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Xu Y, Men W, Yu Y, Wang F. Assessment of radiation in fishes derived from radiocesium in the port of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 202:116301. [PMID: 38608429 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This study established specialized radiation dose models to evaluate the internal radiation doses derived from 137Cs and 134Cs in fishes in the port of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant from 2012 to 2023. By August 2018, the activities of 134Cs and 137Cs in fishes decreased at the T1/2 of 176 d and 191 d, respectively. The corresponding mass concentrations were far lower than 1 mg/kg and the chemical toxicity can be negligible. Regarding radiotoxicity, 18,000 Bq/kgfresh weight of 134Cs and 137Cs in grouper Sebastes schlegelii produced 276 μGy/h of radiation dose, which was below the no-effect-dose-rate benchmarks (400 μGy/h). 740,000 Bq/kgfresh weight of 134Cs and 137Cs in greenling Hexagrammos otakii produced 12,600 μGy/h of radiation dose, which was much higher than 400 μGy/h, indicating the possibility of radiation effects. If a person eats these two reported fishes, the resulting committed effective doses for humans are 7.7 μSv and 6.31 mSv, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Wu Men
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Yu Y, Zhou P, Men W. Impact of long-term operation of nuclear power plants on the marine ecosystem of Daya Bay. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 193:115146. [PMID: 37356129 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Based on the monitoring data of Daya Bay in 2011-2017, the impact of long-term operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) on the marine ecosystem was accessed. 137Cs and 90Sr in seawater and sediment of Daya Bay decreased with time. The environmental half-lives of 137Cs and 90Sr in seawater, 137Cs in sediment were 7.1 a, 11.7 a and 13.9 a, respectively. The total dose rates of the marine organisms ranged from 230.5 to 853.9 nGy/h, lower than the ERICA screening benchmark (10 μGy/h). 210Po, 226Ra and 232Th were the main dose contributors. 137Cs and 90Sr contributed to ~0.01 %-~0.06 % of the total radiation. 137Cs contributed to <0.6 ‰ of the committed effective dose for humans. There were almost no radiation effects on the marine ecosystem of Daya Bay from NPPs before 2017. In the future, there will be no radiation risk for the long-term discharge of low-level radioactive waste to Daya Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, PR China
| | - Wu Men
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, PR China.
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Wang F, Men W, Huang J, Chen Z, Xu L. Distribution and transportation of Fukushima-derived radiocesiums in the seawater of the Northwest Pacific ocean in May 2013. Chemosphere 2023:139314. [PMID: 37354957 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) has generated quantities of polluted water since the accident in 2011 triggered by the massive earthquake. In order to understand the FDNPP accident comprehensively and to provide a basic reference for predicting the transport of the treated nuclear contaminated water in the Northwest Pacific further, the distributions of 137Cs and 134Cs in the seawater as deep as 2000 m layer were determined in the subtropical region in May 2013. The results suggested that the radiocesium from FDNPP still existed in May 2013. But no FDNPP-derived radiocesium was found below 1000 m layer. The FDNPP accident contributed 0.46 PBq of 137Cs to the upper 500 m of water column, which was ∼1.6 times of the background amount of 137Cs (0.28 PBq). The maximum activities of 137Cs and 134Cs were 7.88 Bq/m3 and 3.40 Bq/m3, respectively. It is mainly because of the Subtropical Mode Water (STMW) that carried 137Cs and 134Cs to the subtropical region along the subsurface isopycnals (25.0-25.6 δθ). As time went on, more FDNPP-derived radiocesiums were transported to the subtropical region and to the subsurface layer by the STMW than ever. The cyclonic mesoscale eddy further promoted more radiocesiums downward transport and deeper penetration on the basis of the subduction of STMW. However, the formation of the vertical stratification and the presence of the low salinity water mass (at the depth of ∼500-∼700 m) restrained the penetration of the radiocesium into deeper and interior ocean and thus the FDNPP-derived 137Cs and 134Cs in the subtropical area mainly distributed in the upper 500 m layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Wang
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wu Men
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Jiang Huang
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhaohui Chen
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lixiao Xu
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
