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Yu XW, Zhang JA, Xie JP. [Progress in PD-1/PD-L1, PD-L2 signaling pathway and its role in host anti-tuberculosis immunity]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2024; 47:485-489. [PMID: 38706074 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20230904-00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, expressed on a variety of immune cells, play multiple regulatory roles in the host immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In this study, we reviewed that the regulatory roles of PD-1/PD-L1, PD-L2 signaling in the host adaptive immune response, such as the innate response of macrophages, and the interaction between T cells and macrophages in response to MTB. In addition, during MTB infection, PD-1/PD-L1, PD-L2 signaling is also involved in the host inflammatory response, as well as the potential roles of PD-1/PD-L1, PD-L2 in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Yu
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - J A Zhang
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - J P Xie
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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2
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Feng SH, Lyu ZH, Ma JK, Liu SF, Yu XW, Wei YM, Jing PH, Liu XL, Zhou C, Sa N, Xu W. [Clinical analysis of retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2023; 45:955-961. [PMID: 37968081 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20230315-00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the incidence and the related risk factors of retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, evaluate the accuracy of preoperative enhanced CT in judging retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis, and investigate the impact of retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis on the prognosis. Methods: Retrospective analyses were made on 398 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent surgery as the primary therapy and accepted retropharyngeal lymph node exploration and clearance during surgery in Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to clarify the related risk factors of retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis on prognosis. The retropharyngeal lymph nodes of 218 cases with available preoperative enhanced CT images were evaluated by two experienced radiologists and compared with postoperative pathological results. Results: Retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis were confirmed in 54 of 398 (13.6%) cases according to postoperative pathology. The sensitivity and specificity of preoperative enhanced CT in the diagnosis of retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis were 34.6% and 91.1%, respectively, and the overall accuracy was 84.4%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the site of the primary lesion and pathological N stage were independent risk factors for retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Patients with primary lesion located in the posterior wall of hypopharynx (OR=4.83, 95% CI: 1.27-18.40), N2 stage (OR=6.30, 95% CI: 2.25-17.67), and N3 stage (OR=26.89, 95% CI: 5.76-125.58) were prone to retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis. The 5-year overall survival rate of the 398 patients was 50.4%, and the 5-year disease-free survival rate was 48.3%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that T stage, N stage, retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis, and radiotherapy were independent influencing factors for overall survival (T stage: HR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.06-1.54; N stage: HR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.14-1.40; retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis: HR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.47-3.08; radiotherapy: HR=0.54, 95% CI: 0.38-0.76) and disease-free survival of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (T stage: HR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.06-1.51; N stage: HR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.13-1.37; retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis: HR=2.24, 95% CI: 1.56-3.21; radiotherapy: HR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.40-0.77). Conclusions: Metastasis of retropharyngeal lymph nodes in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is not rare. Enhanced CT is of low accuracy and limited value in diagnosing retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis. Primary lesions located in the posterior wall of the hypopharyngx, N2 stage, and N3 stage are independent high-risk factors for retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis. The prognosis of hypopharyngeal cancer patients with retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis is worse, and active surgical exploration and clearance can effectively reduce the mortality caused by retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Feng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Z H Lyu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - J K Ma
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - S F Liu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - X W Yu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Y M Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Radiotherapy, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - P H Jing
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - X L Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - C Zhou
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - N Sa
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - W Xu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
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3
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Li ZG, Cheng Y, Huang ZH, Shi HQ, Yu XW, Shao MM. [Primary acquired progressive lymphangioma of the breast: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:739-741. [PMID: 37408411 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20221108-00927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z G Li
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Z H Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - H Q Shi
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - X W Yu
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - M M Shao
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
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Huang L, Liu B, Yu XW, Pan GQ, Xu JY, Yan D, Wang YL, Guo QN. Rat tight junction proteins are disrupted after subchronic exposure to okadaic acid. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:62201-62212. [PMID: 36940028 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26471-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA), a lipophilic phycotoxin distributed worldwide, causes diarrheic shellfish poisoning and even leads to tumor formation. Currently, the consumption of contaminated seafood is the most likely cause of chronic OA exposure, but there is a serious lack of relevant data. Here, the Sprague-Dawley rats were exposure to OA by oral administration at 100 µg/kg body weight, and the tissues were collected and analyzed to assess the effect of subchronic OA exposure. The results showed that subchronic OA administration disturbed colonic mucosal integrity and induced colitis. The colonic tight junction proteins were disrupted and the cell cycle of colonic epithelial cells was accelerated. It is inferred that disruption of the colonic tight junction proteins might be related to the development of chronic diarrhea by affecting water and ion transport. Moreover, the accelerated proliferation of colonic epithelial cells indicated that subchronic OA exposure might promote the restitution process of gut barrier or induce tumor promoter activity in rat colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Huang
- Department of Pathology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wen Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine to Prevent and Treat Autoimmune Diseases, Chongqing, 400021, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Qiang Pan
- Department of Pathology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yi Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Pathology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Nan Guo
- Department of Pathology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao YYS, Yu J, Wei G, Pan L, Liu X, Lin Y, Liu Y, Sun C, Wang X, Wang J, Xu W, Rao Y, Xu W, Sun T, Chen F, Zhang B, Lin H, Zhang Z, Hu S, Li XY, Yu XW, Qu SY, Zhou DS, Wu X, Zeng X, Li X, Tang H, Liu J. In situ analysis of surface composition and meteorology at the Zhurong landing site on Mars. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad056. [PMID: 37181084 PMCID: PMC10171622 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The Zhurong rover of the Tianwen-1 mission landed in southern Utopia Planitia, providing a unique window into the evolutionary history of the Martian lowlands. During its first 110 sols, Zhurong investigated and categorized surface targets into igneous rocks, lithified duricrusts, cemented duricrusts, soils and sands. The lithified duricrusts, analyzed by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) onboard Zhurong, show elevated water contents and distinct compositions from those of igneous rocks. The cemented duricrusts are likely formed via water vapor-frost cycling at the atmosphere–soil interface, as supported by the local meteorological conditions. Soils and sands contain elevated magnesium and water, attributed to both hydrated magnesium salts and adsorbed water. The compositional and meteorological evidence indicates potential Amazonian brine activities and present-day water vapor cycling at the soil–atmosphere interface. Searching for further clues to water-related activities and determining the water source by Zhurong are critical to constrain the volatile evolution history at the landing site.
