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Sanchez EE, Tello-Lafoz M, Guo AJ, de Jesus M, Elbanna YA, Winer BY, Budhu S, Chan E, Rosiek E, Kondo T, DuSold J, Taylor N, Altan-Bonnet G, Olson MF, Huse M. Apoptotic contraction drives target cell release by cytotoxic T cells. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1434-1442. [PMID: 37500886 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01572-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) fight intracellular pathogens and cancer by identifying and destroying infected or transformed target cells1. To kill, CTLs form a specialized cytotoxic immune synapse (IS) with a target of interest and then release toxic perforin and granzymes into the interface to elicit programmed cell death2-5. The IS then dissolves, enabling CTLs to search for additional prey and professional phagocytes to clear the corpse6. While the mechanisms governing IS assembly have been studied extensively, far less is known about target cell release. Here, we applied time-lapse imaging to explore the basis for IS dissolution and found that it occurred concomitantly with the cytoskeletal contraction of apoptotic targets. Genetic and pharmacological perturbation of this contraction response indicated that it was both necessary and sufficient for CTL dissociation. We also found that mechanical amplification of apoptotic contractility promoted faster CTL detachment and serial killing. Collectively, these results establish a biophysical basis for IS dissolution and highlight the importance of mechanosensory feedback in the regulation of cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa E Sanchez
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Tello-Lafoz
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aixuan J Guo
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miguel de Jesus
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yassmin A Elbanna
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Y Winer
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sadna Budhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric Chan
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric Rosiek
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Taisuke Kondo
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Justyn DuSold
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Naomi Taylor
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Michael F Olson
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Morgan Huse
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Ibarra J, Elbanna YA, Kurylowicz K, Ciboddo M, Greenbaum HS, Arellano NS, Rodriguez D, Evers M, Bock-Hughes A, Liu C, Smith Q, Lutze J, Baumeister J, Kalmer M, Olschok K, Nicholson B, Silva D, Maxwell L, Dowgielewicz J, Rumi E, Pietra D, Casetti IC, Catricala S, Koschmieder S, Gurbuxani S, Schneider RK, Oakes SA, Elf SE. Type I but Not Type II Calreticulin Mutations Activate the IRE1α/XBP1 Pathway of the Unfolded Protein Response to Drive Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Blood Cancer Discov 2022; 3:298-315. [PMID: 35405004 PMCID: PMC9338758 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-21-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 20% of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) harbor mutations in the gene calreticulin (CALR), with 80% of those mutations classified as either type I or type II. While type II CALR-mutant proteins retain many of the Ca2+ binding sites present in the wild-type protein, type I CALR-mutant proteins lose these residues. The functional consequences of this differential loss of Ca2+ binding sites remain unexplored. Here, we show that the loss of Ca2+ binding residues in the type I mutant CALR protein directly impairs its Ca2+ binding ability, which in turn leads to depleted endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ and subsequent activation of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of IRE1α/XBP1 signaling induces cell death in type I mutant but not type II mutant or wild-type CALR-expressing cells, and abrogates type I mutant CALR-driven MPN disease progression in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE Current targeted therapies for CALR-mutated MPNs are not curative and fail to differentiate between type I- versus type II-driven disease. To improve treatment strategies, it is critical to identify CALR mutation type-specific vulnerabilities. Here we show that IRE1α/XBP1 represents a unique, targetable dependency specific to type I CALR-mutated MPNs. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 265.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ibarra
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yassmin A. Elbanna
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Katarzyna Kurylowicz
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michele Ciboddo
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Harrison S. Greenbaum
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nicole S. Arellano
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Deborah Rodriguez
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maria Evers
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Althea Bock-Hughes
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chenyu Liu
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Quinn Smith
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Julian Lutze
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Julian Baumeister
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University and Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Milena Kalmer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University and Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Olschok
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University and Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Nicholson
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Diane Silva
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Luke Maxwell
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonathan Dowgielewicz
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elisa Rumi
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Pietra
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Catricala
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Steffen Koschmieder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University and Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Rebekka K. Schneider
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Scott A. Oakes
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shannon E. Elf
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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