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Ling YY, Xiang KL, Peng HW, Erst AS, Lian L, Zhao L, Jabbour F, Wang W. Biogeographic diversification of Actaea (Ranunculaceae): Insights into the historical assembly of deciduous broad-leaved forests in the Northern Hemisphere. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023:107870. [PMID: 37406952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The deciduous broad-leaved forests (DBLFs) cover large temperate and subtropical high-altitude regions in the Northern Hemisphere. They are home to rich biodiversity, especially to numerous endemic and relict species. However, we know little about how this vegetation in the Northern Hemisphere has developed through time. Here, we used Actaea (Ranunculaceae), an herbaceous genus almost exclusively growing in the understory of the Northern Hemisphere DBLFs, to shed light on the historical assembly of this biome in the Northern Hemisphere. We present a complete species-level phylogenetic analysis of Actaea based on five plastid and nuclear loci. Using the phylogenetic framework, we estimated divergence times, ancestral ranges, and diversification rates. Phylogenetic analyses strongly support Actaea as monophyletic. Sections Podocarpae and Oligocarpae compose a clade, sister to all other Actaea. The sister relationship between sections Chloranthae and Souliea is strongly supported. Section Dichanthera is not monophyletic unless section Cimicifuga is included. Actaea originated in East Asia, likely the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, in the late Paleocene (c. 57 Ma), and subsequently dispersed into North America in the middle Eocene (c. 43 Ma) via the Thulean bridge. Actaea reached Europe twice, Japan twice, and Taiwan once, and all these five colonization events occurred in the late Miocene-early Pliocene, a period when sea level dropped. Actaea began to diversify at c. 43 Ma. The section-level diversification took place at c. 27-37 Ma and the species-level diversification experienced accelerations twice, which occurred at c. 15 Ma and c. 5 Ma, respectively. Our findings suggest that the Northern Hemisphere DBLFs might have risen in the middle Eocene and further diversified in the late Eocene-Oligocene, middle Miocene and early Pliocene, in association with climatic deterioration during these four periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun-Li Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Huan-Wen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Andrey S Erst
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zolotodolinskaya str. 101, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Lian Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Florian Jabbour
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris 75005, France
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Fuhrmann-Stroissnigg H, Santiago FE, Grassi D, Ling Y, Niedernhofer LJ, Robbins PD. SA-β-Galactosidase-Based Screening Assay for the Identification of Senotherapeutic Drugs. J Vis Exp 2019. [PMID: 31305507 DOI: 10.3791/58133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell senescence is one of the hallmarks of aging known to negatively influence a healthy lifespan. Drugs able to kill senescent cells specifically in cell culture, termed senolytics, can reduce the senescent cell burden in vivo and extend healthspan. Multiple classes of senolytics have been identified to date including HSP90 inhibitors, Bcl-2 family inhibitors, piperlongumine, a FOXO4 inhibitory peptide and the combination of Dasatinib/Quercetin. Detection of SA-β-Gal at an increased lysosomal pH is one of the best characterized markers for the detection of senescent cells. Live cell measurements of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) activity using the fluorescent substrate C12FDG in combination with the determination of the total cell number using a DNA intercalating Hoechst dye opens the possibility to screen for senotherapeutic drugs that either reduce overall SA-β-Gal activity by killing of senescent cells (senolytics) or by suppressing SA-β-Gal and other phenotypes of senescent cells (senomorphics). Use of a high content fluorescent image acquisition and analysis platform allows for the rapid, high throughput screening of drug libraries for effects on SA-β-Gal, cell morphology and cell number.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando E Santiago
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota; Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota
| | - Diego Grassi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute
| | - YuanYuan Ling
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota; Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota; Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota;
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Saunders VC, Lafitte M, Adrados I, Quereda V, Feurstein D, Ling Y, Fallahi M, Rosenberg LH, Duckett DR. Identification of an EGFRvIII-JNK2-HGF/c-Met–Signaling Axis Required for Intercellular Crosstalk and Glioblastoma Multiforme Cell Invasion. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:962-9. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.097774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Sinkins SP, Hackett BJ, Costantini C, Vulule J, Ling YY, Collins FH, Besansky NJ. Isolation of polymorphic microsatellite loci from the malaria vector Anopheles funestus. Mol Ecol 2000; 9:490-2. [PMID: 10736053 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.00871-2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S P Sinkins
