1
|
Sreenivas P, Wang L, Wang M, Challa A, Modi P, Hensch NR, Gryder B, Chou HC, Zhao XR, Sunkel B, Moreno-Campos R, Khan J, Stanton BZ, Ignatius MS. A SNAI2/CTCF Interaction is Required for NOTCH1 Expression in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Mol Cell Biol 2023; 43:547-565. [PMID: 37882064 PMCID: PMC10761179 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2256640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a pediatric malignancy of the muscle with characteristics of cells blocked in differentiation. NOTCH1 is an oncogene that promotes self-renewal and blocks differentiation in the fusion negative-RMS sub-type. However, how NOTCH1 expression is transcriptionally maintained in tumors is unknown. Analyses of SNAI2 and CTCF chromatin binding and HiC analyses revealed a conserved SNAI2/CTCF overlapping peak downstream of the NOTCH1 locus marking a sub-topologically associating domain (TAD) boundary. Deletion of the SNAI2-CTCF peak showed that it is essential for NOTCH1 expression and viability of FN-RMS cells. Reintroducing constitutively activated NOTCH1-ΔE in cells with the SNAI2-CTCF peak deleted restored cell-viability. Ablation of SNAI2 using CRISPR/Cas9 reagents resulted in the loss of majority of RD and SMS-CTR FN-RMS cells. However, the few surviving clones that repopulate cultures have recovered NOTCH1. Cells that re-establish NOTCH1 expression after SNAI2 ablation are unable to differentiate robustly as SNAI2 shRNA knockdown cells; yet, SNAI2-ablated cells continued to be exquisitely sensitive to ionizing radiation. Thus, we have uncovered a novel mechanism by which SNAI2 and CTCF maintenance of a sub-TAD boundary promotes rather than represses NOTCH1 expression. Further, we demonstrate that SNAI2 suppression of apoptosis post-radiation is independent of SNAI2/NOTCH1 effects on self-renewal and differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prethish Sreenivas
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Long Wang
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anil Challa
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Paulomi Modi
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Nicole Rae Hensch
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Berkley Gryder
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Xiang R. Zhao
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin Sunkel
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rodrigo Moreno-Campos
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Benjamin Z. Stanton
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Myron S. Ignatius
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hensch NR, Bondra K, Wang L, Sreenivas P, Zhao XR, Modi P, Vaseva AV, Houghton PJ, Ignatius MS. Sensitization to Ionizing Radiation by MEK Inhibition Is Dependent on SNAI2 in Fusion-Negative Rhabdomyosarcoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:123-134. [PMID: 36162055 PMCID: PMC10046682 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma (FN-RMS), a pediatric malignancy with skeletal muscle characteristics, >90% of high-risk patients have mutations that activate the RAS/MEK signaling pathway. We recently discovered that SNAI2, in addition to blocking myogenic differentiation downstream of MEK signaling in FN-RMS, represses proapoptotic BIM expression to protect RMS tumors from ionizing radiation (IR). As clinically relevant concentrations of the MEK inhibitor trametinib elicit poor responses in preclinical xenograft models, we investigated the utility of low-dose trametinib in combination with IR for the treatment of RAS-mutant FN-RMS. We hypothesized that trametinib would sensitize FN-RMS to IR through its downregulation of SNAI2 expression. While we observed little to no difference in myogenic differentiation or cell survival with trametinib treatment alone, robust differentiation and reduced survival were observed after IR. In addition, IR-induced apoptosis was significantly increased in FN-RMS cells treated concurrently with trametinib, as was increased BIM expression. SNAI2's role in these processes was established using overexpression rescue experiments, where overexpression of SNAI2 prevented IR-induced myogenic differentiation and apoptosis. Moreover, combining MEK inhibitor with IR resulted in complete tumor regression and a 2- to 4-week delay in event-free survival (EFS) in preclinical xenograft and patient-derived xenograft models. Our findings demonstrate that the combination of MEK inhibition and IR results in robust differentiation and apoptosis, due to the reduction of SNAI2, which leads to extended EFS in FN-RMS. SNAI2 thus is a potential biomarker of IR insensitivity and target for future therapies to sensitize aggressive sarcomas to IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R. Hensch
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Kathryn Bondra
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Long Wang
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Prethish Sreenivas
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Xiang R. Zhao
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Paulomi Modi
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Angelina V. Vaseva
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Peter J. Houghton
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Myron S. Ignatius
