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Bidstrup H, Brennan L, Kaufmann L, Meadows A, de la Piedad Garcia X. A systematic review of ecological momentary assessment studies on weight stigma and a call for a large-scale collaboration. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13676. [PMID: 38115555 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight stigma is associated with poor mental health correlates in cross-sectional research. Researchers are increasingly using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) methods, collecting comprehensive within-person data to understand the temporal nature of weight stigma and its biopsychosocial correlates. AIM To systematically review EMA studies on the effect of weight stigma on biopsychosocial correlates and integrate the findings. METHOD PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Medline Complete, and Web of Science were searched and studies were doubled screened (H.B. and X.P.G.). RESULTS Twelve studies (N = 615) met our inclusion criteria. For both between- and within-subject effects, experienced and internalized weight stigmas were associated with negative correlates/outcomes (e.g., higher disordered eating and lower positive mood). However, studies differed in the correlate measures assessed, EMA methods used, and participant instructions provided. Given these inconsistencies, comparison across studies was difficult, and findings could not be reliably integrated. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with previous research, studies from this review suggest weight stigma leads to adverse outcomes. EMA has the potential to overcome many of the limitations present in cross-sectional research on weight stigma and provide more ecologically valid and reliable results. We argue for a collaborative data-sharing consortium with standardized EMA methodologies, so researchers worldwide can contribute to and make use of a large, collective dataset on weight stigma and health correlates (see osf.io/s5ru6/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Bidstrup
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Albury/Wodonga, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leah Brennan
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Albury/Wodonga, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Eating, Weight, and Body Image, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leah Kaufmann
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angela Meadows
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
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Cheers C, Pennay A, de la Piedad Garcia X, Callinan S. Development and Validation of the Cheers Attitudes towards Non-drinkers Scale (CANS). J Health Psychol 2024:13591053231220519. [PMID: 38284405 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231220519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-drinkers report experiencing stigma, which can act as a barrier to non-drinking. Two studies were undertaken to develop and test a new scale to measure attitudes towards non-drinkers. In Study 1, 29 items were presented to 426 Australian drinkers. In Study 2, the refined 12-item Cheers Attitudes to Non-drinkers Scale (CANS) was presented to 389 drinkers. Alcohol consumption, Harm and the Regan Attitudes towards Non-drinkers Scale (RANDS) were presented for scale validation. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors representing the Threats to Fun, Connection and Self that drinkers perceive non-drinkers to pose. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale meets the required fit indices and had good reliability (α = 0.842). Evidence of validity was shown through significant correlations with Alcohol Consumption, Harm and the RANDS. These studies show the CANS to be a reliable and valid measure that could be utilised to understand and modify the stigma experienced by non-drinkers.
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Anderson JR, de la Piedad Garcia X, Falomir-Pichastor JM, Kaufmann LM. Disentangling Gender-Based Attitudes from Sexuality-Based Attitude: The Person-Based Approach to Measuring Implicit Attitudes Toward Gay Men and Lesbian Women. J Homosex 2023:1-34. [PMID: 37417767 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2233657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the person-based approach to measuring implicit attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women-this approach uses face stimuli rather than traditionally used symbols, and creates salient social categories through contextual variation techniques. Across 5 experiments using the Go/No Go Association Task (n = 364), we present evidence that the person-based approach can disentangle implicit gender-based attitudes from implicit sexuality-based attitudes, that these attitudes vary as a function of participant gender and sexuality, and that they are different to attitudes elicited by typically used stimuli. We demonstrate that implicit person-based gender attitudes toward straight and gay people are similar and are consistent with the literature (i.e. attitudes toward [lesbian] women are more positive than attitudes toward [gay] men). However, we reveal a reversed pattern of findings for person-based implicit sexuality attitudes (i.e. attitudes toward gay men are more positive than attitudes toward lesbian women). These findings suggest that the person-based approach uniquely captures nuanced implicit attitudes toward gay men and lesbians, raising important questions regarding previous findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel R Anderson