- Department of Biological Sciences, 317 Galvin Life Sciences Building, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556-0369, USA
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McAbee DD, Bennatt DJ, Ling YY. Identification and analysis of a CA(2+)-dependent lactoferrin receptor in rat liver. Lactoferrin binds to the asialoglycoprotein receptor in a galactose-independent manner. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998; 443:113-21. [PMID: 9781350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
We identified a 45 kDa Ca(2+)-dependent Lf binding protein on rat hepatocytes. Dithiobis(sulfosuccimidylproprionate) (DTSSP)-crosslinked 125I-Lf to a 45 kDa adduct in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner on intact cells. The 125I-labeled crosslinked complexes were absent when either surface-bound 125I-Lf was stripped prior to crosslinking or an excess of unlabeled Lf was included in the DTSSP reaction. Triton X-100 extracts of hepatocyte membrane ghosts were chromatographed on Lf-agarose, and a 45 kDa polypeptide (p45) was eluted by EGTA. Anti-p45 sera blocked vigorously 125I-Lf endocytosis to intact rat hepatocytes, confirming that p45 functions as the Ca(2+)-dependent Lf receptor on hepatocytes. Two tryptic fragments of p45 showed 100% identity with internal sequences (Leu121-->Lys126 and Phe198-->Lys220) of the major subunit (RHL-1) of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor. Antisera against p45 and RHL-1 crossreacted equally well with each protein, and asialoorosomucoid blocked the binding of 125I-Lf to hepatocytes. We did not detect the minor subunits (RHL-2/3) of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor in p45 preparations from Triton X-100-extracts of hepatocytes, and 125I-Lf bound to immobilized RHL-1 but not to RHL-2/3. Exoglycosidases were used to remove terminally-exposed NeuNAc and alpha- and beta-Gal from bovine Lf glycans, and lectin blotting confirmed that glycosidase-treated Lfs lacked detectable terminal Gal. Unexpectedly, deglycosylated Lf exhibited no loss in its ability to compete with unmodified Lf for binding to isolated hepatocytes. Moreover, beta-lactose but not sucrose competed vigorously for 125I-Lf endocytosis by hepatocytes, indicating that Lf binds at or near the carbohydrate-recognition domain of RHL-1. We conclude that RHL-1 is the Ca(2+)-dependent Lf receptor on hepatocytes and that it binds Lf in a Gal-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D McAbee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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McAbee DD, Ling YY, Stich C. Iron loading of isolated rat hepatocytes inhibits asialoglycoprotein receptor dynamics and induces formation of rat hepatic lectin-1 [correction of leptin-1] (RHL-1) oligomers. Biochem J 1998; 331 ( Pt 3):719-26. [PMID: 9560297 PMCID: PMC1219410 DOI: 10.1042/bj3310719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The major subunit [rat hepatic lectin-1 (RHL-1)] of the asialoglycoprotein (ASGP) receptor mediates endocytosis of the iron-binding protein lactoferrin (Lf) by isolated rat hepatocytes, yet iron loading of cultured adult rat hepatocytes increases the binding and endocytosis of Lf while greatly inhibiting the uptake of desialylated ligand. In the present study, we determined whether the iron-induced Lf-binding site is RHL-1 and examined the nature of the iron-induced block in ASGP receptor endocytic function. Isolated rat hepatocytes increased their non-haem iron content from 70 to 470 p.p. b. following incubation with ferric ammonium citrate (<=100 microgram/ml). These conditions blocked internalization of 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR) by approximately 90% but increased 125I-Lf endocytosis by 40%. ASOR and anti-RHL-1 sera blocked the binding and endocytosis of 125I-Lf on control cells but not on iron-loaded cells, indicating that the iron-induced Lf-binding site on hepatocytes is not RHL-1. Iron-loading of hepatocytes in the presence or absence of excess ASOR did not significantly alter the number of active ASGP receptors on the cell surface. In contrast, iron-loading decreased the number of active intracellular receptors by 40% and blocked the uptake of 125I-ASOR prebound to the cells by approximately 80%. Under these conditions, we found an iron-dependent evolution of 88 and 140 kDa RHL-1-containing, beta-mercaptoethanol-sensitive multimers that constituted up to 34 and 23%, respectively, of total immunodetectable RHL-1. We propose that iron-induced formation of cystinyl-linked RHL-1-containing multimers inhibits ASGP receptor movement between cell surface and interior and disrupts acylation of intracellular receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D McAbee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840-3903, USA.