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Wang H, Ni Y, Men W, Wang Z, Liu M, Xiao D, Zheng J. Distributions of fallout 137Cs, 239+240Pu and 241Am in a soil core from South Central China. J Environ Radioact 2022; 251-252:106971. [PMID: 35961100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.106971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The source and vertical distribution of 137Cs,239+240Pu and 241Am activity concentrations in a soil core from Hunan Province, China were investigated. The maximum 137Cs and 239+240Pu activity concentrations were 15.45 ± 0.76 mBq/g and 0.819 ± 0.066 mBq/g, respectively. While the maximum 241Am activity concentration in samples obtained from the core was 0.341 ± 0.019 mBq/g. The 240Pu/239Pu atom ratio and the 137Cs/239+240Pu activity ratio were 0.183 ± 0.011 and 19.5 ± 1.8, respectively, and both were consistent with the characteristic value of global fallout. The integrated 241Am/239+240Pu activity ratio for global fallout was also re-estimated. The measured 241Am/239+240Pu activity ratio (average 0.43 ± 0.07) in the samples was very close to the estimated value (0.45), which suggested their 241Am also came from the global fallout. Regarding the vertical distribution of 137Cs, 239+240Pu and 241Am in these red soil samples, all these radionuclides had higher concentrations in upper layers of several centimeters of soil while they had slightly lower concentrations in lower soil layers down to 30 cm. Vertical distributions of 137Cs/239+240Pu and 241Am/239+240Pu activity ratios indicated the migration velocity was Am ≈ Pu > Cs. The intrinsic chemical properties of the radionuclides as well as soil type and properties (acidic, nutrient-deficient and low in organic matter and cation exchange capacity) might be reasons for the differences in their migration behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 491 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Youyi Ni
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Wu Men
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Ningliu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210044, China
| | - Zhongtang Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Detao Xiao
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 491 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
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Wang F, Zheng J, Aono T, Pan S, Men W. Source and distribution characteristics of 239, 240, 241Pu, 237Np and 134, 137Cs in sediments in the Northwest and Central Equatorial Pacific after the Fukushima nuclear accident. Environ Pollut 2022; 304:119214. [PMID: 35358631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To understand the possible influence of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident on the deep sea, as well as the geochemical behavior and transport of radionuclides, 134Cs, 137Cs, 239, 240Pu, 241Pu, and 237Np were measured in the abyssal sediments of the Northwest Pacific (NWP) and Central Equatorial Pacific (CEP) Ocean. Data on the characteristics of these sediments obtained after the FDNPP accident are extremely rare, especially in the NWP subtropical gyre (NPSG) region. FDNPP-derived radio-Cs (134Cs, 137Cs) arrived at the open sea floor of the NWP before 2018 but was only found in the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension (KOE) region. No FDNPP-derived Pu was detected in the abyssal sediments of the NWP or CEP. Pu in the NWP mainly originated from global fallout and the Pacific Proving Ground (PPG) close-in fallout, except for at station WP1 (39°N in the KOE region), where an abnormal but non-FDNPP-derived Pu signal was detected. Pu in the eastern CEP sediment was less affected by the PPG close-in fallout from the Marshall Islands and was mainly derived from global fallout, with some close-in fallout from the Johnston Atoll test. The KOE region was the area most affected by PPG close-in fallout Pu via Kuroshio transport, while the lowest inventories of 239+240Pu and 237Np were found in the NPSG region due to its oligotrophic environment. The 237Np originated from the same source as Pu, and the latitudinal pattern of 237Np was consistent with that of Pu. Station SS (in the marginal sea of the NWP) contained high 237Np/239Pu atom ratios in the deeper layers of sediment and had a 237Np depth profile opposite that of the 239+240Pu profile, compared to other stations; these differences are mainly attributed to differences in the behaviors of 237Np and 239Pu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Coastal and Island Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Department of Radioecology and Fukushima Project, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 491 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan; The Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, P.R.C, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Radioecology and Fukushima Project, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 491 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Aono
- Department of Radioecology and Fukushima Project, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 491 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Shaoming Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Coastal and Island Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wu Men
