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URABE S, Hyodo T, Kato M, Hiyama E, Kurii A, Kitamura M, Hida M, Kurata Y, Sakashita K, Kokubo K. MON-098 Losses of Amino Acid in the Pre- and Post-dilution of On-line HDF under the Same Reduction Rate of β2-microglobulin. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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2
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Tsujimoto K, Oigawa H, Kikuchi K, Kurata Y, Mizumoto M, Sasa T, Saito S, Nishihara K, Umeno M, Takei H. Feasibility of Lead-Bismuth-Cooled Accelerator-Driven System for Minor-Actinide Transmutation. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt08-a3929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Tsujimoto
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - H. Oigawa
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - K. Kikuchi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - Y. Kurata
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - M. Mizumoto
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - T. Sasa
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - S. Saito
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - K. Nishihara
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - M. Umeno
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - H. Takei
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
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Abstract
Cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity to antigens prepared from Sporothrix schenckii, S. schenckii var. luriei (atypical S. schenckii), S. curziconia, S. inflata and S. ghanensis was tested in eleven cutaneous sporotrichotic patients. Cross-reactions were observed in various degrees. Five normal controls were not reactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ishizaki
- Department of Dermatology , Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa 920, Japan
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Takanaka T, Kumano T, Shibata S, Ohashi S, Nakagawa M, Isomura N, Noto K, Ueda S, Kurata Y. Breath-Hold Volumetric Modulated Arc Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Lung Cancer Guided by Real-Time Fluoroscopy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tanobe H, Kurata Y, Nakanishi Y, Fukuyama H, Itoh M, Yoshida E. Compact 100Gb/s DP-QPSK integrated receiver module employing three-dimensional assembly technology. Opt Express 2014; 22:6108-6113. [PMID: 24663945 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.006108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a compact 100 Gbit/s DP-QPSK receiver module that is only 18 mm (W) x 16 mm (D) x 2.8 mm (H). The module size is reduced by using a ball grid array (BGA) package with three-dimensional assembly technology and by applying a heterogeneous integrated PLC. Error-free DP-QPSK signal demodulation is successfully demonstrated.
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Kurata Y, Katsuta O, Doi T, Kawasuso T, Hiratsuka H, Tsuchitani M, Umemura T. Chronic Cadmium Treatment Induces Tubular Nephropathy and Osteomalacic Osteopenia in Ovariectomized Cynomolgus Monkeys. Vet Pathol 2013; 51:919-31. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985813509384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In an attempt to establish a primate model of chronic cadmium toxicosis, we ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys and treated them with CdCl2 by repeated intravenous injections for 13 to 15 months. The animals showed normocytic-normochromic anemia. The cadmium treatment resulted in increases of urinary enzyme activity indicative of renal tubular degeneration. Histopathology of the kidney revealed renal proximal tubular atrophy accompanied by interstitial fibrosis. Decreased bone mineral density was evident in the trabecular and cortical zones of the lumbar vertebra and femur, with osteoid accumulation around the trabeculae and Haversian canals. Iron deposition at the mineralization front and osteoclasts hyperplasia were indicative of impairment of bone mineralization and an increase of resorption. Blood inorganic phosphorus and 1α,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 levels decreased and urinary deoxypyridinoline level increased in cadmium-treated animals. The renal and bone lesions closely resemble those of itai-itai disease patients, the most severe case of cadmium toxicosis in terms of clinical chemistry and histopathology. Thus, ovariectomized monkeys chronically exposed to cadmium can serve as a primate itai-itai disease model, which is beneficial for developing novel therapeutic methods, investigating the mechanisms of the renal and bone lesions, and establishing more clearly defined criteria for diagnosing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Kurata
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation, Kamisu, Ibaraki, Japan
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - O. Katsuta
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation, Kamisu, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T. Doi
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation, Kamisu, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T. Kawasuso
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation, Kamisu, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H. Hiratsuka
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation, Kamisu, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M. Tsuchitani
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation, Kamisu, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T. Umemura
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Takanaka T, Kumano T, Minami T, Koda W, Matsui O, Noto K, Ueda S, Kurata Y. Breath-Holding Volumetric Modulated Radiation Therapy Based on Implanted Fiducial Marks Using the Image Guided Radiation Therapy System With Fluoroscopic Function. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tanida M, Hayata A, Shintani N, Yamamoto N, Kurata Y, Shibamoto T, Morgan DA, Rahmouni K, Hashimoto H. Central PACAP mediates the sympathetic effects of leptin in a tissue-specific manner. Neuroscience 2013; 238:297-304. [PMID: 23454538 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the peptidergic neurotransmitter pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) affects the autonomic system and contributes to the control of metabolic and cardiovascular functions. Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of centrally-mediated sympathetic effects of leptin for obesity-related hypertension. Here we tested whether PACAP signaling in the brain is implicated in leptin-induced sympathetic excitation and appetite suppression. In anesthetized mice, intracerebroventricular (ICV) pre-treatment with PACAP6-38, an antagonist of the PACAP receptors (PAC1-R and VPAC2), inhibited the increase in white adipose tissue sympathetic nerve activity (WAT-SNA) produced by ICV leptin (2μg). In contrast, leptin-induced stimulation of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) was not affected by ICV pre-treatment with PACAP6-38. Moreover, in PACAP-deficient (Adcyap1-/-) mice, ICV leptin-induced WAT-SNA increase was impaired, whereas RSNA response was preserved. The reductions in food intake and body weight evoked by ICV leptin were attenuated in Adcyap1-/- mice. Our data suggest that hypothalamic PACAP signaling plays a key role in the control by leptin of feeding behavior and lipocatabolic sympathetic outflow, but spares the renal sympathetic traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tanida
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
