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Wu YC, Chen CH, Lu HT, Lee YL, Chen PY, Wu TY, Tien MH, Wu CH, Huang JYJ, Hsiao CH, Chu WC. Fetal Aortic Blood Flow Velocity and Power Doppler Profiles in the First Trimester: A Comprehensive Study Using High-Definition Flow Imaging. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:378. [PMID: 38671799 PMCID: PMC11048424 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to establish reference values for fetal aortic isthmus blood flow velocity and associated indices during the first trimester, utilizing a novel ultrasonographic technique known as high-definition flow imaging (HDFI). Additionally, the correlation between Doppler profiles of aortic blood flow and key fetal parameters, including nuchal thickness (NT), crown-rump length (CRL), and fetal heartbeat (FHB), was investigated. METHODS A total of 262 fetuses were included in the analysis between December 2022 and December 2023. Utilizing 2D power Doppler ultrasound images, aortic blood flow parameters were assessed, including aortic peak systolic velocity (PS), aortic end-diastolic velocity (ED), aortic time average maximal velocity (TAMV), and various indices such as aortic systolic velocity/diastolic velocity (S/D), aortic pulsatile index (PI), aortic resistance index (RI), aortic isthmus flow velocity index (IFI), and aortic isthmic systolic index (ISI). Concurrently, fetal FHB, NT, and CRL were evaluated during early trimester Down syndrome screening. RESULTS Significant findings include a positive correlation between gestational age (GA) and PS (PS = 3.75 × (GA) - 15.4, r2 = 0.13, p < 0.01), ED (ED = 0.42 × (GA) - 0.61, r2 = 0.04, p < 0.01), PI (PI = 0.07 × (GA) + 1.03, r2 = 0.04, p < 0.01), and TAMV (TAMV = 1.23 × (GA) - 1.66, r2 = 0.08, p < 0.01). In contrast, aortic ISI demonstrated a significant decrease (ISI = -0.03 × (GA) + 0.57, r2 = 0.05, p < 0.05) with gestational age. No significant correlation was observed for aortic RI (p = 0.33), S/D (p = 0.39), and IFI (p = 0.29) with gestational age. Aortic PS exhibited positive correlations with NT (0.217, p = 0.001) and CRL (0.360, p = 0.000) but a negative correlation with FHB (-0.214, p = 0.001). Aortic PI demonstrated positive correlations with CRL (0.208, p = 0.001) and negative correlations with FHB (-0.176, p = 0.005). Aortic TAMV showed positive correlations with NT (0.233, p = 0.000) and CRL (0.290, p = 0.000) while exhibiting a negative correlation with FHB (-0.141, p = 0.026). Aortic ISI demonstrated negative correlations with NT (-0.128, p = 0.045) and CRL (-0.218, p = 0.001) but a positive correlation with FHB (0.163, p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Power Doppler angiography with Doppler ultrasound demonstrates the ability to establish accurate reference values for fetal aortic blood flow during the first trimester of pregnancy. Notably, aortic PS, TAMV, and ISI exhibit significant correlations with NT, CRL, and FHB, with ISI appearing more relevant than IFI, PS, TAMV, and FHB. The utilization of HDFI technology proves advantageous in efficiently detecting the site of the aortic isthmus compared to traditional color Doppler mode in early second trimesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (H.-T.L.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ton Yen General Hospital, Hsinchu 302048, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.); (C.-H.W.); (J.Y.-J.H.)
- Taiwan IVF Group Center for Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, Hsinchu 302053, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.W.)
| | - Ching-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 100027, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
| | - Hsin-Tzu Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (H.-T.L.)
| | - Yu-Li Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 100027, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
| | - Pi-Yu Chen
- Taiwan IVF Group Center for Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, Hsinchu 302053, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.W.)
| | - Ting-Yu Wu
- Taiwan IVF Group Center for Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, Hsinchu 302053, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.W.)
| | - Ming-Hsun Tien
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ton Yen General Hospital, Hsinchu 302048, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.); (C.-H.W.); (J.Y.-J.H.)
| | - Chiung-Hui Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ton Yen General Hospital, Hsinchu 302048, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.); (C.-H.W.); (J.Y.-J.H.)
| | - Jack Yu-Jen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ton Yen General Hospital, Hsinchu 302048, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.); (C.-H.W.); (J.Y.-J.H.)
- Taiwan IVF Group Center for Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, Hsinchu 302053, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.W.)
| | - Ching-Hua Hsiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (H.-T.L.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 100027, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
| | - Woei-Chyn Chu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (H.-T.L.)
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Steensma MJ, Lee YL, Bouwman AC, Pita Barros C, Derks MFL, Bink MCAM, Harlizius B, Huisman AE, Crooijmans RPMA, Groenen MAM, Mulder HA, Rochus CM. Identification and characterisation of de novo germline structural variants in two commercial pig lines using trio-based whole genome sequencing. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:208. [PMID: 37072725 PMCID: PMC10114323 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09296-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND De novo mutations arising in the germline are a source of genetic variation and their discovery broadens our understanding of genetic disorders and evolutionary patterns. Although the number of de novo single nucleotide variants (dnSNVs) has been studied in a number of species, relatively little is known about the occurrence of de novo structural variants (dnSVs). In this study, we investigated 37 deeply sequenced pig trios from two commercial lines to identify dnSVs present in the offspring. The identified dnSVs were characterised by identifying their parent of origin, their functional annotations and characterizing sequence homology at the breakpoints. RESULTS We identified four swine germline dnSVs, all located in intronic regions of protein-coding genes. Our conservative, first estimate of the swine germline dnSV rate is 0.108 (95% CI 0.038-0.255) per generation (one dnSV per nine offspring), detected using short-read sequencing. Two detected dnSVs are clusters of mutations. Mutation cluster 1 contains a de novo duplication, a dnSNV and a de novo deletion. Mutation cluster 2 contains a de novo deletion and three de novo duplications, of which one is inverted. Mutation cluster 2 is 25 kb in size, whereas mutation cluster 1 (197 bp) and the other two individual dnSVs (64 and 573 bp) are smaller. Only mutation cluster 2 could be phased and is located on the paternal haplotype. Mutation cluster 2 originates from both micro-homology as well as non-homology mutation mechanisms, where mutation cluster 1 and the other two dnSVs are caused by mutation mechanisms lacking sequence homology. The 64 bp deletion and mutation cluster 1 were validated through PCR. Lastly, the 64 bp deletion and the 573 bp duplication were validated in sequenced offspring of probands with three generations of sequence data. CONCLUSIONS Our estimate of 0.108 dnSVs per generation in the swine germline is conservative, due to our small sample size and restricted possibilities of dnSV detection from short-read sequencing. The current study highlights the complexity of dnSVs and shows the potential of breeding programs for pigs and livestock species in general, to provide a suitable population structure for identification and characterisation of dnSVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije J Steensma
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands.
