Winter
- Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - B Birajdar
- Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - E Spiecker
- Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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30
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Schindler T, Schmiele M, Schmutzler T, Kassar T, Segets D, Peukert W, Radulescu A, Kriele A, Gilles R, Unruh T. A Combined SAXS/SANS Study for the in Situ Characterization of Ligand Shells on Small Nanoparticles: The Case of ZnO. Langmuir 2015; 31:10130-10136. [PMID: 26327573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have great potential for their use in, e.g., thin film solar cells due to their electro-optical properties adjustable on the nanoscale. Therefore, the production of well-defined NPs is of major interest. For a targeted production process, the knowledge of the stabilization layer of the NPs during and after their formation is of particular importance. For the study of the stabilizer layer of ZnO NPs prepared in a wet chemical synthesis from zinc acetate, only ex situ studies have been performed so far. An acetate layer bound to the surface of the dried NPs was found; however, an in situ study which addresses the stabilizing layer surrounding the NPs in a native dispersion was missing. By the combination of small angle scattering with neutrons and X-rays (SANS and SAXS) for the same sample, we are now able to observe the acetate shell in situ for the first time. In addition, the changes of this shell could be followed during the ripening process for different temperatures. With increasing size of the ZnO core (d(core)) the surrounding shell (d(shell)) becomes larger, and the acetate concentration within the shell is reduced. For all samples, the shell thickness was found to be larger than the maximum extension of an acetate molecule with acetate concentrations within the shell below 50 vol %. Thus, there is not a monolayer of acetate molecules that covers the NPs but rather a swollen shell of acetate ions. This shell is assumed to hinder the growth of the NPs to larger macrostructures. In addition, we found that the partition coefficient μ between acetate in the shell surrounding the NPs and the total amount of acetate in the solution is about 10% which is in good agreement with ex situ data determined by thermogravimetric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schindler
- Chair of Crystallography and Structural Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universät Erlangen-Nürnberg , Staudtstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Schmiele
- Chair of Crystallography and Structural Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universät Erlangen-Nürnberg , Staudtstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - T Schmutzler
- Chair of Crystallography and Structural Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universät Erlangen-Nürnberg , Staudtstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - T Kassar
- Chair of Crystallography and Structural Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universät Erlangen-Nürnberg , Staudtstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Segets
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universät Erlangen-Nürnberg , Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universät Erlangen-Nürnberg , Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Radulescu
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS), Outstation at MLZ, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - A Kriele
- Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Plank-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - R Gilles
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München , 85747 Garching, Germany
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31
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Süß S, Chen SC, Pui D, Peukert W, Segets D. Analysis of Colloidal Interactions by Means of Sedimentation Analysis and their Use during Ultrafiltration. CHEM-ING-TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201550084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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32
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Abstract
A scalable industrial method for graphene and Few-Layer-Graphene (FLG) production by graphite delamination in N-methylpyrrolidone and water–surfactant mixtures using a high pressure homogenizer is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. J. Nacken
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - C. Damm
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - J. Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - A. Rüger
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - W. Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG)
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
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33
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Paul J, Romeis S, Mačković M, Marthala V, Herre P, Przybilla T, Hartmann M, Spiecker E, Schmidt J, Peukert W. In situ cracking of silica beads in the SEM and TEM — Effect of particle size on structure–property correlations. POWDER TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Peukert W. Optimierung von Eigenschaften, Strukturen und Prozessen in der Partikeltechnik. CHEM-ING-TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201450658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Segets D, Yamamoto K, Lutz C, Mori Y, Peukert W. Processing Concepts for Small Nanoparticles: Classification on a Nanometer Scale by Tailoring Particle Interactions. CHEM-ING-TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201450571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Funk C, Winzer B, Peukert W. Correlation between shape, evaporation mode and mobility of small water droplets on nanorough fibres. J Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 417:171-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Eisermann C, Damm C, Winzer B, Peukert W. Stabilization of carbon black particles with Cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide in aqueous media. POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2013.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Klaumünzer M, Weichsel U, Mačković M, Spiecker E, Peukert W, Kryschi C. Transmission Electron Microscopy and Time Resolved Optical Spectroscopy Study of the Electronic and Structural Interactions of ZnO Nanorods with Bovine Serum Albumin. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:9683-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp405181u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Klaumünzer
