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Hsu YS, Yong SB. Correspondence to "early infancy dysbiosis in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: A prospective cohort study". Allergy 2024; 79:540-541. [PMID: 37715467 DOI: 10.1111/all.15893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Sheng Hsu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Boon Yong
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Liu YH, Hu CM, Hsu YS, Lee WH. Interplays of glucose metabolism and KRAS mutation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:817. [PMID: 36151074 PMCID: PMC9508091 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive and deadliest cancer worldwide. The primary reasons for this are the lack of early detection methods and targeted therapy. Emerging evidence highlights the metabolic addiction of cancer cells as a potential target to combat PDAC. Oncogenic mutations of KRAS are the most common triggers that drive glucose uptake and utilization via metabolic reprogramming to support PDAC growth. Conversely, high glucose levels in the pancreatic microenvironment trigger genome instability and de novo mutations, including KRASG12D, in pancreatic cells through metabolic reprogramming. Here, we review convergent and diverse metabolic networks related to oncogenic KRAS mutations between PDAC initiation and progression, emphasizing the interplay among oncogenic mutations, glucose metabolic reprogramming, and the tumor microenvironment. Recognizing cancer-related glucose metabolism will provide a better strategy to prevent and treat the high risk PDAC population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Huei Liu
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ,grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ,grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Department of Medical Genetics and Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Mei Hu
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ,grid.28665.3f0000 0001 2287 1366Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Sheng Hsu
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ,grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ,grid.28665.3f0000 0001 2287 1366Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hwa Lee
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ,grid.28665.3f0000 0001 2287 1366Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
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Hsu YS, Wu PJ, Jeng YM, Hu CM, Lee WH. Differential effects of glucose and N-acetylglucosamine on genome instability. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1556-1576. [PMID: 35530290 PMCID: PMC9077085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant sugar metabolism is linked to an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Previously, we found that high glucose induces genome instability and de novo oncogenic KRAS mutation preferentially in pancreatic cells through dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation. Increasing O-GlcNAcylation by extrinsically supplying N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) causes genome instability in all kinds of cell types regardless of pancreatic origin. Since many people consume excessive amount of sugar (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) in daily life, whether high sugar consumption directly causes genome instability in animals remains to be elucidated. In this communication, we show that excess sugar in the daily drink increases DNA damage and protein O-GlcNAcylation preferentially in pancreatic tissue but not in other kinds of tissue of mice. The effect of high sugar on the pancreatic tissue may be attributed to the intrinsic ratio of GFAT and PFK activity, a limiting factor that dictates UDP-GlcNAc levels. On the other hand, GlcNAc universally induces DNA damage in all six organs examined. Either inhibiting O-GlcNAcylation or supplementing dNTP pool diminishes the induced DNA damage in these organs, indicating that the mechanism of action is similar to that of high glucose treatment in pancreatic cells. Taken together, these results suggest the potential hazards of high sugar drinks and high glucosamine intake to genomic instability and possibly cancer initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Sheng Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical UniversityTaichung 40402, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia SinicaTaipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia SinicaTaipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ming Jeng
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10041, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Mei Hu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical UniversityTaichung 40402, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia SinicaTaipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hwa Lee
- Genomics Research Center, Academia SinicaTaipei 11529, Taiwan
- Drug Development Center, China Medical UniversityTaichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of CaliforniaIrvine, California 92697, USA
