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Fan L, Yotov WV, Zhu T, Esmailzadeh L, Joyal JS, Sennlaub F, Heveker N, Chemtob S, Rivard GE. Tissue factor enhances protease-activated receptor-2-mediated factor VIIa cell proliferative properties. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3:1056-63. [PMID: 15869604 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01250.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In addition to its hemostatic functions, factor (F)VIIa exhibits cell proliferative properties as seen in angiogenesis and tumor growth. A role for tissue factor (TF) and protease-activated receptors (PAR)-1 and -2 in cell proliferation remain to be clarified. We tested the hypothesis that FVIIa induces cell proliferation by a mechanism involving TF and PAR-2. Human recombinant FVIIa induced cell proliferation of human BOSC23 cells transfected with plasmid containing human TF DNA sequence. Because DNA primase 1 (PRIM1) plays an essential role in cell proliferation, we used the cloned PRIM1 promoter upstream of the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) to elucidate the mode of action of FVIIa. FVIIa evoked a dose-dependent increase in cell proliferation and PRIM1 induction, which were markedly potentiated (4-5-fold) by the presence of TF and abrogated by TF antisense oligonucleotide. PRIM1 induction by FVIIa was also abolished by PAR-2 but not by PAR-1 antisense. In contrast, thrombin induced a small increase in CAT activity which was unaffected by TF, but was prevented only by PAR-1 antisense as well as the thrombin inhibitor hirudin. Proliferative properties of FVIIa were associated with a TF-dependent increase in intracellular calcium and were mediated by a concordant phosphorylation of p44/42 MAP kinase. In conclusion, data reveal that FVIIa induces PRIM1 and ensuing cellular proliferation via a TF- and of the PARs entirely PAR-2-dependent pathway, in distinction to that of thrombin which is PAR-1-dependent and TF-independent. We speculate that FVIIa-TF-PAR-2 inhibitors may be effective in suppressing cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fan
- Center de Recherche, Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Infante-Rivard C, Rivard GE, Yotov WV, Génin E, Guiguet M, Weinberg C, Gauthier R, Feoli-Fonseca JC. Absence of association of thrombophilia polymorphisms with intrauterine growth restriction. N Engl J Med 2002; 347:19-25. [PMID: 12097536 DOI: 10.1056/nejm200207043470105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous data have demonstrated associations between thrombophilia polymorphisms in pregnant women and an increased risk of intrauterine growth restriction in their offspring, but this finding remains uncertain. METHODS We performed a hospital-based case-control study and a family-based study including 493 newborns with intrauterine growth restriction (defined by birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age and sex according to Canadian norms) and 472 controls (with birth weight at or above the 10th percentile). We determined the presence or absence in newborns and their parents of the following polymorphisms: methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C, factor V Leiden G1691A, and prothrombin G20210A. Mothers were interviewed to obtain information on other risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction. RESULTS The risk of intrauterine growth restriction was not increased among mothers carrying a polymorphism associated with thrombophilia. In the case-control study, the odds ratios associated with two copies of the variant, after adjustment for newborn genotype and other risk factors, were 1.55 for MTHFR C677T (95 percent confidence interval, 0.83 to 2.90) and 0.49 for MTHFR A1298C (95 percent confidence interval, 0.25 to 0.93); heterozygotes for factor V Leiden had an odds ratio of 1.18 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.54 to 2.55), and heterozygotes for prothrombin G20210A had an odds ratio of 0.92 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.36 to 2.35). These polymorphisms in the newborn were not associated with an increased risk. Newborns who were homozygous for the MTHFR C677T variant had a decreased risk of intrauterine growth restriction (odds ratio after adjustment for mother's genotype and other confounders, 0.52 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.29 to 0.94]). The results of the family-based study supported those of the case-control study. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not indicate that there are associations between maternal or newborn polymorphisms associated with thrombophilia and an increased risk of intrauterine growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Infante-Rivard
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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Infante-Rivard C, Rivard GE, Yotov WV, Théôret Y. Perinatal reference intervals for plasma homocysteine and factors influencing its concentration. Clin Chem 2002; 48:1100-2. [PMID: 12089182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Infante-Rivard
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 1130 Pine Ave. West, Montréal, Province of Québec, H3A 1A3 Canada.