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6
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Yu XW, Shi Y, Gao Y, Fan ZG. [A family with nanophthalmos caused by a TMEM98 gene variant]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 58:932-935. [PMID: 36348534 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20211203-00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A family with nanophthalmos was genetically investigated. The proband of this family was a 34-year-old male, who was diagnosed as binocular glaucoma two years ago and was admitted to Beijing Tongren Eye Center due to impaired vision in his right eye for 2 months. The intraocular pressure was controlled with two anti-glaucoma medications, the range of the angle closure was>300 degrees, and the cup-disk ratio was significantly increased in both eyes. The axial length of the right and left eyes was 17.45 mm and 17.36 mm, respectively. A heterozygous missense variant of the TMEM98 gene was detected by gene sequencing (C. 602G>C, P.R201p). Both eyes were diagnosed with nanophthalmos and secondary angle-closure glaucoma. The father of the proband was found to carry a homozygous variant in the same gene, while the daughter of the proband carried the same heterozygous variant as the proband. Both of them were diagnosed as binocular nanophthalmos in combination with clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Yu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Shi
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Gao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Z G Fan
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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7
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Yu XW, Zhou JZ, Xu EW, Liu JY, Li MC, Wu JJ, Yang QY. [Expression and regulatory role of ultraconserved long non-coding RNA uc.77 in lung cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2022; 44:1102-1111. [PMID: 36319456 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200730-00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of ultra-conservative long non-coding RNA uc.77 in lung cancer. Methods: Lung cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from 61 patients with lung cancer who were diagnosed with lung cancer and underwent surgery from 2014 to 2016 in the General Hospital of the Southern Theater Command of the People's Liberation Army. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the uc.77 relative expressions in normal human bronchial epithelial cells 16HBE, lung cancer cell lines, and 61 pair lung cancer tissues. Uc.77 siRNA was transfected into lung cancer cells to interfere with the expression of uc.77, qRT-PCR was used to verify the interference effect, CCK8 method and clone formation experiment were used to detect cell proliferation ability, flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and cell cycle changes. H1299 cells transfected with uc.77 siRNA were injected into the subcutaneous right side of BALB/c nude mice to construct a tumor-bearing model for exploring the role of uc.77 on tumor growth. Western blot and qRT-PCR methods were used to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of p21. Results: The relative expression levels of uc.77 in lung cancer cell lines 95D, H1299, A549, H460, H446 and 16HBE-T were significantly higher than that of 16HBE cells (P<0.05). The uc.77 RNA expression levels of lung cancer tissues was significantly higher than that of the adjacent normal tissues (P<0.001). In addition, increased lncRNA uc.77 expression was significantly associated with big tumor size, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage (P<0.05). After transfection with uc.77 siRNA, the expressions of uc.77 in H1299, 95-D and 16HBE-T cells were reduced (P<0.05), and the cell proliferation capacities were reduced at 48 hours and 72 hours (P<0.05). After transfection with uc.77 siRNA-1, the G(0)/G(1) phase cell ratio of H1299 siRNA-1 group [(71.86±3.46)%] was higher than those of H1299-control group [(47.62±5.48)%] and H1299 siRNA-NC group [(61.38±5.62)%, P<0.05], S phase cell ratio of H1299 siRNA-1 group [(14.99±3.61)%] was lower than those of H1299-control group [(34.95±7.05)%] and H1299 siRNA-NC group [(23.75±5.87)%, P<0.05], the apoptosis rate of H1299 siRNA-1 group [(4.90±1.80)%] was higher than those of H1299-control group [(3.30±0.80)%] and H1299 siRNA-NC group [(2.80±1.20)%, P<0.05], the colony formation rate of H1299 siRNA-1 group [(19.20±2.00)%] was lower than those of H1299 control group [(32.60±2.00)%] and H1299 siRNA-NC group [(34.40±1.00)%, P<0.05]. The results of the nude mice tumor formation experiment showed that the tumor volume of the H1299 siRNA-1 group was significantly lower than those of the H1299-control group and the H1299-negative control group (P<0.05), the average tumor weight of H1299 siRNA-1 group was significantly lower than those of H1299-control group and H1299-negative control group (P<0.05), tumor cell growth marker Ki-67 in the H1299 siRNA-1 group showed weak positive, and Ki-67 in the H1299-control group and H1299-negative control group showed positive. The result of qRT-PCR analysis showed that the mRNA expression level of p21 in H1299 siRNA-1 group (2.57±0.45) was higher than those in H1299 control group (1.00±0.00, P=0.001) and H1299 siRNA-NC group (1.52±0.37, P=0.009). The result of western blotting analysis also showed that the expression of p21 protein level in H1299 siRNA-1 group increased. Conclusions: The expression of ultraconserved long non-coding RNA uc.77 is elevated in lung cancer cell lines and lung cancer tissues. Silencing the expression of ultraconservative long noncoding RNA uc.77 can inhibit tumor growth, and blocking uc.77 expression may be a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Yu
- Institute of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - J Z Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - E W Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of the Southern Theater Command of the PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - J Y Liu
- Institute of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - M C Li
- Institute of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - J J Wu
- Institute of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Q Y Yang