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Ueda S, Takanaka T, Kumano T, Mizuno E, Ohashi S, Tarohda T, Isihiguro M, Noto K, Kurata Y. Evaluation of Prostate Motion and Optimum Planning Target Volume (PTV) Margin in Prostate Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Based on Fiducial Markers Using 2 Modern, Online Image Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT) Systems. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ting YK, Morikawa K, Kurata Y, Li P, Bahrudin U, Mizuta E, Kato M, Miake J, Yamamoto Y, Yoshida A, Murata M, Inoue T, Nakai A, Shiota G, Higaki K, Nanba E, Ninomiya H, Shirayoshi Y, Hisatome I. Transcriptional activation of the anchoring protein SAP97 by heat shock factor (HSF)-1 stabilizes K(v) 1.5 channels in HL-1 cells. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162:1832-42. [PMID: 21232033 PMCID: PMC3081125 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01204.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The expression of voltage-dependent K+ channels (Kv) 1.5 is regulated by members of the heat shock protein (Hsp) family. We examined whether the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF-1) and its inducer geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) could affect the expression of Kv1.5 channels and its anchoring protein, synapse associated protein 97 (SAP97). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Transfected mouse atrial cardiomyocytes (HL-1 cells) and COS7 cells were subjected to luciferase reporter gene assay and whole-cell patch clamp. Protein and mRNA extracts were subjected to Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. KEY RESULTS Heat shock of HL-1 cells induced expression of Hsp70, HSF-1, SAP97 and Kv1.5 proteins. These effects were reproduced by wild-type HSF-1. Both heat shock and expression of HSF-1, but not the R71G mutant, increased the SAP97 mRNA level. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) against SAP97 abolished HSF-1-induced increase of Kv1.5 and SAP97 proteins. A luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that the SAP97 promoter region (from −919 to −740) that contains heat shock elements (HSEs) was required for this induction. Suppression of SIRT1 function either by nicotinamide or siRNA decreased the level of SAP97 mRNA. SIRT1 activation by resveratrol had opposing effects. A treatment of the cells with GGA increased the level of SAP97 mRNA, Kv1.5 proteins and IKur current, which could be modified with either resveratrol or nicotinamide. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS HSF-1 induced transcription of SAP97 through SIRT1-dependent interaction with HSEs; the increase in SAP97 resulted in stabilization of Kv1.5 channels. These effects were mimicked by GGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Ting
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonago, Japan
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11
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Noto K, Ueda S, Syouji S, Hori N, Kurata Y, Yamamoto T, Takemura A, Matsubara K, Koshida K, Takamatsu S. Evaluation of Patient Dose Reduction in Kilovoltage Cone-beam CT for Image-guided Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to determine whether anaphylactic hypotension in rabbits is accompanied by hepatic venoconstriction, and the effects of anaphylaxis on hepatic segmental vascular resistances and liver weight in isolated perfused rabbit livers. METHODS The rabbits were sensitized by subcutaneous injection of antigen of 2.5 mg ovalbumin with complete Freund's adjuvant three times at 1 week interval. One week after sensitization, anaphylaxis was induced by an injection of 2.5 mg ovalbumin into the jugular vein of pentobarbital anaesthetized rabbits or the perfusate of rabbit livers perfused via the portal vein at a constant flow. Using the double occlusion technique to estimate the hepatic sinusoidal pressure, pre- (R(pre)) and post-sinusoidal (R(post)) resistances were calculated for the isolated perfused livers. RESULTS An antigen injection into the sensitized rabbits caused not only a decrease in systemic arterial pressure from 79 +/- 2 to 40 +/- 4 mmHg, but also an increase in portal venous pressure (P(pv)) from 9.5 +/- 2.2 to 24.1 +/- 3.9 cmH(2)O. Portal hypertension persisted for 8 min after the antigen injection. An injection of antigen into the perfusate caused a marked increase in P(pv) from 5.4 +/- 0.1 to 28.6 +/- 2.4 cmH(2)O at 6 min, but only a slight increase in double occlusion pressure from 2.2 +/- 0.2 to 3.8 +/- 0.2 cmH(2)O, resulting in a selective increase in R(pret) rather than R(post). Concomitant with the hepatic pre-sinusoidal constriction, liver weight loss occurred. CONCLUSION Anaphylactic hypotension in rabbits is accompanied by hepatic venoconstriction which is characterized by pre-sinusoidal contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Karasawa
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Hasegawa
- a Department of Electronics , Faculty of Technology, Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - K. Kishi
- a Department of Electronics , Faculty of Technology, Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - Y. Kurata
- a Department of Electronics , Faculty of Technology, Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
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Kuwana M, Kurata Y, Fujimura K, Fujisawa K, Wada H, Nagasawa T, Nomura S, Kojima T, Yagi H, Ikeda Y. Preliminary laboratory based diagnostic criteria for immune thrombocytopenic purpura: evaluation by multi-center prospective study. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4:1936-43. [PMID: 16961601 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.02091.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We proposed diagnostic criteria for immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) by modifying the existing guidelines for diagnosis of ITP and by incorporating laboratory tests found useful for predicting its diagnosis, for example erythrocyte count, leukocyte count, anti-GPIIb/IIIa antibody-producing B cells, platelet-associated anti-GPIIb/IIIa antibodies, percentage of reticulated platelets, and plasma thrombopoietin. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS To validate our criteria, we conducted a multi-center prospective study involving 112 patients with thrombocytopenia and a morphologically normal peripheral blood film at the first visit. Each patient underwent a physical examination, routine laboratory tests, and specialized tests for the anti-GPIIb/IIIa antibody response and platelet turnover. RESULTS Ninety-one patients (81%) satisfied the proposed criteria at first visit. Clinical diagnosis was made by skilled hematologists > 6 months after the first visit; ITP was diagnosed in 88 patients and non-ITP disorders in 24. The proposed criteria had 98% sensitivity, 79% specificity, a 95% positive predictive value, and a 90% negative predictive value. A relatively low specificity appears to be attributed to a few patients who had both ITP and aplastic anemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary diagnostic criteria based on ITP-associated laboratory findings were useful for the differential diagnosis of ITP, but additional evaluations and modifications will be necessary to develop criteria that can be used routinely.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kuwana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Hasegawa
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - S. Shimizu
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - Y. Kurata
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Hasegawa
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - M. Matuura
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - H. Anbutu
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - Y. Kurata
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Hasegawa
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - H. Anbutsu
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - Y. Kurata
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Hasegawa
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - S. Narikawa
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - Y. Kurata
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Hasegawa
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - S. Shimizu
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
| | - Y. Kurata
- a Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , 920 , Japan
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Ikegame K, Kaida K, Fujioka T, Kawakami M, Hasei H, Inoue T, Taniguchi Y, Yoshihara S, Hayashi S, Kurata Y, Ogawa H. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura after influenza vaccination in a bone marrow transplantation recipient. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006; 38:323-4; author reply 324-5. [PMID: 16883314 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kamae T, Shiraga M, Kashiwagi H, Kato H, Tadokoro S, Kurata Y, Tomiyama Y, Kanakura Y. Critical role of ADP interaction with P2Y12 receptor in the maintenance of alpha(IIb)beta3 activation: association with Rap1B activation. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4:1379-87. [PMID: 16706985 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01941.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Platelet integrin alpha(IIb)beta3 plays a crucial role in platelet aggregation, and the affinity of alpha(IIb)beta3 for fibrinogen is dynamically regulated. Employing modified ligand-binding assays, we analyzed the mechanism by which alpha(IIb)beta3 maintains its high-affinity state. METHODS AND RESULTS Washed platelets adjusted to 50 x 10(3) microL(-1) were stimulated with 0.2 U mL(-1) thrombin or 5 microm U46619 under static conditions. After the completion of alpha(IIb)beta3 activation and granule secretion, different kinds of antagonists were added to the activated platelets. The activated alpha(IIb)beta3 was then detected by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled PAC1. The addition of 1 mum AR-C69931MX (a P2Y12 antagonist) or 1 mm A3P5P (a P2Y1 antagonist) disrupted the sustained alpha(IIb)beta3 activation by approximately 92% and approximately 38%, respectively, without inhibiting CD62P or CD63 expression. Dilution of the platelet preparation to 500 microL(-1) also disrupted the sustained alpha(IIb)beta3 activation, and the disruption by such dilution was abrogated by the addition of exogenous adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) in a dose-dependent fashion. The amounts of ADP released from activated platelets determined by high-performance liquid chromatography were compatible with the amounts of exogenous ADP required for the restoration. We next examined the effects of antagonists on protein kinase C (PKC) and Rap1B activation induced by 0.2 U mL(-1) thrombin. Thrombin induced long-lasting PKC and Rap1B activation. AR-C69931MX markedly inhibited Rap1B activation without inhibiting PKC activation. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that the continuous interaction between released ADP and P2Y12 is critical for the maintenance of alpha(IIb)beta3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kamae