| | - Y L Lee
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - A C Bouwman
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - C Pita Barros
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - M F L Derks
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
- Topigs Norsvin Research Center, Schoenaker 6, Beuningen, 6641 SZ, the Netherlands
| | - M C A M Bink
- Hendrix Genetics, P.O. Box 114, Boxmeer, 5830 AC, the Netherlands
| | - B Harlizius
- Topigs Norsvin Research Center, Schoenaker 6, Beuningen, 6641 SZ, the Netherlands
| | - A E Huisman
- Hendrix Genetics, P.O. Box 114, Boxmeer, 5830 AC, the Netherlands
| | - R P M A Crooijmans
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - M A M Groenen
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - H A Mulder
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - C M Rochus
- University of Guelph, Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, O N, N1G 2W1, Canada
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Lee YL, Lee JD, Weng HH, Wang AN, Tsai YH. Association of Aortic Arch Calcification with Acute Ischemic Stroke Subtypes and Endovascular Thrombectomy Outcomes. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023; 34:865-870. [PMID: 36603769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the aortic arch calcification (AAC) on computed tomography (CT) scans, with the goal of predicting the subtypes of patients with ischemic stroke and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Automated analysis was used to quantify AAC on CT scans. From January 2020 to March 2021, 119 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke were analyzed, and the feasibility of EVT was assessed; 43 underwent the procedure. RESULTS AAC was present in 117 (98.3%) of 119 patients. There was a significant difference (P <.001) in AAC severity among all patients with ischemic stroke according to the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment classification. In patients who underwent EVT, AAC severity was significantly related to the thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grade, thrombectomy procedure time, and modified Rankin scale at discharge (P =.002, P =.035 and P =.015, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis also showed that severe AAC (volume, ≥1,000 mm3) (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 12.1; adjusted 95% confidence interval [CI]), 2.1-36.4; P =.001) and intracranial atherosclerotic disease (adjusted OR, 9.5; adjusted 95% CI, 2.3-33.7; P =.001) were both independently associated with poor thrombolysis reperfusion rate. CONCLUSIONS A high proportion of patients with ischemic stroke have AAC, the severity of which is a potential imaging marker of ischemic stroke subtypes and the outcome of EVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Lee
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Der Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Huei Weng
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - An-Ni Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hsiung Tsai
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Choi JI, Kweon HY, Lee YL, Lee JH, Lee SY. Efficacy of Silkworm Pupae Extract on Muscle Strength and Mass in Middle-Aged and Older Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:578-585. [PMID: 37498105 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1942-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the efficacy and safety of silkworm pupae extract (SWP) consumption for 12 weeks on muscle mass and strength in middle-aged and older individuals with relatively low skeletal muscle mass who do regular low-intensity exercise. DESIGN A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS The study was conducted with 54 participants with relatively low skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (64.4 ± 6.1 years; body mass index, 23.8 ± 2.4 kg/m2). INTERVENTION AND MEASUREMENTS Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: 1000 mg of SWP/day plus regular exercise (SWP group, n=27) or placebo plus regular exercise (placebo group, n=27). All participants were required to engage in 30-60 minutes/day of walking for ≥3 days/week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was knee extension/flexion strength (Nm), measured at the velocity of 60°/s. Secondary outcomes included body composition, biomarkers (creatine kinase and creatinine), handgrip strength, and quality of life questionnaire. RESULTS Both the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses revealed no significant impact of SWP on knee strength compared to the placebo group over 12 weeks. On the other hand, the SWP group had significantly greater increases in right-handgrip strength by 1.94 kg (95% CI: 0.08-3.79; p = 0.041) and left-handgrip strength by 1.83 kg (0.25-3.41; p = 0.024) compared to the placebo group in the ITT population, after 12 weeks. Moreover, in the PP population, the SWP group revealed an even greater increase in right-handgrip strength by 2.07 kg (0.15-3. 98; p = 0.035) and left-handgrip strength by 2.21 kg (0.60-3.83; p = 0.008) for the 12-week period. However, this study resulted in a failure to detect significant differences in the body composition, biomarkers, quality of life questionnaire, physical activity, and caloric intake between the groups. None of the participants in the SWP group experienced any significant adverse events. In the placebo group, two participants experienced urticaria and allergic side effects, leading to their withdrawal from the study and two exhibited elevated levels of liver enzyme and increased diastolic blood pressure, respectively at 12 weeks. CONCLUSION SWP, in addition to low-intensity exercise, may enhance handgrip strengths in middle-aged and older adults with relatively lower SMM. Future studies need to use a large sample size over longer periods to validate our findings. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04994054.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Choi
- Sang Yeoup Lee, Family Medicine Clinic, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea, Telephone: +82-55-390-1442, E-mail: , Fax: +82-51-510-8125
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Lee YL, Cheng YQ, Zhu CF, Huo HZ. Papillary thyroid carcinoma occurring with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:8336-8343. [PMID: 36159541 PMCID: PMC9403672 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i23.8336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common malignant tumor of the thyroid. However, the coexistence of PTC and sarcoma in one patient is rare. In this article, we report the case of a patient who presented with both PTC and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), which has not been previously reported in the online Medline database (PubMed).
CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for a mass on the right side of his neck for one month, which rapidly enlarged within 2 wk with distending pain. The patient was diagnosed with a thyroid malignancy by fine-needle aspiration and underwent total thyroidectomy and bilateral central lymph node dissection. Histology and immunohistochemistry revealed features of both PTC and UPS. The thyroid cancer 8 gene detection kit results showed BRAF and telomerase reverse transcriptase mutations. The disease progressed rapidly, and the patient died four months after surgery from extensive lung metastasis.
CONCLUSION Our report highlights the patient’s pathological characteristics and related genetic mutations. Due to the rapid development and poor prognosis of cooccurring PTC and sarcoma, it is important for clinical physicians and pathologists to raise awareness of this type of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Discipline Construction Research Center of China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Discipline Construction Research Center of China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chen-Fang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Discipline Construction Research Center of China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hai-Zhong Huo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Discipline Construction Research Center of China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
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Jo S, Lee JS, Nam B, Lee YL, Kim H, Lee EY, Park YS, Kim TH. SOX9 + enthesis cells are associated with spinal ankylosis in ankylosing spondylitis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:280-290. [PMID: 34826571 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although cartilage degeneration and invasion of the subchondral bone plate in entheseal lesion has been considered to consequently lead bony ankylosis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), no evident mechanisms are known. DESIGN To identify histopathological and physiological changes in enthesitis-related ankylosis in AS, we performed molecular characterization of transcription factors and surface markers, and transcriptome analysis with human tissues. Entheseal tissue containing subchondral bone was obtained from the facet joints of 9 patients with AS and 10 disease controls, and assessed by using differential staining techniques. Enthesis cells were isolated, characterized, stimulated with TNF and/or IL-17A, and analysed by cell-based experimental tools. RESULTS We found diffusely distributed granular tissue and cartilage in the subchondral bone in AS. Co-expression of SOX9, a specific transcription factor in cartilage, and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) was found in the granular tissues within the subchondral bone from AS patients. Intriguingly, SOX9 expression was significantly higher in AS enthesis cells than controls and correlated with TNFR1 and IL-17RA expressions, which is important for high reactivity to TNF and IL-17A cytokines. Co-stimulation by TNF and IL-17A resulted in accelerated mineralization/calcification features, and increased OCN expression in AS enthesis cells. Furthermore, SOX9 overexpression in enthesis leads to promoting mineralization feature by TNF and IL-17A stimuli. Finally, OCN expression is elevated in the destructive enthesis of advanced AS. CONCLUSION These findings provide insight into the links between inflammation and the mineralization of entheseal tissue as the initiation of spinal ankylosis, emphasizing the importance of SOX9+ enthesis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jo
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; GENOME INSIGHT Inc., Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - B Nam
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Y L Lee
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - E Y Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-S Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri 11923, Republic of Korea
| | - T-H Kim
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Leong RW, Davies LJ, Fook-Chong S, Ng SY, Lee YL. Effect of the use of earplugs and eye masks on the quality of sleep after major abdominal surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Anaesthesia 2021; 76:1482-1491. [PMID: 33881774 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Significant sleep disturbance can occur following major abdominal surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of earplugs and eye masks in improving sleep quality and patient satisfaction, reducing nursing demands and in the incidence of delirium in patients after major abdominal surgery. We conducted a randomised controlled trial in 100 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. We randomly allocated participants to sleep with or without earplugs and eye masks on postoperative days 1-3. The primary outcome measure was sleep quality as measured by the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes were patient satisfaction, frequency of nursing demand and incidence of delirium measured by the Neelon and Champagne Confusion Scale. Median (IQR [range]) sleep scores were 64 (38-74 [0-100] and 60 (44-82 [18-100]) for the control and intervention groups, respectively (p = 0.310). Age and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were found to be significant factors affecting sleep quality. There were no differences in patient satisfaction, reduction in frequency of nursing demands or incidence of delirium on postoperative days 1-3 after major abdominal surgery. The compliance rate in the intervention group was 60-65%. This study has demonstrated that the use of earplugs and eye masks did not contribute to improvements in sleep quality. Of note, sleep quality was moderate, with higher age and worse baseline sleep quality contributing to worse sleep scores. More studies are needed to investigate interventions to improve sleep quality after major abdominal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Leong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - L J Davies