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Dieleman JP, Salahuddin S, Hsu YS, Burger DM, Gyssens IC, Sturkenboom MC, Stricker BH, Kok DJ. Indinavir crystallization around the loop of Henle: experimental evidence. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2001; 28:9-13. [PMID: 11579271 DOI: 10.1097/00042560-200109010-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the probable site of the nephron and the plasma indinavir (IDV) concentration at which intrarenal IDV crystallization occurs. DESIGN We performed in vitro crystallization experiments in IDV solutions simulating conditions found in the nephron. METHODS To determine intrarenal IDV concentrations at which conditions in the nephron allow crystallization, several concentrations of IDV basic solutions (0-800 mM) were titrated from pH 4.0 to higher pH values until crystals formed within 1 minute. Based on the combination of pH and ionic strength at which crystals formed, we determined the site of the nephron at which this combination was first attained. Based on the capacity for concentration at that site, we were able to measure the corresponding plasma IDV concentration. RESULTS Under conditions normally found at the proximal tubule (i.e., pH 6.7 and ionic strength of 200 mM), IDV crystallized at 200 mg/L. Under conditions applying to the loop of Henle, pH 7.4 and ionic strength of 200 mM, IDV crystallized at 125 mg/L, which would correspond to a plasma IDV concentration of 8 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS IDV crystallization is most likely in the loop of Henle and may already start at plasma IDV concentrations as low as 8 mg/L. Increasing hydration does not reduce the risk of IDV crystallization in the loop of Henle but instead prevents IDV crystallization and aggregation in the lower urinary tract. It remains to be confirmed whether prevention of high IDV plasma concentrations will reduce the risk of IDV crystallization in the loop of Henle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Dieleman
- Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus University Medical Center (EMCR), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- S Salahuddin
- Department of Urology, EMCR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Hao SP, Chang CN, Hsu YS, Chuang HL. Craniofacial resection for tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. J Formos Med Assoc 2000; 99:914-9. [PMID: 11155744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Craniofacial resection provides multidirectional approaches to remove nasal and paranasal tumors that involve the skull base. The purpose of this study was to determine the survival and local control rate in patients undergoing craniofacial resection for tumors of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and adjacent areas. METHODS The medical records of 30 consecutive patients who had undergone craniofacial resection for tumors of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and adjacent areas were reviewed. The extent of disease, treatment results, complications, and prognoses were analyzed. RESULTS Lesions were malignant in 28 patients and benign in two. Sixteen of the patients had dural or intradural involvement. There was no surgical mortality, and the rate of surgical morbidity was 7%. The 2-year survival of the 28 patients with malignancies was 46% and the mean follow-up time was 35 months. Local control was achieved in 53% of patients. Nine of 16 patients with dural or intradural invasion had a mean survival time of 17 months. There was no significant difference in the frequency of local control between previously treated and untreated patients. Patients who had a clear margin showed significantly better local control than those with an involved or questionable margin. CONCLUSIONS Tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus that involve the skull base can be effectively treated using craniofacial resection, with a reasonable survival and low complication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Hsu YS, Lien GS, Lai HH, Cheng YS, Hu CH, Hsieh MC, Fang CL, Pan S. Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome) with adenocarcinoma of the colon: report of a case and review of the literature. J Gastroenterol 2000; 35:460-4. [PMID: 10864355 DOI: 10.1007/s005350070092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica is a rare disease and is uncommon even in patients with upper aerodigestive tract cancer. We report a 63-year-old man with a 1-month history of numerous pruritic lesions and vesicles on both feet. Although he had received local therapy, progressive dense scale formation involving both palms and both soles was found. Colonoscopy was performed because of hematochezia, and it revealed an early colon cancer. After the resection of the cancer, the skin lesions began to fall off dramatically. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report of acrokeratosis paraneoplastica associated with colon cancer in the literature. This is the first case report of acrokeratosis paraneoplastica associated with early colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wan-Fang Hospital, Taiwan
