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Kwon W, Kim H, Han Y, Hwang YJ, Kim SG, Kwon HJ, Vinuela E, Járufe N, Roa JC, Han IW, Heo JS, Choi SH, Choi DW, Ahn KS, Kang KJ, Lee W, Jeong CY, Hong SC, Troncoso AT, Losada HM, Han SS, Park SJ, Kim SW, Yanagimoto H, Endo I, Kubota K, Wakai T, Ajiki T, Adsay NV, Jang JY. Role of tumour location and surgical extent on prognosis in T2 gallbladder cancer: an international multicentre study. Br J Surg 2020; 107:1334-1343. [PMID: 32452559 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In gallbladder cancer, stage T2 is subdivided by tumour location into lesions on the peritoneal side (T2a) or hepatic side (T2b). For tumours on the peritoneal side (T2a), it has been suggested that liver resection may be omitted without compromising the prognosis. However, data to validate this argument are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of tumour location in T2 gallbladder cancer, and to clarify the adequate extent of surgical resection. METHODS Clinical data from patients who underwent surgery for gallbladder cancer were collected from 14 hospitals in Korea, Japan, Chile and the USA. Survival and risk factor analyses were conducted. RESULTS Data from 937 patients were available for evaluation. The overall 5-year disease-free survival rate was 70·6 per cent, 74·5 per cent for those with T2a and 65·5 per cent among those with T2b tumours (P = 0·028). Regarding liver resection, extended cholecystectomy was associated with a better 5-year disease-free survival rate than simple cholecystectomy (73·0 versus 61·5 per cent; P = 0·012). The 5-year disease-free survival rate was marginally better for extended than simple cholecystectomy in both T2a (76·5 versus 66·1 per cent; P = 0·094) and T2b (68·2 versus 56·2 per cent; P = 0·084) disease. Five-year disease-free survival rates were similar for extended cholecystectomies including liver wedge resection versus segment IVb/V segmentectomy (74·1 versus 71·5 per cent; P = 0·720). In multivariable analysis, independent risk factors for recurrence were presence of symptoms (hazard ratio (HR) 1·52; P = 0·002), R1 resection (HR 1·96; P = 0·004) and N1/N2 status (N1: HR 3·40, P < 0·001; N2: HR 9·56, P < 0·001). Among recurrences, 70·8 per cent were metastatic. CONCLUSION Tumour location was not an independent prognostic factor in T2 gallbladder cancer. Extended cholecystectomy was marginally superior to simple cholecystectomy. A radical operation should include liver resection and adequate node dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kwon
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y Han
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y J Hwang
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - S G Kim
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - E Vinuela
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Santiago, Chile
| | - N Járufe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Santiago, Chile
| | - J C Roa
- Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - I W Han
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J S Heo
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S-H Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D W Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K S Ahn
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Centre, Daegu, South Korea
| | - K J Kang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Centre, Daegu, South Korea
| | - W Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - C-Y Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - S-C Hong
- Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - A T Troncoso
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - H M Losada
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - S-S Han
- Department of Surgery, Centre for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Centre, Goyang, South Korea
| | - S-J Park
- Department of Surgery, Centre for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Centre, Goyang, South Korea
| | - S-W Kim
- Department of Surgery, Centre for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Centre, Goyang, South Korea
| | - H Yanagimoto
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - I Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - T Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Ajiki
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - N V Adsay
- Department of Pathology, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - J-Y Jang
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim N, Hwang YJ. Editorial: the post-Helicobacter stomach-not the same for cohorts and individuals. Authors' reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:847-848. [PMID: 29446136 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Kim
- Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y J Hwang
- Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Byun J, Son SM, Cha MY, Shong M, Hwang YJ, Kim Y, Ryu H, Moon M, Kim KS, Mook-Jung I. CR6-interacting factor 1 is a key regulator in Aβ-induced mitochondrial disruption and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Cell Death Differ 2014; 22:959-73. [PMID: 25361083 PMCID: PMC4423180 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, often characterized by massive fission and other morphological abnormalities, is a well-known risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). One causative mechanism underlying AD-associated mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to be amyloid-β (Aβ), yet the pathways between Aβ and mitochondrial dysfunction remain elusive. In this study, we report that CR6-interacting factor 1 (Crif1), a mitochondrial inner membrane protein, is a key player in Aβ-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Specifically, we