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine C9, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Shiraga M, Miyata S, Kato H, Kashiwagi H, Honda S, Kurata Y, Tomiyama Y, Kanakura Y. Impaired platelet function in a patient with P2Y12 deficiency caused by a mutation in the translation initiation codon. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3:2315-23. [PMID: 16194207 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01554.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have identified a patient (OSP-1) with a congenital P2Y12 deficiency showing a mild bleeding tendency from her childhood and examined the role of P2Y12 in platelet function. At low concentrations of agonists OSP-1 platelets showed an impaired aggregation to several kinds of stimuli, whereas at high concentrations they showed a specifically impaired platelet aggregation to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). ADP normally induced platelet shape change and failed to inhibit PGE1-stimulated cAMP accumulation in OSP-1 platelets. Molecular genetic analysis revealed that OSP-1 was a homozygous for a mutation in the translation initiation codon (ATG to AGG) in the P2Y12 gene. Heterologous cell expression of wild-type or mutant P2Y12 confirmed that the mutation was responsible for the deficiency in P2Y12. OSP-1 platelets showed a markedly impaired platelet spreading onto immobilized fibrinogen. Real-time observations of thrombogenesis under a high shear rate (2000 s(-1)) revealed that thrombi over collagen were small and loosely packed and most of the aggregates were unable to resist against high shear stress in OSP-1. Our data suggest that secretion of endogenous ADP and subsequent P2Y12-mediated signaling are critical for platelet aggregation, platelet spreading, and as a consequence, for stabilization of thrombus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shiraga
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine C9, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Nakajima K, Kurata Y, Takeda H. A web-based incident reporting system and multidisciplinary collaborative projects for patient safety in a Japanese hospital. Qual Saf Health Care 2005; 14:123-9. [PMID: 15805458 PMCID: PMC1743978 DOI: 10.1136/qshc.2003.008607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM When patient safety programs were mandated for Japanese health care institutions, a safety culture, a tool for collecting incident reports, an organizational arrangement for multidisciplinary collaboration, and interventional methods for improvement had to be established. DESIGN Observational study of effects of new patient safety programs. SETTING Osaka University Hospital, a large government-run teaching hospital. STRATEGY FOR CHANGE A voluntary and anonymous web-based incident reporting system was introduced. For the new organizational structure a clinical risk management committee, a department of clinical quality management, and area clinical risk managers were established with their respective roles clearly defined to advance the plan-do-study-act cycle and to integrate efforts. For preventive action, alert procedures, staff education, ward rounds by peers, a system oriented approach for reducing errors, and various feedback channels were introduced. EFFECTS OF CHANGE Continuous incident reporting by all hospital staff has been observed since the introduction of the new system. Several error inducing situations have been improved: wrong choice of drug in computer prescribing, maladministration of drugs due to a look-alike appearance or confusion about the manipulation of a medical device, and poor after hours service of the blood transfusion unit. Staff participation in educational seminars has been dramatically improved. Ward rounds have detected problematic procedures which needed to be dealt with. LESSONS LEARNT Patient safety programs based on a web-based incident reporting system, responsible persons, staff education, and a variety of feedback procedures can help promote a safety culture, multidisciplinary collaboration, and strong managerial leadership resulting in system oriented improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakajima
- Department of Clinical Quality Management, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
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Kashiwagi H, Shiraga M, Kato H, Honda S, Sako M, Kurata Y, Kanakura Y, Tomiyama Y. Expression and subcellular localization of WAVE isoforms in the megakaryocyte/platelet lineage. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3:361-8. [PMID: 15670045 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2004.01082.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
WAVE isoforms, which consist of WAVE-1, WAVE-2 and WAVE-3, are members of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family. They are implicated in the regulation of actin-cytoskeletal reorganization downsteam of the small GTPase, Rac. Since platelet attachment to extracellular matrices leads to filopodial and lamellipodial extension, we examined the expression and subcellular localization of WAVEs in platelets. Employing primary megakaryocytic cells derived from cord blood as well as megakaryocytic cell lines, we also examined their expression during megakaryocytic differentiation. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that platelets expressed WAVE-1 and WAVE-2, whereas WAVE-3 expression was hardly to be detected. WAVE-1 expression was associated with megakaryocytic differentiation, whereas WAVE-2 and WAVE-3 expression was not changed by the differentiation. In adhered platelets both WAVE-1 and WAVE-2 were localized at the edge of the lamellipodia and at the tips of filopodia. In WASP-deficient platelets we found normal lamellipodial formation and localization of WAVE-1 and WAVE-2 at the edges of lamellipodia. Furthermore, we demonstrated that WAVE-1 and WAVE-2 moved from a detergent-soluble cytosolic fraction to insoluble cytoskeleton fraction after platelet aggregation. These results suggest that WAVE-1 and WAVE-2 regulate actin reorganization during platelet spreading and aggregate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kashiwagi
- Department of Hematology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Abe F, Bennett DP, Bond IA, Eguchi S, Furuta Y, Hearnshaw JB, Kamiya K, Kilmartin PM, Kurata Y, Masuda K, Matsubara Y, Muraki Y, Noda S, Okajima K, Rakich A, Rattenbury NJ, Sako T, Sekiguchi T, Sullivan DJ, Sumi T, Tristram PJ, Yanagisawa T, Yock PCM, Gal-Yam A, Lipkin Y, Maoz D, Ofek EO, Udalski A, Szewczyk O, Zebrun K, Soszynski I, Szymanski MK, Kubiak M, Pietrzynski G, Wyrzykowski L. Search for Low-Mass Exoplanets by Gravitational Microlensing at High Magnification. Science 2004; 305:1264-6. [PMID: 15333833 DOI: 10.1126/science.1100714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Observations of the gravitational microlensing event MOA 2003-BLG-32/OGLE 2003-BLG-219 are presented, for which the peak magnification was over 500, the highest yet reported. Continuous observations around the peak enabled a sensitive search for planets orbiting the lens star. No planets were detected. Planets 1.3 times heavier than Earth were excluded from more than 50% of the projected annular region from approximately 2.3 to 3.6 astronomical units surrounding the lens star, Uranus-mass planets were excluded from 0.9 to 8.7 astronomical units, and planets 1.3 times heavier than Saturn were excluded from 0.2 to 60 astronomical units. These are the largest regions of sensitivity yet achieved in searches for extrasolar planets orbiting any star.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Abe
