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Konoplev A, Golosov V, Wakiyama Y, Takase T, Yoschenko V, Yoshihara T, Parenyuk O, Cresswell A, Ivanov M, Carradine M, Nanba K, Onda Y. Natural attenuation of Fukushima-derived radiocesium in soils due to its vertical and lateral migration. J Environ Radioact 2018; 186:23-33. [PMID: 28869070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Processes of vertical and lateral migration lead to gradual reduction in contamination of catchment soil, particularly its top layer. The reduction can be considered as natural attenuation. This, in turn, results in a gradual decrease of radiocesium activity concentrations in the surface runoff and river water, in both dissolved and particulate forms. The purpose of this research is to study the dynamics of Fukushima-derived radiocesium in undisturbed soils and floodplain deposits exposed to erosion and sedimentation during floods. Combined observations of radiocesium vertical distribution in soil and sediment deposition on artificial lawn-grass mats on the Niida River floodplain allowed us to estimate both annual mean sediment accumulation rates and maximum sedimentation rates corresponding to an extreme flood event during Tropical Storm Etau, 6-11 September 2015. Dose rates were reduced considerably for floodplain sections with high sedimentation because the top soil layer with high radionuclide contamination was eroded and/or buried under cleaner fresh sediments produced mostly due to bank erosion and sediments movements. Rate constants of natural attenuation on the sites of the Takase River and floodplain of Niida River was found to be in range 0.2-0.4 year-1. For the site in the lower reach of the Niida River, collimated shield dose readings from soil surfaces slightly increased during the period of observation from February to July 2016. Generally, due to more precipitation, steeper slopes, higher temperatures and increased biological activities in soils, self-purification of radioactive contamination in Fukushima associated with vertical and lateral radionuclide migration is faster than in Chernobyl. In many cases, monitored natural attenuation along with appropriate restrictions seems to be optimal option for water remediation in Fukushima contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Konoplev
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296 Japan.
| | - V Golosov
- Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Y Wakiyama
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296 Japan
| | - T Takase
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296 Japan
| | - V Yoschenko
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296 Japan
| | - T Yoshihara
- Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Chiba, 270-1194 Japan
| | - O Parenyuk
- Radiobiology and Radioecology Department, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, 08162 Ukraine
| | - A Cresswell
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride G75 0QF, UK
| | - M Ivanov
- Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - M Carradine
- Department of Environmental Health and Radiological Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - K Nanba
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296 Japan
| | - Y Onda
- Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572 Japan
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Shvartzvald Y, Maoz D, Udalski A, Sumi T, Friedmann M, Kaspi S, Poleski R, Szymański MK, Skowron J, Kozłowski S, Wyrzykowski L, Mróz P, Pietrukowicz P, Pietrzyński G, Soszyński I, Ulaczyk K, Abe F, Barry RK, Bennett DP, Bhattacharya A, Bond I, Freeman M, Inayama K, Itow Y, Koshimoto N, Ling C, Masuda K, Fukui A, Matsubara Y, Muraki Y, Ohnishi K, Rattenbury NJ, Saito T, Sullivan D, Suzuki D, Tristram PJ, Wakiyama Y, Yonehara A. The frequency of snowline-region planets from four-years of OGLE-MOA-Wise second-generation microlensing. Mon Not R Astron Soc 2016; 457:4089-4113. [PMID: 32848283 PMCID: PMC7447140 DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a statistical analysis of the first four seasons from a "second-generation" microlensing survey for extrasolar planets, consisting of near-continuous time coverage of 8 deg2 of the Galactic bulge by the OGLE, MOA, and Wise microlensing surveys. During this period, 224 microlensing events were observed by all three groups. Over 12% of the events showed a deviation from single-lens microlensing, and for ~1/3 of those the anomaly is likely caused by a planetary companion. For each of the 224 events we have performed numerical ray-tracing simulations to calculate the detection efficiency of possible companions as a function of companion-to-host mass ratio and separation. Accounting for the detection efficiency, we find that 55 - 22 + 34 % of microlensed stars host a snowline planet. Moreover, we find that Neptunes-mass planets are ~ 10 times more common than Jupiter-mass planets. The companion-to-host mass ratio distribution shows a deficit at q ~ 10-2, separating the distribution into two companion populations, analogous to the stellar-companion and planet populations, seen in radial-velocity surveys around solar-like stars. Our survey, however, which probes mainly lower-mass stars, suggests a minimum in the distribution in the super-Jupiter mass range, and a relatively high occurrence of brown-dwarf companions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Shvartzvald
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
- The Wise Observatory Group
| | - D. Maoz