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - S Fook-Chong
- Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - S Y Ng
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care, Anaesthesia, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care, Anaesthesia, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
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Lee YL, Lee YW. Magnetic impurity in a triple-component semimetal. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:135805. [PMID: 33434906 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abdb11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the effects of a magnetic impurity in a multiband touching fermion system, specifically, a triple-component semimetal with a flat band, which can be realized in a family of transition metal silicides (CoSi family). When the chemical potential coincides with the flat band, it is expected that the impurity response of this system will be very different from that of an ordinary Dirac or Weyl semimetal of which the density of states at the Fermi level vanishes. We first determine the phase diagram within the mean-field approximation. Then, we study the local moment regime by employing two different methods. In the low temperature regime, the Kondo screening is analyzed by the variational wavefunction approach and the impurity contributions to the magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity are obtained, while at higher temperature, we use the equation of motion approach to calculate the occupation number of the impurity site and the impurity magnetic susceptibility. The results are compared and contrasted with those in the usual Fermi liquid and the Dirac/Weyl semimetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Lee
- Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Wen Lee
- Department of Applied Physics, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, People's Republic of China
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Liu WM, Cheng RR, Niu ZR, Chen AC, Ma MY, Li T, Chiu PC, Pang RT, Lee YL, Ou JP, Yao YQ, Yeung WSB. Let-7 derived from endometrial extracellular vesicles is an important inducer of embryonic diapause in mice. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/37/eaaz7070. [PMID: 32917695 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz7070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic diapause is a maternally controlled phenomenon. The molecule controlling the onset of the phenomenon is unknown. We demonstrated that overexpression of microRNA let-7a or incubation with let-7g-enriched extracellular vesicles from endometrial epithelial cells prolonged the in vitro survival of mouse blastocysts, which developed into live pups after having been transferred to foster mothers. Similar to in vivo dormant blastocysts, let-7-induced dormant blastocysts exhibited low level of proliferation, apoptosis, and nutrient metabolism. Let-7 suppressed c-myc/mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling to induce embryonic diapause. It also inhibited ODC1 expression reducing biosynthesis of polyamines, which are known to reactivate dormant embryos. Furthermore, the overexpression of let-7 blocked trophoblast differentiation and implantation potential of human embryo surrogates, and prolonged survival of human blastocysts in vitro, supporting the idea that embryonic diapause was an evolutionary conserved phenomenon. In conclusion, let-7 is the main factor inducing embryonic diapause.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - R R Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Z R Niu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - A C Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - M Y Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - T Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - P C Chiu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - R T Pang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Y L Lee
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - J P Ou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Y Q Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - W S B Yeung
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
- University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Key Laboratory Platform Building, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, No. 6, Yuexing 2nd Road, Shenzhen 518057, P.R. China
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10
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Chong CW, Alkatheeri AHS, Ali N, Tay ZH, Lee YL, Paramasivam SJ, Jeevaratnam K, Low WY, Lim SHE. Association of antimicrobial resistance and gut microbiota composition in human and non-human primates at an urban ecotourism site. Gut Pathog 2020; 12:14. [PMID: 32175011 PMCID: PMC7063749 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-020-00352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The rise of nature-based ecotourism in the past decade has introduced unprecedented challenges in managing the increasing interaction between humans and animals. The potential transmission of antibiotic resistant microbes between humans and non-human primate populations is a concern due to their genetic similarity. Malaysia is well known for hotspots of wildlife diversity where non-human primates like monkeys and orangutans have become popular tourist attractions. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus species, and other Enterobacteriaceae in the faeces of human (HS) and two non-human primates (NHP) in Malaysia, the Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis, MF) and Silvered leaf monkey (Trachypithecus cristatus, TC). In addition, the faecal bacterial composition was profiled to evaluate the potential association between antibiotic resistant profiles and composition of gut microbiota. Results We tested the isolated bacteria using a selection of antibiotics. The results showed that both the number of antibiotic resistant strains and resistance level were higher in humans than NHPs. Overall, the composition of gut microbiome and pattern of antibiotic resistance showed that there was higher similarity between MF and TC, the two NHPs, than with HS. In addition, samples with higher levels of antibiotic resistance showed lower bacterial richness. Homo sapiens had the lowest bacterial diversity and yet it had higher abundance of Bacteroides. In contrast, NHPs displayed higher bacterial richness and greater prevalence of Firmicutes such as Ruminococceae and Oscillospira. Conclusion Higher antibiotic susceptibility in NHPs is likely related to low direct exposure to antibiotics. The lack of resistance may also suggest limited antimicrobial resistance transmission between humans and NHP. Nonetheless, continued monitoring over a long period will help mitigate the risk of anthropozoonosis and zooanthroponosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Chong
- 1School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - A H S Alkatheeri
- 2Health Science Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - N Ali
- 3Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Perdana University, MAEPS Building, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Z H Tay
- 3Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Perdana University, MAEPS Building, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Y L Lee
- 3Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Perdana University, MAEPS Building, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - S J Paramasivam
- 4Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL UK.,7Animal Neighbours Project, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL UK
| | - K Jeevaratnam
- 4Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL UK
| | - W Y Low
- 5Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, MAEPS Building, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.,6The Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371 Australia
| | - S H E Lim
- 2Health Science Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE.,3Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Perdana University, MAEPS Building, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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11
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Lee TC, Lee YL, Chen JC, Chen CH, Ho PS. Impact of type 2 diabetes on postoperative outcome after hip fracture: nationwide population-based study in Taiwan. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e000843. [PMID: 32086279 PMCID: PMC7039587 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on hip fracture (HFx) is still controversial. We used nationwide population-based data in Taiwan to observe postoperative outcomes of HFx in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and found that the impact of T2DM may be related to medication of blood glucose control. OBJECTIVE Published studies evaluating diabetic patients with HFx have shown controversial outcomes. We assessed the impact of T2DM on postoperative outcomes after HFx in elderly patients using the nationwide population database in Taiwan. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used data from the National Health Research Institute in Taiwan to recruit patients who had undergone operations for HFx between 2000 and 2009. The recruited patients with T2DM were divided into the oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) cohort and the insulin cohort according to the use or non-use of insulin. Patients without DM were propensity score matched in a 1:1 ratio by four variables. We used the χ2 test, linear regression and Cox proportional hazards model to assess variables, including length of hospital stay, medical cost, complications, early readmission, and 1-year mortality. RESULTS We identified 5490 subjects in total. The insulin cohort exhibited prolonged hospital stay (11.8 days), higher medical costs, more complications within 30 and 90 after hip surgery, earlier readmission, and higher 1 year mortality rate (25.8%) than the OAD and non-DM cohorts. The OAD cohort had longer hospital stay (10.1 days) and higher readmission rate but fewer complications and mortality rates (14.9%) than the non-DM cohort. CONCLUSIONS After matching confounding factors, the T2DM with OAD control groups were not associated with higher complication or mortality rates but were associated with higher readmission rates. However, diabetic patients with insulin control have poor outcome. The impact of T2DM on the postoperative outcomes of patients with HFx may be related to blood glucose control medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Ching Lee
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chih Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Ho
- Faculty of Dental Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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12
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Lee YL, Huang YK, Hsu LS, Chen PY, Chen CW. The use of non-contrast-enhanced MRI to evaluate serial changes in endoleaks after aortic stenting: a case report. BMC Med Imaging 2019; 19:82. [PMID: 31640602 PMCID: PMC6805478 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-019-0379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aortic dissection is a life-threatening syndrome that sometimes requires emergency intervention, and endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a treatment option. Long-term image follow-up is also required for patients after EVAR due to possible complications. Case presentation We present the case of a 73-year-old male with underlying chronic renal disease diagnosed with a type A aortic dissection who underwent EVAR. Four-dimensional (three spatial dimensions combined with time) phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (4D PC-MRI) was performed during regular follow-up in preference to contrast-enhanced computed tomography or simple MRI while taking his poor renal function into consideration. Conclusions We considered this preferable given his issues with renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Lee
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Kuang Huang
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wound Center and Plastic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Li-Sheng Hsu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Yen Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan. .,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No.6, Sec. W., Jiapu Rd, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan.
