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Lee K, Ha SM, Gurudatt NG, Heo W, Hyun KA, Kim J, Jung HI. Machine learning-powered electrochemical aptasensor for simultaneous monitoring of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and bisphenol A in variable pH environments. J Hazard Mater 2024; 462:132775. [PMID: 37865074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste is a pernicious environmental pollutant that threatens ecosystems and human health by releasing contaminants including di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and bisphenol A (BPA). Therefore, a machine-learning (ML)-powered electrochemical aptasensor was developed in this study for simultaneously detecting DEHP and BPA in river waters, particularly to minimize the electrochemical signal errors caused by varying pH levels. The aptasensor leverages a straightforward and effective surface modification strategy featuring gold nanoflowers to achieve low detection limits for DEHP and BPA (0.58 and 0.59 pg/mL, respectively), excellent specificity, and stability. The least-squares boosting (LSBoost) algorithm was introduced to reliably monitor the targets regardless of pH; it employs a layer that adjusts the number of multi-indexes and the parallel learning structure of an ensemble model to accurately predict concentrations by preventing overfitting and enhancing the learning effect. The ML-powered aptasensor successfully detected targets in 12 river sites with diverse pH values, exhibiting higher accuracy and reliability. To our knowledge, the platform proposed in this study is the first attempt to utilize ML for the simultaneous assessment of DEHP and BPA. This breakthrough allows for comprehensive investigations into the effects of contamination originating from diverse plastics by eliminating external interferent-caused influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungyeon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Engineering, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Min Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - N G Gurudatt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-A Hyun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI), 25 Saenari-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13509, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Il Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; The DABOM Inc., Seoul, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Kim KM, Yoo GD, Heo W, Oh HT, Park J, Shin S, Do Y, Jeong MG, Hwang ES, Hong J. TAZ stimulates exercise-induced muscle satellite cell activation via Pard3-p38 MAPK-TAZ signalling axis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:2733-2746. [PMID: 37923703 PMCID: PMC10751443 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise stimulates the activation of muscle satellite cells, which facilitate the maintenance of stem cells and their myogenic conversion during muscle regeneration. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet fully understood. This study shows that the transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) stimulates muscle regeneration via satellite cell activation. METHODS Tazf/f mice were crossed with the paired box gene 7 (Pax7)creERT2 mice to generate muscle satellite cell-specific TAZ knockout (sKO) mice. Mice were trained in an endurance exercise programme for 4 weeks. Regenerated muscles were harvested and analysed by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Muscle tissues were also analysed by immunofluorescence staining, immunoblot analysis and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). For the in vitro study, muscle satellite cells from wild-type and sKO mice were isolated and analysed. Mitochondrial DNA was quantified by qRT-PCR using primers that amplify the cyclooxygenase-2 region of mitochondrial DNA. Quiescent and activated satellite cells were stained with MitoTracker Red CMXRos to analyse mitochondria. To study the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-TAZ signalling axis, p38 MAPK was activated by introducing the MAPK kinase 6 plasmid into satellite cells and also inhibited by treatment with the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580. RESULTS TAZ interacts with Pax7 to induce Myf5 expression and stimulates mammalian target of rapamycin signalling for satellite cell activation. In sKO mice, TAZ depletion reduces muscle satellite cell number by 38% (0.29 ± 0.073 vs. 0.18 ± 0.034, P = 0.0082) and muscle regeneration. After muscle injury, TAZ levels (2.59-fold, P < 0.0001) increase in committed cells compared to self-renewing cells during asymmetric satellite cell division. Mechanistically, the polarity protein Pard3 induces TAZ (2.01-fold, P = 0.008) through p38 MAPK, demonstrating that the p38 MAPK-TAZ axis is important for muscle regeneration. Physiologically, endurance exercise training induces muscle satellite cell activation and increases muscle fibre diameter (1.33-fold, 43.21 ± 23.59 vs. 57.68 ± 23.26 μm, P = 0.0004) with increased TAZ levels (1.76-fold, P = 0.017). However, sKO mice had a 39% reduction in muscle satellite cell number (0.20 ± 0.03 vs. 0.12 ± 0.02, P = 0.0013) and 24% reduction in muscle fibre diameter compared to wild-type mice (61.07 ± 23.33 vs. 46.60 ± 24.29 μm, P = 0.0006). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a novel mechanism of TAZ-induced satellite cell activation after muscle injury and exercise, suggesting that activation of TAZ in satellite cells may ameliorate the muscle ageing phenotype and may be an important target protein for the drug development in sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gi Don Yoo
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Woong Heo
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Ho Taek Oh
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Jeekeon Park
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Somin Shin
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Youjin Do