- Solar Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
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Shibamoto T, Narushima M, Ling YQ, Shimo T, Tsuchida H, Kurata Y, Ogura T. Different hepatic vascular response to noradrenaline and histamine between guinea-pig and rat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 180:255-63. [PMID: 14962007 DOI: 10.1046/j.0001-6772.2003.01231.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hepatic xenotransplantation from guinea-pig to rat has not been established. This failure is partly ascribed to differences in hepatic vascular characteristics between two species. However, the differences in hepatic vascular resistance distribution and responses to vasoconstrictors are not known. The present study was designed to determine basal levels of segmental vascular resistances and the responses to histamine and noradrenaline in isolated guinea-pig and rat livers. METHODS The livers were haemoperfused (Hct 8.3%) via the portal vein at a constant flow. The sinusoidal pressure was measured by the double occlusion pressure, and was used to determine the pre- (Rpre) and post-sinusoidal (Rpost) resistances. RESULTS There was no significant difference in basal total hepatic vascular resistance (Rt) between two species, whereas Rpre in rat (69% of Rt) was significantly greater than that in guinea-pig (61% of Rt). The responses to noradrenaline were similar; Rpre increased in a greater magnitude than Rpost, and liver weight was reduced. However, the noradrenaline-induced increase in Rt was greater in rats than in guinea-pigs. In contrast, histamine increased predominantly Rpost over Rpre, and increased liver weight in guinea-pig, while it affected no haemodynamic variables in rat. CONCLUSION There exist species differences in the hepatic vasculature between rat and guinea-pig. Basal pre-sinusoidal resistance in rat is greater than that in guinea-pig. Although noradrenaline predominantly contracts pre-sinusoidal vessels in both species, histamine causes predominant post-sinusoidal vasoconstriction in guinea-pig liver, while it has no vasoactive effects on rat liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shibamoto
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
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Kashiwagi H, Shiraga M, Honda S, Kosugi S, Kamae T, Kato H, Kurata Y, Tomiyama Y. Activation of integrin alpha IIb beta 3 in the glycoprotein Ib-high population of a megakaryocytic cell line, CMK, by inside-out signaling. J Thromb Haemost 2004; 2:177-86. [PMID: 14717982 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2003.00529.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Affinity/avidity state of integrin alpha IIb beta 3 is regulated by intracellular inside-out signaling. Although several megakaryocytic cell lines have been established, soluble ligand binding to alpha IIb beta 3 expressed in these cells by cellular agonists has not been demonstrated. We have re-examined agonist-induced alpha IIb beta 3 activation on megakaryocytic cell lines with a marker of the late stage of megakaryocytic differentiation, glycoprotein Ib (GPIb). Activation of alpha IIb beta 3 was assessed by PAC1 and soluble fibrinogen binding to the cells. We found that alpha IIb beta 3 expressed in CMK cells with high GPIb expression was activated by a phorbor ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Although the population of the GPIbhigh cells was <0.5% of the total cells, incubation with a nucleoside analog, ribavirin, efficiently increased the PMA-reactive GPIbhigh cells. Not only PMA but also a calcium ionophore, A23187, induced alpha IIb beta 3 activation, and PMA and A23187 had an additive effect on alpha IIb beta 3 activation. Ligand binding to the activated alpha IIb beta 3 in the GPIbhigh CMK cells is totally abolished by an alpha IIb beta 3-specific antagonist, and inhibited by wortmannin, cytochalasin-D and prostaglandin E1, and the effects of these inhibitors on alpha IIb beta 3 activation in the GPIbhigh CMK cells were compatible with those in platelets. We have also demonstrated that the ribavirin-treated CMK cells express PKC-alpha, -beta, -delta and -theta, and suggested that PKC-alpha and/or -beta appear to be responsible for PMA-induced activation of alpha IIb beta 3 in CMK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kashiwagi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University and Department of Blood Transfusion, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Honda S, Tomiyama Y, Kashiwagi H, Kiyoi T, Kato H, Kosugi S, Shiraga M, Kurata Y, Matsuzawa Y. 2P-0478 Analysis of Arg-Gly-Asp-contact sites in the αv subunit of integrin αvβ3 employing single amino acid mutations. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90620-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hayashi S, Oshida M, Kiyokawa T, Aochi H, Honda S, Tomiyama Y, Kurata Y. [Determination of activated platelets: evaluation of methodology and application for patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura]. Rinsho Byori 2001; 49:1287-92. [PMID: 11797399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Platelet activation causes a change in surface expression of several endogenous proteins, such as CD62P, CD63 and CD40L. Therefore, it is possible to analyze the functional in vivo status of the circulating platelet population directly by flow cytometry. In this study we developed the method to be suitable for use in clinical studies. We used EDTA-2K as anticoagulant since the sample anticoagulated with EDTA-2K, sodium citrate or ACD-A showed no difference in the data of activated platelets. We determined whether fixation of sample is necessary. The samples stained before or without fixation showed abnormally high level of activated platelets, indicating that fixation is necessary before staining. It is controversial whether activated platelets circulate in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP). We measured activated platelets in patients with ITP using our optimised method. The percentages of CD62P, CD63 and CD40L positive platelets were significantly high in patients with ITP and 24%, 55% and 36% (respectively) of ITP patients showed elevated level of activated platelets. These data indicate that activated platelets circulate in ITP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hayashi
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Osaka University Hospital, Suita 565-0871
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Tabata Y, Iizuka Y, Kashiwa J, Masuda NT, Shinei R, Kurihara K, Okonogi T, Hoshiko S, Kurata Y. Fungal metabolites, PF1092 compounds and their derivatives, are nonsteroidal and selective progesterone receptor modulators. Eur J Pharmacol 2001; 430:159-65. [PMID: 11711027 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(01)01382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The potential of new nonsteroidal progesterone receptor ligands, the derivatives of PF1092C ((4aR,5R,6R,7S)-6,7-dihydroxy-4a,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,4a,5-trimethylnaphtho[2,3-b]furan-2(4H)-one) discovered from fungal metabolites, was evaluated. PF1092A ((4aR,5R,6R,7S)-6-acetoxy-7-hydroxy-4a,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,4a,5-trimethylnaphtho[2,3-b]furan-2(4H)-one) showed good and moderate affinity for porcine and human progesterone receptors in in vitro receptor binding assays, respectively, and partial agonist activity for the progesterone receptor, as determined in assays of two types of progesterone-dependent enzymes in human mammary carcinoma T47D cells. The derivative of PF1092C, CP8481, ((4aR,5R,6R,7S)-6-(2-furancarbonyloxy)-7-hydroxy-4a,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,4a,5-trimethylnaphtho[2,3-b]furan-2(4H)-one) possessed better affinity for both progesterone receptors and showed less cross-reactivity for other steroid receptors, such as rat androgen receptor, human glucocorticoid receptor, and human estrogen receptor, and was a more potent modulator of the progesterone receptor than PF1092A. CP8400 ((4aR,5R,6R,7S)-6,7-diacetoxy-4a,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,4a,5-trimethylnaphtho[2,3-b]furan-2(4H)-one) and CP8401 ((4aR,5R,6R,7S)-6,7-dipropionyloxy-4a,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,4a,5-trimethylnaphtho[2,3-b]furan-2(4H)-one), other derivatives, were indicated to be progesterone receptor antagonists. These results suggest that PF1092 compounds can serve as a new pharmacophore for potent and specific nonsteroidal progesterone receptor modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tabata
- Drug Discovery, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd., 760 Morooka-cho, Yokohama, 222-8567, Kohoku, Japan.