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13
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Chen CH, Lin KD, Ke LY, Liang CJ, Kuo WC, Lee MY, Lee YL, Hsiao PJ, Hsu CC, Shin SJ. O-GlcNAcylation disrupts STRA6-retinol signals in kidneys of diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1059-1069. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Lee YL, Chen ST, Yang JT, Weng HH, Wang HL, Tsai YH. Diffusivity parameters of diffusion tensor imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient as imaging markers for predicting the treatment response of patients with trigeminal neuralgia. J Neurosurg 2019; 132:1993-1999. [PMID: 31100729 DOI: 10.3171/2019.2.jns183008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is facial pain that is usually caused by neurovascular compression syndrome and is characterized by suddenly intense and paroxysmal pain. Radiofrequency lesioning (RFL) is one of the major treatments for TN, but the treatment response for RFL is sometimes inconsistent, and the recurrence of TN is not uncommon. This study aimed to estimate the outcome predictors of TN treated with RFL by using the parameters of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). METHODS Fifty-one patients with TN who were treated with RFL were enrolled in the study. MRI was performed in all patients within 1 week before surgery. The visual analog scale was used to evaluate symptom severity at three time points: before, 1 week after, and 3 months after RFL. The involved cisternal segment of the trigeminal nerves was manually selected, and the histograms of each of the diffusivity metrics-including the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD)-were measured. The differences in the means, as well as the kurtosis and skewness of each of the diffusivity metrics between the nonrecurrent and recurrent groups, were then analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS There were significantly lower kurtosis values (a broader peak of the distributional curves) for both FA and ADC in the recurrent group (p = 0.0004 and 0.015, respectively), compared to the nonrecurrent group. The kurtoses of AD and RD, as well as the mean and skewness of all other diffusivity metrics, did not show significant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The pretreatment diffusivity metrics of DTI and ADC may be feasible imaging biomarkers for predicting the outcome of TN after RFL. A clarification of the kurtosis value of FA and ADC is helpful for determining the prognosis of patients after RFL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Lee
- Departments of1Diagnostic Radiology and
| | | | - Jen-Tsung Yang
- 2Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi branch, Chiayi; and
| | | | | | - Yuan-Hsiung Tsai
- Departments of1Diagnostic Radiology and.,3College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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15
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Yeh YL, Su MW, Chiang BL, Yang YH, Tsai CH, Lee YL. Genetic profiles of transcriptomic clusters of childhood asthma determine specific severe subtype. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:1164-1172. [PMID: 29758111 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have defined transcriptomic subtypes of adult asthma using samples of induced sputum and bronchial epithelium; however, those procedures are not readily applicable in the clinic, especially for childhood asthma. OBJECTIVE We aim to dissect the transcriptomic clusters of childhood asthma using highly variably expressed genes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) among patients. METHODS Gene expression of PBMC from 133 asthmatic children and 11 healthy controls was measured with Illumina microarrays. We applied the k-means clustering algorithm of 2048 genes to assign asthmatic children into clusters. Genes with differential expression between asthma clusters and healthy controls were used to investigate whether they could identify severe asthma of children and adults. RESULTS We identified 3 asthma clusters with distinct inflammatory profiles in peripheral blood. Cluster 1 had the highest eosinophil count. Cluster 2 showed lower counts of both eosinophils and neutrophils. Cluster 3 had the highest neutrophil count and the poorest treatment control. Compared with other patients, Cluster 3 exhibited a unique gene expression pattern which was associated with changes in the glucocorticoid signalling and activation of the T helper 1/T helper 17 (TH 1/TH 17) immune pathways. In the validation studies, an 84-gene signature could identify severe asthma in children on leucocytes, as well as severe asthma in adults on CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Gene expression profiling of PBMC is useful for the identification of TH 1/TH 17-mediated asthma with poor treatment control. PBMC and CD8+ T cells could be important targets for the investigation and identification of severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-L Yeh
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M-W Su
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - B-L Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-H Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-H Tsai
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y L Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Musa SN, Idris S, Lee YL, Sekawi Z. Molecular detection of human adenovirus among hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infection in Hospital Sungai Buloh, Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2018; 35:571-579. [PMID: 33601832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the common pathogens that are responsible for a wide variety of infectious diseases. There are about 54 different adenovirus serotypes that are responsible for respiratory infections in humans. The prevalence of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) - associated with HAdV varies throughout different regions. The prevalence of HAdV in Malaysia is rarely investigated and reported despite severity of infection worldwide. This study was undertaken to identify the HAdV types associated with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in Hospital Sungai Buloh, Malaysia between April 2013 until January 2014, a total of 210 specimens were collected from patients hospitalized with LRTI. Human adenovirus was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The positive products were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis of the virus was performed. Eighteen of 210 specimens (8.57%) were positive with HAdV infection. Based on the phylogenetic analysis study, HAdV-7 strains were the most common serotype with 11 cases, followed by HAdV-1, HAdV-2 and HAdV-4 with 2 cases each and one case of HAdV-5. The HAdV strains in this study were closely related to strains in Singapore and India. In this study, HAdV infection from LRTI patients in Hospital Sungai Buloh Malaysia were caused by different types of adenovirus mainly HAdV-7. This study will become a reference for further epidemiological study in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Musa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S Idris
- Pathology Department, Sungai Buloh Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z Sekawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
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17
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Chen YC, Chih AH, Chen JR, Liou TH, Pan WH, Lee YL. Rapid adiposity growth increases risks of new-onset asthma and airway inflammation in children. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:1035-1041. [PMID: 28286341 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES We aim to (1) examine the influence of long-term adiposity status/short-term adiposity changes on asthma with high or low fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and (2) to determine the differences in long-term adiposity status/short-term adiposity changes on atopy, airway inflammation and pulmonary function. SUBJECTS/METHODS We recruited 2450 fourth- to sixth-grade children from the nationwide Taiwan Children Health Study. Data regarding various adiposity indicators, atopic status, pulmonary function tests and asthma outcomes were collected annually. New-onset asthma was stratified by airway inflammation status using FeNO. The generalized estimating equation was used for analyzing longitudinal relationships between long-term adiposity status/short-term adiposity changes and new-onset asthma. Individual adiposity growth slopes were obtained using a hierarchical linear model to establish the relationships between short-term adiposity changes and asthma among children with high airway inflammation. RESULTS We found long-term adiposity status predicted childhood asthma with low FeNO, whereas short-term adiposity changes may increase risks of childhood asthma with high FeNO. Long-term adiposity status reduced pulmonary function, whereas short-term adiposity increase were associated with atopic diseases and airway inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Obesity-induced asthma could be mediated by high or low airway inflammation, depending on the velocity of increase in adiposity. Rapid adiposity growth may increase risks of childhood asthma and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Chen
- Taipei City Hospital, ZhongXing Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - A-H Chih
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Health Center, Office of Student Affairs, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J-R Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T-H Liou
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-H Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y L Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Chen ACH, Lee YL, Fong SW, Wong CCY, Ng EHY, Yeung WSB. Hyperglycemia impedes definitive endoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells by modulating histone methylation patterns. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 368:563-578. [PMID: 28283910 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to maternal diabetes during fetal growth is a risk factor for the development of type II diabetes (T2D) in later life. Discovery of the mechanisms involved in this association should provide valuable background for therapeutic treatments. Early embryogenesis involves epigenetic changes including histone modifications. The bivalent histone methylation marks H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 are important for regulating key developmental genes during early fetal pancreas specification. We hypothesized that maternal hyperglycemia disrupted early pancreas development through changes in histone bivalency. A human embryonic stem cell line (VAL3) was used as the cell model for studying the effects of hyperglycemia upon differentiation into definitive endoderm (DE), an early stage of the pancreatic lineage. Hyperglycemic conditions significantly down-regulated the expression levels of DE markers SOX17, FOXA2, CXCR4 and EOMES during differentiation. This was associated with retention of the repressive histone methylation mark H3K27me3 on their promoters under hyperglycemic conditions. The disruption of histone methylation patterns was observed as early as the mesendoderm stage, with Wnt/β-catenin signaling being suppressed during hyperglycemia. Treatment with Wnt/β-catenin signaling activator CHIR-99021 restored the expression levels and chromatin methylation status of DE markers, even in a hyperglycemic environment. The disruption of DE development was also found in mouse embryos at day 7.5 post coitum from diabetic mothers. Furthermore, disruption of DE differentiation in VAL3 cells led to subsequent impairment in pancreatic progenitor formation. Thus, early exposure to hyperglycemic conditions hinders DE development with a possible relationship to the later impairment of pancreas specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C H Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Room 747, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - S W Fong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - C C Y Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - E H Y Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - W S B Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