- Institute
of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,
Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - U. Weichsel
- Institute
of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,
Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M. Mačković
- Center for Nanoanalysis and
Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - E. Spiecker
- Center for Nanoanalysis and
Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - W. Peukert
- Institute
of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,
Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C. Kryschi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
Institute of Physical Chemistry I and ICMM, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen,
Germany
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Vasylyev S, Damm C, Segets D, Hanisch M, Taccardi N, Wasserscheid P, Peukert W. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles in melts of amphiphilic polyesters. Nanotechnology 2013; 24:115604. [PMID: 23449006 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/11/115604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The current work presents a one-step procedure for the synthesis of amphiphilic silver nanoparticles suitable for production of silver-filled polymeric materials. This solvent free synthesis via reduction of Tollens' reagent as silver precursor in melts of amphiphilic polyesters consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) blocks and hydrophobic alkyl chains allows the production of silver nanoparticles without any by-product formation. This makes them especially interesting for the production of medical devices with antimicrobial properties. In this article the influences of the chain length of the hydrophobic block in the amphiphilic polyesters and the process temperature on the particle size distribution (PSD) and the stability of the particles against agglomeration are discussed. According to the results of spectroscopic and viscosimetric investigations the silver precursor is reduced to elemental silver nanoparticles by a single electron transfer process from the poly(ethylene glycol) chain to the silver ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vasylyev
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Romeis S, Paul J, Ziener M, Peukert W. A novel apparatus for in situ compression of submicron structures and particles in a high resolution SEM. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:095105. [PMID: 23020417 DOI: 10.1063/1.4749256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development and characterization of a novel in situ manipulation device to perform stressing experiments on the submicron scale inside a high resolution field emission scanning electron microscope. The instrument comprises two main assembly groups: an upper part for positioning and moving a mounted probe and a force sensor as well as a specimen support as lower part. The upper part consists of a closed loop tripod piezoelectric scanner mounted on a self-locking coarse positioning stage. Two interlocked steel springs and a linear variable differential transformer measuring the springs' deflections compose the lower part of the instrument. This arrangement acts as force-sensor and sample support. In comparison to already well-established concepts a wide measuring range is covered by adjusting the spring constant between 30 N/m and 50000 N/m. Moreover, the new device offers striking advantages with respect to force calibration and sample deformation measurements. Force calibration is performed using the eigenfrequency of the force detection system directly inside the SEM. Deformation data are obtained with high accuracy by simultaneously recording displacements above and below the specimen. The detrimental apparatus compliance is determined, and the influence on measured data subsequently minimized: an easy to validate two-springs-in-series model is used for data correction. A force resolution in normal direction of 100 nN accompanied by a sample deformation resolution of 5 nm can be achieved with the instrument using an appropriate load cell stiffness. The capabilities and versatility of this instrument are exemplified by compression experiments performed on submicron amorphous silica particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Romeis
- Institute of Particle Technology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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41
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Eisermann C, Mallembakam M, Damm C, Peukert W, Breitung-Faes S, Kwade A. Polymeric stabilization of fused corundum during nanogrinding in stirred media mills. POWDER TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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42
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Simon S, Krause HJ, Weber C, Peukert W. Physical degradation of proteins in well-defined fluid flows studied within a four-roll apparatus. Biotechnol Bioeng 2011; 108:2914-22. [PMID: 21732328 DOI: 10.1002/bit.23257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In most applications of biotechnology and downstream processing proteins are exposed to fluid stresses in various flow configurations which often lead to the formation of unwanted protein aggregates. In this paper we present physical degradation experiments for proteins under well-defined flow conditions in a four-roll apparatus. The flow field was characterized numerically by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimentally by particle image velocimetry (PIV). The local shear strain rate as well as the local shear and elongation rate was used to characterize the hydrodynamic stress environment acting on the proteins. Lysozyme was used as a model protein and subjected to well-defined fluid stresses in high and low stress environment. By using in situ turbidity measurements during stressing the aggregate formation was monitored directly in the fluid flow. An increase in absorbance at 350 nm was attributed to a higher content of visible particles (>1 µm). In addition to lysozyme, the formation of aggregates was confirmed for two larger proteins (bovine serum albumin and alcohol dehydrogenase). Thus, the presented experimental setup is a helpful tool to monitor flow-induced protein aggregation with high reproducibility. For instance, screening experiments for formulation development of biopharmaceuticals for fill and finish operations can be performed in the lab-scale in a short time-period if the stress distributions in the application are transferred and applied in the four-roll mill.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Simon