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Mori K, Itoh Y, Saito J, Takeyama Y, Kurata Y, Kaneko M, Asai Y, Torigoe T, Dickson EW. Post-resuscitative hypothermic bypass reduces ischemic brain injury in swine. Acad Emerg Med 2001; 8:937-45. [PMID: 11581076 DOI: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb01089.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing human and laboratory evidence suggests that post-resuscitative brain hypothermia reduces the pathologic consequences of brain ischemia. Using a swine model of prolonged cardiac arrest, this investigation sought to determine whether unilateral hypothermic carotid bypass was capable of inducing selective brain hypothermia and reducing neurohistologic damage. METHODS Ventricular fibrillation was induced in common swine (n = 12). After 20 minutes of cardiopulmonary arrest (without ventilatory support or cardiopulmonary resuscitation), systemic extracorporeal bypass was instituted to restore coronary and cerebral perfusion, followed by restoration of normal sinus rhythm. Animals randomized to the normal brain temperature (NBT) cohort received mechanical ventilation and intravenous fluids for 24 hours. The selective brain hypothermia (SBH) cohort received 12 hours of femoral/carotid bypass at 32 degrees C. The bypass temperature was then increased one degree per hour until reaching 37 degrees C and continued at this temperature until completion of the protocol (24 hours). Histopathologic damage was evaluated in two areas of the hippocampus. RESULTS Normal sinus rhythm was restored in all animals after the systemic (femoral/femoral) bypass was initiated. Nasal temperature (surrogate measure of brain temperature) remained higher than 37.0 degrees C throughout the 24-hour recovery period in the NBT animals. In the SBH cohort, right nasal temperature dropped to the mild hypothermic range (<34 degrees C) two hours after institution of femoral/carotid bypass. This was maintained throughout the 12-hour cooling period without hemodynamic compromise. There was a significant improvement in the neurohistology scores in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of the SBH treated animals as compared with those of the NBT cohort. CONCLUSIONS Post-resuscitative selective brain hypothermia reduced regional ischemic brain damage in swine with prolonged ventricular fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mori
- Department of Traumatology and Critical Care Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine. Sapporo, Japan
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Kosugi S, Tomiyama Y, Honda S, Kato H, Kiyoi T, Kashiwagi H, Kurata Y, Matsuzawa Y. Platelet-associated anti-GPIIb-IIIa autoantibodies in chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura recognizing epitopes close to the ligand-binding site of glycoprotein (GP) IIb. Blood 2001; 98:1819-27. [PMID: 11535516 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v98.6.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Localization of epitopes for platelet-associated (PA) anti-GPIIb-IIIa (alpha(IIb)beta(3)) autoantibodies in chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura remains elusive. Previous studies suggest that PA antibodies recognize the tertiary structure of intact glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa. To localize their epitopes using antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the reactivity of 34 PA anti-GPIIb-IIIa antibodies was examined with recombinant GPIIb-IIIa having a defect in ligand-binding sites in either GPIIb or GPIIIa, and no major conformational change was induced: KO variant GPIIb-IIIa was attributed to a 2-amino acid insertion between residues 160 and 161 in the W3 4-1 loop in GPIIb, and CAM variant GPIIb-IIIa was attributed to D119Y in GPIIIa. In one third (11 of 34) of the patients, PA antibodies showed a marked decrease (less than 50%) in reactivity with KO compared with wild-type GPIIb-IIIa. Their reactivity was also impaired against GPIIbD163A-IIIa. In sharp contrast, they reacted normally with CAM GPIIb-IIIa. OP-G2, a ligand-mimetic monoclonal antibody, markedly inhibited their binding to GPIIb-IIIa in patients with impaired binding to KO GPIIb-IIIa, but small GPIIb-IIIa antagonists did not. In addition, a newly developed sensitive ELISA indicated that autoantibodies showing impaired binding to KO are more potent inhibitors for fibrinogen binding. The present data suggest that certain PA anti-GPIIb-IIIa autoantibodies recognize epitopes close to the ligand-binding site in GPIIb, but not in GPIIIa.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kosugi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
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Kashiwagi H, Tomiyama Y, Nozaki S, Kiyoi T, Tadokoro S, Matsumoto K, Honda S, Kosugi S, Kurata Y, Matsuzawa Y. Analyses of genetic abnormalities in type I CD36 deficiency in Japan: identification and cell biological characterization of two novel mutations that cause CD36 deficiency in man. Hum Genet 2001; 108:459-66. [PMID: 11499670 DOI: 10.1007/s004390100525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate genetic abnormalities in type I CD36 deficiency, we analyzed 28 Japanese subjects whose platelets and monocytes/macrophages lacked CD36 on their surface. We identified two novel mutations in the CD36 gene. One was a complex deletion/insertion mutation, in which 3 bp, GAG, were deleted at nucleotide (nt) 839-841, and 5 bp, AAAAC, were inserted at the same position (839-841del-->insAAAAC). Mutation 839-841del-->insAAAAC led to a frameshift and appearance of a premature stop codon; it was also accompanied with a marked reduction in the amount of CD36 mRNA. The other was a 12-bp deletion at nt 1438-1449 (1438-1449del) accompanied with or without skipping of exon 9 (nt 959-1028). Mutation 1438-1449del led to an inframe 4-amino-acid deletion, whereas exon 9 skipping led to a frameshift and the appearance of a premature stop codon. Expression assay revealed that both 1438-1449del and exon 9 skipping directly caused impairment of the surface expression of CD36. A survey of the five known mutations including 839-841del-->insAAAAC and 1438-1449del in type I CD36-deficient subjects demonstrated that the five mutations covered more than 90% of genetic defects among them and that the substitution of T for C at nt 478 (478C-->T) was the most common mutation with more than 50% frequency. However, none of the four subjects that possessed isoantibodies against CD36 had 478C-->T, suggesting that 478C-->T prevents the production of isoantibodies against CD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kashiwagi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
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Tanabe M, Ieiri I, Nagata N, Inoue K, Ito S, Kanamori Y, Takahashi M, Kurata Y, Kigawa J, Higuchi S, Terakawa N, Otsubo K. Expression of P-glycoprotein in human placenta: relation to genetic polymorphism of the multidrug resistance (MDR)-1 gene. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001; 297:1137-43. [PMID: 11356939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate whether mutations in the human multidrug resistance (MDR)-1 gene correlate with placental P-glycoprotein (PGP) expression, we sequenced the MDR-1 cDNA and measured PGP expression by Western blotting in 100 placentas obtained from Japanese women. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were observed with an allelic frequency of 0.005 to 0.420. Of these SNPs, G2677A (allelic frequency = 0.18) and G2677T (0.39) in exon 21 were associated with an amino acid conversion from Ala to Thr and to Ser, respectively. Sixty-one of 65 samples (93.8%), which had a C3435T allele, also had a mutant G2677(A,T) allele, suggesting an association between the two SNPs. Correlations of mutations with expression levels were observed; individuals having the G2677(A,T) and/or T-129C (p < 0.05) allele had less placental PGP. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)-based genotyping tests were developed for the detection of these SNPs. The PCR, in which genomic DNAs obtained from healthy subjects (n = 48) are used as samples, was successful. The frequency of mutations in placental cDNA was identical with that in genomic DNA. When genotype results were compared between Caucasians and Japanese, ethnic differences in the frequency of polymorphism in the MDR-1 gene were suspected. Although it remains to be determined whether these SNPs influence the pharmacokinetic and dynamic properties of clinically useful drugs that are substrates of PGP, the polymorphism of the MDR-1 gene presented here may provide useful information in in vivo study of these issues.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/analysis