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Lee YL, Verma RK, Yadav H, Barua A. Health impacts of Facebook usage and mobile texting among undergraduate dental students: it's time to understand the difference between usage and an excessive use. Eur J Dent Educ 2016; 20:218-228. [PMID: 26277860 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facebook and mobile texting are prevalent in the lives of almost every student. However, little is known about the relationship between Facebook usage or mobile texting and their impacts on health amongst undergraduate dental students. In this study, excessive Facebook use and excessive mobile texting were studied as they relate to impacts on health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at a private university in Malaysia. A total of 188 undergraduate dental students were interviewed using a pre-tested and self-rated questionnaire. Data collected from participants were analysed using SPSS version 18.0. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression analyses were applied to study the relationship between explanatory variables and excessive Facebook use and excessive mobile texting. RESULTS The prevalence of excessive Facebook use and excessive mobile texting amongst undergraduate dental students was found to be 33.2% and 33.0%, respectively. According to a multivariate analysis, texting habits, such as the presence of daytime sleepiness after texting late at night (aOR = 2.682, 95% CI = 1.142-6.301) and the presence of anxious feelings if students failed to receive a timely response (aOR = 3.819, 95% CI = 1.580-9.230), were determined to be significant predictors of excessive mobile texting. Excessive Facebook use was found to be significantly related to three variables as follows: fewer numbers of close friends (aOR = 2.275, 95% CI = 1.057-4.898), the checking of updates on the Facebook walls of their friends (aOR = 2.582, 95% CI = 1.189-5.605) and the absence of active and vigorous feelings during Facebook use (aOR = 3.401, 95% CI = 1.233-9.434). CONCLUSIONS Approximately one-third of undergraduate dental students in this study experienced excessive Facebook use and/or excessive mobile texting. Health education and promotion should be instituted to create awareness, whilst students should be advised to practise self-control with respect to both mobile texting and Facebook usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Lee
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R K Verma
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - H Yadav
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Barua
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kwok CTD, Leung MH, Qin J, Qin Y, Wang J, Lee YL, Yao KM. The Forkhead box transcription factor FOXM1 is required for the maintenance of cell proliferation and protection against oxidative stress in human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2016; 16:651-61. [PMID: 27062359 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) exhibit unique cell cycle structure, self-renewal and pluripotency. The Forkhead box transcription factor M1 (FOXM1) is critically required for the maintenance of pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells and mouse embryonal carcinoma cells, but its role in hESCs remains unclear. Here, we show that FOXM1 expression was enriched in undifferentiated hESCs and was regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner with peak levels detected at the G2/M phase. Expression of FOXM1 did not correlate with OCT4 and NANOG during in vitro differentiation of hESCs. Importantly, knockdown of FOXM1 expression led to aberrant cell cycle distribution with impairment in mitotic progression but showed no profound effect on the undifferentiated state. Interestingly, FOXM1 depletion sensitized hESCs to oxidative stress. Moreover, genome-wide analysis of FOXM1 targets by ChIP-seq identified genes important for M phase including CCNB1 and CDK1, which were subsequently confirmed by ChIP and RNA interference analyses. Further peak set comparison against a differentiating hESC line and a cancer cell line revealed a substantial difference in the genomic binding profile of FOXM1 in hESCs. Taken together, our findings provide the first evidence to support FOXM1 as an important regulator of cell cycle progression and defense against oxidative stress in hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T D Kwok
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - M H Leung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - J Qin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y Qin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - J Wang
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - K-M Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Lee YJ, Shin SJ, Wang RH, Lin KD, Lee YL, Wang YH. Pathways of empowerment perceptions, health literacy, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors to glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patient Educ Couns 2016; 99:287-94. [PMID: 26341940 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate a hypothesized model exploring the influencing pathways of empowerment perceptions, health literacy, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors to glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS Overall, 295 patients with T2DM were recruited from five endocrine clinics in Taiwan through convenience sampling. Data regarding personal characteristics, empowerment perceptions, health literacy, self-efficacy, self-care behaviors, and HbA1c levels were collected. A structural equation modeling was used to validate the hypothesized model. RESULTS Significant direct pathways were determined from empowerment perceptions to health literacy, from health literacy to self-efficacy, from self-efficacy to self-care behaviors, and from self-care behaviors to HbA1c levels. CONCLUSIONS The empowerment perceptions and health literacy relatively influenced self-efficacy and self-care behaviors. Self-efficacy and self-care behaviors relatively influenced glycemic control in patients with T2DM. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Modifying self-care behaviors have been demonstrated to be the most essential for improving glycemic control. To improve self-care behaviors, healthcare providers should target improving self-efficacy, and enhancing health literacy can be considered to be a potential strategy for improving self-efficacy. To enhance health literacy, healthcare providers could use an empowerment approach rather than an authoritative approach that emphasizes patient compliance in managing patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shyi-Jang Shin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ruey-Hsia Wang
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Der Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Li Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hsien Wang
- Research Center for Nonlinear Analysis and Optimization, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Wong LY, Yiu RL, Chiu CK, Lee WK, Lee YL, Kwong PK, Lo WT. Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidity in Chinese Subjects with Knee Osteoarthritis in a Hong Kong Orthopaedic Clinic. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2015; 25:150-158. [PMID: 26764289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the prevalence and associated factors of psychiatric morbidities and to evaluate the effectiveness of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in screening for psychiatric morbidity in patients with knee osteoarthritis in a local orthopaedic clinic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2013 to June 2014 to examine patients with knee osteoarthritis at a specialist orthopaedic clinic. They were evaluated for psychiatric diagnoses using the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between patients with and without psychiatric morbidity. Patients were also assessed using the HADS with accuracy compared with the psychiatric diagnoses made by the SCID-I. RESULTS Of the 115 patients, 39% had current psychiatric disorders. Logistic regression analysis revealed that limitation of physical activity, perceived absence of confidant, a history of psychiatric illness, and follow-up in orthopaedic clinic for ≥ 5 years were independent factors associated with psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in patients with knee osteoarthritis was significant. Recognition of independent associated factors can aid in early identification and intervention in patients who are at risk of developing psychiatric morbidity. The HADS is a useful means to screen for psychiatric morbidity in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Wong
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - R L Yiu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C K Chiu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W K Lee
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P K Kwong
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W Tl Lo
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Hung LP, Leung YF, Ip WY, Lee YL. Is locking plate fixation a better option than casting for distal radius fracture in elderly people? Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21:407-10. [PMID: 26139690 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj144440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the outcomes of locking plate fixation versus casting for displaced distal radius fracture with unstable fracture pattern in active Chinese elderly people. DESIGN Historical cohort study. SETTING Orthopaedic ward and clinic at Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS Between 1 May 2010 and 31 October 2013, 57 Chinese elderly people aged 61 to 80 years were treated either operatively with locking plate fixation (n=26) or conservatively with cast immobilisation (n=31) for unstable displaced distal radius fracture. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes were assessed at 9 to 12 months after treatment. RESULTS The functional outcome (based on the quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score) was significantly better in the locking plate fixation group than in the cast immobilisation group, while clinical and radiological outcomes were comparable with those in other similar studies. CONCLUSIONS Locking plate fixation resulted in better functional outcome for displaced distal radius fracture with unstable fracture pattern in active Chinese elderly people aged 61 to 80 years. Further prospective study with long-term follow-up is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Hung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - Y F Leung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - W Y Ip
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
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Lee YL, Chen BK, Lin KD, Su RW, Lee MY, Hsiao PJ, Shin SJ. The impact of severe hypoglycemia on renal impairment in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2015; 108:448-55. [PMID: 25779866 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2015.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoglycemia has been reported to be associated with the development of microvascular events. Therefore, it is important to assess the impact of severe hypoglycemia on renal dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study in a large tertiary care hospital from 2004 to 2013. A total of 101 patients with type 2 diabetes from the outpatient department with a history of severe hypoglycemia were studied. A random sample of 101 patients with type 2 diabetes without any hypoglycemia was selected by matching values of baseline blood creatinine, age, sex and diabetic duration. RESULTS Baseline blood creatinine (1.42 ± 0.75 mg/dL) significantly increased to 1.77 ± 1.26 and 1.93 ± 1.54 mg/dL, and baseline eGFR (44.37 ± 26.13 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) decreased to 41.28 ± 27.70 and 37.64 ± 24.54 ml/min/1.73 m(2) at the onset of hypoglycemia and the follow-up visit in severe hypoglycemia group; while no significant changes were observed in the group without any hypoglycemia. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that severe hypoglycemia is an independent risk factor for increase in blood creatinine and decrease in eGFR in all patients with type 2 diabetes, and that baseline creatinine, longer diabetic duration and lower HbA1c are risk factors for the deterioration of renal impairment in the group with severe hypoglycemia. CONCLUSION Our results showed that severe hypoglycemia is associated with deterioration of renal function in type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease and the patients with higher baseline creatinine and a longer diabetic duration could be more vulnerable to aggravation of renal function impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Brian K Chen
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Kun-Der Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Wei Su
- Graduate Institute of Healthcare Administration, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yueh Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Jung Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyi-Jang Shin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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25
