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Pabuprapap W, Chaichompoo W, Chulrik W, Chunglok W, Thothaisong T, Denlumpai P, Namdaung U, Suksamrarn A. Potent nitric oxide inhibitory sesquiterpenoids from the rhizome of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1739-1747. [PMID: 37317836 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2222219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
One new sesquiterpenoid, curcaromatin (1), together with twenty-one known compounds 2-22, were isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. (Zingiberaceae). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR and HR-MS) analysis. Most of the isolated compounds were investigated for nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells. (-)-Xanthorrhizol (3) displayed the strongest NO inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 4.3 μM, which was 3.7-fold more active than the reference compound, aminoguanidine (IC50 15.9 μM). The selectivity index (SI > 28.1) of compound 3 was almost 3-fold higher than that of aminoguanidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wachirachai Pabuprapap
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waraluck Chaichompoo
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanatsanan Chulrik
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Teerawut Thothaisong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panida Denlumpai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Umalee Namdaung
- Herbal and Cannabis Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
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2
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Singh S, Supaweera N, Nwabor OF, Chaichompoo W, Suksamrarn A, Chittasupho C, Chunglok W. Poly (vinyl alcohol)-gelatin-sericin copolymerized film fortified with vesicle-entrapped demethoxycurcumin/bisdemethoxycurcumin for improved stability, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and skin tissue regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:129071. [PMID: 38159707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Vesicle delivery carriers, used to stabilize hydrophobic drugs, are characterized by the propensity to aggregate, and fuse, limiting its applications. Fortifying vesicle-entrapped drugs within a biodegradable polymeric film constitutes a promising solution. In this study, biodegradable poly (vinyl alcohol) copolymerized with gelatin-sericin film and integrated alongside vesicle-entrapped demethoxycurcumin (DMC) or bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) was developed, extensively characterized for improve efficacy, and compared. Vesicle-entrapped DMC or BDMC was spherical in shape with no changes in size, zeta-potential, and morphology after storing at 4 °C for 30 days. Antibacterial activity of vesicle-entrapped DMC formulations against Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus epidermidis was more effective than that of its free form. DMC and BDMC demonstrated dose dependent reduction in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) levels either in free or in entrapped form. Moreover, vesicle-entrapped DMC/BDMC suppressed NO production at lower concentrations, compared with that of their free form and significantly improved the viability of RAW264.7 and HaCaT cells. Furthermore, functionalized film with vesicle-entrapped DMC/BDMC demonstrated excellent radical scavenging, biocompatibility, and cell migration efficacy. Thus, incorporating vesicle, entrapped DMC/BDMC within biodegradable polymeric film may comprised a promising strategy for improving stability, wound healing, and inflammation attenuation efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Singh
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nassareen Supaweera
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Ozioma F Nwabor
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Waraluck Chaichompoo
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Chuda Chittasupho
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
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3
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Chulrik W, Jansakun C, Chaichompoo W, Supaweera N, Tedasen A, Punsawad C, Kimseng R, Rayanil KO, Suksamrarn A, Chunglok W. Protective effects of Stephania pierrei tuber-derived oxocrebanine against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01231-y. [PMID: 37129718 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01231-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) have high mortality rates. Though corticosteroids are commonly used for the treatment of these conditions, their efficacy has not been conclusively demonstrated and their use can induce various adverse reactions. Hence, the application of corticosteroids as therapeutic modalities for ALI/ARDS is limited. Meanwhile, the aporphine alkaloid oxocrebanine isolated from Stephania pierrei tubers has demonstrated anti-inflammatory efficacy in murine/human macrophage cell lines stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Accordingly, the primary objectives of the present study are to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of oxocrebanine on LPS-induced murine alveolar epithelial (MLE-12) cells and its efficacy against LPS-induced murine ALI. Results show that oxocrebanine downregulates the abundance of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, as well as the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, protein kinase B (Akt), and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta signalling proteins in LPS-induced MLE-12 cells. Moreover, in a murine ALI model, oxocrebanine lowers lung injury scores and lung wet/dry weight ratios while reducing inflammatory cell infiltration. It also suppresses LPS-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma. Moreover, oxocrebanine downregulates NF-κB, SAPK/JNK, p38, and Akt phosphorylation in the lung tissues of LPS-treated mice. Taken together, the foregoing results show that oxocrebanine provides significant protection against LPS-induced ALI in mice primarily by suppressing various inflammatory signalling pathways in alveolar epithelial cells and lung tissues. Hence, oxocrebanine might prove effective as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanatsanan Chulrik
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Chutima Jansakun
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Waraluck Chaichompoo
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nassareen Supaweera
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Aman Tedasen
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Chuchard Punsawad
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Rungruedi Kimseng
- Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Kanok-On Rayanil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, 73000, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
- Food Technology and Innovation Center of Excellence, Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
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4