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Infante-Rivard C, Rivard GE, Yotov WV, Théôret Y. Perinatal Reference Intervals for Plasma Homocysteine and Factors Influencing Its Concentration. Clin Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/48.7.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Infante-Rivard
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 1130 Pine Ave. West, Montréal, Province of Québec, H3A 1A3 Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mère-Enfant, and
| | - Georges-Etienne Rivard
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mère-Enfant, and
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Province of Québec, H3T 1C5 Canada
| | - Wagner V Yotov
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mère-Enfant, and
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Province of Québec, H3T 1C5 Canada
| | - Yves Théôret
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mère-Enfant, and
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Province of Québec, H3T 1C5 Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Typical assay methods for total homocysteine in human plasma involve EDTA-containing whole blood. Unfortunately, rapid increases of the plasma homocysteine concentrations due to cellular export are observed when the EDTA-containing samples are not stored on ice and processed shortly after collection. This is a cumbersome procedure in perinatal settings, whereby delivery usually takes place at unpredictable times. METHODS The stability of homocysteine was assessed from six placental and neonatal blood samples collected in citrate buffer. Samples were stored at 4 degrees C and tested at regular intervals for the first 24 h. RESULTS There was no statistical difference in homocysteine concentrations as observed over the study storage period (mean coefficient of variation [CV] 4.9%). CONCLUSIONS Citrated samples can be left in a refrigerator for at least 24 h with no effect on the plasma homocysteine concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Théorêt
- Département de Pharmacologie, Université de Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Oligny LL, Feoli-Fonseca JC, Brochu P, Simard P, Falconi S, Yotov WV. Human papillomavirus PCR direct sequencing study of cervical precancerous lesions in Quebec children. Sex Transm Infect 2001; 77:391. [PMID: 11588297 PMCID: PMC1744372 DOI: 10.1136/sti.77.5.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are etiological agents of cervical cancer. In order to address clinical demand for HPV detection and sequence typing, mostly in pre-cancerous cervical lesions, we applied our two-tier PCR-direct sequencing (PCR-DS) approach based on the use of both MY09/MY11 and GP5 + /GP6 + sets of primers. We tested 691 pathological specimens, all of which were biopsies, 75% of which were diagnosed histologically as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades I-III. In total, 484 samples (70%) tested HPV-positive, yielding 531 HPV sequences from 47 HPV types, including two novel types. Four most frequently found HPV types accounted for 52.9% of all isolates: HPV6, 16, 11, and 31 (21.5%, 20.0%, 7.0%, and 4.5%, respectively). Some interesting results are the following: all currently known high-risk HPV (14 types) and low-risk HPV (6 types) were detected; HPV18 was not the 1st or 2nd but rather the 4th-5th most frequent high-risk HPV type; the highest detection rate for HPV (86%) among samples suspected to be HPV-infected was found in the youngest age group (0-10 years old), including 70% (44/63) "genital" HPV types; HPV types of undetermined cervical cancer risk represented 19% and of the total HPV isolates but were strongly increased in co-infections (36.5% of all isolates). To our knowledge, this is the largest sequencing-based study of HPV. The HPV types of unknown cancer risk, representing the majority of the known HPV types, 27 of the 47 types detected in this study, are not likely to play a major role in cervical cancer because their prevalence in CIN-I, II, and III declines from 16% to 8% to 2.5%. The two-tier PCR-DS method provides greater sensitivity than cycle sequencing using only one pair of primers. It could be used in a simple laboratory setting for quick and reliable typing of known and novel HPV from clinical specimens with fine sequence precision. It could also be applied to anti-cancer vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Feoli-Fonseca
- Department of Pathology, Ste-Justine Hospital, Women and Children University Hospital Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Feoli-Fonseca JC, Oligny LL, Yotov WV. New method for automatic identification identification and typing of single and multiple superimposed human papillomavirus sequences. Diagn Mol Pathol 1999; 8:216-21. [PMID: 10617279 DOI: 10.1097/00019606-199912000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study of specimens of human papillomaviruses (HPV) through HPV-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by direct sequencing, resulted in 11% (38/354) superimposed HPV sequences, signifying coinfection with more than one HPV type. To address the diagnostic problem that these superimposed ("degenerated," overlapping) sequences pose, the authors created a papillomavirus database in Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, U.S.A.) and Corel Quattro Pro 9 (Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) formats, retrievable from http://www2.crosswinds.net/ -crosswindswatson/index.html. This sequence database is simultaneously a search and comparison tool for quick (several seconds) typing of HPV from regular and "degenerated" sequencing results. Some of the advantages of the method are as follows: (1) superimposed HPV sequences that differ in length could be readily identified from a single input; (2) the search is restricted to the currently known 127 PV types, which speeds up the typing; (3) the most common HPV sequencing artifacts are included for quick detection; (4) there is no proprietary code and the database could be easily improved; (5) HPV sequence identification does not require internet connection; and (6) new HPV types could be easily detected. This method allowed resolution of all but 1 of 354 HPV-positive specimens. From 38 superimposed HPV sequences, this method identified one known HPV type (3 specimens), two HPV types (30 specimens) and three HPV types (4 specimens).