found that Crif1 levels were downregulated in the pathological regions of Tg6799 mice brains, wherein overexpressed Aβ undergoes self-aggregation. Downregulation of Crif1 was similarly observed in human AD brains as well as in SH-SY5Y cells treated with Aβ. In addition, knockdown of Crif1, using RNA interference, induced mitochondrial dysfunction with phenotypes similar to those observed in Aβ-treated cells. Conversely, Crif1 overexpression prevented Aβ-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Finally, we show that Aβ-induced downregulation of Crif1 is mediated by enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-dependent sumoylation of the transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1). These results identify the ROS-Sp1-Crif1 pathway to be a new mechanism underlying Aβ-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and suggest that ROS-mediated downregulation of Crif1 is a crucial event in AD pathology. We propose that Crif1 may serve as a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Byun
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S M Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M-Y Cha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Y J Hwang
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Ryu
- 1] Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Neurology and Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - K-S Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - I Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hwang YJ, Sohn MJ, Lee BH, Kim SY, Seo JW, Han YH, Lee JY, Cha SJ, Kim YH. Radiosurgery for metastatic spinal tumors: follow-up MR findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 33:382-7. [PMID: 22033723 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE MR imaging is the primary tool for evaluation and monitoring of spinal tumors. We retrospectively analyzed the MR imaging findings before and after SRS for metastatic spinal tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed MR imaging findings on 79 metastatic spinal tumor lesions in 44 patients (29 male and 15 female)who had undergone radiosurgery between November 2003 and April 2008. Posttreatment MR imaging was evaluated retrospectively for 3 aspects: 1) changes in tumor volume; 2) changes in T2 signal intensity;and 3) changes in contrast enhancement patterns. RESULTS With regard to tumor volume on MR images, 32 lesions(40.5%) decreased in volume (group 1), 39 (49.4%) showed no change (group 2), and 8 (10.1%) increased in volume (group 3). T2 signal intensities were unchanged in 4 lesions (type 1), homogeneously increased in 3 (type 2), and changed to a homogeneously dark signal in 4 (type 4). The T2 signal intensity was increased and inter mixed with dark signal intensity (type 3) in 68 lesions. A decrease in contrast enhancement with or without non-enhancing foci was seen in 73 lesions. A persistent homogeneous enhancement pattern was seen in all 4 of the type 1 lesions, in 1 of the 3 type 2 lesions, and in 1 of the 68 type 3 lesions. CONCLUSIONS Main MR imaging features of locally controlled metastatic spinal tumors included no increase in tumor volume, increased T2 signal intensity with intermixed T2 dark signal intensity,and decreased contrast enhancement. Follow-up MR imaging also provided several patterns of tumor recurrence [corrected].
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Goyang-si, Gyenggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SG, Chun JM, Jin R, Kim JY, Won DI, Hwang YJ. Living donor liver transplantation for acute hepatic failure caused by reactivation of hepatitis B virus infection after chemotherapy for hematologic malignancy: case reports. Transplant Proc 2010; 42:843-5. [PMID: 20430187 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers occasionally leads to acute hepatic failure (AHF) from viral reactivation resulting in an high mortality rate. In this situation, living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) can be life saving. Herein we have reported 2 cases of successful LDLT performed for AHF caused by reactivation of HBV infection during chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies. In case 1, a 38-year-old male HBV carrier with a neck mass was hisopathologically diagnosed as Hodgkin's lymphoma. During 4 cycles of chemotherapy he developed right upper quadrant pain and jaundice. Laboratory data (alanine amino transferase, 701 U/L, total bilirubin: 7.92 mg/dL, positive hepatitis B e antigen showed that he had experienced an acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis. Soon, he developed grade IV hepatic encephalopathy with a total bilirubin level of 50.56 mg/dL and a model for End-Stage Liver Disease score of 40. After LDLT, he has been free of relapse for 52 months so far. In case 2, a 49-year-old male HBV carrier was diagnosed in the chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. The patient had been under Imatinib treatment for 1 year until he was admitted for AHF. He developed grade II encephalopathy with a total bilirubin of 50.8 mg/dL. We performed LDLT; the patient has been free of relapse for 17 months. LDLT was a life-saving procedure for AHF caused by reactivation of HBV during chemotherapy for hematologic malignancy. It can provide long-term survival if the coexistent hematologic malignancy has been controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Kim