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Wang SJ, Wang SY, Chen SC, Hsu YS, Yip MC. Reanalysis of stone manipulation prior to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for management of upper ureteral calculi. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 2000; 63:552-7. [PMID: 10934808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In situ extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for upper ureteral stones is controversial, in contrast to ESWL treatment of the majority of other renal calculi. Some urologists recommend retrograde mobilization of the calculi into the renal pelvis prior to ESWL as a routine procedure, while others report little advantage in manipulating a ureteral stone into the kidney before treatment by ESWL. To better understand this controversial issue, we reanalyzed clinical studies and the mechanism of stone disintegration in ESWL. METHODS We performed a computerized MEDLINE search and manual bibliographic review of relevant peer reviewed reports from 1980 to 1998. Ten reports were analyzed with respect to stone-free rate and the important findings are summarized. RESULTS Two of 10 data sets are statistically significant (p < 0.05) to verify a higher stone-free rate and another five reports also revealed that higher stone-free rates could be expected with retrograde stone manipulation into the renal collecting system before treatment by ESWL. CONCLUSIONS Higher stone-free rates with retrograde stone manipulation into the renal collecting system before treatment by ESWL is statistically significant and theoretically supported by the mechanism of stone disintegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Wang
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
The protein-tyrosine phosphatase Shp-2 is a positive modulator of the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and a putative substrate of the transforming non-receptor tyrosine kinase v-Src. To characterize the role of Shp-2 in cellular transformation and signaling by v-Src, we expressed v-Src in normal and Shp-2-deficient mouse embryo fibroblasts. Expression of Shp-2 was found to be necessary for morphological transformation by v-Src: Shp-2+/+ cells became rounded or spindly upon v-Src expression, whereas Shp-2-deficient cells remained relatively flat. v-Src-induced reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of podosomes were compromised in Shp-2-deficient cells. Shp-2 deficiency also reduced v-Src-induced activation of the anti-apoptotic protein kinase Akt. The reduced activation of Akt in Shp-2-deficient cells correlated with a reduction in the association of the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3-kinase with the adapter protein Cbl. Activation of PI3-kinase by v-Src may be mediated by the association of the adapter protein Cbl with the p85 subunit. Since activation of Akt is dependent on PI3-kinase, this suggests that the effect of Shp-2 on Akt activation may be mediated, at least in part, by its effects on the interaction between PI3-kinase and Cbl. The defect in activation of the Akt survival pathway also correlated with enhanced sensitivity of Shp-2-deficient cells to an apoptosis-inducing agent. These results implicate Shp-2 in v-Src-induced cytoskeletal reorganization and activation of the Akt cell survival pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hakak
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-3204, USA
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Hsu YS, Hwu WL, Huang SF, Lu MY, Chen RL, Lin DT, Peng SS, Lin KH. Niemann-Pick disease type C (a cellular cholesterol lipidosis) treated by bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999; 24:103-7. [PMID: 10435744 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1701826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has been used for a wide variety of lysosomal storage diseases with encouraging results. We report a 3-year 5-month-old girl with Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPC) who received an allogeneic BMT. The patient presented with repeated lower respiratory tract infections, hepatosplenomegaly, failure to thrive, and developmental delay. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed diffuse interstitial lung infiltration. Bone marrow and liver biopsies revealed abundant lipid-filled foamy macrophages. Skin fibroblast sphingomyelinase assay revealed partial deficiency. The ability of her skin fibroblasts to esterify cholesterol was very low, and the cells stained brightly for free cholesterol. She received BMT from a healthy HLA-identical male sibling donor at the age of 2 year 6 months. Full engraftment was evidenced by repeated bone marrow sex chromosome studies. Regression of the hepatosplenomegaly, markedly reduced foamy macrophage infiltration in bone marrow, and decreased interstitial lung infiltration was noted 6 months after BMT. Her neurological status, however, deteriorated. Follow-up magnetic resonance image (MRI) revealed progressive, diffuse brain atrophy. We conclude that resolution occurred in the liver, spleen, bone marrow and lung following successful engraftment. Such a response is remarkable since the underlying problem involves a membrane receptor for cholesterol. This positive response might be due to replacement of the monocyte-phagocytic system or it may imply the existence of cross-correction in the NPC membrane receptor defect by BMT approach. Since BMT did not halt the neurological deterioration, it is unlikely to be an adequate treatment for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Hsu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, ROC