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Jansakun C, Chulrik W, Hata J, Utaipan T, Pabuprapap W, Supaweera N, Mueangson O, Suksamrarn A, Chunglok W. Trihydroxyxanthones from the heartwood of Maclura cochinchinensis modulate M1/M2 macrophage polarisation and enhance surface TLR4. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:529-541. [PMID: 36580158 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory actions of phytochemicals have attracted much attention due to the current state of numerous inflammatory disorders. Thai traditional medicine uses Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner to treat chronic fever and various inflammatory diseases, as well as to maintain normal lymphatic function. Five flavonoids and five xanthones were isolated from the heartwood of M. cochinchinensis and we investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of the isolated compounds. All isolated compounds possessed an anti-inflammatory effect by decreasing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophages with varying degrees of potency. The greatest decrease in M1 inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide, PGE2, and proinflammatory cytokines was observed with 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone and 1,3,5-trihydroxyxanthone treatment of LPS-activated macrophages. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of the two xanthones is mediated by the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B expression and the upregulation of M2 anti-inflammatory signalling proteins phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ. 1,3,7-Trihydroxyxanthone exhibits superior induction of anti-inflammatory M2 mediator of LPS-activated macrophages by upregulating arginase1 expression. Following the resolution of inflammation, the two xanthones enhanced surface TLR4 expression compared to LPS-stimulated cells, possibly preserving macrophage function. Our research highlights the role of the two xanthones in modulating the M1/M2 macrophage polarisation to reduce inflammation and retain surface TLR4 once inflammation has been resolved. These findings support the use of xanthones for their anti-inflammatory effects in treating inflammatory dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Jansakun
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Wanatsanan Chulrik
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Janejira Hata
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Tanyarath Utaipan
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Wachirachai Pabuprapap
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Nassareen Supaweera
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Onchuma Mueangson
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
- Food Technology and Innovation Center of Excellence, Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence , Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
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5
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Jansakun C, Chunglok W, Altamura S, Muckenthaler M, Staffer S, Tuma-Kellner S, Merle U, Chamulitrat W. Myeloid- and hepatocyte-specific deletion of group VIA calcium-independent phospholipase A2 leads to dichotomous opposing phenotypes during MCD diet-induced NASH. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166590. [PMID: 36334837 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms of phospholipase A2VIA (iPLA2β or PLA2G6) are associated with body weights and blood C-reactive protein. The role of iPLA2β/PLA2G6 in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is still elusive because female iPla2β-null mice showed attenuated hepatic steatosis but exacerbated hepatic fibrosis after feeding with methionine- and choline-deficient diet (MCDD). Herein, female mice with myeloid- (MPla2g6-/-) and hepatocyte- (LPla2g6-/-) specific PLA2G6 deletion were generated and phenotyped after MCDD feeding. Without any effects on hepatic steatosis, MCDD-fed MPla2g6-/- mice showed further exaggeration of liver inflammation and fibrosis as well as elevation of plasma TNFα, CCL2, and circulating monocytes. Bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from MPla2g6-/- mice displayed upregulation of PPARγ and CEBPα proteins, and elevated release of IL6 and CXCL1 under LPS stimulation. LPS-stimulated BMDMs from MCDD-fed MPla2g6-/- mice showed suppressed expression of M1 Tnfa and Il6, but marked upregulation of M2 Arg1, Chil3, IL10, and IL13 as well as chemokine receptors Ccr2 and Ccr5. This in vitro shift was associated with exaggeration of hepatic M1/M2 cytokines, chemokines/chemokine receptors, and fibrosis genes. Contrarily, MCDD-fed LPla2g6-/- mice showed a complete protection which was associated with upregulation of Ppara/PPARα and attenuated expression of Pparg/PPARγ, fatty-acid uptake, triglyceride synthesis, and de novo lipogenesis genes. Interestingly, LPla2g6-/- mice fed with chow or MCDD displayed an attenuation of blood monocytes and elevation of anti-inflammatory lipoxin A4 in plasma and liver. Thus, PLA2G6 inactivation specifically in myeloid cells and hepatocytes led to opposing phenotypes in female mice undergoing NASH. Hepatocyte-specific PLA2G6 inhibitors may be further developed for treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Jansakun
- Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Sandro Altamura
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Muckenthaler
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Staffer
- Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Tuma-Kellner
- Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Merle
- Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walee Chamulitrat
- Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Chokchaisiri R, Thothaisong T, Chunglok W, Chulrik W, Yotnoi B, Chokchaisiri S, Ganranoo L, Cheenpracha S, Thepmalee C, Suksamrarn A. Marginaols G-M, anti-inflammatory isopimarane diterpenoids, from the rhizomes of Kaempferia marginata. Phytochemistry 2022; 200:113225. [PMID: 35537529 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Marginaols G-M, a series of undescribed isopimarane diterpenoids, together with four known analogs were isolated from the rhizomes of Kaempferia marginata. The structures of these isolated compounds were characterized using high-resolution mass spectrometry and extensive 1D- and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. In addition, the absolute configurations of marginaol G and H were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis and comparison with the literature values. When compared to the standard drug dexamethasone (IC50 4.7 μM), marginaol G, H, and 6β-acetoxysandaracopimaradien-1α,9α-diol had an intriguing anti-inflammatory effect on NO inhibition in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values ranging from 4.5 to 7.3 μM and being less cytotoxic to the cells. The anti-inflammatory action of these isopimarane diterpenoids from K. marginata supports the use of Thai traditional medicine for inflammation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teerawut Thothaisong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80161, Thailand
| | - Wanatsanan Chulrik
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80161, Thailand
| | - Bunlawee Yotnoi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Suwadee Chokchaisiri