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary Pancreas and Liver Transplantation, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Zhang YP, Wang JH, Wu LF, Wu XW, Cui GF, Lim KB, Hwang YJ. First Report of Pyricularia grisea Causing Gray Leaf Spot on Lily in Korea. Plant Dis 2010; 94:280. [PMID: 30754292 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-94-2-0280a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lily is an economically important ornamental crop in Korea. In August 2008, severe leaf spot symptoms were observed on an oriental Lily 'Action' in a plant nursery in Daegu, Korea. Disease incidence was 20 to 30%. Initial symptoms were olive green-to-brown lesions on the leaf that developed into tan, elliptical, necrotic lesions. On severely infected leaves, lesions coalesced and killed the entire leaf blade. Infected leaves were surface disinfested with 70% ethanol for 30 s and 2% chlorox for 15 min before plating 1 cm2 sections onto potato dextrose agar. Hyphae appeared 5 days after inoculation and pure culture. Conidia were hyaline, transversely septate with one to three septa; most had two. Conidia were obpyriform and measured 29 to 46 μm long and 7 to 17 μm wide. Mycelia morphology and conidia production were consistent with that described previously for Pyricularia grisea (1). Koch's postulates were fulfilled by spraying five, healthy, vegetative-stage plants with 2 × 105 conidia per ml of sterile distilled water plus 0.05% Tween 20. As a control, five similar plants were sprayed with sterile water plus 0.05% Tween 20 only. Plants were placed inside plastic bags to maintain high relative humidity and incubated in a growth chamber at 25°C under fluorescent light for 14 h and at 20°C in darkness for 10 h. After 3 days, the plastic bags were removed and plants were maintained under the same conditions. Initial symptoms were observed 7 days after inoculation. Ten days after inoculation, disease symptoms on inoculated plants were similar to those previously described in the nursery. Control plants did not show any symptoms. Fungi isolated from these lesions had the same morphological characteristics as the ones isolated previously from plants in the nursery. To our knowledge, this is the first report of gray leaf spot on lily caused by P. grisea in Korea. References: (1) M. B. Ellis. Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. CMI, Kew, Surrey, UK, 1971.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Zhang
- Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Science, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
| | - J H Wang
- Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Science, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
| | - L F Wu
- Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Science, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
| | - X W Wu
- Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Science, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
| | - G F Cui
- Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Science, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
| | - K B Lim
- School of Plant Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Hwang
- School of Plant Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Choi SG, Bae MS, Lee ES, Kim SO, Kim BK, Yang JH, Jeon CE, Kim HH, Hwang YJ, Lee ES, Kim DY. Amplification of Porcine SRY Gene for Sex Determination. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2009.90034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
The gas-polymer and liquid-polymer interfacial reactions of photosensitive polyimide can annihilate photo-reactive carbon-carbon double bonds, which remain after photo-alignment process. The annihilation processes dramatically affect voltage holding ratio and reorientation of photo-active functional groups. Photochemical dimerizations were identified using UV-visible and FT-IR spectroscopy. Polyimide films containing cinnamate groups were irradiated by linear polarized ultra violet (LPUV) light. Schadt et al. claims that the photo-alignment results from the anisotropy depletion of the cinnamate side chains as a consequence of the (2+2) cycloaddition reactions. The photo-aligned polyimide induces the orientation of nematic liquid crystals perpendicular to the polarization axis. However, the un-reacted photo-sensitive functional groups generate problems such as image sticking and reduced contrast ratio. Voltage holding ratio and photo-fading observed from photo-alignment layer can be dramatically improved by annihilation process of remnant photoreactive groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong-ik University, Seoul, 121-791, Korea
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Byun JW, Choo SH, Kim HH, Kim YJ, Hwang YJ, Kim DY. Evaluation of Boar Sperm Viability by MTT Reduction Assay in Beltsville Thawing Solution Extender. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2008.70480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bae PH, Hwang YJ, Jo HJ, Kim HJ, Lee Y, Park YK, Kim JG, Jung J. Size removal on polyester fabrics by plasma source ion implantation device. Chemosphere 2006; 63:1041-7. [PMID: 16324734 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2005] [Revised: 09/01/2005] [Accepted: 09/07/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasma treatment was evaluated as an alternative clean desizing technology in this work. As indicated by weight loss, O2 plasma treatment efficiently removed sizing agents such as polyvintyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylic acid esters and their mixture (MIX) on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics. SEM pictures of the plasma treated samples directly proved the disappearance of the sizing agents. XPS analysis showed apparent changes in chemical composition and functional groups of the PET surface after O2 plasma treatment. Carbon content decreased due to the removal of sizing agents while oxygen content increased. O2 plasma treatment also increased hydrophilic functional groups of sizing agents, which is confirmed by C1s and O1s deconvolution analyses. After O2 plasma treatment, the PET fabric was subjected to conventional desizing process at different temperatures. Except for the PET fabric sized with PVA, plasma-treated fabrics showed more efficient desizing results when compared with untreated fabrics. Furthermore, the desizing effluent from the treated fabric gave lower TOC, COD and BOD values.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Bae