- Institute of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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Huang L, Gong J, Hu Y, Tan QL, Liu B, Yu XW, Hao XL, Guo QN. Long-term exposure to low levels of okadaic acid accelerates cell cycle progression in colonic epithelial cells via p53 and Jak/Stat3 signaling pathways. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10444. [PMID: 36105456 PMCID: PMC9465354 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As a major component of diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins, okadaic acid (OA) is widely distributed worldwide, and causes a series of serious public health problems. In colon tissue, previous studies have shown that high doses of OA can affect various intracellular processes, including destroy intercellular communication at gap junctions, induce cell apoptosis and trigger cell cycle arrest. However, there is a scarcity of studies on the effect and mechanism of action of low doses of OA in colonic tissues. In this study, we observed that exposure to low levels of OA altered cell cycle progression in vitro and in vivo. Investigation of the underlying mechanism revealed that OA induced alterations in the cell cycle by inhibiting the p53 signaling pathway or inducing the Jak/Stat3 signaling pathway. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights into the effect and mechanism underlying long-term exposure to low levels of OA. Long-term exposure to low levels of OA accelerates cell cycles in vitro and in vivo OA induced changes in cell cycle by inhibiting the p53 signaling pathway OA induced changes in cell cycle by inducing the Jak/Stat3 signaling pathway
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Song JA, He BM, Li HS, Yu XW, Shi ZK, Ren GY, Chen H, Gao X, Wang LH, Xu CL, Zeng SX, Wang HF. A Prospective Study Comparing Cancer Detection Rates of Transperineal Prostate Biopsies Performed by Junior Urologists versus a Senior Consultant in a Real-World Setting. Urol Int 2021; 106:884-890. [PMID: 34818262 DOI: 10.1159/000518493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate biopsy (PB) is a typical daily practice method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). This study aimed to compare the PCa detection rates and peri- and postoperative complications of PB among 3 residents and a consultant. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 343 patients who underwent PB between August 2018 and July 2019 were involved in this study. Residents were systematically trained for 2 weeks by a consultant for performing systematic biopsy (SB) and targeted biopsy (TB). And then, 3 residents and the consultant performed PB independently every quarter due to routine rotation in daily practice. The peri- and postoperative data were collected from a prospectively maintained database (www.pc-follow.cn). The primary outcome and secondary outcome were to compare the PCa detection rates and complications between the residents and consultant, respectively. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the residents and consultant in terms of overall PCa detection rates of SB and TB or further stratified by prostate-specific antigen value and prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) scores. We found the consultant had more TB cores (175 cores vs. 86-114 cores, p = 0.043) and shorter procedural time (mean 16 min vs. 19.7-20.1 min, p < 0.001) versus the residents. The complication rate for the consultant was 6.7% and 5%-8.2% for the residents, respectively (p = 0.875). CONCLUSIONS The residents could get similar PCa detection and complication rates compared with that of the consultant after a 2-week training. However, the residents still need more cases to shorten the time of the biopsy procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ao Song
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,
| | - Bi-Ming He
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu-Sheng Li
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Kai Shi
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guan-Yu Ren
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Hui Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan-Liang Xu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Xiong Zeng
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Feng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Pandey K, Yu XW, Steinmetz A, Alberini CM. Autophagy coupled to translation is required for long-term memory. Autophagy 2021; 17:1614-1635. [PMID: 32501746 PMCID: PMC8354608 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1775393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in protein synthesis following learning is a fundamental and evolutionarily conserved mechanism of long-term memory. To maintain homeostasis, this protein synthesis must be counterbalanced by mechanisms such as protein degradation. Recent studies reported that macroautophagy/autophagy, a major protein degradation mechanism, is required for long-term memory formation. However, how learning regulates autophagy and recruits it into long-term memory formation remains to be established. Here, we show that inhibitory avoidance in rats significantly increases the levels of autophagy and lysosomal degradation proteins, including BECN1/beclin 1, LC3-II, SQSTM1/p62 and LAMP1, as well as autophagic flux in the hippocampus. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition or targeted molecular disruption of the learning-induced autophagy impairs long-term memory, leaving short-term memory intact. The increase in autophagy proteins results from active translation of their mRNA and not from changes in their total mRNA levels. Additionally, the induction of autophagy requires the immediate early gene Arc/Arg3.1. Finally, in contrast to classical regulation of autophagy in other systems, we found that the increase in autophagy upon learning is dispensable for the increase in protein synthesis. We conclude that coupling between learning-induced translation and autophagy, rather than translation per se, is an essential mechanism of long-term memory.Abbreviations: AAV: adeno-associated virus; ARC/ARG3.1: activity regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein; ATG: autophagy related; DG: dentate gyrus; GFP: green fluorescent protein; IA: inhibitory avoidance; LAMP1: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; ODN: oligodeoxynucleotide; qPCR: quantitative polymerase chain reaction; SBI: SBI0206965; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; SUnSET: surface sensing of translation; TRAP: translating ribosome affinity purification; ULK1: unc-51 like kinase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Pandey
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Wen Yu
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam Steinmetz