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/biosynthesis
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- Alleles
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Asian People/genetics
- Blotting, Western
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Female
- Gene Frequency
- Genes, MDR/genetics
- Genetic Linkage
- Genotype
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Japan
- Placenta/cytology
- Placenta/metabolism
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- White People/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tanabe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kurata Y, Hayashi S, Kiyoi T, Kosugi S, Kashiwagi H, Honda S, Tomiyama Y. Diagnostic value of tests for reticulated platelets, plasma glycocalicin, and thrombopoietin levels for discriminating between hyperdestructive and hypoplastic thrombocytopenia. Am J Clin Pathol 2001; 115:656-64. [PMID: 11345828 DOI: 10.1309/raw2-0lqw-8ytx-941v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We measured reticulated platelets (RPs) and plasma glycocalicin (GC) and thrombopoietin (TPO) levels simultaneously in 107 thrombocytopenic patients to clarify the diagnostic value of these tests for discriminating hyperdestructive from hypoplastic thrombocytopenia. The percentage of RPs and GC index (plasma GC level normalized for the individual platelet count) were markedly elevated in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) but normal or slightly elevated in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) or chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (ChemoT). For RP percentage for diagnosing hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia the sensitivity and specificity were excellent but were lower for the GC index. Absolute RP counts and plasma GC levels were markedly decreased and plasma TPO levels markedly elevated in patients with AA or ChemoT, but absolute RP counts and plasma GC levels were moderately decreased and plasma TPO levels only slightly elevated in patients with ITP. The sensitivity and specificity of plasma TPO levels for diagnosing hypoplastic thrombocytopenia were excellent. Using the RP percentage and plasma TPO levels in combination improved specificities. Simultaneous measurement of RP percentage and plasma TPO level may help discriminate thrombocytopenia of unknown cause in routine hematologic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kurata
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Osaka University Hospital, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Advances in the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation have led to an increasing number of patients initially surviving sudden cardiac arrest. Unfortunately, most of these patients do not recover from the resultant anoxic brain insult. Several animal and human trials have suggested that post-resuscitative brain hypothermia may improve neurologic recovery after cardiopulmonary arrest. Present cooling methods are slow, induce only brain surface cooling, or result in systemic hypothermia. The authors tested the hypothesis that unilateral hypothermic carotid bypass would induce bilateral brain cooling without evoking systemic hypothermia or hemodynamic instability. METHODS Anesthetized, ventilated common swine (n = 6, 24-37 kg) underwent right femoral and carotid artery bypass cannulation. Central and peripheral hemodynamic parameters were recorded every 2 minutes throughout the procedure. Thermodynamic parameters included bilateral frontal lobe, bilateral nasopharyngeal, pulmonary artery, and rectal temperatures. Hypothermic femoral-carotid bypass was accomplished by drawing blood from the right femoral artery, cooling it to 24 degrees C, and returning it to the right carotid artery at a flow rate of 5 mL/kg/min for 30 minutes. RESULTS With initiation of cooling, brain temperatures dropped rapidly from baseline of 37.2 degrees C to 30.6 degrees C (right frontal lobe) and 33.1 degrees C (left frontal lobe) at 30 minutes. Pulmonary artery and rectal temperatures also decreased, but never reached mild hypothermic levels (34 degrees C). There was no significant change in any hemodynamic parameters during brain cooling. CONCLUSIONS Femoral-carotid hypothermic bypass rapidly induced a state of selective brain hypothermia without causing systemic hypothermia or hemodynamic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mori
- Department of Traumatology and Critical Care Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Kurata Y, Katsuta O, Hiratsuka H, Tsuchitani M, Umemura T. Intravenous 1alpha, 25[OH]2 vitamin D3 (calcitriol) pulse therapy for bone lesions in a murine model of chronic cadmium toxicosis. Int J Exp Pathol 2001; 82:43-53. [PMID: 11422540 PMCID: PMC2517698 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2613.2001.00179.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2000] [Accepted: 11/29/2000] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to clarify the therapeutic effects of 1alpha, 25[OH]2 vitamin D3 (calcitriol) pulse injection on bone lesions induced in a rat model of chronic cadmium toxicosis. Ovariectomized (OVX) and control-operated (sham-OVX) rats were given repeated intravenous injections of 0.5 mg/kg/day CdCl2 for 70 weeks. The rats were then treated intravenously with 0.02 microg/kg/day calcitriol 3 days per week for 8 weeks. CdCl2 treatment induced increases in osteoid volumes of the femur cortex and trabecula. This change was accompanied by an increase in the volume of iron deposition at the mineralization front of the trabeculae and a reduction in mineral density. Abnormalities of bone metabolic parameters, which were increases in the blood calcium, inorganic phosphorous, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and osteocalcin levels, and in the urine deoxypyridinoline (D-PYR) level, were also induced. Calcitriol treatment increased the blood calcium and inorganic phosphorous levels, and reduced the blood PTH level. Decreases in blood tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and urine d-PYR levels were also induced indicating that bone resorption was suppressed. The findings indicated that the increased osteoid volume of the cortex and Fe-deposition volume of the trabecula were improved. These effects or improvements were observed in the sham-OVX rats but not in the OVX rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kurata