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Australia
- Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | | | | | - Leah M Kaufmann
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Australia
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Lawrence B, de la Piedad Garcia X, Kite J, Hill B, Cooper K, Flint S. Weight stigma in Australia: a public health call to action. Public Health Res Pract 2022; 32:3232224. [DOI: 10.17061/phrp3232224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Bidstrup H, Brennan L, Hindle A, Kaufmann L, de la Piedad Garcia X. Internalised Weight Stigma Mediates Relationships Between Perceived Weight Stigma and Psychosocial Correlates in Individuals Seeking Bariatric Surgery: a Cross-sectional Study. Obes Surg 2022; 32:3675-3686. [PMID: 36094627 PMCID: PMC9613718 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-06245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Research suggests that internalised weight stigma may explain the relationship between perceived weight stigma and adverse psychological correlates (e.g. depression, disordered eating, body image disturbances). However, few studies have assessed this mechanism in individuals seeking bariatric surgery, even though depression and disordered eating are more common in this group than the general population. Materials and Methods We used data from a cross-sectional study with individuals seeking bariatric surgery (n = 217; 73.6% female) from Melbourne, Australia. Participants (Mage = 44.1 years, SD = 11.9; MBMI = 43.1, SD = 7.9) completed a battery of self-report measures on weight stigma and biopsychosocial variables, prior to their procedures. Bias-corrected bootstrapped mediations were used to test the mediating role of internalised weight stigma. Significance thresholds were statistically corrected to reduce the risk of Type I error due to the large number of mediation tests conducted. Results Controlling for BMI, internalised weight stigma mediated the relationship between perceived weight stigma and psychological quality of life, symptoms of depression and anxiety, stress, adverse coping behaviours, self-esteem, exercise avoidance, some disordered eating measures and body image subscales, but not physical quality of life or pain. Conclusion Although the findings are cross-sectional, they are mostly consistent with previous research in other cohorts and provide partial support for theoretical models of weight stigma. Interventions addressing internalised weight stigma may be a useful tool for clinicians to reduce the negative correlates associated with weight stigma. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11695-022-06245-z.
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Hinton JDX, de la Piedad Garcia X, Kaufmann LM, Koc Y, Anderson JR. A Systematic and Meta-Analytic Review of Identity Centrality among LGBTQ Groups: An Assessment of Psychosocial Correlates. J Sex Res 2022; 59:568-586. [PMID: 34448656 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2021.1967849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The degree to which an identity is an important aspect of one's self-concept (i.e., identity centrality) relates to both health and prejudice experiences of minority groups. Individuals with greater levels of identity centrality view their world through the lens of that identity. This allows them to engage in more positive identity-relevant experiences. However, it could also heighten their perceptions of in-group threat. Among LGBTQ groups, the relationship between identity centrality and psychosocial outcomes is yet to be established. In this paper, we investigated the relationship between LGBTQ identity centrality and psychosocial outcomes via a comprehensive systematic (k = 89, N = 35,950) and meta-analytic (k = 57, N = 26,704) literature review. Results indicated that greater levels of LGBTQ centrality relates to more positive identity-relevant affirmations (.155 ≤ r's ≤ .419), but also greater prejudice/discrimination perceptions and experiences (-.271 ≤ r's ≤ -.128). We found no evidence of a relationship between LGBTQ centrality and health outcomes (-.052 ≤ r's ≤ .040). Importantly, we found that these relationships are more beneficial for some LGBTQ groups (gay men), than for others (bisexual/transgender individuals). Findings from this review provide important and necessary insights on the role of LGBTQ identity centrality and identify crucial gaps in the literature that should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D X Hinton
- School Of Behavioural And Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University
| | | | - Leah M Kaufmann
- School Of Behavioural And Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University
| | - Yasin Koc
- Department Of Social Psychology, University Of Groningen
| | - Joel R Anderson
- School Of Behavioural And Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University
- Australian Research Centre In Sex, Health, & Society, La Trobe University