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Yu XW, Pandey K, Katzman AC, Alberini CM. A role for CIM6P/IGF2 receptor in memory consolidation and enhancement. eLife 2020; 9:54781. [PMID: 32369018 PMCID: PMC7200152 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor, also called insulin-like growth factor two receptor (CIM6P/IGF2R), plays important roles in growth and development, but is also extensively expressed in the mature nervous system, particularly in the hippocampus, where its functions are largely unknown. One of its major ligands, IGF2, is critical for long-term memory formation and strengthening. Using CIM6P/IGF2R inhibition in rats and neuron-specific knockdown in mice, here we show that hippocampal CIM6P/IGF2R is necessary for hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation, but dispensable for learning, memory retrieval, and reconsolidation. CIM6P/IGF2R controls the training-induced upregulation of de novo protein synthesis, including increase of Arc, Egr1, and c-Fos proteins, without affecting their mRNA induction. Hippocampal or systemic administration of mannose-6-phosphate, like IGF2, significantly enhances memory retention and persistence in a CIM6P/IGF2R-dependent manner. Thus, hippocampal CIM6P/IGF2R plays a critical role in memory consolidation by controlling the rate of training-regulated protein metabolism and is also a target mechanism for memory enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Yu
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Kiran Pandey
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Aaron C Katzman
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, United States
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12
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Yu XW, Lin S, Du HZ, Zhao RP, Feng SY, Yu BY, Zhang LY, Li RM, Qian CM, Luo XJ, Yuan ST, Sun L. Synergistic combination of DT-13 and topotecan inhibits human gastric cancer via myosin IIA-induced endocytosis of EGF receptor in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2018; 7:32990-3003. [PMID: 27105508 PMCID: PMC5078069 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy has a higher success rate for many cancers compared to mono-therapy. The treatment of Topotecan (TPT) on gastric cancer (GC) is limited by its toxicity and the potential drug resistance. We found that the combination of the saponin monomer 13 from the dwarf lilyturf tuber (DT-13), performing anti-metastasis and anti-angiogenesis effects, with TPT synergistically induced apoptotic cytotoxicity in GCs with high EGF receptor (EGFR) expression, which was dependent on DT-13-induced endocytosis of EGFR. With TPT, DT-13 promoted EGFR ubiquitin--mediated degradation through myosin IIA-induced and Src/ caveolin-1 (Cav-1)-induced endocytosis of EGFR; inhibited EGFR downstream signalling and then increased the pro-apoptotic effects. Moreover, the synergistic pro-apoptotic efficacy of DT-13 and TPT in GCs with high EGFR expression was eliminated by both the NM II inhibitor (−)-blebbistatin and MYH-9 shRNA. The combination therapy of DT-13 with TPT showed stronger anti-tumour effects in vivo compared with their individual effects. Moreover, the results of combination therapy revealed selective upregulation of pro-apoptotic activity in TUNEL assays and cleaved caspase-3 and NM IIA in immunohischemical analysis; while specific downregulation of p-extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2), EGFR and Cav-1 in immunohischemical analysis. Collectively, these findings have significant clinical implications for patients with tumours harbouring high EGFR expression due to the possible high sensitivity of this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Yu
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sensen Lin
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Zhi Du
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren-Ping Zhao
- Department of Biophysics, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Shu-Yun Feng
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo-Yang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu-Yong Zhang
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui-Ming Li
- Tasly Research Institute, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Chang-Min Qian
- Tasly Research Institute, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Jun Luo
- Tasly Research Institute, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Sheng-Tao Yuan
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Sun
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Xu ZS, Zhang FP, Zhang Y, Ou-Yang YP, Yu XW, Wang WL, Xu WJ, Luo ZQ. Prognostic role of the pre-treatment platelet-lymphocyte ratio in pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99003-99012. [PMID: 29228745 PMCID: PMC5716785 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Recently, the pre-treatment platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), which is based on blood parameters, was accepted as a prognostic factor for patients with various cancers. Numerous studies have investigated the prognostic role of the PLR in pancreatic cancer; however, it remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between the pre-treatment PLR and overall survival (OS) in pancreatic cancer. Materials and Methods We performed a systematic literature search of the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases for relevant studies that explored the prognostic role of the pre-treatment PLR in pancreatic cancer. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) related to OS were pooled using a random effects model. Results Fourteen retrospective cohort studies involving 2,260 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with low PLR, high PLR was a predictor of shorter OS (HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.10–1.39, I2 = 74%). Conclusions In this meta-analysis, high pre-treatment PLR was a bio-predictor of short OS in patients with pancreatic cancer, suggesting that PLR could be used to predict prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer before treatment. However, additional well-designed and large-scale studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Shui Xu
- Department of General Surgery, GuangRen Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710000, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fa-Peng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong-Peng Ou-Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen-Long Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen-Ji Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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14