- Toxicology Division, Mitsubishi Chemical Safety Institute Ltd, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Honda S, Tomiyama Y, Pampori N, Kashiwagi H, Kiyoi T, Kosugi S, Tadokoro S, Kurata Y, Shattil SJ, Matsuzawa Y. Ligand binding to integrin alpha(v)beta(3) requires tyrosine 178 in the alpha(v) subunit. Blood 2001; 97:175-82. [PMID: 11133758 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v97.1.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin alpha(v)beta(3) has been implicated in angiogenesis and other biological processes. However, the ligand-binding sites in alpha(v), a non-I-domain alpha subunit, remain to be identified. Recently in alpha(IIb), the other partner of the beta(3) subunit, several discontinuous residues important for ligand binding were identified in the predicted loops between repeats 2 and 3 (W3 4-1 loop) and within repeat 3 (W3 2-3 loop). Based on these findings, alanine-scanning mutagenesis in 293 cells was used to investigate the role of these loops (cysteine [C]142-C155 and glycine [G]172-G181) of alpha(v) in ligand binding. Wild-type alpha(v)beta(3) was able to bind soluble fibrinogen following integrin activation either by 0.5 mM manganese dichloride (MnCl(2)) or a mutation of beta(3) threonine (T)562 to asparagine. However, mutation of tyrosine (Y)178 to alanine in the predicted G172-G181 loop of alpha(v) abolished fibrinogen binding, and alanine (A) substitutions at adjacent residues phenylalanine (F)177 and tryptophan (W)179 had a similar effect. Cells expressing Y178Aalpha(v) also failed to bind to immobilized fibrinogen. Moreover, the Y178A mutation abolished the binding of WOW-1 Fab, a monovalent ligand-mimetic anti-alpha(v)beta(3) antibody, and the expression of beta(3) ligand-induced binding sites (LIBS) induced by arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-tryptophan (RGDW). In sharp contrast to the data obtained with alpha(IIb), none of the mutations in the predicted W3 4-1 loop in alpha(v) impaired ligand binding. These results implicate alpha(v) Y178 in ligand binding to alpha(v)beta(3), and they suggest that there are key structural differences in the adhesive ligand-binding sites of alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(IIb)beta(3).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Honda
- Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Kosugi S, Tomiyama Y, Honda S, Kashiwagi H, Shiraga M, Tadokoro S, Kiyoi T, Kurata Y, Matsuzawa Y. Anti-alphavbeta3 antibodies in chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Thromb Haemost 2001; 85:36-41. [PMID: 11204584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
In chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), anti-GPIIb-IIIa (alphaIIbbeta3) autoantibodies have been detected in serum and/or platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) and considered as one of the major causes. We examined whether anti-alphavbeta3 antibodies might be present in ITP cases because of the similarity between alphavbeta3 and GPIIb-IIIa (alphaIIbbeta3). Modified antigen capture ELISA (MACE) using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) showed the presence of serum anti-alphavbeta3 antibodies in 23 of 80 ITP patients (29%). Cross-adsorption studies between platelets and HUVEC demonstrated that most of anti-alphavbeta3 and anti-GPIIb-IIIa antibodies exclusively reacted with alphavbeta3 and GPIIb-IIIa, respectively. Platelet-associated anti-GPIIb-IIIa antibodies did not react with alphavbeta3, either. Interestingly, patients having anti-alphavbeta3 antibodies showed significantly lower platelet counts than negative patients. These results indicate the serum anti-alphavbeta3 antibodies are different ones from the classical anti-GPIIb-IIIa (alphaIIbbeta3) antibodies and would provide a new insight into the pathophysiology of ITP as well as the autoantigenic epitopes on beta3 integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kosugi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Hayashi S, Oshida M, Kiyoi T, Tadokoro S, Kashiwagi H, Honda S, Tomiyama Y, Kurata Y. [Comparison of reticulated platelet count with plasma glycocalicin concentration as a marker of platelet turnover in patients with thrombocytopenic disorders]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2000; 41:705-11. [PMID: 11070930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of plasma glycocalicin (GC) and reticulated platelets (RP) have been reported to be useful for classifying thrombocytopenic disorders. However, there have been no reports comparing the clinical usefulness of the two methods. We measured GC and RP levels simultaneously in 39 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), 15 patients with aplastic anemia (AA), and 17 patients with hypoplastic thrombocytopenia (HypoT) due to chemotherapy. The GC index (GC level normalized for the individual platelet count) and the percentage of RP (%RP), a parameter of platelet life span, were very high (7.5 +/- 11.4 and 20.8 +/- 13.0%, respectively) in patients with ITP as compared with those of healthy subjects (1.3 +/- 0.5 and 7.9 +/- 2.5%, respectively). However, 6 AA patients and 14 HypoT patients, in whom platelet life span is thought to be normal, also had an elevated GC index, suggestive of a false positive result. The RP, a parameter of platelet production, was low in all AA and HypoT patients except for one in each case. However, the GC level, an additional parameter of platelet production, was normal in 4 AA and 8 HypoT patients, indicating that it is not a sensitive indicator. We conclude that the RP and %RP are more feasible markers of thrombopoiesis and platelet life span, respectively, than the GC level and GC index.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hayashi
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Osaka University Hospital
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Hisatome I, Kurata Y, Sasaki N, Morisaki T, Morisaki H, Tanaka Y, Urashima T, Yatsuhashi T, Tsuboi M, Kitamura F, Miake J, Takeda SI, Taniguchi SI, Ogino K, Igawa O, Yoshida A, Sato R, Makita N, Shigemasa C. Block of sodium channels by divalent mercury: role of specific cysteinyl residues in the P-loop region. Biophys J 2000; 79:1336-45. [PMID: 10968996 PMCID: PMC1301028 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(00)76386-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Divalent mercury (Hg(2+)) blocked human skeletal Na(+) channels (hSkM1) in a stable dose-dependent manner (K(d) = 0.96 microM) in the absence of reducing agent. Dithiothreitol (DTT) significantly prevented Hg(2+) block of hSkM1, and Hg(2+) block was also readily reversed by DTT. Both thimerosal and 2,2'-dithiodipyridine had little effect on hSkM1; however, pretreatment with thimerosal attenuated Hg(2+) block of hSkM1. Y401C+E758C rat skeletal muscle Na(+) channels (mu1) that form a disulfide bond spontaneously between two cysteines at the 401 and 758 positions showed a significantly lower sensitivity to Hg(2+) (K(d) = 18 microM). However, Y401C+E758C mu1 after reduction with DTT had a significantly higher sensitivity to Hg(2+) (K(d) = 0.36 microM) than wild-type hSkM1. Mutants C753Amu1 (K(d) = 8.47 microM) or C1521A mu1 (K(d) = 8.63 microM) exhibited significantly lower sensitivity to Hg(2+) than did wild-type hSkM1, suggesting that these two conserved cysteinyl residues of the P-loop region may play an important role in the Hg(2+) block of the hSkM1 isoform. The heart Na(+) channel (hH1) was significantly more sensitive to low-dose Hg(2+) (K(d) = 0.43 microM) than was hSkM1. The C373Y hH1 mutant exhibited higher resistance (K(d) = 1.12 microM) to Hg(2+) than did wild-type hH1. In summary, Hg(2+) probably inhibits the muscle Na(+) channels at more than one cysteinyl residue in the Na(+) channel P-loop region. Hg(2+) exhibits a lower K(d) value (<1. 23 microM) for inhibition by forming a sulfur-Hg-sulfur bridge, as compared to reaction at a single cysteinyl residue with a higher K(d) value (>8.47 microM) by forming sulfur-Hg(+) covalently. The heart Na(+) channel isoform with more than two cysteinyl residues in the P-loop region exhibits an extremely high sensitivity (K(d) < 0. 43 microM) to Hg(+), accounting for heart-specific high sensitivity to the divalent mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hisatome
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683, Japan.
