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Zhang Y, Rózsa M, Liang Y, Bushey D, Wei Z, Zheng J, Reep D, Broussard GJ, Tsang A, Tsegaye G, Narayan S, Obara CJ, Lim JX, Patel R, Zhang R, Ahrens MB, Turner GC, Wang SSH, Korff WL, Schreiter ER, Svoboda K, Hasseman JP, Kolb I, Looger LL. Fast and sensitive GCaMP calcium indicators for imaging neural populations. Nature 2023; 615:884-891. [PMID: 36922596 PMCID: PMC10060165 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 117.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Calcium imaging with protein-based indicators1,2 is widely used to follow neural activity in intact nervous systems, but current protein sensors report neural activity at timescales much slower than electrical signalling and are limited by trade-offs between sensitivity and kinetics. Here we used large-scale screening and structure-guided mutagenesis to develop and optimize several fast and sensitive GCaMP-type indicators3-8. The resulting 'jGCaMP8' sensors, based on the calcium-binding protein calmodulin and a fragment of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, have ultra-fast kinetics (half-rise times of 2 ms) and the highest sensitivity for neural activity reported for a protein-based calcium sensor. jGCaMP8 sensors will allow tracking of large populations of neurons on timescales relevant to neural computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Márton Rózsa
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yajie Liang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Bushey
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Ziqiang Wei
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Jihong Zheng
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Daniel Reep
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | | | - Arthur Tsang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Getahun Tsegaye
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Sujatha Narayan
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jing-Xuan Lim
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Ronak Patel
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Rongwei Zhang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Misha B Ahrens
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Glenn C Turner
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.
| | - Samuel S-H Wang
- Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Wyatt L Korff
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Eric R Schreiter
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Karel Svoboda
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.
- Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.
| | - Jeremy P Hasseman
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.
| | - Ilya Kolb
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Loren L Looger
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.
- Genetically Encoded Neural Indicator and Effector (GENIE) Project, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Korff WL, McHenry MJ. Environmental differences in substrate mechanics do not affect sprinting performance in sand lizards (Uma scoparia and Callisaurus draconoides). J Exp Biol 2011; 214:122-30. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.045682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Running performance depends on a mechanical interaction between the feet of an animal and the substrate. This interaction may differ between two species of sand lizard from the Mojave Desert that have different locomotor morphologies and habitat distributions. Uma scorparia possesses toe fringes and inhabits dunes, whereas the closely related Callisaurus draconoides lacks fringes and is found on dune and wash habitats. The present study evaluated whether these distribution patterns are related to differential locomotor performance on the fine sand of the dunes and the course sand of the wash habitat. We measured the kinematics of sprinting and characterized differences in grain size distribution and surface strength of the soil in both habitats. Although wash sand had a surface strength (15.4±6.2 kPa) that was more than three times that of dune sand (4.7±2.1 kPa), both species ran with similar sprinting performance on the two types of soil. The broadly distributed C. draconoides ran with a slightly (22%) faster maximum speed (2.2±0.2 m s–1) than the dune-dwelling U. scorparia (1.8±0.2 m s–1) on dune sand, but not on wash sand. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in maximum acceleration or the time to attain maximum speed between species or between substrates. These results suggest that differences in habitat distribution between these species are not related to locomotor performance and that sprinting ability is dominated neither by environmental differences in substrate nor the presence of toe fringes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyatt L. Korff
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3060 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | - Matthew J. McHenry
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 321 Steinhaus Hall, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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