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
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Han YH, Kim MY, Kim SY, Kim YH, Hwang YJ, Seo JW, Cha SJ, Hur G. Percutaneous insertion of Zilver stent in malignant biliary obstruction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 31:433-8. [PMID: 16465567 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-005-8017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2005] [Accepted: 08/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the clinical efficacy and technical feasibility of the percutaneously inserted self-expandable nitinol stent (Zilver stent) for palliation of malignant biliary obstruction. METHODS Seventeen patients with malignant tumors involving the intra- or extrahepatic bile duct who presented with obstructive jaundice underwent percutaneous insertion of a self-expandable nitinol stent. We retrospectively reviewed the hospital records of patients and evaluated the technical feasibility on stent placement, complications, patient survival, and duration of stent patency. RESULTS Percutaneous biliary stenting with 27 Zilver stents was performed in 17 patients with malignant biliary obstruction. Technical success was 95%. Malposition of the stent was encountered in one patient. Minor technical problems were encountered in two patients: the introducer tip was broken during stent insertion, so endoscopic removal was done. Mean follow-up period for the 17 patients was 182 days (range 29-485 days): nine patients died of progressive disease at a mean follow-up of 151 days (range 61-371days) after stent insertion and eight patients remained alive at the final follow-up of 216 days (range 29-485 days). The median survival period for all patients was 277 days. The stent occlusion rate was 26% and the mean patency period was 280 days. In five patients, seven stents were obstructed by tumor ingrowth and overgrowth. Stent patency rates were 100%, 100%, 75%, 61%, and 41% at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. A late complication, erosive bleeding of the hepatic artery by the stent, developed in one patient. CONCLUSION Percutaneous biliary stenting using the nitinol stent is technically feasible and safe and clinically efficacious treatment for malignant biliary obstruction, even with a minor technical problem during stent insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Han
- Department of Radiology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Medical College of Inje University, 2240, Daewha-dong, Ilsan-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggi-do, 411-706, Korea.
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Hwang YJ, Hur G, Cha SJ, Kim YH, Kim SY, Kim MK. Intracranial xanthoma: long-term follow-up MR findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006; 27:423-6. [PMID: 16484423 PMCID: PMC8148796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY We report the serial MR findings and histologic features of intracerebral xanthoma in a patient with hyperlipidemia. MR imaging revealed nodule formations with variable degrees of edema and enhancement in the perivascular spaces. In some lesions, high-signal-intensity foci were observed on unenhanced T1-weighted images, which suggest lipid contents of the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Hwang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Jyonggi-do, Koyangsi, South Korea
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Park GY, Im YH, Ahn CH, Park JW, Jeong SW, Ahn JY, Hwang YJ. Functional and genetic assessment of IFN-gamma receptor in patients with clinical tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2004; 8:1221-7. [PMID: 15527154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The molecular basis of the genetic vulnerability underlying the most common form of clinical tuberculosis (TB) remains largely unknown. We speculated that mild genetic defects in the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) signalling pathway caused a subtle functional impairment of IFN-gamma which would explain susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical TB. DESIGN A case-control study. RESULTS We evaluated functional responsiveness to IFN-gamma in monocytes from patients with clinical TB (n = 10), and analysed the genetic sequences of the IFN-gamma receptor 1 (IFN-gammaR1) and STAT1 genes in patients with disseminated TB (n = 18). IFN-gamma stimulated an increase in the expression of HLA-DR and CD64 on monocytes of both controls and patients; the rate of increase in expression was the same in both groups. Treatment with IFN-gamma before lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation further increased tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production as compared to TNF-alpha production with LPS stimulation alone; the rate of increase in TNF-alpha production was the same in both groups. The known mutations in the coding sequences of the IFN-gammaR1 and STAT1 genes were not found in the patients with disseminated tuberculosis. CONCLUSION These results suggest that impairment of the IFN-gamma signalling pathway did not account for cases of clinical TB in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Y Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School, Gil Medical Centre, Incheon, South Korea.