- College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram, 75000, Thailand
| | - Lucksagoon Ganranoo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Sarot Cheenpracha
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Chutamas Thepmalee
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
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7
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Chulrik W, Jansakun C, Chaichompoo W, Tedasen A, Yotmanee P, Sattayakhom A, Chunglok W, Suksamrarn A, Chunglok W. Oxocrebanine from Stephania pierrei exerts macrophage anti-inflammatory effects by downregulating the NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1369-1382. [PMID: 35831735 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived medicinal compounds are increasingly being used to treat acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, which are generally caused by aberrant inflammatory responses. Stephania pierrei Diels, also known as Sabu-lueat in Thai, is a traditional medicinal plant that is used as a remedy for several inflammatory disorders. Since aporphine alkaloids isolated from S. pierrei tubers exhibit diverse pharmacological characteristics, we aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of crude extracts and alkaloids isolated from S. pierrei tubers against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. Notably, the n-hexane extract strongly suppressed nitric oxide (NO) while exhibiting reduced cytotoxicity. Among the five alkaloids isolated from the n-hexane extract, the aporphine alkaloid oxocrebanine exerted considerable anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NO secretion. Oxocrebanine also significantly suppressed prostaglandin E2, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein expression by inactivating the nuclear factor κB, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt inflammatory signalling pathways. Molecular docking analysis further revealed that oxocrebanine has a higher affinity for toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 signalling targets and the COX-2 protein than native ligands. Thus, our findings highlight the potential anti-inflammatory effects of oxocrebanine and suggest that certain alkaloids of S. pierrei could be used to treat inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanatsanan Chulrik
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Chutima Jansakun
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Waraluck Chaichompoo
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Aman Tedasen
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Pathumwadee Yotmanee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Apsorn Sattayakhom
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Wilanee Chunglok
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand. .,Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Research and Innovation, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
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8
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Kongpol K, Chaihao P, Shuapan P, Kongduk P, Chunglok W, Yusakul G. Therapeutic hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents of menthol and fatty acid for enhancing anti-inflammation effects of curcuminoids and curcumin on RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17443-17453. [PMID: 35765438 PMCID: PMC9189865 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01782b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to their water insolubility, low stability, and poor absorption, anti-inflammatory curcuminoids (CUN) are difficult to be extracted and delivered to the action site. As a result, therapeutic hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs), containing menthol and fatty acids (capric, caprylic, and oleic acids), are being developed for CUN solubilization and delivery. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of various combinations of HDESs with CUN and curcumin (CUR) were investigated on RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The results showed that CUN can be solubilized using the HDESs. The HDESs of oleic acid (OLA) : menthol (1 : 2, 1 : 1, and 2 : 1 molar ratios) exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, and OLA : menthol (1 : 1 molar ratio) increased the anti-inflammatory effects of CUR. The cytotoxicity of CUN and CUR was also lowered when combined with some OLA : menthol HDESs. The combination of OLA, menthol, and CUR entirely suppressed NO secretion without significant cytotoxicity. These results clearly indicate the potential of HDESs to solubilize CUN and impart anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, these solvents could replace organic solvents for CUN extraction, with the added benefit of being therapeutic, biodegradable, and safe for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantapich Kongpol
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand.,Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Product, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Preenapan Chaihao
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Parichat Shuapan
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Ploypailin Kongduk
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Gorawit Yusakul
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand +66-75-67-2839.,Biomass and Oil Palm Center of Excellence, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
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9
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Supaweera N, Chulrik W, Jansakun C, Bhoopong P, Yusakul G, Chunglok W. Therapeutic deep eutectic solvent-based microemulsion enhances anti-inflammatory efficacy of curcuminoids and aromatic-turmerone extracted from Curcuma longa L. RSC Adv 2022; 12:25912-25922. [PMID: 36199617 PMCID: PMC9465700 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03656h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To diminish chemical waste and improve the delivery of Curcuma longa L. (CL) constituents, microemulsions based on hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) were designed as ready-to-use solvents for CL extraction. The microemulsion (ME) of the ME-23 formulation (HDES/Tween 80 : propylene glycol (1 : 1)/water, 25/70/5) displayed CL extraction yields of 1.69, 3.04, 7.36, and 1.39 wt% of bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, curcumin, and aromatic-turmerone, respectively. The ME-23 without CL chemical constituents and ME-23-based CL extract inhibited NO production with an IC50 value of 0.0136 ± 0.0023%v/v and a curcumin IC50 value of 75.2 ± 6.7 nM, respectively, and simultaneously lowered inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β production in lipopolysaccharide-activated murine macrophages. Authentic curcumin in ME-23 possessed superior NO inhibitory activity, which was 103-fold more effective than curcumin prepared in the conventional solvent dimethyl sulfoxide. ME-23 was also capable of delivering curcumin into murine macrophages. After 30 days of storage in HDES and HDES-based ME, curcumin remained more than 90%. ME-23 provides advantages for CL extraction, constituent delivery, and anti-inflammatory functions that can be applied to pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. A novel HDES-based microemulsion system with anti-inflammatory activity serves as an extraction solvent of Curcuma longa L.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassareen Supaweera