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Pitt J, Wilcox KC, Tortelli V, Diniz LP, Oliveira MS, Dobbins C, Yu XW, Nandamuri S, Gomes FCA, DiNunno N, Viola KL, De Felice FG, Ferreira ST, Klein WL. Neuroprotective astrocyte-derived insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 stimulates endocytic processing and extracellular release of neuron-bound Aβ oligomers. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:2623-2636. [PMID: 28963439 PMCID: PMC5620371 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-06-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptopathy underlying memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly thought to be instigated by toxic oligomers of the amyloid beta peptide (AβOs). Given the long latency and incomplete penetrance of AD dementia with respect to Aβ pathology, we hypothesized that factors present in the CNS may physiologically protect neurons from the deleterious impact of AβOs. Here we employed physically separated neuron-astrocyte cocultures to investigate potential non-cell autonomous neuroprotective factors influencing AβO toxicity. Neurons cultivated in the absence of an astrocyte feeder layer showed abundant AβO binding to dendritic processes and associated synapse deterioration. In contrast, neurons in the presence of astrocytes showed markedly reduced AβO binding and synaptopathy. Results identified the protective factors released by astrocytes as insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1). The protective mechanism involved release of newly bound AβOs into the extracellular medium dependent upon trafficking that was sensitive to exosome pathway inhibitors. Delaying insulin treatment led to AβO binding that was no longer releasable. The neuroprotective potential of astrocytes was itself sensitive to chronic AβO exposure, which reduced insulin/IGF1 expression. Our findings support the idea that physiological protection against synaptotoxic AβOs can be mediated by astrocyte-derived insulin/IGF1, but that this protection itself is vulnerable to AβO buildup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Pitt
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.,Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Kyle C Wilcox
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Vanessa Tortelli
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 21944-590, Brazil
| | - Luan Pereira Diniz
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 21944-590, Brazil
| | - Maira S Oliveira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 21944-590, Brazil
| | - Cassandra Dobbins
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Xiao-Wen Yu
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Sathwik Nandamuri
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Flávia C A Gomes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 21944-590, Brazil
| | - Nadia DiNunno
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Kirsten L Viola
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Fernanda G De Felice
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 21944-590, Brazil.,Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Sergio T Ferreira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 21944-590, Brazil.,Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 21944-590, Brazil
| | - William L Klein
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
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15
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Yu XW, Curlik DM, Oh MM, Yin JC, Disterhoft JF. CREB overexpression in dorsal CA1 ameliorates long-term memory deficits in aged rats. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28051768 PMCID: PMC5214885 DOI: 10.7554/elife.19358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying age-related cognitive deficits are not yet fully elucidated. In aged animals, a decrease in the intrinsic excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons is believed to contribute to age-related cognitive impairments. Increasing activity of the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in young adult rodents facilitates cognition, and increases intrinsic excitability. However, it has yet to be tested if increasing CREB expression also ameliorates age-related behavioral and biophysical deficits. To test this hypothesis, we virally overexpressed CREB in CA1 of dorsal hippocampus. Rats received CREB or control virus, before undergoing water maze training. CREB overexpression in aged animals ameliorated the long-term memory deficits observed in control animals. Concurrently, cells overexpressing CREB in aged animals had reduced post-burst afterhyperpolarizations, indicative of increased intrinsic excitability. These results identify CREB modulation as a potential therapy to treat age-related cognitive decline. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.19358.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Yu
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University,Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States
| | - Daniel M Curlik
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University,Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States.,Department of Behavioral Sciences, Psychology Program, York College of Pennsylvania, York, United States
| | - M Matthew Oh
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University,Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States
| | - Jerry Cp Yin
- Departments of Genetics and Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States
| | - John F Disterhoft
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University,Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States
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16