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Radhika S, Lee YL, Low SF, Fazalina MF, Sharifah Majedah IA, Suraya A, Rajesh S, Jamari S, Tan HJ, Norlinah MI. Role of high resolution ultrasound in ulnar nerve neuropathy. Med J Malaysia 2015; 70:158-161. [PMID: 26248778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study was conducted to measure the cross sectional area (CSA) of the ulnar nerve (UN) in the cubital tunnel and to evaluate the role of high-resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ulnar nerve neuropathy (UNN). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross sectional study with 64 arms from 32 patients (34 neuropathic, 30 nonneuropathic). Diagnosis was confirmed by nerve conduction study and electromyography. The ulnar nerves were evaluated with 15MHz small footprint linear array transducer. The ulnar nerve CSA was measured at three levels with arm extended: at medial epicondyle (ME), 5cm proximal and 5cm distal to ME. Results from the neuropathic and nonneuropathic arms were compared. Independent T-tests and Pearson correlation tests were used. P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Mean CSA values for the UN at levels 5cm proximal to ME, ME and 5cm distal to ME were 0.055, 0.109, 0.045 cm(2) respectively in the neuropathic group and 0.049, 0.075, 0.042 cm2 respectively in the non-neuropathic group. The CSA of the UN at the ME level was significantly larger in the neuropathic group, with p value of 0.005. However, there was no statistical difference between the groups at 5cm proximal and distal to the ME, with p values of 0.10 and 0.35 respectively. CONCLUSION There is significant difference in CSA values of the UN at ME between the neuropathic and non-neuropathic groups with mean CSA value above the predetermined 0.10cm(2) cut-off point. High-resolution ultrasonography is therefore useful to diagnose and follow up cases of elbow UNN.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Radhika
- UKM Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Y L Lee
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S F Low
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M F Fazalina
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - I A Sharifah Majedah
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Suraya
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Rajesh
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Jamari
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H J Tan
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M I Norlinah
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Lee YL. Electrical transport through a quantum dot side-coupled to a topological superconductor. J Phys Condens Matter 2014; 26:455702. [PMID: 25327622 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/45/455702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We propose to measure the differential conductance G as a function of the bias V for a quantum dot side-coupled to a topological superconductor to detect the existence of the chiral Majorana edge states. It turns out that G for the spinless dot is an oscillatory (but not periodic) function of eV due to the coupling to the chiral Majorana edge states, where -e is the charge carried by the electron. The behaviour of G versus eV is distinguished from that of a multi-level dot in three respects. First of all, due to the coupling to the topological superconductor, the value of G will shift upon adding or removing a vortex in the topological superconductor. Next, for an off-resonance dot, the conductance peak in the present case takes a universal value e(2)/(2h) when the two leads are symmetrically coupled to the dot. Finally, for a symmetric setup and an on-resonance dot, the conductance peak will approach the same universal value e(2)/(2h) at a large bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Lee
- Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan, People's Republic of China
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27
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Lu SY, Kao CS, Lee YL, Hou CW. Effect Of Short-term Detrain And Re-training On Body Composition And Heart Rate Variability. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000493957.89156.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Amir A, Lee YL. A case of acute kidney injury by near-drowning. Malays Fam Physician 2013; 8:34-36. [PMID: 25893056 PMCID: PMC4400688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury following immersion or near-drowning is rarely described and no data from Malaysia have been found. We report a case of acute kidney injury following a near-drowning event. A 20-year-old man who recovered from near-drowning in a swimming pool 5 days earlier presented to our clinic with abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea and polyuria. Dipstick urinalysis showed a trace of blood. The serum creatinine level was 10-fold higher than the normal range. A bedside ultrasound showed features suggestive of acute tubular necrosis. He is then referred to the hospital with the diagnosis of acute kidney injury with the possibility of acute tubular necrosis secondary to near-drowning. We suggest that any patient presenting after immersion or near-drowning to be should assessed for potential acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Amir
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya
| | - YL Lee
- Klinik dan surgeri semenyih
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29
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Low SF, Lee YL. Inferior Ophthalmic Vein Varix Complicated by Acute Thrombosis. Hong Kong J Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1312140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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30
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Chen YC, Dong GH, Lin KC, Lee YL. Gender difference of childhood overweight and obesity in predicting the risk of incident asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2013; 14:222-31. [PMID: 23145849 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2012.01055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aims of our meta-analysis were (i) to quantify the predictability of childhood overweight and obesity on the risk of incident asthma; and (ii) to evaluate the gender difference on this relationship. The selection criteria included prospective cohort paediatric studies which use age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) as a measure of childhood overweight and the primary outcome of incident asthma. A total of 1,027 studies were initially identified through online database searches, and finally 6 studies met the inclusion criteria. The combined result of reported relative risk from the 6 included studies revealed that overweight children conferred increased risks of incident asthma as compared with non-overweight children (relative risk, 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.37). The relationship was further elevated for obesity vs. non-obesity (relative risk, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.16-3.50). A dose-responsiveness of elevated BMI on asthma incidence was observed (P for trend, 0.004). Obese boys had a significantly larger effect than obese girls (relative risk, boys: 2.47; 95% CI, 1.57-3.87; girls: 1.25; 95% CI, 0.51-3.03), with significant dose-dependent effect. Proposed mechanisms of gender difference could be through pulmonary mechanics, sleep disordered breathing and leptin. Further research might be needed to better understand the exact mechanism of gender difference on the obesity-asthma relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen ACH, Lee YL, Hou DYC, Fong SW, Peng Q, Pang RTK, Chiu PCN, Ho PC, Lee KF, Yeung WSB. Study of transforming growth factor alpha for the maintenance of human embryonic stem cells. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 350:289-303. [PMID: 22864984 PMCID: PMC3480587 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have great potential for regenerative medicine as they have self-regenerative and pluripotent properties. Feeder cells or their conditioned medium are required for the maintenance of hESC in the undifferentiated state. Feeder cells have been postulated to produce growth factors and extracellular molecules for maintaining hESC in culture. The present study has aimed at identifying these molecules. The gene expression of supportive feeder cells, namely human foreskin fibroblast (hFF-1) and non-supportive human lung fibroblast (WI-38) was analyzed by microarray and 445 genes were found to be differentially expressed. Gene ontology analysis showed that 20.9% and 15.5% of the products of these genes belonged to the extracellular region and regulation of transcription activity, respectively. After validation of selected differentially expressed genes in both human and mouse feeder cells, transforming growth factor α (TGFα) was chosen for functional study. The results demonstrated that knockdown or protein neutralization of TGFα in hFF-1 led to increased expression of early differentiation markers and lower attachment rates of hESC. More importantly, TGFα maintained pluripotent gene expression levels, attachment rates and pluripotency by the in vitro differentiation of H9 under non-supportive conditions. TGFα treatment activated the p44/42 MAPK pathway but not the PI3K/Akt pathway. In addition, TGFα treatment increased the expression of pluripotent markers, NANOG and SSEA-3 but had no effects on the proliferation of hESCs. This study of the functional role of TGFα provides insights for the development of clinical grade hESCs for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy C H Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Jung C, Shin W, Yu BA, Lee YL, Noh YC. Enhanced 355-nm generation using a simple method to compensate for walk-off loss. Opt Express 2012; 20:941-948. [PMID: 22274441 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically and experimentally investigated a novel walk-off-compensation method for efficient ultraviolet beam generation. Through theoretical investigation, we described in detail how the power of a generated UV beam can be enhanced by the method; thus, we obtained a brief expression for the output power which has a prediction error of about 30%. In addition, we found that the beam quality can also be enhanced using this method. Through experiments using an alpha barium borate crystal as a walk-off compensator, we found that the power of the generated ultraviolet beam increased 1.9 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jung
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Buk-gu, Gwangju, South Korea
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Shu CH, Lee PO, Lan MY, Lee YL. Factors affecting the impact of olfactory loss on the quality of life and emotional coping ability. Rhinology 2011; 49:337-41. [PMID: 21858266 DOI: 10.4193/rhino10.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory impaired patients have decreased quality of life and may need to develop a coping ability for the olfactory loss. This study investigated how factors like olfactory function, disease duration, etiology, age, and gender affect patients` quality of life and emotional ability to cope. METHODS Four hundred and thirteen consecutive patients with the chief complaint of olfactory dysfunction were evaluated. The Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) included negative statements (QOD-NS) that indicated the impact on the quality of life, and positive statements (QOD-PS) reflecting the emotional coping ability. Relations between studied factors and QOD-NS or QOD-PS were analyzed. RESULTS Poorer olfaction and younger age correlated with increased QOD-NS scores, whereas longer disease duration and older age correlated with increased QOD-PS scores. Females had poorer coping than males. QOD-PS scores were inversely related to QOD-NS scores. CONCLUSIONS The impact of olfactory loss is more significantly felt by younger patients with poorer olfaction. Older patients or those with longer disease duration develop better emotional coping abilities so as to reduce the impact on quality of life. It may be helpful for the patients with olfactory loss to develop emotional coping as early as possible to decrease the olfactory impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Shu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether environmental exposures may modulate the effect of the skin barrier gene on atopic dermatitis (AD) remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES To determine whether filaggrin (FLG) variants can serve as a predictor for atopic disorders in Chinese individuals and if allergen exposures may modify the effect of FLG variants on AD by total IgE levels. METHODS In total, 116 children aged 2-5years with AD and 212 control subjects were analysed for the FLG variants using DNA sequencing. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to estimate the association among FLG polymorphisms and atopic phenotypes. Serum total IgE level, standing for the degree of allergen exposures, was later stratified to determine the effects of FLG polymorphisms on AD. RESULTS A significant difference in genotype frequency was found among AD cases and controls in FLG P478S polymorphism. FLG P478S GG genotype significantly increased the risk of AD [odds ratio (OR) 4·60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·88-11·24]. In addition, among subjects with AD, GG genotypes also significantly increased the risk of developing asthma (OR 4·68, 95% CI 1·37-16·03). Further, a similar result was obtained for allergic rhinitis (OR 3·23, 95% CI 1·01-10·30). Interestingly, the P478S GG genotype was significantly related to AD (OR 5·67, 95% CI 1·93-16·60) in children with IgE level ≥100 kU L(-1) . However, the association was not evident when IgE level was < 100 kU L(-1) . CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the FLG P478S polymorphism may confer susceptibility to the development of AD among Chinese individuals and may be modified by IgE levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Department of Health, Taipei, Taiwan