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Feoli-Fonseca
- Département de pathologie, Faculté des études supérieures, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
We studied the involvement of PRIM1 in osteosarcoma by differential display, Northern and Southern hybridization, as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on interphase nuclei. In total, 22 pediatric oncology specimens were tested. PRIM1 was found to be amplified in 41% of the samples. PRIM1 is coamplified with the core 12q13 amplicon genes CDK4, SAS, and OS9, and was physically mapped very close to them. PRIM1 is therefore a new candidate for the role of a major target gene of 12q13 amplifications in human cancers. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 26:62-69, 1999.
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Affiliation(s)
- W V Yotov
- Département de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Feoli-Fonseca JC, Oligny LL, Filion M, Brochu P, Simard P, Russo PA, Yotov WV. A two-tier polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing method for detecting and typing human papillomaviruses in pathological specimens. Diagn Mol Pathol 1998; 7:317-23. [PMID: 10207670 DOI: 10.1097/00019606-199812000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An in-house polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing (PCR-DS) approach for HPV detection and typing was developed, taking advantage of two widely used pairs of human papillomavirus (HPV)-specific PCR primers, MY09/MY11 and GP5/GP6, and 33P-labeled dideoxynucleotides. In this study, 105 pathological specimens were examined: 89% were diagnosed as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade I-III, 76.2% were HPV-positive by PCR-DS. The PCR using GP5/GP6 (first tier) and MY09/MY11 primers (second tier for the GP5/GP6-negative samples) detected additional 15%-25% HPV-positive samples compared with each pair used separately. Direct sequencing was then used to type the HPV. A readout of a sequence as short as 34 nucleotides within a specific region in the L1 gene is sufficient to type known or novel sequences. Because of its high sensitivity and cost-effectiveness, the two-tier PCR-DS was adopted by the authors as the current method of choice for HPV diagnosis with ultimate sequence precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Feoli-Fonseca
- Département de Pathologie, Centre de Recherche, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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11
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Feoli-Fonseca JC, Oligny LL, Filion M, Brochu P, Russo PA, Yotov WV. Direct human papillomavirus (HPV) sequencing method yields a novel HPV in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive Quebec woman and distinguishes a new HPV clade. J Infect Dis 1998; 178:1492-6. [PMID: 9780273 DOI: 10.1086/314461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillomaviruses of supergroup A exhibit genital tropism and are best known as etiologic agents for benign and malignant cervical lesions in women. A polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing approach with P-33-labeled dideoxynucleotides was used to detect and type human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in cervical biopsies. A novel sequence was found in condylomatous specimens from a human immunodeficiency virus-positive French Canadian woman. The viral gene L1 was sequenced completely, yielding a novel HPV type of supergroup A, named JC9710. This is related to a previously described HPV type from New Mexico, CP8061, and to Colobus monkey papillomavirus 1. Sequence similarity searches and phylogenetic analyses with different software packages clustered the three viral types as a new clade, for which the next available number, A15, was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Feoli-Fonseca
- Department of Pathology, Research Center, University of Montreal, Canada
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12
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Feoli-Fonseca JC, Oligny LL, Filion M, Simard P, Russo PA, Yotov WV. JC9813-A putative novel human papillomavirus identified by PCR-DS. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 250:63-7. [PMID: 9735332 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses consist of more than 130 viral types described so far. Most of them are human papillomaviruses (HPV) of supergroup A, demonstrating ano-genital tropism and characterized as etiological agents for benign and malignant cervical lesions in women. A PCR-direct sequencing (PCR-DS) approach with P-33 labeled dideoxynucleotides was used to detect and type human papillomaviruses in cervical biopsies. One novel sequence was identified in a LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions) specimen from an HIV-positive English Canadian patient. The structure of the viral gene L1 was determined, yielding a putative novel HPV type of supergroup A (clade A8) named JC9813.