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McCord MG, Hwang YJ, Qiu Y, Hughes LK, Bourham MA. Surface analysis of cotton fabrics fluorinated in radio-frequency plasma. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.11896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings and postulate the pathogenic mechanism of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE). PATIENT A 47-year-old-woman presented with altered consciousness, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia. DWI revealed the abnormal signal changes in periaqueductal gray matter, mamillary bodies and bilateral medial thalami. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map revealed the high signal intensity lesions in bilateral medial thalami, suggestive of vasogenic edema. The abnormal signal intensity lesions disappeared on follow-up imaging with clinical improvement. CONCLUSIONS Vasogenic edema plays an important role in the pathogenesis of WE and can be reversed by proper management. DWI findings in the early stage of WE may provide useful information about the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Hong
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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Kim JY, Cho HY, Lee KC, Hwang YJ, Lee MH, Roberts SA, Kim CH. Tumor apoptosis in cervical cancer: its role as a prognostic factor in 42 radiotherapy patients. Int J Cancer 2001; 96:305-12. [PMID: 11582583 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To investigate tumor apoptosis as a prognostic factor for outcome following radiation therapy, comparisons were made of apoptotic index (AI) as a predictor of short- vs. long-term response and pretreatment vs. radiation-induced apoptosis. Forty-two patients with proven squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix were treated by radiation alone. Apoptosis was measured by light microscopic observation of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections from biopsies taken before treatment and 4 and 24 hr after 2 Gy. Patients were evaluated at the end of the external radiation for determination of short-term response and for long-term outcome as well (median follow-up of 27 months). Patients with high spontaneous AI showed poor short-term response, local control, and survival. The significance of AI as a predictor of short-term response was lost after allowing for differences in tumor size. The positive predictive value of AI for local control and survival was independent of tumor size and stage. High AI was associated with poor local control and long-term prognosis in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. The in vivo radiation-induced AI after 4 or 24 hr did not predict radiation therapy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical College, Inchon, Korea
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Hwang YJ, Kim YI, Yun YK, Kim JW. Pseudoobstruction of the portal vein in living-related liver transplantation: a case report. Transplant Proc 2000; 32:2258-9. [PMID: 11120156 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)01655-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y J Hwang
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Biomolecular Engineering Centre, and Liver Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Taegu, South Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Hwang
- Department of Transplant Surgery Biomolecular Engineering Center, and Liver Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Taegu, South Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Hwang
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Biomolecular Engineering Center, and Liver Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Taegu, South Korea
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20
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Hwang YJ, Chang BH, Kim JW, Choi GS, Yun YK, Chui A, Kim YI. Successful resection of cecal hepatic metastasis extending into the right side of the heart under cardiopulmonary bypass. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2000; 6:320-3. [PMID: 10526069 DOI: 10.1007/s005340050124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Resection is the best hope for the cure of colorectal metastasis to the liver. However, surgery is indicated for only a few patients, especially those who have major vascular involvement. We report a 55-year-old woman with a liver metastasis from the cecum that showed a tumor thrombus in the right side of the heart. She had undergone laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for cecal cancer 6 months before, and presented with a palpable mass in the epigastrium. Abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, hepatic angiogram, and echocardiography showed a huge mass on the left lobe of the liver, with a tumor thrombus which extended to the right ventricle through the left hepatic vein and inferior vena cava. Tumor thrombectomy, through a right atriotomy, was success-fully performed under cardiopulmonary bypass, followed by left hepatic lobectomy. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Hwang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 50 Samduk-Dong. Taegu 700-721, Korea
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Kim KH, Hwang YJ, Cho JB, Park SI. Immunization of cultured juvenile rockfish Sebastes schlegeli against Microcotyle sebastis (Monogenea). Dis Aquat Organ 2000; 40:29-32. [PMID: 10785860 DOI: 10.3354/dao040029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To determine whether immunization with Microcotyle sebastis antigen could induce protection against the parasite's establishment, naive juvenile rockfish were immunized by injection or immersion with whole worm antigen of M. sebastis. The infestation intensities of immunized groups following a challenge (2 wk after boosting) with 5000 M. sebastis eyed-eggs were significantly lower than those of control groups, when determined 7 wk postinfection. The fish in the groups boosted with M. sebastis antigen showed stronger protection than unboosted groups. The control group injected with FCA only showed a significantly smaller number of worms than the control group, which was immersed in PBS containing seawater. The results strongly suggest that both specific and nonspecific immune factors participate in the protection of rockfish against M. sebastis establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Pusan, Korea.