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Mi Gyeong Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesEwha Womans UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Eun Sook Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesEwha Womans UniversitySeoulKorea
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Hwang JH, Heo W, Park JI, Kim KM, Oh HT, Yoo GD, Park J, Shin S, Do Y, Jeong MG, Hwang ES, Hong JH. Endothelial TAZ inhibits capillarization of liver sinusoidal endothelium and damage-induced liver fibrosis via nitric oxide production. Theranostics 2023; 13:4182-4196. [PMID: 37554269 PMCID: PMC10405847 DOI: 10.7150/thno.83714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endothelial dysfunction is a systemic disorder and is involved in the pathogenesis of several human diseases. Hemodynamic shear stress plays an important role in vascular homeostasis including nitric oxide (NO) production. Impairment of NO production in endothelial cells stimulates the capillarization of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, followed by hepatic stellate cell activation, inducing liver fibrosis. However, the detailed mechanism underlying NO production is not well understood. In hepatocytes, transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) has been reported to be involved in liver fibrosis. However, the role of endothelial TAZ in liver fibrosis has not been investigated. In this study, we uncovered the role TAZ in endothelial cell NO production, and its subsequent effects on liver fibrosis. Methods: TAZ-floxed mice were crossed with Tie2-cre transgenic mice, to generate endothelium-specific TAZ-knockout (eKO) mice. To induce liver damage, a 3,5-diethoxycarboncyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine, methionine-choline-deficient diet, or partial hepatectomy was applied. Liver fibrosis and endothelial dysfunction were analyzed in wild-type and eKO mice after liver damage. In addition, liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) was used for in vitro assays of protein and mRNA levels. To study transcriptional regulation, chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were performed. Results: In liver of eKO mice, LSEC capillarization was observed, evidenced by loss of fenestrae and decreased LSEC-specific marker gene expression. LSEC capillarization of eKO mouse is caused by downregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and subsequent decrease in NO concentration, which is transcriptionally regulated by TAZ-KLF2 binding to Nos3 promoter. Diminished NO concentration by TAZ knockout in endothelium accelerates liver fibrosis induced by liver damages. Conclusions: Endothelial TAZ inhibits damage-induced liver fibrosis via NO production. This highlights an unappreciated role of TAZ in vascular health and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ha Hwang
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jung Il Park
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Ho Taek Oh
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Gi Don Yoo
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jeekeon Park
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Somin Shin
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Youjin Do
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Mi Gyeong Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Eun Sook Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Hong
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Yoo IY, Heo W, Kwon JA, Lee M, Park Y. Identification of the rare yeast
Cutaneotrichosporon (Trichosporon) debeurmannianum
from diabetic foot infection. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24785. [DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- In Young Yoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul South Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul South Korea
| | - Joo An Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul South Korea
| | - Miran Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul South Korea
| | - Yeon‐Joon Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul South Korea
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Oh HT, Heo W, Yoo GD, Kim KM, Hwang JH, Hwang ES, Ko J, Ko YG, Hong JH. CD133-Src-TAZ signaling stimulates ductal fibrosis following DDC diet-induced liver injury. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:4504-4516. [PMID: 36250997 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chronic liver injury follows inflammation and liver fibrosis; however, the molecular mechanism underlying fibrosis has not been fully elucidated. In this study, the role of ductal WW domain-containing transcription regulator 1 (WWTR1)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) was investigated after liver injury. Ductal TAZ-knockout (DKO) mice showed decreased liver fibrosis following a Diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate (DDC) diet compared to wild-type (WT) mice, as evidenced by decreased expression levels of fibrosis inducers, including connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf)/cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2), cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61/CCN1), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (Tgfb1), in DKO mice. Similarly, TAZ-knockout (KO) cholangiocyte organoids showed decreased expression of fibrosis inducers. Additionally, the culture supernatant of TAZ-KO cholangiocyte organoids decreased the fibrogenic gene expression in liver stellate cells. Further studies revealed that prominin 1 (PROM1/CD133) stimulated TAZ for fibrosis. After the administration of DDC diet, fibrosis was decreased in CD133-KO (CD133-KO) mice compared to that in WT mice. Similarly, CD133-KO cholangiocyte organoids showed decreased Ctgf, Cyr61, and Tgfb1 expression levels compared to WT cholangiocyte organoids. Mechanistically, CD133 stabilized TAZ via Src activation. Inhibition of Src decreased TAZ levels. Similarly, CD133-knockdown HCT116 cells showed decreased TAZ levels, but reintroduction of active Src recovered the TAZ levels. Taken together, our results suggest that TAZ facilitates liver fibrosis after a DDC diet via the CD133-Src-TAZ axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Taek Oh