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Bennatt DJ, Ling YY, McAbee DD. Isolated rat hepatocytes bind lactoferrins by the RHL-1 subunit of the asialoglycoprotein receptor in a galactose-independent manner. Biochemistry 1997; 36:8367-76. [PMID: 9204884 DOI: 10.1021/bi963079m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Isolated rat hepatocytes bind and internalize the iron-binding protein lactoferrin (Lf) by a set of high-affinity, recycling, Ca2+-dependent binding sites. We have purified a 45-kDa membrane protein (p45) from rat hepatocytes that exhibits Ca2+-dependent receptor activity. In this study, we found p45 to be identical to the major subunit (RHL-1) of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor. Two tryptic fragments of p45 showed 100% identity with RHL-1 internal sequences (Leu121 --> Lys126 and Phe198 --> Lys220), and monospecific antisera against p45 and RHL-1 cross-reacted equally well with each protein. Molar excesses of anti-p45 IgG, anti-RHL-1 IgG, asialoorosomucoid, and asialofetuin competitively blocked the binding of 125I-Lf to isolated rat hepatocytes at 4 degrees C. Similarly, either excess anti-p45 or Lf blocked the binding of 125I-asialoorosomucoid to cells at 4 degrees C. We did not detect the minor subunits of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor (RHL-2/3) in p45 preparations from Triton X-100 extracts of hepatocytes and 125I-Lf bound to purified RHL-1 but not to RHL-2/3 immobilized on nitrocellulose. Nonetheless, anti-RHL-2/3 IgG reduced the binding of 125I-Lf to hepatocytes at 4 degrees C. Exoglycosidases were used to remove terminally-exposed N-acetylneuraminyl, alpha- and beta-galactosyl, and N-acetylhexosaminyl sugars from human and bovine Lf glycans, and lectin blotting confirmed that glycosidase-treated Lfs lacked detectable terminal galactosyl sugars. Unexpectedly, these deglycosylated Lfs exhibited no loss in their ability to compete with unmodified Lfs for binding to isolated hepatocytes. In addition, molar excess of beta-lactose but not sucrose competitively blocked the binding of 125I-Lf to cells, indicating that Lf bound at or very near the carbohydrate-recognition domain of RHL-1. We conclude that RHL-1 is the Ca2+-dependent Lf receptor on hepatocytes and that it binds Lf at its carbohydrate-recognition domain yet in a galactose-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Bennatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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Abstract
Isolated rat hepatocytes bind and internalize bovine lactoferrin (Lf) protein and Lf-bound Fe3+ via Ca2+-dependent recycling Lf binding sites (McAbee, 1995, Biochem. J., 311:603-609). In this study, we determined if iron loading of primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes altered their ability to bind and internalize Lf. Rat hepatocytes were cultured 16-24 h with or without ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and then assayed for Ca2+-dependent 125I-Lf binding at 4 degrees C or 125I-Lf endocytosis at 37 degrees C. Cells pretreated with FAC (5 microg/mL) internalized two- to sixfold more 125I-Lf than did control cells. The FAC-induced increase in 125I-Lf endocytosis required 4-8 h of culture at 37 degrees C and was fully reversible if cells were incubated an additional 24 h without FAC either in the presence or absence of the Fe3+ chelator desferrioxamine. Maximal endocytic rates for untreated and FAC-treated cells were 370 and 2,300 molecules 125I-Lf cell(-1) sec(-1), respectively. Both 125I-Lf binding at 4 degrees C and endocytosis at 37 degrees C increased up to sixfold between 0.3 10 microg/mL FAC, indicating that iron-induced enhancement of 125I-Lf uptake was due to an increase in the number of Lf receptors present on the cells. 125I-Lf bound to untreated and FAC-treated cells at 4 degrees C with similar affinities (K(d) approximately 1.5 microM). Cycloheximide but not actinomycin D blocked the FAC-induced increase in 125I-Lf binding, indicating that the increase in the number of Lf binding sites required translation but not transcription. Notably, iron loading blocked endocytosis of asialoorosomucoid by hepatocytes by up to 80%, reducing the number of active intracellular asialoglycoprotein receptors >65% without altering the number of active cell surface receptors. We conclude from these studies that Lf receptor activity on hepatocytes is regulated posttranscriptionally by the iron status of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D McAbee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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Xia Y, Van Etten JL, Dobos P, Ling YY, Krell PJ. Adenine DNA methyltransferase M.CviRI expression accelerates apoptosis in baculovirus-infected insect cells. Virology 1993; 196:817-24. [PMID: 8372450 DOI: 10.1006/viro.1993.1539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The adenine DNA methyltransferase M.CviRI (TGCmA) gene from chlorella virus XZ-6E was cloned into the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) genome and expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda insect cells under the control of two tandemly arranged viral promoters, the early ETL promoter and the late polyhedrin promoter. M.CviRI activity was first detected at 10 hr p.i and reached a maximum at 48 hr p.i. Viral DNA synthesized in insect cells infected with M.CviRI expressing virus (AcMTRI) was methylated at all TGCA sites. Unexpectedly, AcMTRI-infected cells lysed 48 hr earlier than wild-type AcMNPV-infected cells. Moreover, cellular DNA, but not viral DNA, from AcMTRI-infected cells was degraded to fragment sizes characteristic of apoptosis. These results suggest that M.CviRI methylation influences the onset of viral cytopathic effects and induces an apoptosis-like response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xia
- Department of Microbiology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Sun NS, Ling YY, Zhang ZY, Wu YZ, Wu YQ. [Preliminary study of tong-jing powders in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea]. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1986; 6:711-3. [PMID: 2951018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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