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Kosuga K, Tamai H, Ueda K, Hsu YS, Kawashima A, Tanaka S, Matsui S, Hata T, Minami M, Nakamura T, Toma M, Motohara S, Uehata H. Initial and long-term results of angioplasty in unprotected left main coronary artery. Am J Cardiol 1999; 83:32-7. [PMID: 10073781 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(98)00778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Angioplasty of the unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) has been controversial. Although recent single-center studies suggest that new devices may change the situation, many questions and problems remain. Therefore, the results of unprotected left main coronary angioplasty of 175 procedures in 107 patients were analyzed to evaluate its feasibility and effectiveness. The treatment of the initial 107 cases included balloon angioplasty (39 cases, 36%), directional coronary atherectomy (53 cases, 50%), and stents (15 cases, 14%). They were divided into 3 major subgroups: (1) acute group (n = 14), in which LMCA angioplasty was performed in patients with acute myocardial infarction; (2) emergency group (n = 10); and (3) elective group (n = 83). In-hospital mortality was higher in the acute (35.7%) and emergency (40.0%) groups than in the elective group (3.6%; p <0.0001). Angiographic follow-up was routinely performed and the restenosis rate including in-hospital restenosis was 70% in the acute group, 37.5% in the emergency group, and 40% in the elective group (p = NS). The mean clinical follow-up period was 2.9 years, and the estimated 5-year survival rates of the acute and emergency groups were 50% and 48.2%, respectively. However the 5-year survival rate of the elective group was higher than that seen in the acute or emergency group (77.5%; p <0.05). Repeat LMCA angioplasty was performed in 37 of 68 patients with 8.8% mortality (38.5% of acute and emergency cases and 1.8% of elective cases). The results indicated that elective unprotected LMCA angioplasty is relatively feasible and effective under scheduled angiographic follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kosuga
- Department of Cardiology, Shiga Medical Center for Adults, Moriyama, Japan
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Kosuga K, Tamai H, Ueda K, Hsu YS, Ono S, Tanaka S, Doi T, Myou-U W, Motohara S, Uehata H. Effectiveness of tranilast on restenosis after directional coronary atherectomy. Am Heart J 1997; 134:712-8. [PMID: 9351739 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8703(97)70055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tranilast is an antiallergic drug used widely in Japan that also inhibits the migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. This pilot study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of tranilast on restenosis after successful directional coronary atherectomy. After the procedure, 40 patients (56 lesions, tranilast group) were treated with oral tranilast for 3 months, and 152 patients (188 lesions, control group) did not receive tranilast. Angiographic and clinical variables were compared between the two groups. The minimal lumen diameter was significantly larger in the tranilast group than in the control group at both 3-month (2.08 vs 1.75 mm, p = 0.004) and 6-month follow-up (2.04 vs 1.70 mm, p = 0.003). The diameter stenosis in the tranilast group was smaller than that in the control group both 3 months (28% vs 40%, p = 0.0007) and 6 months (30% vs 43%, p = 0.0001) after the procedure, with a lower restenosis rate (percent diameter stenosis > or =50) in the tranilast group at 3 months (11 % vs 26%, p = 0.03). The number of clinical events over the 12-month period after the procedure was significantly reduced by tranilast administration (p = 0.013). These findings suggest that the oral administration of tranilast strongly prevents restenosis after directional coronary atherectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kosuga