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Don Yoo
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ha Hwang
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sook Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jesang Ko
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Ko
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Hong
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Gurudatt NG, Lee K, Heo W, Jung HI. Simple ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of the DBP plasticizer for the risk assessment of South Korean river waters. Analyst 2022; 147:3525-3533. [PMID: 35789346 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4069170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Rapid detection of contaminants for the purpose of sensitive and quantitative monitoring of environmental hazards is an essential first step in realizing the avoidance of human health risks. In this regard, we present a fast and simple electrochemical method of detecting di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) from river water samples using a phthalic acid group specific aptamer modified on a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) functionalized graphene oxide nano-platelet (GO) and ionic liquid (IL) nanocomposite. Here, the IL/GO nanocomposite allows an enhanced interaction with phthalate esters, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the sensor surface. The proposed sensor showed a wide linear dynamic range from 0.14 pg mL-1 to 0.35 ng mL-1 and from 0.35 ng mL-1 to 7 ng mL-1 with a detection limit of ≤0.042 pg mL-1, which were evaluated using standard, analytical grade DBP; the limit of quantification was determined using different concentrations of DBP in DI water in comparison with gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) values. The proposed sensor was used to monitor the DBP concentrations in river water samples collected from various locations across South Korea. The quantitative data from the measurements in comparison with standard GC/MS values were then used to ascertain the human health risk posed by the daily consumption of these river waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Gurudatt
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Kyungyeon Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Woong Heo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hyo-Il Jung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
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7
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Heo W, Lee K, Park S, Hyun KA, Jung HI. Electrochemical biosensor for nucleic acid amplification-free and sensitive detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA via CRISPR/Cas13a trans-cleavage reaction. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 201:113960. [PMID: 35016109 PMCID: PMC8730380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to millions of fatalities worldwide. For preventing epidemic transmission, rapid and accurate virus detection methods to early identify infected people are urgently needed in the current situation. Therefore, an electrochemical biosensor based on the trans-cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas13a was developed in this study for rapid, sensitive, and nucleic-acid-amplification-free detection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Herein, a redox probe conjugated with ssRNA is immobilized on the electrode surface modified with a nanocomposite (NC) and gold nanoflower (AuNF) for enhancing the sensing performance. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA is captured by the Cas13a–crRNA complex, which triggers the RNase function of Cas13a. The enzymatically activated Cas13a–crRNA complex is subsequently introduced to the reRNA-conjugated electrochemical sensor, and consequently cleaves the reRNA. A change in current occurs due to the release of the redox molecule labeled on the reRNA, which is trans-cleaved from the Cas13a–crRNA complex. The biosensor can detect as low as 4.4 × 10−2 fg/mL and 8.1 × 10−2 fg/mL of ORF and S genes, respectively, over a wide dynamic range (1.0 × 10−1 to 1.0 × 105 fg/mL). Moreover, the biosensor was evaluated by measuring SARS-CoV-2 RNA spiked in artificial saliva. The recovery of the developed sensor was found to be in an agreeable range of 96.54–101.21%. The designed biosensor lays the groundwork for pre-amplification-free detection of ultra-low concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and on-site and rapid diagnostic testing for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Heo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungyeon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-A Hyun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Il Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; The DABOM Corporation, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Gurudatt NG, Lee K, Heo W, Jung HI. Simple ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of the DBP plasticizer for the risk assessment of South Korean river waters. Analyst 2022; 147:3525-3533. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00809b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a simple electrochemical strategy for the ultrasensitive quantitative analysis of DBP plasticizer in water. The proposed aptasensor is comparable to GC-MS in sensitivity and it was applied to monitor the river waters contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. G. Gurudatt