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Du P, Lee CH, Choi JH, Yoo KY, Lee YL, Kang IJ, Hwang IK, Kim JD, Won MH. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-immunoreactive cells in the ageing gerbil hippocampus. Anat Histol Embryol 2011; 40:389-96. [PMID: 21545645 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2011.01083.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated age-related changes in pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) immunoreactivity and its protein levels in the gerbil hippocampus at various ages using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. In the post-natal month 1 (PM 1) group, PACAP-immunoreactive cells were found in all hippocampal subregions. The number of PACAP-immunoreactive cells was decreased in the PM 3 group and was still more decreased in the PM 6 and 12 groups. Thereafter, in the PM 18 and 24 groups, PACAP-immunoreactive cells were significantly increased again. However, in the mossy fibre zone, PACAP immunostaining was very strong in the adult group, especially in the PM 6 group. In addition, PACAP protein level was highest at PM 6, showing a slight decrease at PM 24. These results indicate that PACAP-immunoreactive cells are lowest in the adult stage and highest in the aged stage. However, PACAP immunoreactivity in the mossy fibre zone and PACAP protein level in the hippocampus are highest in the adult stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Du
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, and Institute of Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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Lin CC, Ko CY, Liu JP, Lee YL, Chie WC. Nationwide periodic health examinations promote early treatment of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia in adults: experience from Taiwan. Public Health 2011; 125:187-95. [PMID: 21440274 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness of nationwide periodic health examinations in promoting early treatment of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia in adults aged ≥40 years. STUDY DESIGN Seven-year, retrospective, cohort study. METHODS Based on a large and representative claims dataset in Taiwan, cohort analysis was undertaken among three disease-free cohorts for hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia (n = 26,661, 29,872 and 30,712 subjects, respectively) in 2000. Each cohort was observed from January 2001 to December 2007. Logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards analysis and the extended Cox model with counting process were employed in data analysis. Covariates such as age, gender, level of premium, beneficiary category, comorbidities and geographic factors were adjusted at baseline. RESULTS For the hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia cohorts, those who had ever used the preventive service between 1998 and 2000 had higher probabilities of being treated as new patients for these target diseases; the hazard ratios were 1.65, 1.32 and 1.57, respectively. Using the extended Cox model, associations for use of each service with treatment within a 1-year follow-up period between 2001 and 2007 were 1.68, 2.41 and 3.48. CONCLUSIONS In adults who were initially disease-free, those who used the preventive service had higher probabilities of early treatment of these target diseases. These findings indicate the effectiveness of nationwide periodic health examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C Lin
- Department of Community Medicine, Family Medicine Division, Tao-yuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Hwang IK, Yoo DY, Yoo KY, Choi JH, Lee HJ, Lee CH, Moon SM, Lee YL, Shin HC, Won MH. Microtubule associated protein 2 and choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity in the lumbar spinal cord of young adult and aged dogs. Res Vet Sci 2011; 91:e10-5. [PMID: 21435670 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 01/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
German Shepherds are a good model for research about aging and neurological disorders such as lumbosacral spinal canal stenosis. We compared neurons, glia and cholinergic neurons in the ventral horn of the lumbar spinal cord (L(3)) between adult (1-2 years old) and aged (10-12 years old) groups. Any pathological findings were not found by hematoxylin and eosin staining and neurological examination, and the number of NeuN (a marker for neurons)-positive neurons were similar in both groups. Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) immunoreactive dendrites in the aged dog were decreased without any change in β-tubulin protein level. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (a marker for astrocytes) and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (a marker for microglia) immunoreactivity were not significantly changed in both groups. The number of ChAT immunoreactive neurons was decreased; however, its protein level was not significantly changed in the aged group. These results suggest that numbers of ventral horn neurons are not changed, but cholinergic neurons may change in aged dogs compared to adult dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
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Flörchinger B, Timsit MO, Yuan X, Ge X, Lee YL, Schmid C, Tullius S. Early immune activation of donor organs after brain death in a mouse heart transplantation model. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1269053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tong SHY, Chan WL, Lee YL. Silver Nitrate Stain Masquerading as an Avulsion Fracture of the Finger. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791101800110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of silver nitrate stain on the finger that masqueraded as an avulsion fracture on radiograph. Radiopacity in the proximal phalanx was demonstrated on radiograph after topical silver nitrate was applied to achieve haemostasis to a bleeding laceration on that area. The radiopacity was initially diagnosed as an avulsion fracture. The correct diagnosis of radiopacity corresponding to silver nitrate application was confirmed by correlation of physical examination with radiographic finding. The lesion spontaneously resolved with conservative management. The importance of correlating the clinical site of silver nitrate application with radiographic finding for accurate diagnosis and avoidance of unnecessary surgical intervention is emphasized.
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Abstract
Incense burning is a popular practice in many family homes and temples. However, little is known about the effects of indoor incense burning and genetic polymorphisms on asthma. This study evaluated the effects of indoor incense burning and glutathione S-transferase (GST) genetic polymorphisms on asthma and wheeze. In 2007, 3,764 seventh-grade schoolchildren (mean±sd age 12.42±0.65 yrs) were evaluated using a standard questionnaire for information about respiratory symptoms and environmental exposures. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to assess the association between GST polymorphisms and incense burning frequency on asthma and wheeze, after adjusting for potential confounders. The frequency of incense burning at home was associated with increased risk of current asthma (p=0.05), medication use (p=0.03) and exercise wheeze (p=0.001). GST1 (GSTT1) null genotypes were associated with current asthma (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.00-2.04) and medication use (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.01-2.22). GSTT1 showed a significant interactive effect with incense burning on current asthma, current wheeze and nocturnal wheeze. The frequency of incense burning was associated with increased risk of current asthma, medication use, lifetime wheeze, nocturnal wheeze and exercise wheeze in an exposure-response manner among children with GSTT1 null genotype (p<0.05). Incense burning is a risk factor for asthma and wheezing, especially in GSTT1 genetically susceptible children.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-J Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Department of Health, School of Medicine, FuJen Catholic University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Liao CW, Lee YL, Sukati H, D'lamini P, Huang YC, Chiu CJ, Liu YH, Chou CM, Chiu WT, Du WY, Hung CC, Chan HC, Chu B, Cheng HC, Su J, Tu CC, Cheng CY, Fan CK. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among children in Swaziland, southern Africa. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2010; 103:731-6. [PMID: 20030998 DOI: 10.1179/000349809x12554106963474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C W Liao
- Department of Parasitology, Taipei Medical University College of Medicine, Taiwan
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Lee YL, Shin W, Yu BA, Jung C, Noh YC, Ko DK. Mode tailoring in a ridge-type periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide. Opt Express 2010; 18:7678-7684. [PMID: 20588608 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.007678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple and powerful method for mode generation and transformation in a ridge-type periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide by the use of second-order nonlinear effect and local-temperature-control technique. We show that a Hermite-Gaussian (HG) mode wave (among HG(00) to HG(22)) can be selectively generated via the quasi-phase-matching (QPM) nonlinear process in a PPLN waveguide by tuning the wavelength of fundamental wave or the temperature of the waveguide. As well, it is demonstrated that HG mode can be transformed into Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) one via combination of HG modes which are simultaneously generated in a single PPLN waveguide with local-temperature-control technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Lee
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
We described the principle and the fabrication of a Nd:YVO(4)/KTP microchip for the linearly-polarized green laser and verified its availability by manufacturing and characterizing the green laser using the microchip. Under the driving condition having the modulation frequency of 60 Hz and the duty ratio of 25%, the laser showed the stable linear polarization, the maximum average power of 37 mW, yielding the high electrical-to-optical efficiency of 10.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jung
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
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Lee YL, Eom TJ, Shin W, Yu BA, Ko DK, Kim WK, Lee HY. Characteristics of a multi-mode interference device based on Ti:LiNbO3 channel waveguide. Opt Express 2009; 17:10718-10724. [PMID: 19550468 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.010718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have analyzed the multi-mode interference effect depending on the wavelength and the polarization states of input beam in a multi-mode Ti:LiNbO(3) waveguide at about 1300 nm region. The transmitted optical signal of a Ti:LiNbO(3) waveguide shows the periodic oscillation as a function of input wavelength. The measured average periodicity of the oscillation in TM and TE polarization beams were about 18 nm and 48 nm, respectively. Actually, the periodicity is determined by the refractive index difference between the two modes (fundamental and first modes). Therefore, we have explained the experimental results with the theoretical calculations which are derived from a quasi-analytical technique based on the effective-refractive- index method and the equation of coupling length determined by the mode phase factor in the multi-mode waveguide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Lee
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Lee YL, Yu NE, Kee CS, Ko DK, Lee J, Yu BA, Shin W, Eom TJ, Noh YC. Wavelength filtering characteristics of Solc filter based on Ti:PPLN channel waveguide. Opt Lett 2007; 32:2813-5. [PMID: 17909582 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.002813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We have analyzed the Solc filtering characteristics in a periodically poled Ti:LiNbO3 (Ti:PPLN) multimode waveguide. The single- and dual-wavelength filtering were achieved under the optimized guiding condition for the TEM(00)-like mode and two mode (TEM(00)- and TEM(01)-like mode), respectively. The full width at half-maximum of the filter was about 0.21 nm at both guiding conditions. We found that the origin of two peaks of the dual-wavelength Solc filter in the two-mode guiding condition is the different effective refractive index between the TEM(00)- and TEM(01)-like modes. The wavelength difference of two peaks is about 0.8 nm at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Lee
- Nonlinear Optics Lab, Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Korea.