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Wanatsanan Chulrik
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Chutima Jansakun
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Phuangthip Bhoopong
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Gorawit Yusakul
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
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10
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Kamdee K, Panadsako N, Mueangson O, Nuinoon M, Janwan P, Poonsawat W, Pongpanitanont P, Kitkumthorn N, Thongsroy J, Chunglok W. Promoter polymorphism of TNF-α (rs1800629) is associated with ischemic stroke susceptibility in a southern Thai population. Biomed Rep 2021; 15:78. [PMID: 34405050 PMCID: PMC8329996 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke represents the leading cause of disability and mortality amongst the elderly worldwide. Multiple risk factors, including both genetic and non-genetic components, as well as their interactions, are proposed as etiological factors involved in the development of ischemic stroke (IS). Promoter polymorphisms of the IL-6-174G/C (rs1800795) and TNF-α-308G/A (rs1800629) genes have been considered as predictive risk factors of IS; however, these have not yet been evaluated in a Thai population. The aims of this study were to investigate the association of IL-6-174G/C and TNF-α-308G/A polymorphisms with IS. Genomic DNA from 200 patients with IS and 200 controls were genotyped for IL-6-174G/C and TNF-α-308G/A polymorphisms using TaqMan™ SNP genotyping and quantitative PCR-high resolution melting analysis, respectively. It was found that the TNF-α-308 A allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of IS development compared with the G allele [odds ratio (OR)=2.044; 95% CI=1.154-3.620; P=0.014]. Moreover, the IS risk was significantly higher in the presence of TNF-α-308 GA or AA genotypes compared with that in the presence of GG genotypes with a dominant inheritance (OR=1.971; 95% CI=1.080-3.599; P=0.027). However, there was no association between IL-6-174G/C and the risk of IS development. The interaction study demonstrated that IL-6-174 GG and TNF-α-308 GG genotypes enhanced IS susceptibility when combined with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and alcohol consumption. Hypertensive and hyperlipidemic subjects with the TNF-α-308 GA and AA genotypes were more likely to develop IS compared with those who did not have these two conditions and had the GG genotype. In a matched study design (1:1), the IL-6-174 GC genotype was associated with higher IL-6 levels in the control group. Collectively, the present results highlight the utility of the TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism as a predictive genetic risk factor for development of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornyok Kamdee
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Nitirat Panadsako
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Onchuma Mueangson
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Manit Nuinoon
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Penchom Janwan
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Wasinee Poonsawat
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | | | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jirapan Thongsroy
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.,Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Research and Innovation, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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11
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Jansakun C, Chulrik W, Chaichompoo W, Yotmanee P, Lehboon K, Chunglok W, Sattayakhom A, Hiransai P, Kamdee K, Utaipan T, Suksamrarn A, Chunglok W. 1,7‑Bis(4‑hydroxy‑3‑methoxyphenyl)‑1,4,6‑heptatrien‑3‑one alleviates lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation by targeting NF‑κB translocation in murine macrophages and it interacts with MD2 in silico. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:209. [PMID: 33495830 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Trienones are curcuminoid analogues and are minor constituents in the rhizomes of numerous Curcuma plant species. Studies investigating the biological activities of trienones, particularly their anti‑inflammatory activities, are limited. In the present study, the trienone 1,7‑bis(4‑hydroxy‑3‑methoxyphenyl)‑1,4,6‑heptatrien‑3‑one (HMPH) was structurally modified from curcumin using a novel and concise method. HMPH was shown to exhibit potential anti‑inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑activated RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, LPS‑induced nitric oxide secretion in RAW264.7 cells was markedly and dose‑dependently inhibited by HMPH; in addition, HMPH had a greater efficacy compared with curcumin. This inhibition was accompanied by the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase‑2 expression, as well as pro‑inflammatory cytokine secretion. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the anti‑inflammatory effects of HMPH, the effects of this compound on nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) translocation were assessed. HMPH significantly inhibited the translocation of p65 NF‑κB into the nucleus to a greater extent than curcumin, thus indicating that HMPH has more potent anti‑inflammatory activity than curcumin. In addition, an in silico modelling study revealed that HMPH possessed stronger binding energy to myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) compared with that of curcumin, and indicated that the anti‑inflammatory effects of HMPH may be through upstream inhibition of the inflammatory pathway. In conclusion, HMPH may be considered a promising compound for reducing inflammation via targeting p65 NF‑κB translocation and interfering with MD2 binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Jansakun
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Wanatsanan Chulrik
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Waraluck Chaichompoo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Pathumwadee Yotmanee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Kanokporn Lehboon
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Wilanee Chunglok
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Apsorn Sattayakhom
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Poonsit Hiransai
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Kornyok Kamdee
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Tanyarath Utaipan
- Department of Pre‑Clinic, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani 94000, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
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12