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu X, Xu R, Yu W, Huang F, Zheng XJ, Zhao XR, Li YH, Duan Y. [In situ recurrence and sacral metastasis after surgery: a case of adrenal pheochromocytoma]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022; 61:1260-1262. [PMID: 36323570 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20211229-00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - R Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - W Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - F Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - X J Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - X R Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Y H Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yanhua Duan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhong MQ, Guo L, Xu JL, Lou JZ, Zhao XR, Tan W, Zheng W. [Invasions of trachea, esophagus and recurrent laryngeal nerve by parathyroid carcinoma: a case report]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 57:1132-1134. [PMID: 36177572 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20220309-00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Q Zhong
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - L Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - J L Xu
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - J Z Lou
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - X R Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - W Tan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Wen Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao XR, Xing ZW, Jiang EH. [Standard analysis and implementation suggestions of "General Principles for Diagnosis of Occupational Radiation Diseases"]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:459-461. [PMID: 35785904 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210207-00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The national standard "General Principles for the Diagnosis of Occupational Radiation Diseases" (GBZ112-2017) was issued and implemented to replace "General Principles for the Diagnosis of Occupational Radiation Diseases" (GBZ112-2002). In this paper, the significance of the new standard, the background of revision, the revision basis of important indicators and the matters needing attention in the application of the standard were interpretated in detail. Especially for the revision basis of important indicators, such as the determination of the basic principles of diagnosis, the diagnostic basis, the principle of dose evaluation and the principle of treatment are explained in detail, so as to avoid the possible misunderstandings and misgiving in the use of the standard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X R Zhao
- Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Z W Xing
- Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - E H Jiang
- Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhao XR, Yuan YF, Zhang Y, Chen YG. [Effect of hormones on keratoconus and its mechanism]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 58:309-314. [PMID: 35391519 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20210425-00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Keratoconus is an ectatic corneal disorder and characterized by central and/or inferior temporal corneal thinning in a cone shape. Studies have shown that its pathogenesis is related to changes in tissue proteins, enzymes, immune functions and specific genes, but the exact pathogenesis has not been clearly clarified yet. Hormones such as sex hormones have been found to be associated with keratoconus. This review aims to summarize and analyze the research progress of the effect of hormones on keratoconus and its mechanism, so as to explore the role of hormones in the early diagnosis of keratoconus and find new targets in the treatment of keratoconus, providing reference for clinical work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X R Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y F Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y G Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang L, Hensch NR, Bondra K, Sreenivas P, Zhao XR, Chen J, Moreno Campos R, Baxi K, Vaseva AV, Sunkel BD, Gryder BE, Pomella S, Stanton BZ, Zheng S, Chen EY, Rota R, Khan J, Houghton PJ, Ignatius MS. SNAI2-Mediated Repression of BIM Protects Rhabdomyosarcoma from Ionizing Radiation. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5451-5463. [PMID: 34462275 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-4191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) and chemotherapy are mainstays of treatment for patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, yet the molecular mechanisms that underlie the success or failure of radiotherapy remain unclear. The transcriptional repressor SNAI2 was previously identified as a key regulator of IR sensitivity in normal and malignant stem cells through its repression of the proapoptotic BH3-only gene PUMA/BBC3. Here, we demonstrate a clear correlation between SNAI2 expression levels and radiosensitivity across multiple rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. Modulating SNAI2 levels in rhabdomyosarcoma cells through its overexpression or knockdown altered radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo. SNAI2 expression reliably promoted overall cell growth and inhibited mitochondrial apoptosis following exposure to IR, with either variable or minimal effects on differentiation and senescence, respectively. Importantly, SNAI2 knockdown increased expression of the proapoptotic BH3-only gene BIM, and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing experiments established that SNAI2 is a direct repressor of BIM/BCL2L11. Because the p53 pathway is nonfunctional in the rhabdomyosarcoma cells used in this study, we have identified a new, p53-independent SNAI2/BIM signaling axis that could potentially predict clinical responses to IR treatment and be exploited to improve rhabdomyosarcoma therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: SNAI2 is identified as a major regulator of radiation-induced apoptosis in rhabdomyosarcoma through previously unknown mechanisms independent of p53.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Nicole R Hensch