- Department of Cardiology, Shiga Medical Center for Adult Diseases, Japan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare changes in pulmonary function after retroperitoneoscopic and open surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS From June 1994 to October 1995. 11 patients (five men and six women, mean age 44.7 years, range 29-69) underwent retroperitoneoscopic procedures (Group 1) and 11 patients (eight men and three women, mean age 57.5 years, range 22-73) underwent flank-incision procedures (Group 2). The surgery comprised eight adrenalectomies and one each of nephroureterectomy, nephrectomy and pyelolithotomy in Group 1, and five adrenalectomies, four nephroureterectomies, one ureterolithotomy and one excision of a retroperitoneal tumour in Group 2. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed before and 3 days after surgery; the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced expiratory volume at 25% (FEV25%), FEV1/FVC, vital capacity (VC), total lung capacity (TLC), residual lung volume (RV) and functional residual capacity (FRC) were compared between the groups. The post-operative changes in the PFTs were assessed using a paired t-test and the degree of change in both groups compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Other factors possibly influencing PFT were analysed using multiple regression. RESULTS Pulmonary function was impaired in both groups on the third day after surgery. In Group 2, the FVC, FEV1, FEV25%, VC and TLC had declined significantly (all P < 0.05) from the pre-operative value. In Group 1, only the FVC and VC decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Post-operative pulmonary complications occurred in two patients in Group 2 but in none of those in Group 1, showing that pulmonary function was generally less affected in Group 1 than in Group 2. CONCLUSION Although pulmonary function was impaired 3 days after surgery in both groups, retroperitoneoscopic surgery, by eliminating a large flank incision, caused less post-operative pulmonary dysfunction than open surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chung
- Department of Surgery, National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chen SS, Hsu YS, Chen KK, Chang LS. Urinary bladder endometriosis: a report of two cases. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1996; 58:66-9. [PMID: 8870332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis of the urinary tract is uncommon, and the most common site of involvement is urinary bladder. Two cases of endometriosis of urinary bladder are presented. The first patient, a 39-year-old woman, complained of dysuria during menstruation and the other 37-year-old woman suffered from intermittent gross hematuria. Pre-operative examinations included ultrasonography, computed tomography and cystoscopic biopsy. Case 1 was in premenopausal status, but the serum estrogen level of case 2 was in postmenopausal status because she was given no exogenous estrogen after previous bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Endometriosis of urinary bladder rarely occurs in postmenopausal woman without exogenous estrogen replacement. Case 1 received danazole treatment after transurethral resection of bladder tumor and case 2 received partial cystectomy after transurethral resection of bladder tumor. The patients were followed 36 and 4 months, respectively, and the symptoms kept improving during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Chen
- Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Li CK, Chan KM, Hsu YS, Chien P, Wong WN. A quantifiable approach in the comparison of isokinetic assessment data--new correlation equations for the Johnson antishear device and standard shin pad in the isokinetic assessment of the knee. Br J Sports Med 1995; 29:171-3. [PMID: 8800850 PMCID: PMC1332308 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.29.3.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The rehabilitation of the knee with a deficient anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) always presents a great challenge. Isokinetic assessment allows muscle performance to be quantified. The antishear device, introduced by Johnson, has the distinct advantage of minimizing the anterior translation force during isokinetic exercise. In a previous report, there was a significant difference between the Johnson double pad antishear device and the standard single pad device in knee extension. The main purpose of this study was to define a correlation equation such that data generated in the use of the two different devices can be compared for assessment. Ten subjects were tested with the Cybex isokinetic dynamometer with a randomly selected sequence of test speeds. Correlation coefficient (r), regression analysis and paired t tests (P) were performed to estimate the correlation and difference between the two devices. It is concluded that a significant difference in the data generated between the two devices indicated that a single device should be selected to carry out a series of comparisons on a particular subject. However, if the two devices are used in a series of testings, a set of correlation equations has been defined to facilitate such comparison. The findings in this study will widen the application of comparison of isokinetic data in the quantitative approach of rehabilitation of the knee with a deficient anterior cruciate ligament.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT
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16