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Papadopoulos S, de la Piedad Garcia X, Brennan L. Evaluation of the psychometric properties of self-reported weight stigma measures: A systematic literature review. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13267. [PMID: 34105229 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Conceptualisation and measurement of weight stigma varies across available studies assessing those affected. This paper aims to systematically review the psychometric properties of available self-reported measures of weight stigma. METHOD Studies exploring the development and/or validation of weight stigma measures were identified through systematically searching Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The Consensus-based Standards of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist was used to assess the psychometric properties of measures. RESULTS Thirty-six articles, reporting 18 different weight stigma measures, were included. For most included measures, measure development and content validity have not been assessed/reported. Structural validity, internal consistency, and hypothesis testing were the most commonly assessed/reported psychometric properties. High-quality ratings were given only for these properties. Most measures were rated as "indeterminate" and received an overall quality rating of "Very Low" as results were based on limited evidence. CONCLUSIONS Psychometric properties for published weight stigma measures have rarely been assessed/reported. The observed poor methodological quality for measure development, and limited content validity evidence, negatively impact the quality of evidence for the measures. There is a need for studies assessing the psychometric properties of existing weight stigma measures using COSMIN guidelines, and for a well-designed weight stigma measure informed by both theory and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Papadopoulos
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Leah Brennan
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Albury-Wodonga, New South Wales, Australia
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Linardon J, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M, de la Piedad Garcia X, Messer M, Brennan L. Do body checking and avoidance behaviours explain variance in disordered eating beyond attitudinal measures of body image? Eat Behav 2019; 32:7-11. [PMID: 30419421 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Body checking and body avoidance, considered to be behavioural manifestations of core attitudinal disturbances of body image, are theorized to be important contributors to the development and maintenance of eating disorder symptoms. Currently, however, it is unclear whether body checking and body avoidance accounts for variance in disordered eating behaviours beyond core attitudinal components of body image (i.e., over-evaluation, preoccupation, dissatisfaction). This was the objective of the present study. Cross-sectional data were analysed from 320 females recruited through undergraduate psychology programs and throughout the community. Bivariate correlations demonstrated that body checking and avoidance were significantly and positively correlated with each attitudinal component and with each measure of disordered eating (overeating, objective binge eating, and disinhibition). However, body checking and avoidance did not contribute variance (all R2changes ≤ 0.01) to each disordered eating behaviour beyond the variance accounted for by attitudinal components. Future research should aim to identify what specific and unique function these body image behaviours serve. Overall, eating disorder prevention and early intervention programs may benefit from ensuring that all facets of body image concerns are targeted and addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Linardon
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | | | - Xochitl de la Piedad Garcia
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade/Locked Bag 4115, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Mariel Messer
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Leah Brennan
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade/Locked Bag 4115, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia; Centre for Eating, Weight and Body Image, Australia
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Brennan L, Murphy KD, de la Piedad Garcia X, Ellis ME, Metzendorf MI, McKenzie JE. Psychological interventions for adults who are overweight or obese. Hippokratia 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012114.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leah Brennan
- Australian Catholic University; School of Psychology; The Daniel Mannix Building, Young Street, Fitzroy Melbourne Victoria Australia 3065
| | - Kylie D Murphy
- Monash University; Centre for Obesity Research and Education; Level 6, The Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road Melbourne Victoria Australia 3004
| | - Xochitl de la Piedad Garcia
- Australian Catholic University; School of Psychology; The Daniel Mannix Building, Young Street, Fitzroy Melbourne Victoria Australia 3065
| | - Miriam E Ellis
- Australian Catholic University; School of Psychology; The Daniel Mannix Building, Young Street, Fitzroy Melbourne Victoria Australia 3065
| | - Maria-Inti Metzendorf
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf; Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group; Moorenstr. 5 Düsseldorf Germany 40225
| | - Joanne E McKenzie