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungyeon Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Il Jung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee YS, Heo W, Choi HJ, Cho HR, Nam JH, Ki YG, Lee HR, Son WC, Park YS, Kang CD, Bae J. An inhibitor of programmed death ligand 1 enhances natural killer cell-mediated immunity against malignant melanoma cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248870. [PMID: 33793576 PMCID: PMC8016313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Since ionizing radiation has showed the dramatic effect to kill the cancer cells through direct DNA damage as well as triggering anti-cancer immune responses including induction of NKG2D ligands, it has used for long time to treat many cancer patients. However, it has been known that radiotherapy might promote the remnant cancer cells to escape immune system and metastasis. One of the suggested ways of immune evasion is induction of a ligand for programmed death-1 (PD-L1) in head and neck cancer, bladder cancer and lung cancer cells which engages the receptor, programmed death-1 (PD-1) in immune cells. PD-1/PD-L1 axis transduces the inhibitory signal and suppresses the adaptive immunity. However, their role in innate immunity remains poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated whether ionizing radiation could change the expression of PD-L1 in malignant melanoma cells and the receptor, programmed death-1 (PD-1), in NK-92 cells. Surface PD-L1 levels on melanoma cells were increased by ionizing radiation in a dose-independent manner but the level of PD-L1 was not changed significantly in NK-92 cells. Radiation-induced PD-L1 suppressed the activity of the NK-92 cells against melanoma cells despite of upregulation of NKG2D ligands. Furthermore, activated NK cells had high level of PD-1 and could not kill PD-L1+ melanoma cells effectively. When we used PD-L1 inhibitor or silenced PD-L1 gene, inhibited PD-1/PD-L1 axis reversed the activity of the suppressed NK cells. Through these results, we supposed that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade could enhance the immune responses of NK cells against melanoma cells after radiotherapy and might overcome the PD-L1 mediated radioresistance of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Shin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Plus Biomedical Science Education Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Plus Biomedical Science Education Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Plus Biomedical Science Education Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Ryung Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Plus Biomedical Science Education Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ho Nam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Gan Ki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Rae Lee
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Chang Son
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Soo Park
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Dug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Plus Biomedical Science Education Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Plus Biomedical Science Education Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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10
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Heo W, Jin N, Park MS, Kim HY, Yoon SM, Lee J, Kim JY. STIM1 knock-down decreases the affinity of obinutuzumab for CD20 by altering CD20 localization to Triton-soluble membrane. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 200:260-271. [PMID: 32056202 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Obinutuzumab is thought to exert its effects through its high antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) via glyco-engineering of the Fc region. In addition, obinutuzumab causes direct binding-induced cell death (DCD) only by specifically binding to its target CD20, a Ca2+ channel. However, the specific features of CD20 related to obinutuzumab binding-induction of cell death are not clearly understood. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the Ca2+ channel features of CD20 as a store-operated Ca2+ channel (SOC) and obinutuzumab binding-induced cell death. Ca2+ channel function and biochemical analysis revealed that CD20 is an Orai1- and stromal interaction molecule (STIM1)-dependent Ca2+ pore. However, binding of obinutuzumab on CD20 did not have any effect on Ca2+ influx activity of CD20; the direct cell death rate mediated by obinutuzumab binding was almost equivalent with or without the extracellular Ca2+ condition. Given the apparent interaction between STIM1 and CD20, we observed Triton-X solubilized obinutuzumab-bound CD20 accompanied by STIM1. Subsequently, obinutuzumab binding and cell death were decreased by STIM1 knock-down in Ramos B cells. Thus, STIM1 directly contributes to cell death by increasing the affinity of cells for obinutuzumab by transferring CD20 to the Triton-soluble membrane region.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Heo
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain, Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - N Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain, Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M S Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain, Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-Y Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain, Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S M Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - J Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain, Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Lee YS, Heo W, Son CH, Kang CD, Park YS, Bae J. Upregulation of Myc promotes the evasion of NK cell‑mediated immunity through suppression of NKG2D ligands in K562 cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3301-3307. [PMID: 31432134 PMCID: PMC6755160 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Myc is a characteristic oncogene with dual functions in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Since the overexpression of the c-Myc proto-oncogene is a common event in the development and growth of various human types of cancer, the present study investigated whether oncogenic c-Myc can alter