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Koh C, Goh YT, Toh J, Neo SP, Ng S, Gunaratne J, Gao YG, Quake SR, Burkholder W, Goh W. Single-nucleotide-resolution sequencing of human N6-methyldeoxyadenosine reveals strand-asymmetric clusters associated with SSBP1 on the mitochondrial genome. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:11659-11670. [PMID: 30412255 PMCID: PMC6294517 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyldeoxyadenosine (6mA) is a well-characterized DNA modification in prokaryotes but reports on its presence and function in mammals have been controversial. To address this issue, we established the capacity of 6mA-Crosslinking-Exonuclease-sequencing (6mACE-seq) to detect genome-wide 6mA at single-nucleotide-resolution, demonstrating this by accurately mapping 6mA in synthesized DNA and bacterial genomes. Using 6mACE-seq, we generated a human-genome-wide 6mA map that accurately reproduced known 6mA enrichment at active retrotransposons and revealed mitochondrial chromosome-wide 6mA clusters asymmetrically enriched on the heavy-strand. We identified a novel putative 6mA-binding protein in single-stranded DNA-binding protein 1 (SSBP1), a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication factor known to coat the heavy-strand, linking 6mA with the regulation of mtDNA replication. Finally, we characterized AlkB homologue 1 (ALKBH1) as a mitochondrial protein with 6mA demethylase activity and showed that its loss decreases mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Our results show that 6mA clusters play a previously unappreciated role in regulating human mitochondrial function, despite 6mA being an uncommon DNA modification in the human genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casslynn W Q Koh
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Yeek Teck Goh
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Joel D W Toh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Suat Peng Neo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Sarah B Ng
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Jayantha Gunaratne
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Yong-Gui Gao
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, 499 Illinois St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - William F Burkholder
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, 499 Illinois St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Wee Siong S Goh
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
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Abstract
The sequence specificity of DnaK substrate binding has been studied using a peptide display library. Based on the amino acid patterns that appeared in this selection, short peptides were synthesized for direct measurements of DnaK affinity. The results show that peptides enriched in internal hydrophobic residues are preferential DnaK substrates, and negatively charged peptides have poor affinity. The isolated C-terminal domain of DnaK binds peptides. Peptide dissociation studies indicate that bound peptides are released from the C-terminal fragment and from DnaK at identical rates. ATP stimulates peptide dissociation from DnaK but not from the C-terminal fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gragerov
- Institute of Cancer Research, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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Donaldson LL, Leib MS, Boyd C, Burkholder W, Sheridan M. Effect of preanesthetic medication on ease of endoscopic intubation of the duodenum in anesthetized dogs. Am J Vet Res 1993; 54:1489-95. [PMID: 8239138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The effects of preanesthetic medication on ease of duodenal endoscopic intubation in dogs was evaluated. One of 12 combinations of preanesthetic medications (using atropine, glycopyrrolate, morphine, meperidine, acepromazine, and 0.9% NaCl solution) was administered IM to each of 12 dogs in a trial. Twelve endoscopic trials were performed so that each dog received each treatment combination once. Anesthesia was induced with thiamylal administered IV and maintained with halothane vaporized in oxygen. Electrocardiographic recordings, indirect blood pressure measurements, end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressures, and halothane concentrations were monitored during the anesthetic period. The ease with which the fiberoptic endoscope was passed into the proximal portion of the duodenum was qualitatively score on the basis of time and maneuvering effort. None of the preanesthetic combinations made intubation of the duodenum significantly easier than that with 0.9% NaCl solution (control). Only the combination of morphine and atropine induced gastro-pyloric conditions that resulted in significantly higher (more difficult) endoscopic scores than those after preanesthetic medication with 0.9% NaCl solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Donaldson
- Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Leesburg, VA 22075
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