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, P.R.C, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Wang F, Men W, Yu T, Huang J, He J, Lin J, Lin F, Deng F. Intrusion of Fukushima-derived radiocesium into the East China sea and the Northeast South China Sea in 2011-2015. Chemosphere 2022; 294:133546. [PMID: 35016960 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential long-term impact of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (FDNPPA) on the South China Sea (SCS) and the East China Sea (ECS), radiocesium isotopes 134Cs and 137Cs in seawater from 2011 to 2015 were measured. The highest activities of 134Cs and 137Cs in seawater were 0.73 Bq/m3 and 3.34 Bq/m3, respectively. The results demonstrated that FDNPPA-derived radiocesium intruded into the Northeast SCS and the ECS in 2013 and reached a maximum in 2014. The intrusion occurred within the upper 100 m and contributed ≤72.5% of the total 137Cs in the seawater of the SCS and ECS. The formation, subduction, and transport of subtropical mode water (STMW)/central mode water (CMW) trapped FDNPPA-derived radiocesium in the ocean interior and transported it southwestward from the high-latitude open ocean to the low-latitude western boundary area. Then, the FDNPPA-derived radiocesium entered the Northeast SCS and the ECS by the intrusion of the subsurface high-salinity water of the Kuroshio Current into the Northeast SCS and the ECS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Wang
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wu Men
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Tao Yu
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jing Lin
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Lin
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fangfang Deng
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Wang F, Men W, Huang J, Yu T, He J, Yu W, Li Y. Fukushima-derived radiocesium in the waters of the Northwest Pacific Ocean in the winter of 2011. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 176:113465. [PMID: 35245875 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To understand the transport of Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (FDNPPA)-derived nuclear contaminated water, which will be discharged into the Pacific Ocean in the future, the distributions of 134Cs and 137Cs in seawater in the public areas east of Japan in winter 2011 were reported in this study. The ranges of 134Cs and 137Cs activities were <MDA (Minimum Detectable Activity) -68.9 Bq/m3 and 1.3-85.9 Bq/m3, respectively. The average decay corrected FDNPPA-derived 134Cs/137Cs activity ratio was 0.97. The FDNPPA-derived radiocesium existed in the seawater at a relatively high level at most stations. The 134Cs and 137Cs activities were comparable throughout the upper 50 m at each station. The FDNPPA-derived radiocesium was mainly distributed north of 36.5°N due to the boundary formed by the Kuroshio Extension. The temporal variations of FDNPPA-derived 134Cs and 137Cs suggested that their environmental half-lives in the study area were 61 d and 63 d in the period of June 2011 to June 2012, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Wang
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wu Men
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jiang Huang
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Tao Yu
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- The Laboratory of Marine Ecological and Environmental Early Warning and Monitoring, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
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Men W, Wang F, Yu W, He J, Lin F, Deng F, Yu T, Ma H, Zeng Z. Radioactive impacts of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on blue sharks in the Northwest Pacific. Chemosphere 2021; 285:131537. [PMID: 34329145 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (FDNPPA) derived 134Cs, 137Cs and 110mAg in blue sharks captured in the Northwest Pacific during 2011-2018 were assessed for the first time in the aspects of radioactive contamination, temporal variation, maternal-to-fetus transfer, tissue distribution and radiation dose, to demonstrate the impacts of the FDNPPA on blue sharks. The contribution of the FDNPPA derived radiocesium in blue sharks (>52%) was estimated based on 134Cs/137Csactivity ratios. The effective and ecological half-lives of the FDNPPA derived 134Cs (270 d, 410 d), and 137Cs (430 d, 450 d) were calculated. These contaminations decreased with time and returned to the level before the FDNPPA during the period of Sep. 2017-Sep. 2018.134Cs and 137Cs tended to distribute in muscles, while 110mAg mainly distribute in their guts. 134Cs and 137Cs were also transferred to fetuses and the activities were up to ~30% of the maternal activities. Dose assessment demonstrated that the highest FDNPPA derived dose rate in blue sharks (~0.42 nGy/h) was far below the ERICA ecosystem screening benchmark of 10 μGy/h and the committed effective dose in humans from ingesting blue shark meat (0.06-0.90 μSv) was far less than that from annual consumption of food and water. It was far from causing radiation harm to blue sharks and humans, suggesting that the impacts of the FDNPPA on blue sharks were not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fangfang Deng
