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Sangsuriya P, Huang JY, Chu YF, Phiwsaiya K, Leekitcharoenphon P, Meemetta W, Senapin S, Huang WP, Withyachumnarnkul B, Flegel TW, Lo CF. Construction and application of a protein interaction map for white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:269-82. [PMID: 24217020 PMCID: PMC3879619 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.029199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is currently the most serious global threat for cultured shrimp production. Although its large, double-stranded DNA genome has been completely characterized, most putative protein functions remain obscure. To provide more informative knowledge about this virus, a proteomic-scale network of WSSV-WSSV protein interactions was carried out using a comprehensive yeast two-hybrid analysis. An array of yeast transformants containing each WSSV open reading frame fused with GAL4 DNA binding domain and GAL4 activation domain was constructed yielding 187 bait and 182 prey constructs, respectively. On screening of ∼28,000 pairwise combinations, 710 interactions were obtained from 143 baits. An independent coimmunoprecipitation assay (co-IP) was performed to validate the selected protein interaction pairs identified from the yeast two-hybrid approach. The program Cytoscape was employed to create a WSSV protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The topology of the WSSV PPI network was based on the Barabási-Albert model and consisted of a scale-free network that resembled other established viral protein interaction networks. Using the RNA interference approach, knocking down either of two candidate hub proteins gave shrimp more protection against WSSV than knocking down a nonhub gene. The WSSV protein interaction map established in this study provides novel guidance for further studies on shrimp viral pathogenesis, host-viral protein interaction and potential targets for therapeutic and preventative antiviral strategies in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakkakul Sangsuriya
- From the ‡Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- §Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Jiun-Yan Huang
- ¶Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Fei Chu
- ¶Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kornsunee Phiwsaiya
- From the ‡Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- ‖National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon
- From the ‡Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Watcharachai Meemetta
- From the ‡Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- From the ‡Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- ‖National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wei-Pang Huang
- ¶Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Boonsirm Withyachumnarnkul
- From the ‡Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- **Shrimp Genetic Improvement Center, Surat Thani 84100, Thailand
- ‡‡Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Timothy W. Flegel
- From the ‡Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- ‖National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Chu-Fang Lo
- ¶Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- ¶¶Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chu YF, Yen CT, Lee LJ. Neonatal whisker clipping alters behavior, neuronal structure and neural activity in adult rats. Behav Brain Res 2012; 238:124-33. [PMID: 23098795 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Early experience plays critical roles during the development of sensory systems. For example, neonatal surgical manipulations of the whiskers in rodents lead to altered neural activity and behaviors later in life. However, while surgical procedures damage the sensory pathway; it is hard to examine the impact of whisker deprivation on adult animals. To address this issue, we performed a neonatal whisker clipping (WC0-3) paradigm, a non-invasive procedure, from the day of birth (P0) to postnatal day (P) 3, and examined behavioral performances in their adult age. With fully regrown whiskers, the WC0-3 rats exhibited shorter crossable distance than controls in a gap-crossing task, suggesting a defect in their whisker-specific tactile function. In their somatosensory cortex, the layer IV spiny stellate neurons had reduced dendritic complexity and spine density. After exploration in a novel environment, the expression of an activity-dependent immediate early gene, c-fos, increased dramatically in the somatosensory cortex. However, in WC0-3 rats, the number of c-Fos positive cells was less than those in control rats, indicating a fault in transducing sensory-related neural activity between cortical layers in WC0-3 rats. Together, our results demonstrate the roles of early tactile experience on the establishment of layer-specific excitatory connection in the barrel cortex. Early sensory insufficiency would leave long-lasting functional deficits in the sensory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fei Chu
- Graduate Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tsai IH, Wang YM, Au LC, Ko TP, Chen YH, Chu YF. Phospholipases A2 from Callosellasma rhodostoma venom gland cloning and sequencing of 10 of the cDNAs, three-dimensional modelling and chemical modification of the major isozyme. Eur J Biochem 2000; 267:6684-91. [PMID: 11054123 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01766.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Callosellasma rhodostoma (Malayan pitviper) is a monotypic Asian pitviper of medical importance. Three acidic phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) and one basic PLA2-homolog were purified from its venom while 10 cDNAs encoding distinct PLA2s were cloned from venom glands of a Thailand specimen of this species. Complete amino-acid sequences of the purified PLA2s were successfully deduced from their cDNA sequences. Among the six un-translated PLA2 cDNAs, two apparently result from recombination of its Lys49-PLA2 gene with its Asp49-PLA2 genes. The acidic PLA2s inhibit platelet-aggregation, while the noncatalytic PLA2-homolog induces local edema. This basic PLA2-homolog contains both Asp49 and other, unusual substitutions unique for the venom Lys49-PLA2 subtype (e.g. Leu5, Trp6, Asn28 and Arg34). Three-dimensional modelling of the basic protein revealed a heparin-binding region, and an abnormal calcium-binding pocket, which may explain its low catalytic activity. Oxidation of up to six of its Met residues or coinjection with heparin reduced its edema-inducing activity but methylation of its active site His48 did not. The distinct Arg/Lys-rich and Met-rich region at positions 10-36 of the PLA2 homolog presumably are involved in its heparin-binding and the cell membrane-interference leading to edema and myotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Tsai
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Two cases of foreign bodies (button batteries) in the nasal cavities were reported. The first patient was a 6-year-old girl who put a button battery into her left nostril and ulceration of the septum and inferior turbinate was found. The other patient was a 3-year-old boy, the alkaline battery caused neither septal perforation nor stenosis of the nasal meatus. All button batteries as foreign bodies in the nasal cavities should be removed immediately to prevent severe local tissue damage, resulting in late sequels, such as septal perforation or stenosis of the nasal meatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei Municipal Women and Children Hospital, Taiwan
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