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Mueangson O, Vongvaivanichakul P, Kamdee K, Jansakun C, Chulrik W, Pongpanitanont P, Sathirapanya P, Chunglok W. Malondialdehyde as a Useful Biomarker of Low Hand Grip Strength in Community-Dwelling Stroke Patients. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17217918. [PMID: 33126675 PMCID: PMC7663701 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of muscle strength by hand grip strength (HGS) is used to evaluate muscle weakness and wasting among stroke patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of oxidative stress/oxidative damage and inflammatory biomarkers with muscle strength and wasting, as evaluated by HGS, among community-dwelling post-stroke patients. The HGS of both paretic and non-paretic limbs was negatively associated with modified Rankin scale (mRS) values. The serum levels of catalase activity and malondialdehyde (MDA), and plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were significantly increased in post-stroke patients compared with non-stroke controls. Further analysis highlighted that hydrogen peroxide was positively correlated with HGS in the paretic limbs. Interestingly, an elevated MDA level, excluding advanced age and high mRS, increased the risk of low HGS in the non-paretic limbs of stroke patients. This study suggests that there is a detrimental association between MDA and muscle strength and early muscle wasting among post-stroke patients. Hence, MDA is a potentially useful biomarker of muscle weakness and wasting in post-stroke patients living in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onchuma Mueangson
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Institute for Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand; (O.M.); (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.J.); (W.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Parinya Vongvaivanichakul
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Institute for Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand; (O.M.); (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.J.); (W.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Kornyok Kamdee
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Institute for Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand; (O.M.); (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.J.); (W.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Chutima Jansakun
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Institute for Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand; (O.M.); (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.J.); (W.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Wanatsanan Chulrik
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Institute for Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand; (O.M.); (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.J.); (W.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Pongphan Pongpanitanont
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Institute for Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand; (O.M.); (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.J.); (W.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Pornchai Sathirapanya
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Institute for Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand; (O.M.); (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.J.); (W.C.); (P.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-7567-2681
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13
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Phupong C, Suenaga M, Bhoopong P, Chunglok W, Jaritngam G, Karak M, Yoshida K, Phupong W, Torikai K. Precise 1H- and 13C-NMR reassignment of dehydrocrebanine by 10-mg INADEQUATE and in silico analysis: With an alert for its toxicity. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Somchit N, Kimseng R, Dhar R, Hiransai P, Changtam C, Suksamrarn A, Chunglok W, Chunglok W. Curcumin pyrazole blocks lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via suppression of JNK activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2020; 36:184-190. [PMID: 29246079 DOI: 10.12932/ap-130417-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting inflammatory macrophages and their products is an effective method for controlling inflammation. The pyrazole analog of curcumin (curcumin pyrazole, PYR) has been reported to possess superior anti-inflammatory activity to curcumin (CUR). However, the role of PYR anti-inflammatory activity in macrophages has not yet been elucidated. OBJECTIVE To examine the anti-inflammatory effects of PYR and CUR in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages and determine the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in their activity. METHODS Nitrite level was investigated by the Griess assay. The expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and MAPK proteins were analyzed by western blot analysis. The pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS LPS-induced NO secretion in RAW 264.7 macrophages was potently inhibited by PYR (IC50 = 3.7 ± 0.16 μM), at a higher efficacy than CUR (IC50 = 11.0 ± 0.59 μM). Treatment with identical concentrations of PYR and CUR demonstrated that PYR drastically inhibited iNOS and COX-2 expression, whereas CUR only blocked COX-2. PYR reduced the LPS-induced secretion of TNF-α to a greater extent than CUR and both similarly reduced IL-1β and IL-6 levels. Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK was significantly decreased in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages upon PYR but not CUR treatment. CONCLUSION PYR exhibited a more potent anti-inflammatory activity than CUR. This activity is partly mediated by PYR-depended inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway and underscores the utility of PYR as an anti-inflammatory agent in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathnarin Somchit
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Biology Research Unit, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Rungruedee Kimseng
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Biology Research Unit, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Rana Dhar
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Biology Research Unit, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Poonsit Hiransai
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Biology Research Unit, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chatchawan Changtam
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Samutprakarn, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wilanee Chunglok
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Biology Research Unit, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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15