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22
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Abstract
The Oriental face is generally mesocephalic: short and wide. Thus the prominent zygoma in relation to a flat nose will make the face seem flatter. The unfavorable social connotations associated with a prominent zygoma are a reality in Korea. Reduction will not only relieve the patient of such psychological burdens but also afford a face with a cheerful and youthful appearance. Thus not a few patients seek surgery for these reasons. Previously, chiseling or burring of the zygoma body and arch was frequently used for zygoma reduction but was usually less than effective in reducing the wide face. Segmental osteotomy and repositioning of the arch by means of a bicoronal approach was another method, but this involved an extensive operation and left a long visible scar. We left that these methods were less than ideal as aesthetic procedures. A simple and yet effective method of reducing the prominent zygoma was needed. Reduction of the prominent zygoma was performed in 26 patients by shaving the zygoma body and displacing the zygomatic arch inwardly after two-point fracturing, greenstick fracture anteriorly, and complete osteotomy posteriorly by means of a small preauricular and upper buccal sulcus incision. We obtained satisfactory results using the relatively simple procedure. The advantages of our technique are as follows: (1) there is a small skin incision and resulting inconspicuous scar, (2) the technique is simple and effective, (3) there is no use of foreign bodies such as wires on miniplates, and (4) there is less postoperative discomfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Hwang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Minjung Hospital, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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23
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Abstract
In order to develop a simple and sensitive method for detecting human polyomavirus DNA in the urine of patients by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), it was found that the viral DNA could be released from urine by proteinase K and then amplified by PCR directly, without additional treatment such as ultracentrifugation or DNA extraction. Direct PCR amplification of viral DNA from urine was volume limited and 5 microliters of urine appeared to be the optimum amount for direct PCR amplification. When the urine volume was greater than 10 microliters, the results of PCR were inconsistent. However, the urine volume could be increased after dialysis to remove possible inhibitor(s) which may interfere with PCR. Direct PCR amplification of patient urine is convenient and eliminates several steps which can cause loss of DNA from the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chang
- Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical and Dental College, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Dixon KE, Nang RN, Kim DH, Hwang YJ, Park JW, Huh JW, Cho YK. A hospital-based, case-control study of risk factors for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in soldiers of the armed forces of the Republic of Korea. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1996; 54:284-8. [PMID: 8600767 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A hospital-based, case-control study was conducted to measure risk factors for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Korean soldiers. Between October 1989 and January 1992, 196 cases and 295 controls were admitted into the study. Information was collected on behavioral and environmental variables, and the data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. The strongest risk factors were seeing Apodemus in the area (odds ratio [OR] = 4.9), living in a primitive dwelling such as a lean-to (OR = 3.9), and being exposed to dust (OR = 3.7). The most protective factors were living in barracks (OR = 0.3-0.5) and self-reported use of any insecticide or insect repellent (OR = 0.5).
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Dixon
- United States Army Medical Research Unit, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yin WB, Wang M, Hwang YJ, Zhang LJ, Li G, Yu Z, Miao Y, Zhang C, Ku X. The results of radiation therapy in advanced carcinoma of the lung in the Beijing region of China. Clin Radiol 1983; 34:117-20. [PMID: 6822033 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9260(83)80404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
From 1958 to 1973, 682 patients with lung cancer were treated by radiation therapy in the Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. The clinical presentation, sex, age, histology and stage and palliative effects of radiation therapy were reported. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 40.62, 8.94 and 3.81%, respectively. The prognostic factors such as staging, histology, combination with chemotherapy and response of tumours are discussed. The causes of failure are also analysed. It is suggested that improving the local control rate of squamous cell carcinoma would increase the survival rate.
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