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Kathryn Bondra
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Prethish Sreenivas
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Xiang R Zhao
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jiangfei Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.,School of Environmental Safety and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rodrigo Moreno Campos
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Kunal Baxi
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Angelina V Vaseva
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Benjamin D Sunkel
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Berkley E Gryder
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Benjamin Z Stanton
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Siyuan Zheng
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Eleanor Y Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter J Houghton
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Myron S Ignatius
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hao JX, Wang Y, Xu C, Li XG, Wang XG, Zhao XR, Yu CC, Jiang B, Liu Q. [Detection and Analysis of the peripheral lymphocytes micronucleus rate of radiation workers in a city]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 36:527-529. [PMID: 30248769 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To perform lymphocyte micronucleus analysis on radiation workers with long-term exposure to low doses ionizing radiation, Evaluate the health condition of radiation workers, and provide the evidence for strengthening surveillance of radiation workers. Methods: From January 1, 2013 to December 21, 2016, a statistical analysis and evaluation was conducted of the peripheral lymphocytes micronucleus rate in 5 901 radiation workers who had undergone medical examinations of employees at Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Radiation Medicine. Results: The micronucleus rates in radiation workers of the on-job group were higher than the pre-job group (P<0.01) . Significant difference was found among the different sex (t=5.97) , different types (χ(2)=378.69) , different levels of work units (χ(2)=115.48) . Significant difference was found among the micronucleus rates of 672 radiation workers of the on-job group from 2013 to 2016 (χ(2)=92.57, P<0.01) . Conclusion: The peripheral lymphocytes micronucleus rate of radiation workers were significantly higher than non-contact workers. Significant increasing trend of micronucleus rates was noted among the radiation worker with increasing exposure time. The peripheral lymphocytes micronucleus rates of interventional therapy workers were highest. The peripheral lymphocytes micronucleus rates of Private hospitals workers were highest. This phenomenon deserves attention. Protection needs to be strengthened to ensure the health of radiation workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J X Hao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Villar CC, Zhao XR, Livi CB, Cochran DL. Effect of living cellular sheets on the angiogenic potential of human microvascular endothelial cells. J Periodontol 2015; 86:703-12. [PMID: 25594425 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.140362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A fundamental issue limiting the efficacy of surgical approaches designed to correct periodontal mucogingival defects is that new tissues rely on limited sources of blood supply from the adjacent recipient bed. Accordingly, therapies based on tissue engineering that leverage local self-healing potential may represent promising alternatives for the treatment of mucogingival defects by inducing local vascularization. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of commercially available living cellular sheets (LCS) on the angiogenic potential of neonatal dermal human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-dNeo). METHODS The effect of LCS on HMVEC-dNeo proliferation, migration, capillary tube formation, gene expression, and production of angiogenic factors was evaluated over time. RESULTS LCS positively influenced HMVEC-dNeo proliferation and migration. Moreover, HMVEC-dNeo incubated with LCS showed transcriptional profiles different from those of untreated cells. Whereas increased expression of angiogenic genes predominated early on in response to LCS, late-phase responses were characterized by up- and downregulation of angiostatic and angiogenic genes. However, this trend was not confirmed at the protein level, as LCS induced increased production of most of the angiogenic factors tested (i.e., epidermal growth factor [EGF], heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, interleukin 6, angiopoietin, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, placental growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor) throughout the investigational period. Finally, although LCS induced HMVEC-dNeo proliferation, migration, and expression of angiogenic factors, additional factors and environmental pressures are likely to be required to promote the development of complex, mesh-like vascular structures. CONCLUSION LCS favor initial mechanisms that govern angiogenesis but failed to enhance or accelerate HMVEC-dNeo morphologic transition to complex vascular structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina C Villar