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Chokchaisiri R, Chaichompoo W, Chunglok W, Cheenpracha S, Ganranoo L, Phutthawong N, Bureekaew S, Suksamrarn A. Isopimarane Diterpenoids from the Rhizomes of Kaempferia marginata and Their Potential Anti-inflammatory Activities. J Nat Prod 2020; 83:14-19. [PMID: 31873014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Six new isopimarane diterpenes, marginaols A-F (1-6), along with eight known compounds (7-14), were isolated from the rhizomes of Kaempferia marginata. The structures and absolute configurations of 1-6 were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods and the experimental and calculated ECD data as well as comparison with the literature values. Most of the isolated compounds were tested for their nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory effects in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 cells. Among them, marginaol B (2) was found to reduce NO levels in murine macrophage cells with an IC50 value of 28.1 ± 1.7 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waraluck Chaichompoo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Ramkhamhaeng University , Bangkok 10240 , Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Institute for Health Sciences , Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161 , Thailand
| | - Sarot Cheenpracha
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , University of Phayao , Muang, Phayao 56000 , Thailand
| | - Lucksagoon Ganranoo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , University of Phayao , Muang, Phayao 56000 , Thailand
| | - Nathaporn Phutthawong
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , University of Phayao , Muang, Phayao 56000 , Thailand
| | - Sareeya Bureekaew
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering , Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) , Wangchan, Rayong 21210 , Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Ramkhamhaeng University , Bangkok 10240 , Thailand
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16
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Suebsakwong P, Chulrik W, Chunglok W, Li JX, Yao ZJ, Suksamrarn A. New triterpenoid saponin glycosides from the fruit fibers ofTrichosanthes cucumerinaL. RSC Adv 2020; 10:10461-10470. [PMID: 35492927 PMCID: PMC9050392 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01176b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Five new triterpenoid saponin glycosides, trichocucumerisides A–E (1–5), together with eleven known compounds (6–16) were isolated from Trichosanthes cucumerina fruit fibers. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by detailed analysis of NMR and mass spectroscopic data as well as chemical reactions. The anti-inflammatory study against nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells shows that compounds 7 and 9 exhibited stronger NO inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 3.0 and 2.7 μM, respectively, with comparison to positive references Celecoxib and aminoguanidine (IC50 values 75.7 and 75.0 μM, respectively). Compounds 7 and 9 also possessed a greater selectivity index (SI) of approximately 3–4-fold activity than that of the positive references. The new glycosides 1–5, together with eleven known compounds were isolated. Two compounds exhibited more potent anti-inflammatory activity than Celecoxib and aminoguanidine reference compounds.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichat Suebsakwong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Ramkhamhaeng University
- Bangkok 10240
- Thailand
| | - Wanatsanan Chulrik
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Institute for Health Sciences
- Walailak University
- Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161
- Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Institute for Health Sciences
- Walailak University
- Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161
- Thailand
| | - Jian-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Zhu-Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Ramkhamhaeng University
- Bangkok 10240
- Thailand
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17
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Utaipan T, Suksamrarn A, Kaemchantuek P, Chokchaisiri R, Stremmel W, Chamulitrat W, Chunglok W. Diterpenoid trigonoreidon B isolated from Trigonostemon reidioides alleviates inflammation in models of LPS-stimulated murine macrophages and inflammatory liver injury in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:961-971. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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18
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Meechai I, Phupong W, Chunglok W, Meepowpan P. Dihydroosajaxanthone: A New Natural Xanthone from the Branches of Garcinia Schomburgkiana Pierre. Iran J Pharm Res 2018; 17:1347-1352. [PMID: 30568693 PMCID: PMC6269574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
Garcinia schomburgkiana, locally known in Thailand as an edible fruit "Ma-dan", is a plant species of the Clusiaceae family which has been reported as sources of a variety of compounds with biological activities. In the phytochemical studies of Ma-dan, four xanthones were, for the very first time, isolated from the branch acetone extract of G. schomburgkiana. Their structures were determined through the analysis of spectroscopic data (1H, 13C-NMR, IR and MS) and the comparison with those previously reported. Dihydroosajaxanthone (1), an original synthetic xanthone, is reported herein for the first time as a naturally occurring xanthone, together with three known xanthones: xanthochymone A (2), 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl) xanthone (3) and 1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone (4). These compounds, especially dihydroosajaxanthone (1), might be considered as chemotaxonomic markers of the Garcinia genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imron Meechai
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80161, Thailand.
| | - Worrapong Phupong
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80161, Thailand. ,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80161 Thailand.
| | - Puttinan Meepowpan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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19
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Dhar R, Kimseng R, Chokchaisiri R, Hiransai P, Utaipan T, Suksamrarn A, Chunglok W. 2′,4-Dihydroxy-3′,4′,6′-trimethoxychalcone from Chromolaena odorata possesses anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of NF-κB and p38 MAPK in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2017; 40:43-51. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2017.1405437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Dhar
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Rungruedee Kimseng
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | | | - Poonsit Hiransai
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Tanyarath Utaipan
- Department of Pre-Clinic, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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20