- Monash University; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine; 553 St Kilda Road Melbourne Victoria Australia 3004
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Linardon J, Wade TD, de la Piedad Garcia X, Brennan L. The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for eating disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol 2017; 85:1080-1094. [PMID: 29083223 DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis examined the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for eating disorders. METHOD Randomized controlled trials of CBT were searched. Seventy-nine trials were included. RESULTS Therapist-led CBT was more efficacious than inactive (wait-lists) and active (any psychotherapy) comparisons in individuals with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Therapist-led CBT was most efficacious when manualized CBT-BN or its enhanced version was delivered. No significant differences were observed between therapist-led CBT for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder and antidepressants at posttreatment. CBT was also directly compared to other specific psychological interventions, and therapist-led CBT resulted in greater reductions in behavioral and cognitive symptoms than interpersonal psychotherapy at posttreatment. At follow-up, CBT outperformed interpersonal psychotherapy only on cognitive symptoms. CBT for binge eating disorder also resulted in greater reductions in behavioral symptoms than behavioral weight loss interventions. There was no evidence that CBT was more efficacious than behavior therapy or nonspecific supportive therapies. CONCLUSIONS CBT is efficacious for eating disorders. Although CBT was equally efficacious to certain psychological treatments, the fact that CBT outperformed all active psychological comparisons and interpersonal psychotherapy specifically, offers some support for the specificity of psychological treatments for eating disorders. Conclusions from this study are hampered by the fact that many trials were of poor quality. Higher quality RCTs are essential. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Linardon
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University
| | | | | | - Leah Brennan
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University
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Linardon J, Wade T, de la Piedad Garcia X, Brennan L. Psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa on symptoms of depression: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:1124-1136. [PMID: 28804915 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depressive symptoms are an important risk factor and consequence of binge eating and purging behavior in bulimia nervosa (BN). Although psychotherapy is effective in reducing symptoms of BN in the short- and long-term, it is unclear whether psychotherapy for BN is also effective in reducing depressive symptoms. This meta-analysis examined the efficacy of psychotherapy for BN on depressive symptoms in the short- and long-term. METHOD Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on BN that assessed depressive symptoms as an outcome were identified. Twenty-six RCTs were included. RESULTS Psychotherapy was more efficacious at reducing symptoms of depression at post-treatment (g = 0.47) than wait-lists. This effect was strongest when studies delivered therapist-led, rather than guided self-help, treatment. No significant differences were observed between psychotherapy and antidepressants. There was no significant post-treatment difference between CBT and other active psychological comparisons at reducing symptoms of depression. However, when only therapist-led CBT was analyzed, therapist-led CBT was significantly more efficacious (g = 0.25) than active comparisons at reducing depressive symptoms. The magnitude of the improvement in depressive symptoms was predicted by the magnitude of the improvement in BN symptoms. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that psychotherapy is effective for reducing depressive symptoms in BN in the short-term. Whether these effects are sustained in the long-term is yet to be determined, as too few studies conducted follow-up assessments. Moreover, findings demonstrate that, in addition to being the front-running treatment for BN symptoms, CBT might also be the most effective psychotherapy for improving the symptoms of depression that commonly co-occur in BN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Linardon
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade/Locked Bag 4115, Melbourne, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Tracey Wade
- School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, 5001, South Australia
| | - Xochitl de la Piedad Garcia
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade/Locked Bag 4115, Melbourne, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Leah Brennan
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade/Locked Bag 4115, Melbourne, Victoria, 3065, Australia