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Hsu YS, Tang FM, Liu WL, Chuang JY, Lai MY, Lin YS. Transcriptional regulation by p53. Functional interactions among multiple regulatory domains. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:6966-74. [PMID: 7896847 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.12.6966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 protein possesses activities typical of eukaryotic transcriptional activators; p53 binds to specific DNA sequences and stimulates transcription of the target genes. By a series of deletion and domain-swapping studies, we report here that (i) p53 has two auxiliary domains, which have little effect on the DNA binding activity of its core domain but are capable of modulating its transactivation activity in a target site-dependent manner; (ii) p53 contains two cell-specific transcriptional inhibitory domains, I1 and I2, which are active in Saos-2 and HeLa cells but not in HepG2 and Hep3B cells; and (iii) I1 inhibits the activity of several structurally different activating regions. These results demonstrate that the apparent transcriptional activity of p53 is determined by collaborations among its regulatory domains, its target sites, and the cellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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17
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Su IJ, Hsu YS, Chang YC, Wang IW. Herpesvirus-like DNA sequence in Kaposi's sarcoma from AIDS and non-AIDS patients in Taiwan. Lancet 1995; 345:722-3. [PMID: 7885137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Abstract
The authors evaluated the radiographs of 40 patients (72 feet) under 21 years of age who underwent surgery for symptomatic hallux abducto valgus deformity at Northlake Regional Medical Center. Forty-eight of 72 feet had metatarsus adductus angles greater than 15 degrees. A statistically significant correlation was found between an increasing metatarsus adductus angle and an increasing hallux abductus angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Banks
- Northlake Regional Medical Center, and Faculty, Podiatry Institute, Tucker, GA
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Chau LY, Lin TA, Chang WT, Chen CH, Shue MJ, Hsu YS, Hu CY, Tsai WH, Sun GY. Endothelin-mediated calcium response and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate release in neuroblastoma-glioma hybrid cells (NG108-15): cross talk with ATP and bradykinin. J Neurochem 1993; 60:454-60. [PMID: 8380432 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03172.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Addition of endothelins (ETs) to neuroblastoma-glioma hybrid cells (NG108-15) induced increases in cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) levels of labeled inositol monophosphates and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3]. The increases in [Ca2+]i elicited by the three ETs (ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3) were transient and did not show a sustained phase. Chelating extracellular Ca2+ in the medium by adding excess EGTA decreased the ET-mediated Ca2+ response by 40-50%. This result indicates that a substantial portion of the increase in [Ca2+]i was due to influx from an extracellular source. However, the increase in [Ca2+]i was not affected by verapamil or nifedipine (10(-5) M). A rank order potency of ET-1 > ET-2 > ET-3 is shown for the stimulated increase in [Ca2+]i, as well as labeled inositol phosphates, in these cells. ATP (10(-4) M) and bradykinin (10(-7) M) also induced the increases in [Ca2+]i and Ins(1,4,5)P3 in NG108-15 cells, albeit to a different extent. When compared at 10(-7) M, bradykinin elicited a five- to sixfold higher increase in the level of Ins(1,4,5)P3, but less than a twofold higher increase in [Ca2+]i than those induced by ET-1. Additive increases in both Ins(1,4,5)P3 and [Ca2+]i were observed when ET-1, ATP, and bradykinin were added to the cells in different combinations, suggesting that each receptor agonist is responsible for the hydrolysis of a pool of polyphosphoinositide within the membrane. ET-1 exhibited homologous desensitization of the Ca2+ response, but partial heterologous desensitization to the Ca2+ response elicited by ATP. On the contrary, ET-1 did not desensitize the response elicited by bradykinin, although bradykinin exhibited complete heterologous desensitization to the response elicited by ET-1. Taken together, these results illustrate that, in NG108-15 cells, a considerable amount of receptor cross talk occurs between ET and other receptors that transmit signals through the polyphosphoinositide pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Chau
- Division of Cardiovascular Research, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Ueda K, Tamai H, Hsu YS, Yamagata T, Odawara K, Oyake N, Moriwaki H, Mizuno N, Motohara S, Uehata H. [Efficacy of direct PTCA for acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock]. Jpn Circ J 1993; 56 Suppl 5:1414-6. [PMID: 1291732 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.56.supplementv_1414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Ueda
- Department of Cardiology, Shiga Medical Center for Adult Diseases, Japan