- Department of Periodontics, Dental School, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Johanson M, Zhao XR, Huynh-Ba G, Villar CC. Matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases, and inflammation in cyclosporine A-induced gingival enlargement: a pilot in vitro study using a three-dimensional model of the human oral mucosa. J Periodontol 2012; 84:634-40. [PMID: 22934840 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2012.120224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that cyclosporine A (CsA) induces gingival enlargement by promoting an increase in the gingival extracellular matrix (ECM). Nonetheless, the variable occurrence of CsA-induced gingival enlargement in patients receiving this medication indicates a multifactorial pathogenesis. Clinical observations suggest that local inflammation is associated with the development and severity of CsA-induced gingival enlargement. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of CsA and inflammation on the production of ECM homeostatic mediators. METHODS The effects of CsA and inflammation (as assessed using interleukin [IL]-1β) on the secretion of mediators involved in ECM homeostasis were determined using fibroblast monolayers and three-dimensional (3D) models of the human oral mucosa. Fibroblast monolayers and 3D cultures were treated with CsA alone or in combination with IL-1β for up to 72 hours, and the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, and 13 and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) 1, 2, and 4 into the culture medium was assessed using enzyme-linked immunoassay-based antibody arrays. RESULTS Fibroblast monolayers responded to CsA with no changes in the secretion of ECM mediators. Conversely, 3D cultures responded to CsA treatment with a reduction in MMP-10 secretion. IL-1β alone triggered higher secretory levels of MMPs in both fibroblast monolayers (MMP-3 and MMP-10) and 3D cultures (MMP-9 and MMP-10). Importantly, fibroblast monolayers and 3D cultures treated with a combination of IL-1β and CsA showed a decrease in the MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio. CONCLUSIONS These data support the hypothesis that inflammation may alter the pathogenesis of CsA-induced gingival enlargement by promoting a synergistic decrease in the MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Johanson
- Department of Periodontics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang ZZ, Zhao XR, Qin ZF, Fu S, Li XH, Qin XF, Xu XB, Jin ZX. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in mudsnails (Cipangopaludina cahayensis) and sediments from an electronic waste recycling region in South China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2009; 82:206-210. [PMID: 18982234 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-008-9600-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2008] [Accepted: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mudsnails and sediments from an electronic waste recycling region in South China were chosen to study the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) bioavailability of mudsnail in different ambient levels. Significant (p < 0.05) correlations of biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) versus the reciprocal of PBDE concentration in sediment (1/Sed) occurred in all quantitative PBDE congeners except BDE-209, showed that the BSAFs of PBDEs in mudsnails were increased with reciprocal increasing ambient levels. The BDE-183 correlation of mudsnail versus sediment (r = 0.580) was much lower than the correlation of BDE-209 versus BDE-183 in mudsnails (r = 0.812), indicated the main source of BDE-183 in mudsnails was from the debromination of higher brominated PBDEs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Z Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gao LR, Zheng MH, Zhang B, Liu WB, Zhao XR, Zhang QH. Declining polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans levels in the sediments from Dongting Lake in China. Chemosphere 2008; 73:S176-S179. [PMID: 18457858 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.06.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dongting Lake is the second largest freshwater lake in China. Technical sodium pentachlorophenate (Na-PCP) had been sprayed since 1960s to control the spread of snailborne schistosomiasis up to the middle of 1990s. As one of the by-products of Na-PCP, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) may enter the environment. It has been reported that the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in sediments in Dongting Lake were 130-891 pg I-TEQ g(-1) in 1995. High toxicity of sediment to exposed microorganisms and fish may be risk on environment. In order to determine the present levels of the contamination, eight sediment samples from Dongting Lake were analyzed for PCDD/Fs using HRGC-HRMS. Total I-TEQ values for these samples were at a ranged of 0.7-11 pg g(-1), with a mean value of 4.5 pg g(-1). The results show that PCDD/Fs concentrations of contemporary sediment have declined since 1995. Certain PCDD/F congeners as well as OCDD, typical for Na-PCP, predominated in lake sediment indicating that the using of PCP-Na is the main source of PCDD/Fs in the lake. These variations in levels can reflect changes in PCDD/F sources to the environment over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L R Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang ZZ, Zhao XR, Zhao Q, Qin ZF, Qin XF, Xu XB, Jin ZX, Xu CX. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in leaves and soil from typical electronic waste polluted area in South China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2008; 80:340-344. [PMID: 18344015 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-008-9385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2007] [Accepted: 02/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in leaves and soil from typical e-waste polluted area in South China were investigated. The concentrations (ng/g dry weight) of PBDE congeners and summation operatorPBDE of five leaf samples were much lower than those in soil sample. The general patterns of summation di-BDEs to summation hepta-BDEs percentage distribution in leaf samples were similar to those of the soil sample, except the percentage of BDE209 which were lower than in soil. The percentages of summation di-BDEs to summation hepta-BDEs in soil were in the range of those in leaf samples. The results showed that the contamination of PBDEs in the leaf samples had good correlation with the soil around them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Z Yang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang M, Zhao XR, Wang P, Li L, Dai Y, Huang H, Lei P, Zhu HF, Shen GX. Glucose regulated proteins 78 protects insulinoma cells (NIT-1) from death induced by streptozotocin, cytokines or cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2007; 39:2076-82. [PMID: 17689130 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2007.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2007] [Revised: 05/11/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis plays an important role in the destruction of pancreatic beta-cell, and contributes to the development of type 1 diabetes. The chaperone molecule, glucose regulated proteins 78 (GRP78), is required to maintain ER function during toxic insults. In this study, we investigated the effect of GRP78 on the beta-cell apoptosis. We first measured GRP78 protein expression in different phase of streptozotocin-affected beta-cell by immunoblotting analysis. An insulinoma cell line, NIT-1, transfected with GRP78 was established, named NIT-GRP78, and used to study apoptosis, which was induced by streptozotocin or inflammatory cytokines. Apoptosis of NIT-1 or NIT-GRP78 cells was detected by flow cytometry, the transcription of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) was monitored by real-time PCR, the concentration of nitric oxide and the activity of superoxide dismutase were measured by colorimetric method. We found that, in comparison to NIT-1 cells, NIT-GRP78 cells responded to the streptozotocin or cytokines treatments with decreased concentration of nitric oxide, but increased activity of superoxide dismutase. In addition, the level of CHOP was also decreased in the NIT-GRP78 cells, which may mediate the resistance of the GRP78 overexpressed NIT-1 cells from apoptosis. Finally, we found that NIT-GRP78 cells were also more resistant than NIT-1 cells to cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) specific killing detected by flow cytometry through target cells expressing green fluorescent protein cultured with effector cells and finally stained with propidium iodide. The data suggest that modulating GRP78 expression could be useful in preventing pancreatic beta-cell from the immunological destruction in type 1 diabetes individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Wang
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhao XR, Deng L, Weng XX. [The effects of exogenous p16 expression on CDK4, Cyclin D1 and pRb in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2000; 25:428-30. [PMID: 12212108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of exogenous p16 on Cyclin D1, CDK4 and pRb, and to explore the mechanism of the growth suppression of p16 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. METHODS The curve of cell growth rate in three kinds of HNE1, # 3-2 and # 4-2 cell lines was analyzed and their double time was compared. Then the distribution of the cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of p16 and the effect of exogenous p16 expression on CDK4, Cyclin D1 and pRb are studied by means of Western Blot. RESULTS As compared with HNE1, # 3-2 and # 4-2 showed a longer double time(23.4 h vs 28.8 h, 31.2 h). # 4-2 showed a significant accumulation of cells in G0/G1 phase(P < 0.01) and decreasing in S phase(P < 0.05) while HNE1 and # 3-2 had no obvious difference(P > 0.05). Cyclin D1 expression was upregulated in # 4-2 but downregulated in # 3-2 by exogenous expressed p16. No obvious difference on CDK4 expression was found. Hypophosphorylated pRb was detected in three cell lines. The expression was stronger in # 4-2, and # 3-2 than that in HNE1 and Hela. Hyperphosphorylated pRb was also detected in HNE1. CONCLUSION Exogenous p16 expression may arrest cell cycle in G0/G1 phase and suppress cell growth. The major mechanism is not to regulate the level of the expression of CDK4. There might be a threshold in p16 regulating Cyclin D1 expression. However, the final result contributes to the inhibition of pRb phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X R Zhao
- Cancer Research Institute, Hunan Medical University, Changsha 410078
| | | | | |
Collapse
|