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Nishiyama M, Hayashi S, Futsukaichi Y, Suehisa E, Kurata Y. [Measurement of reticulated platelet using whole blood: methodology and clinical application]. Rinsho Byori 2000; 48:872-6. [PMID: 11051807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
We established simple and rapid method to measure reticulated platelets using whole blood. After whole blood was fixed with paraformaldehyde, sample was stained with thiazole orange and analyzed using flow cytometer. %RP was significantly higher in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) (27.7 +/- 14.3%) compared with that of normal subjects(11.9 +/- 3.1%), and elevated in 73% of ITP patients. Furthermore, %RP reflected the status of disease very well in a patient with ITP undergoing therapy. Our method can be effectively applied for differential diagnosis and assessment of the status of thrombocytopenic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nishiyama
- Central Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita
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Kurata Y. [New development in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2000; 89:1114-20. [PMID: 10892186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Kurata Y. [New strategy for diagnosis and therapy of ITP]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2000; 41:458-62. [PMID: 10921341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Kurata Y, Wako Y, Tanaka K, Inoue Y, Makinodan F. Thyroid hyperactivity induced by methimazole, spironolactone and phenobarbital in marmosets (Callithrix jacchus): histopathology, plasma thyroid hormone levels and hepatic T4 metabolism. J Vet Med Sci 2000; 62:607-14. [PMID: 10907687 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.62.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine drug-induced hyperfunction of marmoset thyroids due to inhibition of synthesis or enhancement of metabolic elimination of thyroid hormones, males were orally administered 10 and 30 mg/kg/day methimazole (MMI), 30 and 100 mg/kg/day spironolactone (SPL), or 50 mg/kg/day phenobarbital (PB) for 4 weeks. MMI caused marked hypertrophy of follicular epithelial cells in accordance with a significant decrease in the plasma thyroxin (T4) level. Hypertrophied epithelial cells were filled with dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and reabsorbed intracellular colloids, and the luminal surface was covered with abundant microvilli. The colloid included vacuoles positive to anti T4 immuno-staining. SPL and PB also caused similar histomorphological changes, although they were less severe than those due to MMI and were not clearly associated with decrease in the plasma T4 levels. Hepatic T4 UDPGT activities tended to increase due to SPL and PB treatment, however, which were not so significant as increases in microsomal cytochrome P-450 contents. Some animals treated with SPL and PB showed marked increases in thyroid weights due to inactive dilated follicles. In conclusion, hyperactivity of thyroid follicles was induced in marmosets not only due to inhibition of T4 synthesis produced by MMI but also because of enhancement of hepatic T4 elimination produced by SPL and PB. However, hypertrophic effects of SPL and PB were less severe than MMI, because plasma T4 levels were maintained at almost pretreatment or control levels after SPL or PB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kurata
- Mitsubishi Chemical Safety Institute Ltd., Kashima-gun, Ibaraki, Japan
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Kurata Y, Makinodan F, Matsumoto J, Toyota N, Tanaka K. Partial hepatectomy of marmoset: clinical and pathological effects and utility in microsomal enzyme analysis. Exp Anim 2000; 49:91-6. [PMID: 10889947 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.49.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver biopsy based on a partial hepatectomy technique (shearing) was performed in 10 common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). This is a preliminary study to evaluate the effects of drugs on hepatic microsomal enzymes: cytochrome P-450 and T4 uridine diphosphate glucuronyl transferase (T4-UDPGT), by comparing post-treatment values with pre-treatment values individually with a limited number of animals. The effects of the biopsy on clinical findings and liver pathology were evaluated during the first 5 post-surgical weeks. Although the plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities tended to decrease from 1 to 4 weeks post-surgery, no abnormality was noted in clinical sign, body weight, the hematocrit value or other blood chemical values. At necropsy, adhesion of the sheared site of the liver to the parietal peritoneum or the small intestine was evident in 2 of the 4 marmosets. Microscopic examination revealed focal fibrosis in the liver, but it was localized around the sheared site. Based on the above results, it was concluded that liver biopsy must be performed more than one month before administration of the drug to be tested. The biopsy samples and the whole liver samples obtained at autopsy were subjected to analysis of microsomal protein content, cytochrome P-450 content and T4-UDPGT activity. In comparison with the values from the whole liver samples, those from the biopsy samples showed no significant difference. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation rather than difference between matched values. This suggested that partial hepatectomy is a useful method for obtaining pretreatment values in liver biochemistry to evaluate the effects of drug-treatment in individual animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kurata
- Mitsubishi Chemical Safety Institute Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
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Kunishima S, Tomiyama Y, Honda S, Kurata Y, Kamiya T, Ozawa K, Saito H. Cys97-->Tyr mutation in the glycoprotein IX gene associated with Bernard-Soulier syndrome. Br J Haematol 1999; 107:539-45. [PMID: 10583255 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01733.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) is an autosomal recessive bleeding disorder due to quantitative or qualitative abnormalities in the glycoprotein (GP) Ib/IX/V complex, the platelet receptor for von Willebrand factor. We describe here the genetic basis of the disorder in a patient with BSS. Flow cytometric analysis of the patient's platelets showed a greatly reduced GPIbalpha and completely absent GPIX surface expression. Immunoblot analysis disclosed greatly reduced GPIbalpha and residual amounts of GPIbbeta and GPIX in the platelets. DNA sequencing analysis revealed the patient to be homozygous for a novel missense mutation in the GPIX gene that converts Cys (TGT) to Tyr (TAT) at residue 97. Transient transfection studies confirmed that mutant GPIX was not expressed on the transfected cells, showing that the mutation was responsible for the BSS phenotype observed in the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kunishima
- Japanese Red Cross Aichi Blood Centre, Seto, Aichi, Japan.
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