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Yotov WV, Moreau A, St-Arnaud R. The alpha chain of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex functions as a transcriptional coactivator. Mol Cell Biol 1998; 18:1303-11. [PMID: 9488445 PMCID: PMC108843 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.18.3.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the characterization of clone 1.9.2, a gene expressed in mineralizing osteoblasts. Remarkably, clone 1.9.2 is the murine homolog of the alpha chain of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (alpha-NAC). Based on sequence similarities between alpha-NAC/1.9.2 and transcriptional regulatory proteins and the fact that the heterodimerization partner of alpha-NAC was identified as the transcription factor BTF3b (B. Wiedmann, H. Sakai, T. A. Davis, and M. Wiedmann, Nature 370:434-440, 1994), we investigated a putative role for alpha-NAC/ 1.9.2 in transcriptional control. The alpha-NAC/1.9.2 protein potentiated by 10-fold the activity of the chimeric activator GAL4/VP-16 in vivo. The potentiation was shown to be mediated at the level of gene transcription, because alpha-NAC/1.9.2 increased GAL4/VP-16-mediated mRNA synthesis without affecting the half-life of the GAL4/VP-16 fusion protein. Moreover, the interaction of alpha-NAC/1.9.2 with a transcriptionally defective mutant of GAL4/VP-16 was severely compromised. Specific protein-protein interactions between alpha-NAC/1.9.2 and GAL4/VP-16 were demonstrated by gel retardation, affinity chromatography, and protein blotting assays, while interactions with TATA box-binding protein (TBP) were detected by immunoprecipitation, affinity chromatography, and protein blotting assays. Based on these interactions that define the coactivator class of proteins, we conclude that the alapha-NAC/1.9.2 gene product functions as a transcriptional coactivator.
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Affiliation(s)
- W V Yotov
- Shriners Hospital, and Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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14
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Moreau A, Yotov WV, Glorieux FH, St-Arnaud R. Bone-specific expression of the alpha chain of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex, a coactivator potentiating c-Jun-mediated transcription. Mol Cell Biol 1998; 18:1312-21. [PMID: 9488446 PMCID: PMC108844 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.18.3.1312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The alpha chain of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (alpha-NAC) coactivator was shown to potentiate the activity of the homodimeric c-Jun activator, while transcription mediated by the c-Fos/c-Jun heterodimer was unaffected. The use of deletion mutants in pull-down assays revealed that alpha-NAC interacted with amino acids 1 to 89 of the c-Jun protein and that the coactivator could interact with both the unphosphorylated and the serine 73-phosphorylated form of c-Jun. N-terminal-deleted c-Jun protein failed to interact with alpha-NAC in mammalian two-hybrid assays, while mutant c-Jun proteins lacking the leucine zipper or the basic domain retained interaction with alpha-NAC in vivo. Kinetics studies with purified c-Jun homodimer and recombinant alpha-NAC proteins allowed determination of the mechanism of coactivation by alpha-NAC: the coactivator stabilized the AP-1 complex formed by the c-Jun homodimer on its DNA recognition sequence through an eightfold reduction in the dissociation constant (kd) of the complex. This effect of alpha-NAC was specific, because alpha-NAC could not stabilize the interactions of JunB or Sp1 with their cognate binding sites. Interestingly, the expression of alpha-NAC was first detected at 14.5 to 15 days postconception, concomitantly with the onset of ossification during embryogenesis. The alpha-NAC protein was specifically expressed in differentiated osteoblasts at the centers of ossification. Thus, the alpha-NAC gene product exhibits the properties of a developmentally regulated, bone-specific transcriptional coactivator.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moreau
- Shriners Hospital, and Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cloutier
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Ste-Justine, Départment de Pédiatrie et Programme de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Abstract