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Chaichompoo W, Chokchaisiri R, Apiratikul N, Chairoungdua A, Yingyongnarongkul BE, Chunglok W, Tocharus C, Suksamrarn A. Cytotoxic alkaloids against human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (HT-29) from the seed embryos of Nelumbo nucifera. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Kaemchantuek P, Chokchaisiri R, Prabpai S, Kongsaeree P, Chunglok W, Utaipan T, Chamulitrat W, Suksamrarn A. Terpenoids with potent antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Trigonostemon reidioides roots. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Utaipan T, Athipornchai A, Suksamrarn A, Chunsrivirot S, Chunglok W. Isomahanine induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and simultaneously triggers p38 MAPK-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in multidrug-resistant human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:1243-1252. [PMID: 28075474 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is typically aggressive and closely correlated with disease recurrence and poor survival. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the most critical problem leading to therapeutic failure. Investigation of novel anticancer candidates targeting multidrug-resistant OSCC cells may provide a basis for developing effective strategies for OSCC treatment. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanism of a carbazole alkaloid, namely isomahanine, in a multidrug‑resistant OSCC cell line CLS-354/DX. We demonstrated that CLS-354/DX cells overexpressing multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) were resistant to anticancer drugs cisplatin and camptothecin. Isomahanine effectively induced cytotoxicity against CLS-354/DX cells regardless of resistance. Apoptosis as determined by FITC‑Annexin V/PI staining and western blot analysis of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase (PARP) was significantly induced in a time-dependent manner upon isomahanine treatment. Isomahanine-induced caspase‑dependent apoptosis was determined using z-VAD‑fmk. The effects on autophagy in isomahanine-treated cells were investigated via conversion of LC3B and degradation of p62/SQSTM1 (p62). Isomahanine obviously induced autophagic flux as shown by an increase in punctate GFP-LC3B and the LC3B-II/LC3B-I ratio with a concomitant decrease in p62 levels. Autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and chloroquine (CQ) protected isomahanine-induced cell death, indicating the activation of autophagic cell death. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and MAPK activation were examined to elucidate the mechanism underlying cell death. The expression levels of PERK, CHOP and phosphorylated MAPK (p38, ERK1/2 and JNK1/2) were upregulated following isomahanine treatment. We found that p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) significantly attenuated isomahanine-induced apoptosis and autophagic flux and this prevented cell death. Collectively, the present study demonstrated that isomahanine was able to induce ER stress and trigger p38 MAPK-mediated apoptosis and autophagic cell death in multidrug-resistant OSCC cells. The potential cytotoxic action of isomahanine may provide the development of anticancer candidates for treating multidrug-resistant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyarath Utaipan
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Anan Athipornchai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Surasak Chunsrivirot
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Group and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
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23
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Utaipan T, Athipornchai A, Suksamrarn A, Jirachotikoon C, Yuan X, Lertcanawanichakul M, Chunglok W. Carbazole alkaloids from Murraya koenigii trigger apoptosis and autophagic flux inhibition in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. J Nat Med 2016; 71:158-169. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-016-1045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Meechai I, Phupong W, Chunglok W, Meepowpan P. Antioxidant Properties and Phytochemical Contents of Garcinia schomburgkiana Pierre. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7324/japs.2016.60618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Somchit M, Changtam C, Kimseng R, Utaipan T, Lertcanawanichakul M, Suksamrarn A, Chunglok W. Demethoxycurcumin from Curcuma longa rhizome suppresses iNOS induction in an in vitro inflamed human intestinal mucosa model. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:1807-10. [PMID: 24641413 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.4.1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/nitric oxide (NO) plays an integral role during intestinal inflammation, an important factor for colon cancer development. Natural compounds from Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae) have long been a potential source of bioactive materials with various beneficial biological functions. Among them, a major active curcuminoid, demethoxycurcumin (DMC) has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages or microglia cells. However, the role of DMC on iNOS expression and NO production in an in vitro inflamed human intestinal mucosa model has not yet been elucidated. This study concerned inhibitory effects on iNOS expression and NO production of DMC in inflamed human intestinal Caco-2 cells. An in vitro model was generated and inhibitory effects on NO production of DMC at 65 μM for 24-96 h were assessed by monitoring nitrite levels. Expression of iNOS mRNA and protein was also investigated. DMC significantly decreased NO secretion by 35-41% in our inflamed cell model. Decrease in NO production by DMC was concomitant with down-regulation of iNOS at mRNA and protein levels compared to proinflammatory cytokine cocktail and LPS-treated controls. Mechanism of action of DMC may be partly due to its potent inhibition of the iNOS pathway. Our findings suggest that DMC may have potential as a therapeutic agent against inflammation-related diseases, especially in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayura Somchit
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand E-mail :
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26
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Sattayakhom A, Chunglok W, Ittarat W, Chamulitrat W. Study designs to investigate Nox1 acceleration of neoplastic progression in immortalized human epithelial cells by selection of differentiation resistant cells. Redox Biol 2013; 2:140-7. [PMID: 24494188 PMCID: PMC3909263 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the role of NADPH oxidase homolog Nox1 at an early step of cell transformation, we utilized human gingival mucosal keratinocytes immortalized by E6/E7 of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (GM16) to generate progenitor cell lines either by chronic ethanol exposure or overexpression with Nox1. Among several cobblestone epithelial cell lines obtained, two distinctive spindle cell lines - FIB and NuB1 cells were more progressively transformed exhibiting tubulogenesis and anchorage-independent growth associated with increased invasiveness. These spindle cells acquired molecular markers of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) including mesenchymal vimentin and simple cytokeratins (CK) 8 and 18 as well as myogenic alpha-smooth muscle actin and caldesmon. By overexpression and knockdown experiments, we showed that Nox1 on a post-translational level regulated the stability of CK18 in an ROS-, phosphorylation- and PKCepilon-dependent manner. PKCepilon may thus be used as a therapeutic target for EMT inhibition. Taken together, Nox1 accelerates neoplastic progression by regulating structural intermediate filaments leading to EMT of immortalized human gingival epithelial cells.