natural killer (NK) cell-mediated immunity through the expression of associated genes, using PCR, western blotting and flow cytometry assays. Furthermore, whether c-Myc could influence the expression levels of natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) ligands, which are well known NK activation molecules, as well as NK cell-mediated immunity, was investigated. c-Myc was inhibited by 10058-F4 treatment and small interfering RNA transfection. Upregulation of c-Myc was achieved by transfection with a pCMV6-myc vector. The inhibition of c-Myc increased MHC class I polyeptide-related sequence B and UL16 binding protein 1 expressions among NKG2D ligands, and the overexpression of c-Myc suppressed the expression of all NKG2D ligands, except MHC class I polyeptide-related sequence A. Furthermore, the alteration of c-Myc activity altered the susceptibility of K562 cells to NK cells. These results suggested that the overexpression of c-Myc may contribute to the immune escape of cancer cells and cell proliferation. Combined treatment with NK-based cancer immunotherapy and inhibition of c-Myc may achieve improved therapeutic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Shin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hun Son
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Gijang, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Dug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Soo Park
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Gijang, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam 50612, Republic of Korea
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Heo W, Kim JH, Kim S, Kim KH, Kim HJ, Seo JH. Enhanced production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid from glucose and xylose by alleviation of metabolic congestion due to glycerol flux in engineered Escherichia coli. Bioresour Technol 2019; 285:121320. [PMID: 30978585 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Among platform chemicals obtained from renewable biomass, 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) has attracted considerable attention. A GC/TOF-MS study revealed that the intracellular metabolites of the TCA cycle and fatty acid synthesis increased in JHS01302, a galP-overexpressing strain of Escherichia coli, during glucose and xylose co-fermentation. Decreased intracellular glycerol levels and increased intracellular biosynthesis of 3-HP were also detected in the strain. Based on these results, the yeast GPD1 gene was replaced with the endogenous gpsA gene to modulate the rate of glycerol metabolism. In flask cultures, JHS01304 containing the gpsA gene displayed 43% lower glycerol accumulation and 52% higher 3-HP production than the control. JHS01304 produced 37.6 g/L 3-HP with a productivity rate of 0.63 g/L/h and yield of 0.17 g/g in the fed-batch fermentation. The metabolome analysis provided valuable information for alleviating the metabolic burden of glycerol flux to improve the production of 3-HP during glucose and xylose co-fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Heo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooah Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Heon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea; Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Ho Seo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Kaowinn S, Seo EJ, Heo W, Bae JH, Park EJ, Lee S, Kim YJ, Koh SS, Jang IH, Shin DH, Chung YH. Cancer upregulated gene 2 (CUG2), a novel oncogene, promotes stemness-like properties via the NPM1-TGF-β signaling axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:1278-1284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Ha SI, Suk HS, Shin JS, Heo W, Park KG, Park YJ. Evaluation of Absorption and Release, Survival Efficiency and Recovery Rate of Transport Medium according to the CLSI M40-A2 Standard. Korean J Clin Lab Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2019.51.2.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Il Ha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul Saint Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Suk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul Saint Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Seob Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul Saint Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul Saint Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang-Gyun Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu Saint Mary’s Hospital, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Yeon-Joon Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND As the lip contains ample blood supply, hemangiomas often occur in this area. When surgical excision is performed, wound closure is important. To prevent infection from saliva and food, watertight wound closure is needed. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the usefulness of Dermabond for wound closure after hemangioma excision on the lip. METHODS Between December 2015 and August 2017, 11 patients with lip hemangioma underwent surgical excision. When closing the wound, Dermabond was used for skin closure after subcutaneous sutures. Demographic data and complications were recorded. Scars were evaluated with the Vancouver scar scale (VSS), and the postoperative shape of the lip was assessed on a 10-point satisfaction scale at 1 month and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS All cases completely healed without any complications, such as wound dehiscence or infection. There were no recurrences at postoperative 1 month during the follow-up period. The aesthetic results of the scars were also excellent. The average VSS score on postoperative 1 month was 4.2, and it decreased to 2.2 at postoperative 6 months. The average patient satisfaction score at postoperative 1 month was 7.4, and it increased to 9.5 at postoperative 6 months. CONCLUSION Dermabond is useful for wound closure after hemangioma excision on the lip. It prevents wound contamination, and yields acceptable aesthetic results.