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Mallan KM, Fildes A, de la Piedad Garcia X, Drzezdzon J, Sampson M, Llewellyn C. Appetitive traits associated with higher and lower body mass index: evaluating the validity of the adult eating behaviour questionnaire in an Australian sample. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:130. [PMID: 28938904 PMCID: PMC5610469 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to evaluate the factor structure of the newly developed Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (AEBQ) (Hunot et al., Appetite 105:356-63, 2016) in an Australian sample, and examine associations between the four food approach and four food avoidance appetitive traits with body mass index (BMI). METHODS Participants (N = 998) recruited between May and October 2016 via a university research participation scheme and online social network sites completed an online version of the AEBQ and self-reported demographic and anthropometric data. Of the sample, 84.8% were females, 29.6% had completed a university degree and the overall mean age was 24.32 years (SD = 8.32). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test three alternative factor structures (derived from issues raised in the original development study): the original 8 factor model, a 7 factor model with Food Responsiveness and Hunger scales combined, and a 7 factor model with the Hunger scale removed. RESULTS The CFA revealed that the original 8 factor model was a better fit to the data than the 7 factor model in which Food Responsiveness and Hunger scales were combined. However, while reliability estimates for 7 of the 8 scales were good (Cronbach's α between 0.70-0.86), the reliability of the Hunger scale was modest (0.67) and dropping this factor resulted in a good fitting model. All food avoidance scales (except Food Fussiness) were negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) whereas Emotional Overeating was the only food approach scale positively associated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS The study supports the use of the AEBQ as a reliable and valid measure of food approach and avoidance appetitive traits in adults. Longitudinal studies that examine continuity and stability of appetitive traits across the lifespan will be facilitated by the addition of this measurement tool to the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley M Mallan
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Road, Banyo, QLD, 4014, Australia.
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia.
| | - Alison Fildes
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, Gower St, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - Jayne Drzezdzon
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Road, Banyo, QLD, 4014, Australia
| | - Matthew Sampson
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Road, Banyo, QLD, 4014, Australia
| | - Clare Llewellyn
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, Gower St, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Linardon J, de la Piedad Garcia X, Brennan L. Predictors, Moderators, and Mediators of Treatment Outcome Following Manualised Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review. Eur Eat Disorders Rev 2016; 25:3-12. [DOI: 10.1002/erv.2492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jake Linardon
- School of Psychology; Australian Catholic University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | | | - Leah Brennan
- School of Psychology; Australian Catholic University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
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Linardon J, Brennan L, de la Piedad Garcia X. Rapid response to eating disorder treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:905-919. [PMID: 27528478 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to (a) examine the effects of rapid response on behavioral, cognitive, and weight-gain outcomes across the eating disorders, (b) determine whether diagnosis, treatment modality, the type of rapid response (changes in disordered eating cognitions or behaviors), or the type of behavioral outcome moderated this effect, and (c) identify factors that predict a rapid response. METHOD Thirty-four articles met inclusion criteria from six databases. End of treatment and follow-up outcomes were divided into three categories: Behavioral (binge eating/purging), cognitive (EDE global scores), and weight gain. Average weighted effect sizes(r) were calculated. RESULTS Rapid response strongly predicted better end of treatment and follow-up cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Moderator analyses showed that the effect size for rapid response on behavioral outcomes was larger when studies included both binge eating and purging (as opposed to just binge eating) as a behavioral outcome. Diagnosis, treatment modality, and the type of rapid response experienced did not moderate the relationship between early response and outcome. The evidence for weight gain was mixed. None of the baseline variables analyzed (eating disorder psychopathology, demographics, BMI, and depression scores) predicted a rapid response. DISCUSSION As there is a solid evidence base supporting the prognostic importance of rapid response, the focus should shift toward identifying the within-treatment mechanisms that predict a rapid response so that the effectiveness of eating disorder treatment can be improved. There is a need for future research to use theories of eating disorders as a guide to assess within-treatment predictors of rapid response. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:905-919.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Linardon
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3065, Australia.