- Institute of Particle Technology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Schröder-Turk GE, Mickel W, Kapfer SC, Klatt MA, Schaller FM, Hoffmann MJF, Kleppmann N, Armstrong P, Inayat A, Hug D, Reichelsdorfer M, Peukert W, Schwieger W, Mecke K. Minkowski tensor shape analysis of cellular, granular and porous structures. Adv Mater 2011; 23:2535-2553. [PMID: 21681830 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Predicting physical properties of materials with spatially complex structures is one of the most challenging problems in material science. One key to a better understanding of such materials is the geometric characterization of their spatial structure. Minkowski tensors are tensorial shape indices that allow quantitative characterization of the anisotropy of complex materials and are particularly well suited for developing structure-property relationships for tensor-valued or orientation-dependent physical properties. They are fundamental shape indices, in some sense being the simplest generalization of the concepts of volume, surface and integral curvatures to tensor-valued quantities. Minkowski tensors are based on a solid mathematical foundation provided by integral and stochastic geometry, and are endowed with strong robustness and completeness theorems. The versatile definition of Minkowski tensors applies widely to different types of morphologies, including ordered and disordered structures. Fast linear-time algorithms are available for their computation. This article provides a practical overview of the different uses of Minkowski tensors to extract quantitative physically-relevant spatial structure information from experimental and simulated data, both in 2D and 3D. Applications are presented that quantify (a) alignment of co-polymer films by an electric field imaged by surface force microscopy; (b) local cell anisotropy of spherical bead pack models for granular matter and of closed-cell liquid foam models; (c) surface orientation in open-cell solid foams studied by X-ray tomography; and (d) defect densities and locations in molecular dynamics simulations of crystalline copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Schröder-Turk
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Wanka J, Peukert W. Optimized Production of Protein Crystals: From 1D Crystallization Slot towards 2D Supersaturation B22 Diagram. Chem Eng Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201000445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Damm C, Mallembakam MR, Voronov A, Peukert W. Production of filled hydrogels by mechanochemically induced polymerization. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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46
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Schürer B, Peukert W. In Situ Surface Characterization of Polydisperse Colloidal Particles by Second Harmonic Generation. Particulate Science and Technology 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2010.504131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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47
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Peukert W, Segets D. Kolloidverfahrenstechnik von Quantendots - Bildungskinetik, Stabilität und Strukturierung. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201050410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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48
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Knieke C, Steinborn C, Romeis S, Peukert W, Breitung-Faes S, Kwade A. Nanoparticle Production with Stirred-Media Mills: Opportunities and Limits. Chem Eng Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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49
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Damm C, Mallembakam M, Peukert W. Effect of grinding conditions on mechanochemical grafting of poly(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) onto quartz particles. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kirchhof MJ, Schmid HJ, Peukert W. Three-dimensional simulation of viscous-flow agglomerate sintering. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2009; 80:026319. [PMID: 19792261 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.026319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Revised: 07/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The viscous-flow sintering of different agglomerate particle morphologies is studied by three-dimensional computer simulations based on the concept of fractional volume of fluid. For a fundamental understanding of particle sintering characteristics, the neck growth kinetics in agglomerate chains and in doublets consisting of differently sized primary particles is investigated. Results show that different sintering contacts in agglomerates even during the first stages are not completely independent from each other, even though differences are small. The neck growth kinetics of differently sized primary particles is determined by the smaller one up to a size difference by a factor of approximately 2, whereas for larger size differences, the kinetics becomes faster. In particular, the agglomerate sintering kinetics is investigated for particle chains of different lengths and for different particle morphologies each having ten primary particles and nine initial sintering contacts. For agglomerate chains, the kinetics approximately can be normalized by using the radius of the fully coalesced sphere. In general, different agglomerate morphologies show equal kinetics during the first sintering stages, whereas during advanced stages, compact morphologies show significantly faster sintering progress than more open morphologies. Hence, the overall kinetics cannot be described by simply using constant morphology correction factors such as fractal dimension or mean coordination number which are used in common sintering models. However, for the first stages of viscous-flow agglomerate sintering, which are the most important for many particle processes, a sintering equation is presented. Although we use agglomerates consisting of spherical primary particles, our methodology can be applied to other aggregate geometries as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Kirchhof
- Department of Research and Development, Burgmann Industries GmbH & Co. KG, Aussere Sauerlacher Str. 6-10, 82515 Wolfratshausen, Germany
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