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Chau LY, Hu CY, Chang WT, Hsu YS. Possible existence of two subsets of platelet-activating factor receptor to mediate polyphosphoinositide breakdown and calcium influx in neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid NG 108-15 cells. J Neurochem 1992; 59:1090-8. [PMID: 1322966 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08351.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) initiated polyphosphoinositide (polyPI) breakdown and a rise of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid NG 108-15 cells. The accumulation of [3H]inositol trisphosphate and [3H]inositol bisphosphate was evident within 15 s after PAF stimulation, peaked at 1 min, and then gradually decayed. The increase in [3H]inositol monophosphate level was observed at 30 s, plateaued in 5 min, and was sustained up to 10 min in the presence of 10 mM LiCl. On the other hand, the rise of [Ca2+]i evoked by PAF reached a peak within 8-12 s and returned to basal levels within 1 min as measured in fura 2-loaded cells. When cells were suspended in Ca(2+)-depleted medium, the PAF-induced [Ca2+]i rise was reduced by 80%, indicating that the increase of [Ca2+]i was predominantly due to the Ca2+ influx from an extracellular source. Both PAF-induced accumulation of 3H-labeled inositol phosphates and [Ca2+]i elevation were concentration dependent with EC50 values of approximately 1 x 10(-10) and 5 x 10(-8) M, respectively. The PAF analogs 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycerol-3-phosphocholine were much poorer agonists at eliciting the same responses in these cells. Pretreatment of cells with pertussis toxin caused a substantial inhibition of PAF-induced accumulation of 3H-inositol phosphates. In contrast, the rise in [Ca2+]i was not significantly affected by toxin treatment at the same concentration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Chau
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
Leukotriene C4 (LTC4), one of the major constituents of the slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis, induced a dose-dependent hydrolysis of phosphoinositides in [3H]inositol-prelabeled rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-1) cells. The EC50 for LTC4 to elicit the half maximum accumulation of [3H]inositol phosphates (IPs) was around 20 nM. The increase in the formation of [3H]inositol bisphosphate (IP2) and [3H]inositol trisphosphate (IP3) was detectable at 2 min after the stimulation and progressed up to 30 min. Accumulation of [3H]inositol monophosphate (IP1) was observed only during the late phase of 5-30 min in the presence of LiCl. When cells were stimulated with LTC4 and LTD4 together, there was no additive accumulation in [3H]IPs. Pretreatment of cells with either LTC4 or LTD4 resulted in a decrease in production of [3H]IPs on further stimulation with the same agonist. The desensitization appeared to be heterologous since pretreatment of cells with LTC4 attenuated the responsiveness to LTD4. Conversely, pretreatment with LTD4 also diminished the responsiveness to LTC4 markedly. These results suggest that both LTC4- and LTD4-induced hydrolysis of phosphoinositides are mediated through the same effector in RBL-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Chau
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Hsu K, Wang D, Shen CY, Hsu YS, Shieh SD. Protective effect of ketotifen on chemiluminescence of neutrophils. Taiwan Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 1988; 87:939-43. [PMID: 3241152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abstract
The problem of recognition of objects in images is investigated from the simultaneous viewpoints of image bandwidth compression and automatic target recognition. A scenario is suggested in which recognition is implemented on features in the block cosine transform domain which is useful for data compression as well. While most image frames would be processed by the automatic recognition algorithms in the compressed domain without need for image reconstruction, this still allows for visual image classification of targets with poor recognition rates (by human viewing at the receiving terminal). It has been found that the Mandala sorting of the block cosine domain results in a more effective domain for selecting target identification parameters. Useful features from this Mandala/cosine domain are developed based upon correlation parameters and homogeneity measures which appear to successfully discriminate between natural and man-made objects. The Bhattacharyya feature discriminator is used to provide a 10:1 compression of the feature space for implementation of simple statistical decision surfaces (Gaussian and minimum distance classification). Imagery sensed in the visible spectra with a resolution of approximately 5-10 ft is used to illustrate the success of the technique on targets such as ships to be separated from clouds. A data set of 38 images is used for experimental verification with typical classification results ranging from the high 80's to low 90 percentile regions depending on the options choosen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Hsu
- Radar Systems Group, Hughes Aircraft Company, Los Angeles, CA 90009
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Hsu YS, Guzman LG. Carcinoma of the uvula: case report. Mil Med 1979; 144:827-8. [PMID: 118405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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