| | - Leah Brennan
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3065, Australia
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Brennan L, Murphy KD, de la Piedad Garcia X, Ellis ME, Metzendorf MI, McKenzie JE. Psychological interventions for adults who are overweight or obese. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leah Brennan
- Australian Catholic University; School of Psychology; The Daniel Mannix Building, Young Street, Fitzroy Melbourne Victoria Australia 3065
| | - Kylie D Murphy
- Monash University; Centre for Obesity Research and Education; Level 6, The Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road Melbourne Victoria Australia 3004
| | - Xochitl de la Piedad Garcia
- Australian Catholic University; School of Psychology; The Daniel Mannix Building, Young Street, Fitzroy Melbourne Victoria Australia 3065
| | - Miriam E Ellis
- Australian Catholic University; School of Psychology; The Daniel Mannix Building, Young Street, Fitzroy Melbourne Victoria Australia 3065
| | - Maria-Inti Metzendorf
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf; Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group; Moorenstr. 5 Düsseldorf Germany 40225
| | - Joanne E McKenzie
- Monash University; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine; Level 1, 549 St Kilda Road Melbourne Victoria Australia 3004
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Dredge R, Gleeson J, Garcia XDLP. The Development and Validation of the Social Networking Experiences Questionnaire: A Measure of Adolescent Cyberbullying and Its Impact. Violence Vict 2015; 30:798-812. [PMID: 26299596 DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-14-00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of cyberbullying has been marked by several inconsistencies that lead to difficulties in cross-study comparisons of the frequency of occurrence and the impact of cyberbullying. Consequently, the first aim of this study was to develop a measure of experience with and impact of cyberbullying victimization in social networking sites in adolescents. The second aim was to investigate the psychometric properties of a purpose-built measure (Social Networking Experiences Questionnaire [SNEQ]). Exploratory factor analysis on 253 adolescent social networking sites users produced a six-factor model of impact. However, one factor was removed because of low internal consistency. Cronbach's alpha was higher than .76 for the victimization and remaining five impact subscales. Furthermore, correlation coefficients for the Victimization scale and related dimensions showed good construct validity. The utility of the SNEQ for victim support personnel, research, and cyberbullying education/prevention programs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Dredge
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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Dredge R, Gleeson JFM, de la Piedad Garcia X. Risk Factors Associated with Impact Severity of Cyberbullying Victimization: A Qualitative Study of Adolescent Online Social Networking. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 2014; 17:287-91. [DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2013.0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Dredge
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - John F. M. Gleeson
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Australia
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Rendell PG, Henry JD, Phillips LH, de la Piedad Garcia X, Booth P, Phillips P, Kliegel M. Prospective memory, emotional valence, and multiple sclerosis. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2012; 34:738-49. [PMID: 22471303 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2012.670388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairments in multiple sclerosis (MS) extend to tasks demanding prospective memory (PM): remembering to perform an intended act during ongoing activity. This study investigated whether emotional content influenced the effects of MS on PM, following evidence that emotional valence can influence other aspects of memory. Thirty participants with MS were compared to 30 controls on a PM task, Virtual Week, in which emotion was manipulated. People with MS showed a consistent deficit in PM performance across manipulations of task and valence. Results indicated that emotionally positive tasks improved the PM performance of MS participants, with implications for rehabilitation.
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Rendell PG, Phillips LH, Henry JD, Brumby-Rendell T, de la Piedad Garcia X, Altgassen M, Kliegel M. Prospective memory, emotional valence and ageing. Cogn Emot 2011; 25:916-25. [PMID: 21824029 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2010.508610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Emotional factors have been found to be an important influence on memory. The current study investigated the influence of emotional salience and age on a laboratory measure of prospective memory (PM); Virtual Week. Thirty young and 30 old adults completed Virtual Week, in which the emotional salience of the tasks at encoding was manipulated to be positive, negative or neutral in content. For event-based, but not time-based tasks, positivity enhancement in both age groups was seen, with a greater number of positive PM tasks being performed relative to neutral tasks. There was no negativity enhancement effect. Older adults showed generally poorer levels of PM, but they also demonstrated greater beneficial effects of positive valence compared to young. These effects of emotion on PM accuracy do not appear to reflect the retrospective component of the task as a different pattern of emotion effects was seen on the recall of PM content. Results indicate that older adults' difficulties in prospective remembering can be reduced where the tasks to be remembered are positive.
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