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Sun Y, Wang YX, Zhang J, Yu XW, Ge SS, Wang H, Dong J, Guo XH, Wang W. [Comparison of gender specific structure profiles of immunoglobulin G N-glycans]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2016; 37:1409-1412. [PMID: 27765135 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze and compare the gender specific structure profiles of immunoglobulin G(IgG) N-glycans and provide evidence to understand the distribution of the structure of IgG N-glycans in general population. Methods: A cluster sampling was conducted to randomly select 669 participants from Beijing Xuanwu Hospital during January-June 2012. Venous blood sample (5 ml) was collected from each participant with vacuum negative pressure tube containing EDTA. Plasma IgG N-glycome was determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) on Waters BEH Glycan chromatography column and mass spectrometry after the separation, purification and labeling. Finally, we got 24 chromatographic peaks. Each peak represented a different carbohydrate structure. Independent sample t-test or nonparametric test were used to compare the gender specific difference, P<0.05 was regarded as significant. Results: A total of 669 healthy participants were included, including 235 men (35.13%) and 434 women (64.87%). The average age of the participants was (44.23±9.82) years. The core fucosylation level and the galactosylation level of females were higher than those of males [Fn(Z=-2.192, P=0.028), G0n(Z=-7.898, P<0.001), G1n (Z=-2.343, P=0.019), G2n (Z=-8.414, P<0.001)], but FtotalS1/FtotalS2(Z=-5.049, P<0.001) and FS1/FS2 (Z=-3.336, P=0.001) of females were higher than those of males, indicating a higher saliva acidification level in males than in females. Conclusion: IgG N-glycosylation levels might be gender dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Y X Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - J Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - X W Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - S S Ge
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - H Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - J Dong
- Center for Physical Examination, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - X H Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - W Wang
- School of Medical Sciences and Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup WA6027, Australia
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17
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Yu XW, Oh MM, Disterhoft JF. CREB, cellular excitability, and cognition: Implications for aging. Behav Brain Res 2016; 322:206-211. [PMID: 27478142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Humans and laboratory animals display cognitive deficits as they age. However, there are currently no effective therapies available to treat these deficits, as the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Studies using pharmacological compounds have found a link between cognitive performance and the intrinsic cellular excitability of CA1 hippocampal neurons. Therefore, it is of great interest to identify molecular regulators that may be influencing both cognition and neuronal excitability, which could be changed with age. One possible regulator is the transcription factor cAMP response element binding-protein (CREB). In young adult animals, manipulation of CREB activity has resulted in modulation of both cognitive performance on behavioral tasks, and neuronal excitability. While evidence is sparse, studies also point to a dysfunction in CREB signaling with aging. We propose that CREB may be a viable therapeutic target for the treatment of age-related cognitive deficits, along with potential experiments to test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Yu
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - M Matthew Oh
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - John F Disterhoft
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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18
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Yu XW, Curlik DM, Oh MM, Yin JC, Disterhoft JF. P2‐043: Total and activated creb protein levels differentially change in hippocampal sub‐regions with age and correlate with behavioral performance. Alzheimers Dement 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.06.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Zeng SX, Li HZ, Zhang ZS, Lu X, Yu XW, Yang QS, Ma C, Xu CL, Sun YH. Removal of numerous vesical magnetic beads with a self-made magnetic sheath. J Sex Med 2014; 12:567-71. [PMID: 25471258 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual curiosity and the quest for sexual excitement are the most frequent reasons for patients to introduce foreign bodies into the urethra or the bladder. Imagination and surgical skill are essential for urologists to retrieve such vesical foreign bodies. AIM The aim of this study was to describe a novel method for retrieving vesical magnetic beads, which were inserted for autoeroticism by a male adolescent, with a self-made "magnetic sheath." METHODS A 21-year-old young man inserted more than one hundred small magnetic beads into his urethra for sexual excitement, which lately caused symptoms of gross hematuria, frequent urination, and acute lower abdominal pain when walking or urinating. We invented a magnetic sheath by fixing a magnetic bead on the tip of an F9.5 ureteral access sheath to remove the foreign bodies in a minimally invasive way. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The feasibility of using magnetic sheath to remove vesical foreign bodies; and operation duration. RESULTS Under direct visualization of an F8/9.8 ureteroscope, the magnetic sheath could firmly attach to the magnetic bead inside the bladder and could easily pull out 5 to 15 beads each time. It took about 5 minutes to remove all of the 125 magnetic beads by utilizing our magnetic sheath. CONCLUSIONS The self-made magnetic sheath can make the task of removal of magnetic foreign bodies easy to urologists, requiring less time and surgical skills. The new equipment provides a new method for urologists to deal with the challenging task of removing metal vesical foreign bodies which were self-inserted for masturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xiong Zeng
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Dong Y, Chen SC, Yu XW, Fadlalla E, Jin F, Liu RZ. Birth of a healthy child by a woman with inherited Xq duplications who had experienced stillbirths. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:4573-8. [PMID: 25036506 DOI: 10.4238/2014.june.17.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
A 23-year-old woman who had experienced repeated stillbirths, was found to carry an additional segment on the long arm of the X chromosome. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) confirmed the origin of the 2 duplications (about 17.11 Mb). Thus, her karyotype was 46, X, dup (X) (q13.2-q21.1), dup(X) (q21.32-q22.1). We demonstrate that aCGH is a useful complementary tool to cytogenetic analysis for accurately determining banding. To our knowledge, this is the first case with normal apparently phenotype who inherited 2 duplications on Xq. Notably, after 2 stillbirths, she bore a healthy, normal female infant via natural pregnancy. Thus, a carrier of this karyotype can birth a phenotypically normal child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Dong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - S C Chen