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Men W. Discharge of contaminated water from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident into the Northwest Pacific: What is known and what needs to be known. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 173:112984. [PMID: 34583249 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Japanese government approved a plan to discharge Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident contaminated water (FDNPPACW) into the Pacific Ocean. It immediately caused a new wave of global concern and anxiety. To assess this matter, this work briefly reviewed the dispersion of FDNPPA-derived radionuclides in the Pacific Ocean in the past and the resulting impacts on marine biota. Combining the drafted plan of discharging FDNPPACW and the public's concerns, 5 points, including (1) the detailed plan of discharging FDNPPACW, (2) the isotopes left in the advanced liquid processing system (ALPS)-treated water and their amounts, (3) the stability of the Kuroshio Extension, (4) the fates and transports of the main radionuclides (left in the ALPS-treated water) in North Pacific seawater, (5) and bioaccumulations and the ecological half-lives of the main radionuclides (left in the ALPS-treated water) in marine biota in the North Pacific, remain to be known to understand the impacts of discharging FDNPPACW into the Pacific Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
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Deng F, He J, Ling F, Yu W, Men W, Wang F. Effect of settling time on the adsorption of 137Cs onto AMP in the AMP-coprecipitation method. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 161:111713. [PMID: 33022514 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ten sets of experiments with different settling times were conducted to investigate the effect of settling time on the adsorption of 137Cs in seawater onto ammonium phosphomolybdate (AMP). The weight yields of AMP and 137Cs yields in all groups were generally higher than 90%. The average weight yields of AMP in each group varied from 91.8 ± 0.5 to 95.9 ± 0.6% (1 SD), and the average 137Cs yields in each group varied from 88.3 ± 3.0 to 97.8 ± 3.7% (1 SD). The results showed that equilibrium between Cs and AMP is established immediately after the addition of stable Cs carrier and AMP, implying that the solution could be filtered immediately after the coprecipitation forms. IAEA seawater proficiency test exercises also confirmed that the AMP precipitate does not need to be treated statically in the case of 2 g AMP and 3.7 mg Cs carrier in a seawater sample solution. The modified AMP preconcentration method simultaneously meets the requirements of routine and nuclear emergency monitoring of 137Cs in seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Deng
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Feng Ling
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wu Men
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
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Men W, Wang F, Yu W, He J, Lin F, Deng F, Ma H, Zeng Z. Impact of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on dolphin fishes in the Northwest Pacific. Chemosphere 2020; 257:127267. [PMID: 32534298 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
More than 9 years since the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (FDNPPA), the impact of FDNPPA on marine biota is being revealed. In this work, the evolution of FDNPPA derived 134Cs, 137Cs and 110mAg in dolphin fishes (Coryphaena hippurus) in the Northwest Pacific from Dec. 2011 to Sept. 2018 were studied. Bioconcentration factors (BCF) of radiocesium (29-69 with the average of 48) in dolphin fishes were calculated. The background level of 137Cs in dolphin fishes (<0.14 Bq/kgfresh weight) before FDNPPA was estimated. The radioactive levels of these three radionuclides in dolphin fishes decreased with time. Among them, 134Cs and 110mAg decreased at the half-lives of 158 days and 54 days at the population level, respectively. After May 2014, 134Cs and 110mAg cannot be detected and the activity of 137Cs returned to the background level before FDNPPA. Radiation dose assessment demonstrated that it was far from causing radiation harm to dolphin fishes in the open ocean of Northwest Pacific and humans who ingested them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fangfang Deng
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Men W, Wang F, Yu W, He J, Lin F, Deng F. Impact of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on the neon flying squids in the Northwest Pacific from 2011 to 2018. Environ Pollut 2020; 264:114647. [PMID: 32380393 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Following nine years since the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Acciden (FDNPPA), it might be the time to draw a much clearer conclusion for the impact of FDNPPA on marine biota. In this work, the evolution of the FDNPPA derived 134Cs, 137Cs and 110mAg in the neon flying squids in the Northwest Pacific from 2011 to 2018 were studied. The background level of 137Cs in neon flying squids (<0.10 Bq/kgfresh weight with the average of 0.017 Bq/kgfresh weight) before FDNPPA were estimated. The radioactive levels of 134Cs, 137Cs and 110mAg in neon flying squids decreased with time. 134Cs and 110mAg decreased at the half-lives of 7.6 months and 5.7 months at the population level, respectively. After May 2014, 134Cs and 110mAg cannot be detected and 137Cs activities returned to the background level before FDNPPA. BCFs of cesium isotopes (3.7-17.7 with the average of 10.8) and 110mAg (∼7 × 104) for neon flying squids were estimated. The amount of 110mAg released into the Northwest Pacific (∼20-∼26 TBq) were firstly calculated using a 134Cs/110mAgactivity ratio method. Radiation dose assessment demonstrated that it was far from causing radiation harm to neon flying squids in the open ocean of Northwest Pacific and humans who ingested these neon flying squids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fangfang Deng