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Heo W, Chung C, Kim J, Lee S. Relationship between cortical resection and visual function after occipital lobe epilepsy surgery. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Chang JW, Heo W, Choi MSS, Lee JH. The appropriate management algorithm for diabetic foot: A single-center retrospective study over 12 years. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11454. [PMID: 29979449 PMCID: PMC6076129 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot management is a challenge for reconstructive surgeons because it combines dramatically decreased circulation and chronic infection. The goal of managing this condition is to maximize viable tissue; however, unsatisfactory results, such as extremity amputation, are unavoidable in some cases. For appropriate management, thorough understanding of diabetic foot and the phased approach to its management is needed. The purpose of this study is to introduce an optimal algorithm for diabetic foot management by analyzing cases >12 years. METHODS A total of 274 patients with diabetic foot at Hanyang University Guri Hospital from 2005 to 2017 were reviewed. The management process was divided into 5 steps: patient evaluation, wound preparation, improving vascularity, surgery and dressing, and rehabilitation. Patient evaluation included a microbial culture, evaluation of vascularity, and an osteomyelitis assessment. During wound preparation, debridement and negative-pressure wound therapy were performed. Vascularity was improved by radiological intervention or surgical method. Surgery and dressing were performed depending on the indications. Rehabilitation was started after complete wound healing. RESULTS An infection was confirmed in 213 of 263 patients (81.0%). Of 74 cases in which a vascular study was performed, 83.8% showed arterial occlusion. When surgery was performed with complete eradication of the infection in 155 patients, the rate of revision surgery was 20.6%. The revision rate after surgery with a remnant infection of 66 patients was 40.9% (P = .0003). When surgery was performed after successful revascularization for improving blood flow of 47 patients, the rate of revision surgery was 21.3%. In contrast, the revision rate after surgery with unsuccessful or no revascularization of 174 patients was 28.2% (P = .359). CONCLUSION Diabetic foot is a debilitating disease arising from multifactorial process. As its management is complex, a comprehensive but accessible treatment algorithm is needed for successful results. For this reason, the appropriate algorithm for diabetic foot management introduced in this study is significant.
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Lee YS, Heo W, Nam J, Jeung YH, Bae J. The combination of ionizing radiation and proteasomal inhibition by bortezomib enhances the expression of NKG2D ligands in multiple myeloma cells. J Radiat Res 2018; 59:245-252. [PMID: 29518205 PMCID: PMC5967576 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rry005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bortezomib, which is a potent proteasome inhibitor, has been used as a first-line drugs to treat multiple myeloma for a few decades, and radiotherapy has frequently been applied to manage acute bone lesions in the patients. Therefore, it was necessary to investigate what the benefits might be if the two therapies were applied simultaneously in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Since it was known that radiotherapy and proteasome inhibitors could increase the expression of NKG2D ligands through induction of protein synthesis and suppression of protein degradation of NKG2D ligands, respectively, we supposed that the combined treatment might further enhance the expression of NKG2D ligands. In this study, we analyzed the expression level of NKG2D ligands using multiplex PCR and flow cytometry after treatment of IM-9 and RPMI-8226 myeloma cells with bortezomib and ionizing radiation; we then assayed the susceptibility to NK-92 cells. Although the expression of only some kinds of NKG2D ligands were increased by treatment with bortezomib alone, five kinds of NKG2D ligands that we assayed were further induced at the surface protein level after combined treatment with ionizing radiation and bortezomib. Furthermore, combined treatment made myeloma cells more susceptible to NK-92 cells, compared with treatment with bortezomib alone. In conclusion, the combination therapy of ionizing radiation plus the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is a promising therapeutical strategy for enhancing NK cell-mediated anticancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Shin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busandaehakro-49, Mulgeum-eup Yangsan-si Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea