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Key Words
- AIG, anchorage-independent growth
- CK, cytokeratin
- Cobblestone cells
- Cytokeratins
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- EMT
- EMT, epithelial mesenchymal transition
- GM, gingival mucosal
- HPV, human papillomavirus
- IAP, inhibitor of apoptosis protein
- Immortalized gingival keratinocytes
- Intermediate filaments
- Invasion
- MEF2, myocyte enhancing factor 2
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinases
- Nox, NAD(P)H oxidase
- PMA, 12-O- tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Spindle cells
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Apsorn Sattayakhom
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Wanida Ittarat
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Walee Chamulitrat
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Heidelberg Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Chunglok W, Ittarat W, Tomakidi P, Schmidt R, Stremmel W, Chamulitrat W. Human gingival mucosal keratinocytes exhibiting anchorage-independent growth express increased inducible nitric oxide synthase: regulation by MAP kinases. Nitric Oxide 2005; 11:237-46. [PMID: 15566970 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2004.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2004] [Revised: 08/16/2004] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has been implicated in cancer formation because of its vast presence cancer tissues. Studies to support such a role during transformation of human cells are very limited. We have developed a cell culture system, which renders a more transformed epithelial phenotype. The model cells generated from immortalized human gingival mucosal (GM) keratinocytes are consisted of less transformed epithelial-like (EPI) cells and more transformed fibroblast-like (FIB) cells. The latter exhibit anchorage independent growth (AIG). Our data showed that iNOS at mRNA and protein levels was up-regulated in more transformed FIB cells in comparison with less transformed EPI cells. FIB cells at low passages (p<22) were unstable being able to morphologically and functionally revert back to EPI phenotype, while no reversion was observed in FIB cells at high passages (p>43). The morphological reversion of FIB cells was associated with the reversal of vimentin expression as well as AIG. More importantly, these revertants showed reduced levels of iNOS mRNA as well as MAP kinase ERK and phospho-ERK protein expression, while FIB cells without reversion maintained the expression. Furthermore, the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 could reduce detectable iNOS mRNA levels suggesting that MAP kinases were upstream regulators of iNOS transcription. U0126 caused both morphological and functional reversion of FIB cells indicating involvement of MAP kinases in these functions. Taken together, we provide evidence for an up-regulation of iNOS in cultured human keratinocytes which exhibit AIG. This up-regulation may reflect progressive transformation which still requires further changes to reach tumorigenic conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warangkana Chunglok
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Chamulitrat W, Schmidt R, Tomakidi P, Stremmel W, Chunglok W, Kawahara T, Rokutan K. Association of gp91phox homolog Nox1 with anchorage-independent growth and MAP kinase-activation of transformed human keratinocytes. Oncogene 2003; 22:6045-53. [PMID: 12955083 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Among five members of the NADPH oxidase (Nox) family, Nox1 confers mitogenic properties and is implicated to participate in the process of cell transformation. We have established two phenotypes of carcinogenesis model by ethanol treatment of human gingival keratinocytes immortalized with E6/E7 oncogenes of human papillomavirus type16: immortalized (EPI) nontransformed cells with epithelium-like morphology and more advanced transformed (FIB) cells with spindle fibroblastic-shape morphology. FIB membranes possessed a 63-kDa Nox1 protein at higher levels and exhibited 2.8-fold higher capability for superoxide and hydroxyl radical generation, compared with EPI membranes. Both EPI and FIB cells expressed more abundant Nox1 protein at a proliferating stage than that at a quiescent confluent phase. Immunofluorescence staining with an anti-Nox1 antibody showed that immunoreactive materials were distributed in the whole interior of both types of cells, while they were preferentially localized in the nuclei of FIB cells. Nuclei isolated from EPI and FIB cells contained a 63 kDa-Nox1 protein. Compared with EPI cells, FIB cells expressed elevated levels of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase proteins. Furthermore, JNK2 was constitutively phosphorylated in FIB cells. Together, our data strongly implicate Nox1 in redox-mediated signaling related to cellular activation of human keratinocytes at a more advanced stage of transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walee Chamulitrat
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Department of Applied Tumorvirology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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29
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Chamulitrat W, Schmidt R, Chunglok W, Kohl A, Tomakidi P. Epithelium and fibroblast-like phenotypes derived from HPV16 E6/E7-immortalized human gingival keratinocytes following chronic ethanol treatment. Eur J Cell Biol 2003; 82:313-22. [PMID: 12868599 DOI: 10.1078/0171-9335-00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may be critical for neoplastic progression and its eventual tumorigenicity of epithelia. In this context, we investigated whether EMT and EMT-associated features occurred after chronic ethanol treatment of human gingival keratinocytes immortalized with the E6/E7 oncogenes of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16. Following a nine-week treatment of cells with 30 mM ethanol in keratinocyte growth medium, they were cultured in normal DMEM with 10% serum. These cell populations were able to proliferate in this medium gradually exhibiting elongated morphology indicating that these cells underwent EMT. Control cells without ethanol treatment did not survive subcultures in DMEM. Upon long-term subcultures of ethanol-treated cells, two phenotypes were obtained exhibiting epithelium-like and spindle-shape fibroblast-like morphology (respectively, termed as EPI and FIB cells), the latter indicating EMT. In comparison to EPI cells, the phenotypic transition to FIB cells was concomitant with a decrease in the expression of keratins, desmoplakins and a complete loss of K14. Moreover, FIB cell transition strongly correlates with an increase in the expression of vimentin and simple epithelial keratin K18. These alterations in FIB cells were associated with the ability of these cells to exhibit anchorage-independent growth, while EPI cells exhibited anchorage-dependent growth. Concerning the transformation stage, FIB cells represent a progressively more advanced transformed phenotype which may reflect an early step during HPV- and ethanol-dependent multi-step carcinogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cell Transformation, Viral
- Cell Transplantation
- Cells, Cultured
- Epithelial Cells/drug effects
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/transplantation
- Ethanol/pharmacology
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gingiva/cytology
- Humans
- Immunoblotting
- Keratin-14
- Keratinocytes/cytology
- Keratinocytes/drug effects
- Keratinocytes/metabolism
- Keratins/biosynthesis
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/physiology
- Papillomaviridae/genetics
- Papillomaviridae/metabolism
- Papillomavirus E7 Proteins
- Repressor Proteins
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Vimentin/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Walee Chamulitrat
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Department of Applied Tumorvirology, Heidelberg, Germany.
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