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X W Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - E Fadlalla
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - F Jin
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - R Z Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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21
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Ward SM, Himmelstein DS, Ren Y, Fu Y, Yu XW, Roberts K, Binder LI, Sahara N. TOC1: a valuable tool in assessing disease progression in the rTg4510 mouse model of tauopathy. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 67:37-48. [PMID: 24631720 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
All tauopathies result in various forms of cognitive decline and neuronal loss. Although in some diseases, tau mutations appear to cause neurodegeneration, the toxic "form" of tau remains elusive. Tau is the major protein found within neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and therefore it seemed rational to assume that aggregation of tau monomers into NFTs was causal to the disease process. However, the appearance of oligomers rather than NFTs coincides much better with the voluminous neuronal loss in many of these diseases. In this study, we utilized the bigenic mouse line (rTg4510) which conditionally expresses P301L human tau. A novel tau antibody, termed Tau Oligomer Complex 1 (TOC1) was employed to probe mouse brains and assess disease progression. TOC1 selectively recognizes dimers/oligomers and appears to constitute an early stage marker of tau pathology. Its peak reactivity is coincident with other well-known early stage pathological markers such as MC1 and the early-stage phospho-marker CP13. TOC1's reactivity depends on the conformation of the tau species since it does not react with monomer under native conditions, although it does react with monomers under SDS-denaturation. This indicates a conformational change must occur within the tau aggregate to expose its epitope. Tau oligomers preferentially form under oxidizing conditions and within this mouse model, we observe tau oligomers forming at an increased rate and persisting much longer, most likely due to the aggressive P301L mutation. With the help of other novel antibodies, the use of this antibody will aid in providing a better understanding of tau toxicity within Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Ward
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Diana S Himmelstein
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yan Ren
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yifan Fu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xiao-Wen Yu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kaleigh Roberts
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lester I Binder
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Naruhiko Sahara
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Science, Chiba, Japan
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22
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Dong Y, Li LL, Wang RX, Yu XW, Yun X, Liu RZ. Reproductive outcomes in recurrent pregnancy loss associated with a parental carrier of chromosome abnormalities or polymorphisms. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:2849-56. [PMID: 24535899 DOI: 10.4238/2014.january.17.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The subsequent reproductive outcomes in couples with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) associated with chromosome abnormalities or polymorphisms are generally not reported in China. Many RPL carrier couples have decided not to have children. The present study recorded the subsequent delivery, miscarriage, and unpregnancy outcomes of 113 RPL carrier couples and 226 non-carrier couples, and compared differences in reproductive outcomes between couples with different types of chromosome abnormalities or polymorphisms and chromosome normal couples. Our results showed that couples with RPL associated with parental chromosome abnormalities or polymorphisms did not have significantly lower live birth rates than non-carrier couples in China. These results suggest the current guidance given to Chinese RPL couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Dong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - L L Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - R X Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X W Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X Yun
- Department of Cell Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - R Z Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Matilainen H, Yu XW, Tang CW, Berridge MV, McConnell MJ. Sphere formation reverses the metastatic and cancer stem cell phenotype of the murine mammary tumour 4T1, independently of the putative cancer stem cell marker Sca-1. Cancer Lett 2012; 323:20-28. [PMID: 22459350 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) initiate and sustain breast cancers, and several putative markers have been proposed to prospectively isolate BCSC from the non-cancer stem cell population. The candidate BCSC marker Sca-1 is a GPI-linked membrane protein expressed on activated lymphocytes, hematopoietic stem cells and mammary stem cells. Sca-1+ cells were purified from the murine mammary tumour cell line 4T1. However, this did not enrich for a stem-like, tumour initiating or metastatic cell population in vitro or in vivo. Sphere formation, which induced high levels of Sca-1, reduced BCSC gene expression with near complete loss of spontaneous metastasis from sphere-derived tumours. This was associated with decreased expression of TGFB2 and reduced activation of the TGFβ signalling pathway in spheres. Both TGFB2 expression in vitro and spontaneous metastasis in vivo could be restored upon re-differentiation of sphere cells by exposure to serum, and this occurred with retention of the majority of Sca-1 expression. We conclude that while putative BCSC, including spheres, can have high Sca-1 expression, Sca-1 itself is not a marker of BCSC in established 4T1 tumours or the cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli Matilainen
- Cell Survival Laboratory, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Xiao-Wen Yu
- Cell Survival Laboratory, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Ching-Wen Tang
- Vaccine Research Laboratory, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Michael V Berridge
- Cancer Cell Molecular Biology Laboratory, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Melanie J McConnell
- Cell Survival Laboratory, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand.