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Men W, Zheng J, Wang H, Ni Y, Kumamoto Y, Yamada M, Uchida S. Pu isotopes in the seawater off Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant site within two months after the severe nuclear accident. Environ Pollut 2019; 246:303-310. [PMID: 30557804 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The marine environment is complex, and it is desirable to have measurements for seawater samples collected at the early stage after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident to determine the impact of Fukushima-derived radionuclides on this environment. Here Pu isotopes in seawater collected 33-163 km from the FDNPP site at the very early stage after the accident were determined (May 2011, within two months after the accident). The distribution and temporal variation of 239Pu and 240Pu were studied. The results indicated that both 239+240Pu activity concentrations (from 0.81 ± 0.16 to 11.18 ± 1.28 mBq/m3) and 240Pu/239Pu atom ratios (from 0.216 ± 0.032 to 0.308 ± 0.036) in these seawater samples were within the corresponding background ranges before the accident, and this suggested that Fukushima-derived Pu isotopes, if any, were in too limited amount to be distinguished from the background level in the seawater. The analysis of Pu isotopic composition indicated that the major sources of Pu in the seawater after the accident were still global fallout and the Pacific Proving Ground close-in fallout. The contribution analysis showed that the contributions of the Pacific Proving Ground close-in fallout in the water column of the study area ranged from 26% to 77% with the average being 48%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 491 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan; Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 491 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Hai Wang
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 491 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan; School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Youyi Ni
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 491 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kumamoto
- Research and Development Center for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yamada
- Department of Radiation Chemistry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8564, Japan
| | - Shigeo Uchida
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 491 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
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Ni Y, Zheng J, Guo Q, Men W, Tagami K, Uchida S. Rapid determination of ultra-trace plutonium isotopes (239Pu, 240Pu and 241Pu) in small-volume human urine bioassay using sector-field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1000:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Men W, Deng F, He J, Yu W, Wang F, Li Y, Lin F, Lin J, Lin L, Zhang Y, Yu X. Radioactive impacts on nekton species in the Northwest Pacific and humans more than one year after the Fukushima nuclear accident. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 144:601-610. [PMID: 28692938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the radioactive impacts on 10 nekton species in the Northwest Pacific more than one year after the Fukushima Nuclear Accident (FNA) from the two perspectives of contamination and harm. Squids were especially used for the spatial and temporal comparisons to demonstrate the impacts from the FNA. The radiation doses to nekton species and humans were assessed to link this radioactivity contamination to possible harm. The total dose rates to nektons were lower than the ERICA ecosystem screening benchmark of 10μGy/h. Further dose-contribution analysis showed that the internal doses from the naturally occurring nuclide 210Po were the main dose contributor. The dose rates from 134Cs, 137Cs, 90Sr and 110mAg were approximately three or four orders of magnitude lower than those from naturally occurring radionuclides. The 210Po-derived dose was also the main contributor of the total human dose from immersion in the seawater and the ingestion of nekton species. The human doses from anthropogenic radionuclides were ~ 100 to ~ 10,000 times lower than the doses from naturally occurring radionuclides. A morbidity assessment was performed based on the Linear No Threshold assumptions of exposure and showed 7 additional cancer cases per 100,000,000 similarly exposed people. Taken together, there is no need for concern regarding the radioactive harm in the open ocean area of the Northwest Pacific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Fangfang Deng
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Longshan Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xingguang Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