- PNU BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Education Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busandaehakro-49, Mulgeum-eup Yangsan-si Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, South Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busandaehakro-49, Mulgeum-eup Yangsan-si Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea
- PNU BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Education Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busandaehakro-49, Mulgeum-eup Yangsan-si Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, South Korea
| | - Jiho Nam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Geumo-ro 20, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, South Korea
| | - Young Hwa Jeung
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jaeho Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busandaehakro-49, Mulgeum-eup Yangsan-si Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea
- PNU BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Education Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busandaehakro-49, Mulgeum-eup Yangsan-si Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, South Korea
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Heo W, Ahn HC. Upper lip tie wrapping into the hard palate and anterior premaxilla causing alveolar hypoplasia. Arch Craniofac Surg 2018; 19:48-50. [PMID: 29609432 PMCID: PMC5894555 DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2018.19.1.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bony anomaly caused by lip tie is not many reported yet. There was a case of upper lip tie wrapping into the anterior premaxilla. We represent a case of severe upper lip tie of limited lip motion, upper lips curling inside, and alveolar hypoplasia. Male patient was born on June 3, 2016. He had a deep philtral sulcus, low vermilion border and deep cupid’s bow of upper lip due to tension of short, stout and very tight frenulum. His upper lip motion was severely restricted in particular lip eversion. There was anterior alveolar hypoplasia with deep sulcus in anterior maxilla. Resection of frenulum cord with Z-plasty was performed at anterior premaxilla and upper lip sulcus. Frenulum was tightly attached to gingiva through gum and into hard palate. Width of frenulum cord was about 1 cm, and length was about 3 cm. He gained upper lip contour including cupid’s bow and normal vermilion border after the surgery. This case is severe upper lip tie showing the premaxillary hypoplasia, abnormal lip motion and contour for child. Although there is mild limitation of feeding with upper lip tie child, early detection and treatment are needed to correct bony growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Heo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Chang Ahn
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Moon HG, Yun J, Hong BS, Lee E, Lee HB, Han W, Kim JI, Noh DY, Heo W, Hur S, Kang W, Lee C. Abstract P2-06-01: Molecular characterization of human malignant phyllodes tumors reveals potential targeted approaches. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p2-06-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Malignant phyllodes tumor (MPT) which belong to the fibroepithelial neoplasm spectrum is a rare type of breast malignancy, and currently there is no effective targeted approach available for MPT. In this study, we tried to identify key genomic alterations and biologic pathways in MPT by whole exome and RNA sequencing of nine MPT tissues. Whole exome sequencing revealed somatic alterations in EGFR, MED12, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, PDGFRA, PDGFRB, PTEN, and TP53. Transcriptome sequencing showed dysregulation of ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signaling in MPTs when compared to normal breast or invasive breast cancer tissues. Based on the transcriptome profiles, the MPTs were classified into two subtypes; fibrous subtype with upregulation of stromal genes such as collagens and epithelial subtype with upregulation of E-cadherin and Claudins. The molecular classification of fibrous and epithelial subtypes was validated in 28 paraffin-embedded MPT tissues. The fibrous subtype showed higher mitotic index and increased risk for recurrence when compared to the epithelial subtype. We established a patient-derived xenograft model from one fibrous subtype MPT which harbored somatic mutation in PIK3R1 and PDGFRB. In that model, targeted treatment against PIK3CA/mTOR and PDGFR pathways effectively suppressed the tumor growth in vivo. Our data provide insights on the biologic understanding of MPT and suggest a clinically relevant molecular classification. Furthermore, we show that developing effective targeted approaches in MPT can be possible with genomic profiles and patient-derived xenograft models. The clinical efficacy of targeting PDGFR and PIK3CA/mTOR pathways in MPT should be tested in future clinical trials.