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Yu XW, Pribiag VS, Acremann Y, Tulapurkar AA, Tyliszczak T, Chou KW, Bräuer B, Li ZP, Lee OJ, Gowtham PG, Ralph DC, Buhrman RA, Stöhr J. Images of a spin-torque-driven magnetic nano-oscillator. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:167202. [PMID: 21599407 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.167202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present the first space- and time-resolved images of the spin-torque-induced steady-state oscillation of a magnetic vortex in a spin-valve nanostructure. We find that the vortex structure in a nanopillar is considerably more complicated than the 2D idealized structure often-assumed, which has important implications for the driving efficiency. The sense of the vortex gyration is uniquely determined by the vortex core polarity, confirming that the spin-torque acts as a source of negative damping even in such a strongly nonuniform magnetic system. The orbit radius is ∼10 nm, in agreement with micromagnetic simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Yu
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Strachan JP, Chembrolu V, Acremann Y, Yu XW, Tulapurkar AA, Tyliszczak T, Katine JA, Carey MJ, Scheinfein MR, Siegmann HC, Stöhr J. Direct observation of spin-torque driven magnetization reversal through nonuniform modes. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:247201. [PMID: 18643621 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.247201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present time-resolved x-ray images with 30 nm spatial and 70 ps temporal resolution, which reveal details of the spatially resolved magnetization evolution in nanoscale samples of various dimensions during reversible spin-torque switching processes. Our data in conjunction with micromagnetic simulations suggest a simple unified picture of magnetic switching based on the motion of a magnetic vortex. With decreasing size of the magnetic element the path of the vortex core moves from inside to outside of the nanoelement, and the switching process evolves from a curled nonuniform to an increasingly uniform mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Strachan
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Strachan JP, Chembrolu V, Yu XW, Tyliszczak T, Acremann Y. Synchronized and configurable source of electrical pulses for x-ray pump-probe experiments. Rev Sci Instrum 2007; 78:054703. [PMID: 17552848 DOI: 10.1063/1.2735566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A method is described for the generation of software tunable patterns of nanosecond electrical pulses. The bipolar, high repetition rate (up to 250 MHz), fast rise time (<30 ps), square pulses are suitable for applications such as the excitation sequence in dynamic pump-probe experiments. Synchronization with the time structure of a synchrotron facility is possible as well as fine control of the relative delay in steps of 10 ps. The pulse generator described here is used to excite magnetic nanostructures with current pulses. Having an excitation system which can match the high repetition rate of a synchrotron allows for utilization of the full x-ray flux and is needed in experiments which require a large photon flux. The fast rise times allow for picosecond time resolution in pump-probe experiments. All pulse pattern parameters are configurable by software.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Strachan
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Yu XW, Yan CF, Jin H, Li X. Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 expression and early spontaneous abortion. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2005; 88:44-8. [PMID: 15617704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2004] [Revised: 08/24/2004] [Accepted: 08/25/2004] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) protein expression in women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion (UESA) and normal pregnancy. METHODS In a prospective study, 62 women with UESA and 60 with normal pregnancy were studied. Decidual membrane TNFR1 was detected by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, and serum soluble TNFR1 were by ELISA. Statistical analyses of resulting data employed the student's t test, the Fisher's Exact, and the nonparametric Wilcoxon test RESULTS The percentage of membrane tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (mTNFR1) positive decidual cells was 16.42+/-7.1 for women with UESA and 12.47+/-5.3 for women with normal pregnancy (p<0.05). The number of mTNFR1 positive cells was more in decidual stromal and vessel endothelial cells in women with UESA, and serum soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1) concentration was significantly higher than in women with normal pregnancy (554.56+/-126.7 pg/ml vs. 175.3+/-52.4 pg/ml; p<0.001). CONCLUSION The overexpression of TNFR1 may contribute to the development of ESA.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Yu
- Center of Maternal and Child Health, First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061 China.
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Cao QL, Wang Z, Yu XW, Teng Y, Zhang QJ, Cai JY. [Comparison of long bone repair in tibia by vascularized fibular grafting of different sides]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2002; 16:109-11. [PMID: 11944514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical effect of repair of massive bone defect in tibia by vascularized fibula grafting of either sides. METHODS Twenty-four cases of massive bone defect in tibia, among which 14 case were repaired by vascularized fibula grafting of the other side and another 10 cases were repaired by those of the same side, from 1987 to 1997 were followed up for 3 to 13 years; the functions of the operated limbs were evaluated according to Enneking Score System, and the outcome of the fibula grafts were assessed by radiographic examination with reference to the standard established by International Symposium on Limb Salvage. RESULTS The average recover rate of the operated limbs in those repaired by the other side grafting was 80.7%, and the average healing period of the fibula graft was 14 weeks with fracture of the graft in one case which made the operated lower limb shorten for about 2.5 cm; the fibula grafts were observed thickened in 43 weeks, on average, and the patients could walk independently without a crutch. While in those repaired by the same side grafting, the average recover rate of the operated limbs was 68.3%, the average healing period of the fibula graft was 17 weeks with fracture of the graft in 3 cases, in 2 of which the lower limbs were shortened for 2 cm and 4 cm respectively, and in the third one infection occurred and amputation was performed finally; the fibula grafts were observed thickened in 49 weeks, on average, which made it available for the patients to walk without a crutch. All of the data showed that there was a significant difference statistically between the differently treated cases. CONCLUSION It's a good choice to repair massive bone defect in tibia by vascularized fibula grafting, and the vascularized fibula graft from the other side could promote the bone healing and accelerate the recover of the function of the operated lower limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Lai Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China, 710032
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Yu XW, Chen GA. Corrections to "on the local minima free condition of the backpropagation learning". IEEE Trans Neural Netw 1996; 7:256. [PMID: 18255580 DOI: 10.1109/tnn.1996.478413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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