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Wang Z, Zheng J, Ni Y, Men W, Tagami K, Uchida S. High-Performance Method for Determination of Pu Isotopes in Soil and Sediment Samples by Sector Field-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2017; 89:2221-2226. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtang Wang
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Jian Zheng
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Youyi Ni
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- State
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wu Men
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Keiko Tagami
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Shigeo Uchida
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Men W, Jiang Y, Liu G, Wang F, Zhang Y. Study of water mixing in the coastal waters of the western Taiwan Strait based on radium isotopes. J Environ Radioact 2016; 152:16-22. [PMID: 26630036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Radium is considered to be a useful tracer for studying the physical processes of seawater. In this work, three naturally occurring radium isotopes, (224)Raex, (226)Ra and (228)Ra, were measured in the coastal zone of the western Taiwan Strait during the summer seasons. Based on the distributions of the three radium isotopes and the salinity, we conclude that the water mixing pattern in the study area in summer consists of diluted water flowing from the Jiulong River to the open sea towards the east and southeast, and open sea seawater flowing inward from south to north. The submarine ground water discharges in the estuarine region, as suggested by the radium and salinity data. The residence times of the Jiulong River estuary, ranging from 7 to 49 d, were estimated using the radium isotope pairs (224)Raex and (226)Ra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, PR China.
| | - Yuwu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Guangshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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Yu W, He J, Lin W, Li Y, Men W, Wang F, Huang J. Distribution and risk assessment of radionuclides released by Fukushima nuclear accident at the northwest Pacific. J Environ Radioact 2015; 142:54-61. [PMID: 25644751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the impact of Fukushima Nuclear Accident (FNA) on the marine environment, seawater and a composite squid (Ommastrephe bartrami) sample were collected on the monitoring cruise XT01 during June 16-July 4, 2011. The concentration levels of Cesium-134, Cesium-137, Strontium-90, Silver-110 m, Cobalt-58 and Cobalt-60 were measured both for the seawater and squid samples. The elevated activity levels of Cesium-134 and Cesium-137 were found in the sampling area. Cesium-134 and Silver-110 m, which were usually undetectable before FNA, were also found in the squid sample, with the activity levels of 1.65 ± 0.13 Bq/kg-wet and 0.07 ± 0.01 Bq/kg-wet, respectively. The radiological assessment result showed that the radioactive release from the FNA would not have a significant adverse effect on marine biota at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jianhua He
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wuhui Lin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wu Men
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
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Yin D, Yan X, Fan M, Hu Y, Men W, Sun L, Song F. Secondary degeneration detected by combining voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics in subcortical strokes with different outcomes in hand function. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:1341-7. [PMID: 23391838 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Secondary degeneration of the pyramidal tract after focal motor pathway stroke has been observed by diffusion tensor imaging. However, the relationships between outcomes in hand function and secondary degeneration in widespread regions are not well understood. For the first time, we investigated the differences of secondary degeneration across the whole brain between subgroups of patients with stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 23 patients who had a subcortical stroke in the left motor pathway and displayed only motor deficits. The patients were divided into 2 subgroups: CPH (11 patients) and PPH (12 patients). Twelve healthy controls matched for age and handedness were also recruited. We used both optimized VBM and TBSS to explore differences of FA across the whole brain between CPH and PPH. Furthermore, ROI analysis was carried out in the identified regions detected by VBM analysis to further quantify the degree of secondary degeneration in the CPH and PPH and compare these with healthy controls. RESULTS Compared with PPH, FA was significantly decreased in the CPH in widespread regions of the motor system remote from the primary lesion, including the ipsilesional brain stem, medial frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, supplementary motor area, and contralesional postcentral gyrus. In addition, FA within these identified regions correlated with Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores (hand+wrist). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests a potential biomarker for outcome differences in hand function after subcortical stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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