NAC (nascent polypeptide-associated complex) was recently purified as an alpha/beta heterodimeric complex binding the newly synthesized polypeptide chains as they emerge from the ribosome. We have identified, cloned, and characterized a muscle-specific isoform of alphaNAC. The 7.0-kb mRNA arises from differential splicing-in of a 6.0 kb-exon giving rise to a proline-rich isoform that we termed skNAC. The skNAC protein was specifically expressed in differentiated myotubes but not in myoblasts. We have identified a specific DNA binding site for skNAC and shown that it can activate transcription through that element. The murine myoglobin promoter contains three putative skNAC-binding sites. skNAC was shown to activate transcription from the myoglobin promoter, and site-specific mutation of the skNAC response elements abrogated skNAC-dependent activation. We also examined the role of the NAC isoforms in the myogenic program. Whereas overexpression of alphaNAC prevented C2C12 differentiation and myotube fusion, the overexpression of skNAC in C2C12 myoblasts led to early fusion of the cells into gigantic myosacs, suggesting that skNAC may be involved in normal differentiation along the myogenic lineage and in the regulation of myoblast fusion. Our data demonstrate that differential splicing converts alphaNAC into a tissue-specific DNA-binding activator and suggest that this regulation may be an important event in the proper control of gene expression during myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W V Yotov
- Genetics Unit, Shriners Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- W V Yotov
- Genetics Unit, Shriners Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Yotov WV, St-Arnaud R. Mapping of the human gene for the alpha-NAC/1.9.2 (NACA/1.9.2) transcriptional coactivator to Chromosome 12q23-24.1. Mamm Genome 1996; 7:163-4. [PMID: 8835540 DOI: 10.1007/bf03035343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W V Yotov
- Genetics Unit, Shriners Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Abstract
The alpha subunit of the mitochondrial ATP synthase is part of the F1 enzymatic complex known to bind ADP, phosphate and ATP and is at the heart of the mitochondrial energy-producing mechanism. The mouse embryonal carcinoma variant of the alpha subunit cDNA was cloned and the complete nucleotide sequences of two different lengths of clones were determined. Two distinct polyadenylation sites in the cDNA sequence were detected and two sizes of mRNAs were confirmed by Northern blot hybridization. Two putative ATP-binding motifs - A and B, have been hypothesized for this enzyme based on previous NMR work on another ATP-binding enzyme, adenylate kinase. We have constructed four deletion mutants of the alpha subunit of the mouse F1-ATP synthase to examine the putative role of these domains. The resulting recombinant proteins were expressed and purified. Functional studies with the immobilized mutants proved the significance of both sites for ATP binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- W V Yotov
- Genetics Unit, Shriners Hospital for Crippled Children, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- W V Yotov
- Division of Surgical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Klimov AI, Cox NJ, Yotov WV, Rocha E, Alexandrova GI, Kendal AP. Sequence changes in the live attenuated, cold-adapted variants of influenza A/Leningrad/134/57 (H2N2) virus. Virology 1992; 186:795-7. [PMID: 1733114 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(92)90050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide sequences were determined for the RNA segments coding for proteins other than the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of the A/Leningrad/134/57 (H2N2) wild-type (A/Len/wt) virus and its two cold-adapted (ca) and attenuated variants, A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (A/Len/17/ca) and A/Leningrad/134/47/57 (A/Len/47/ca) that are used in the U.S.S.R. in the preparation of reassortant live attenuated vaccines. Ten nucleotide differences were detected between the sequences of the A/Len/wt and A/Len/17/ca viruses; of these, eight were deduced to encode amino acid (aa) substitutions. One aa substitution each was predicted for the PB2, M1, M2, and NS2 proteins, whereas two aa substitutions each were predicted for the PB1, and PA proteins of the A/Len/17/ca virus. Four additional nucleotide changes were found in the genome of the A/Len/47/ca virus; three of these were detected to code for one additional aa substitution each for the PB2, PB1, and NP proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Klimov
- Research Institute for Viral Preparations, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow
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