Citation Format: Moon H-G, Yun J, Hong BS, Lee E, Lee H-B, Han W, Kim J-I, Noh D-Y, Heo W, Hur S, Kang W, Lee C. Molecular characterization of human malignant phyllodes tumors reveals potential targeted approaches [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-06-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-G Moon
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - J Yun
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - BS Hong
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - E Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - H-B Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - W Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - J-I Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - D-Y Noh
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - W Heo
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - S Hur
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - W Kang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - C Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
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Lee JM, Park MJ, Heo W, Park KG, Park YG, Han SB, Cho YS, Park YJ. Clinical Utility of Fecal Immunochemical Transferrin Test in Gastrointestinal Bleeding Detection. Ann Clin Microbiol 2018. [DOI: 10.5145/acm.2018.21.3.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Mi Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang Gyun Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Gyu Park
- Department of Medical Life Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Beom Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Seok Cho
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Joon Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Heo W, Park BG, Youn S, Ahn HC. Classification of Hip Shape and Customized Hip Augmentation in Asian Women. Arch Aesthetic Plast Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.14730/aaps.2018.24.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Woong Heo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Seungki Youn
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Chang Ahn
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Heo W, Kim Y. Diffusion-Based Finite Element Method to Estimate the Reactivity Changes due to Core Deformation in an SFR. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00295639.2017.1373516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Woong Heo
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yonghee Kim
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Woosong Kim
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yonghee Kim
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Kwon RJ, Han ME, Kim YJ, Kim YH, Kim JY, Liu L, Heo W, Oh SO. Roles of zinc-fingers and homeoboxes 1 during the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317694575. [PMID: 28351300 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317694575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc-fingers and homeoboxes 1 (ZHX1) is a nuclear transcription repressor and known to be involved in cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. However, the pathophysiological roles of ZHX1 have not been characterized in glioblastoma. We examined ZHX1 expression in glioblastoma patients' tissues and analyzed overall survival of the patients based on expression level of ZHX1. We also examined the effects of ZHX1 on proliferation and motility of glioblastoma cells. In silico analysis and immunohistochemical studies showed that the messenger RNA and protein expressions of ZHX1 were higher in the tissues of glioblastoma patients than in normal brain tissues, and that its overexpression was associated with reduced survival. In vitro, the downregulation of ZHX1 decreased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells, whereas its upregulation had the opposite effects. In addition, we showed ZHX1 could contribute to glioblastoma progression via the regulations of TWIST1 and SNAI2. Taken together, this study demonstrates that ZHX1 plays crucial roles in the progression of glioblastoma, and its findings suggest that ZHX1 be viewed as a potential prognostic maker and therapeutic target of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuk-Jun Kwon
- 1 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,2 Gene & Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Eun Han
- 1 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,2 Gene & Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Jae Kim
- 3 Specific Organs Cancer Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- 1 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,2 Gene & Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- 1 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,2 Gene & Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Liangwen Liu
- 1 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,2 Gene & Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Heo
- 4 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Ock Oh
- 1 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,2 Gene & Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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Hartanto D, Heo W, Kim C, Kim Y. Impacts of Burnup-Dependent Swelling of Metallic Fuel on the Performance of a Compact Breed-and-Burn Fast Reactor. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Heo W, Lee YS, Son CH, Yang K, Park YS, Bae J. Radiation-induced matrix metalloproteinases limit natural killer cell-mediated anticancer immunity in NCI-H23 lung cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1800-6. [PMID: 25385045 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy has been used to treat cancer for >100 years and is required by numerous patients with cancer. Ionizing radiation effectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells by inducing cell death and increasing anticancer immunity, through the induction of natural killer group 2 member D ligands (NKG2DLs); however, adverse effects have also been reported, including the promotion of metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are induced by ionizing radiation and have an important role in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Previously, MMPs were demonstrated to increase the shedding of NKG2DLs, which may reduce the surface expression of NKG2DLs on cancer cells. As a consequence, the cancer cells may escape natural killer (NK)‑mediated anticancer immunity. In the present study, NCI‑H23 human non‑small cell lung cancer cells were used to investigate the combined effects of ionizing radiation and MMP inhibitors on the expression levels of NKG2DLs. Ionizing radiation increased the expression of MMP2 and ADAM metalloproteinase domain 10 protease, as well as NKG2DLs. The combined treatment of ionizing radiation and MMP inhibitors increased the surface expression levels of NKG2DLs and resulted in the increased susceptibility of the cancer cells to NK‑92 natural killer cells. Furthermore, soluble NKG2DLs were increased in the media by ionizing radiation and blocked by MMP inhibitors. The present study suggests that radiotherapy may result in the shedding of soluble NKG2DLs, through the induction of MMP2, and combined treatment with MMP inhibitors may minimize the adverse effects of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Shin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hun Son
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmo Yang
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Gijang 619-953, Republic of Korea
| | - You Soo Park
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Gijang 619-953, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-770, Republic of Korea
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Heo W, Lee YS, Son CH, Yang KM, Park YS, Bae JH. Radiation-induction of MMPs limited the NK-mediated anticancer immunity in lung cancer cells. Cancer Metab 2014. [PMCID: PMC4072938 DOI: 10.1186/2049-3002-2-s1-p26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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