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Choi WS, Jang JH, Yu BA, Lee YL, Zhao W, Bae JW, Adesida I. Low loss high mesa optical waveguides based on InGaAsP/InP heterostructures. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2006; 6:3562-6. [PMID: 17252812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Low loss high mesa optical waveguides were fabricated on InGaAsP/InP heterostructures by utilizing inductively-coupled-plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) and electron beam lithography technique. The fabrication process was optimized by measuring sidewall roughness of deep-etched waveguides. Atomic force microscope loaded with carbon nanotude was used to obtain three-dimensional image of the etched sidewall of waveguides. The obtained statistical information such as rms roughness and correlation length was used to theoretically calculate scattering loss of waveguides. Several waveguides with different number of sharp bends and the length were fabricated and their propagation losses were measured by modified Fabry-Perot method. The measured propagation losses were compared with theoretically calculated losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Choi
- Department of Information and Communications, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryongdong Bukgu Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
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Xu FL, Lee YL, Tsai WY, Lin SJ, Yang ZQ, Yang CC, Liu HY, Cheng L, Xiao H, Wen L. Effect of cordycepin on Hantaan virus 76-118 infection of primary human embryonic pulmonary fibroblasts--characterization of apoptotic effects. Acta Virol 2005; 49:183-93. [PMID: 16178516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The cDNA microarray technique was used to study gene epression in human embryonic pulmonary fibroblasts (HEPF) infected with Hantaan virus (HTNV) under the influence of cordycepin (Cor), an inhibitor of post-transcriptional pre-mRNA polyadenylation. Four apoptotic genes, the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1, NFkB inhibitor alpha, caspase-3 and NFkB1 were up-regulated in both infected and uninfected Cor-treated cells and two cell cycle-associated genes, CDC-like kinase and beta-induced transforming growth factor were up-regulated in Cor-untreated cells but down-regulated in Cor-treated cells. Cell morphology examination, quantitative RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence (IF) test suggested that following the Cor treatment the HTNV infection took place, but late viral gene expression was slightly reduced. Three parameters, namely caspase-3 activity, annexin V binding, and cell cycle were used to detect apoptosis. The results suggested that the induction of apoptosis in HEPF by HTNV started at 6 hrs post infection (p.i.). Following the Cor treatment, however, the caspase-3 activity began to increase at 24 hrs p.i. Thus it is suggested that inhibition of de novo late viral protein synthesis by Cor changes the apoptosis pathway and cell cycle by delaying caspase-3 gene expression and by up/down-regulating of expression of other apoptotic and cell cycle-associated genes. This implicates that HTNV can induce apoptosis in HEPF even without de novo viral protein synthesis and with a reduced and slowed viral maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Virology, Medical College, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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Huang CR, Lin SS, Chou MY, Ho CC, Wang L, Lee YL, Chen CS, Yang CC. Demonstration of different modes of cell death upon herpes simplex virus 1 infection in different types of oral cells. Acta Virol 2005; 49:7-15. [PMID: 15929393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection on five different types of oral cancerous cells (neck metastasis of gingival carcinoma (GNM) cells and tongue squamous cells of carcinoma (TSCCa) and non-cancerous cells (buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BF), gingival fibroblasts (GF), oral submucosal fibrosis cells (OSF)) and one type of non-oral cancerous cells (KB cells) were investigated. In HSV-1-infected cells the cell viability, CPE, viral antigens accumulation, caspase-3 activity, annexin V binding and DNA fragmentation were estimated. Three different forms or pathways of cell death were considered: apoptosis (the presence or rise of caspase-3 activity, DNA fragmentation and annexin V binding), slow cell death (the presence or rise of DNA fragmentation, the absence or decline of caspase-3 activity and annexin V binding), and necrosis (the absence of decline of caspase-3 activity, DNA fragmentation and annexin V binding). The viability of all cell types, except for KB cells, was reduced by the infection. CPE and viral antigens data demonstrated that all six types of cells could be infected with HSV-1. Upon HSV-1 infection there occurred (i) a classical apoptosis in GF cells, (ii) apoptosis in the early phase of infection and necrosis in the late phase of infection in GNM and TSCCa cells, (iii) slow cell death followed by necrosis in BF and OSF cells (however, these cells showed a different type of CPE), (iv) a classical slow cell death in KB cells. It is hypothesized that HSV-1 infection has a potential to induce several distinct pathways leading to cell death or several forms of cell death. Moreover, more than one pathway may be involved in the death of particular cell type. As HSV-1 was demonstrated to infect different oral and non-oral cells and cause different pathways or forms of cell death, the safety of using HSV-1 as a vector for gene therapy should be re-considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Huang
- Institute of Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Xu JS, Lee YL, Lee KF, Kwok KL, Lee WM, Luk JM, Yeung WSB. Embryotrophic factor-3 from human oviductal cells enhances proliferation, suppresses apoptosis and stimulates the expression of the β1 subunit of sodium–potassium ATPase in mouse embryos. Hum Reprod 2004; 19:2919-26. [PMID: 15459171 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deh497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embrytrophic factor-3 (ETF-3) from human oviductal cells enhanced the development of mouse preimplantation embryos. This report studied the embryotrophic mechanisms of the molecule. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse embryos were incubated with ETF-3 for 24 h at different stages of development. ETF-3 treatment between 96 and 120 h post-HCG increased the cell count of blastocysts, whilst treatment between 72 and 96 h post-HCG enhanced the expansion and hatching of the blastocysts. ETF-3 increased the cell number of the embryos by suppressing apoptosis and increasing proliferation as determined by TUNEL and bromodeoxyuridine uptake assays, respectively. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that the in vivo developed and ETF-3-treated blastocysts had a significantly higher mRNA copy number of Na/K-ATPase-beta1, but not of hepsin, than that of blastocysts cultured in medium alone. The former gene was associated with cavitation of blastocysts while the latter was related to hatching of blastocyst. The beneficial effect of ETF-3 on blastocyst hatching was also seen when ETF-3-supplemented commercially available sequential culture medium for human embryo culture was used to culture mouse embryos. CONCLUSIONS ETF-3 improves embryo development by enhancing proliferation, suppressing apoptosis and stimulating expression of genes related to blastocyst cavitation. Supplementating human embryo culture medium with ETF-3 may improve the success rate in clinical assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Flores JP, Lee YL, Langford GM. Isolation of the Myosin-V/Kinesin Heteromotor Complex by Sucrose Gradient Fractionation. Biol Bull 2004; 207:163. [PMID: 27690589 DOI: 10.1086/bblv207n2p163a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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