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
- The Wise Observatory Group
| | - A. Udalski
- Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - T. Sumi
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - M. Friedmann
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
- The Wise Observatory Group
| | - S. Kaspi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
- The Wise Observatory Group
| | - R. Poleski
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, 140 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - M. K. Szymański
- Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - J. Skowron
- Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - S. Kozłowski
- Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - L. Wyrzykowski
- Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - P. Mróz
- Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - P. Pietrukowicz
- Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - G. Pietrzyński
- Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - I. Soszyński
- Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - K. Ulaczyk
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE) Collaboration
| | - F. Abe
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - R. K. Barry
- Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - D. P. Bennett
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Physics, 225 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5670, USA
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - A. Bhattacharya
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Physics, 225 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5670, USA
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - I.A. Bond
- Institute of Information and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 102-904, North Shore Mail Centre, Auckland, New Zealand
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - M. Freeman
- Department of Physics, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92-019, Auckland 1001, New Zealand
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - K. Inayama
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto Sangyo University, 603-8555 Kyoto, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - Y. Itow
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - N. Koshimoto
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - C.H. Ling
- Institute of Information and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 102-904, North Shore Mail Centre, Auckland, New Zealand
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - K. Masuda
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - A. Fukui
- Okayama Astrophysical Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Asakuchi, Okayama 719-0232, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - Y. Matsubara
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - Y. Muraki
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - K. Ohnishi
- Nagano National College of Technology, Nagano 381-8550, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - N. J. Rattenbury
- Department of Physics, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92-019, Auckland 1001, New Zealand
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - To. Saito
- Tokyo Metropolitan College of Aeronautics, Tokyo 116-8523, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - D.J. Sullivan
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - D. Suzuki
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Physics, 225 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5670, USA
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - P. J. Tristram
- Mt. John University Observatory, P.O. Box 56, Lake Tekapo 8770, New Zealand
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - Y. Wakiyama
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
| | - A. Yonehara
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto Sangyo University, 603-8555 Kyoto, Japan
- Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration
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Konoplev A, Golosov V, Laptev G, Nanba K, Onda Y, Takase T, Wakiyama Y, Yoshimura K. Behavior of accidentally released radiocesium in soil-water environment: Looking at Fukushima from a Chernobyl perspective. J Environ Radioact 2016; 151 Pt 3:568-578. [PMID: 26143175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative characteristics of dissolved and particulate radiocesium wash-off from contaminated watersheds after the FDNPP accident are calculated based on published monitoring data. Comparative analysis is provided for radiocesium wash-off parameters and distribution coefficients, Kd, between suspended matter and water in rivers and surface runoff on Fukushima and Chernobyl contaminated areas for the first years after the accidents. It was found that radiocesium distribution coefficient in Fukushima rivers is essentially higher (1-2 orders of magnitude) than corresponding values for rivers and surface runoff within the Chernobyl zone. This can be associated with two factors: first, the high fraction of clays in the predominant soils and sediments of the Fukushima area and accordingly a higher value of the radiocesium Interception Potential, RIP, in general, and secondly the presence of water insoluble glassy particles containing radiocesium in the accidental fallout at Fukushima. It was found also that normalized dissolved wash-off coefficients for Fukushima catchments are 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than corresponding values for the Chernobyl zone. Normalized particulate wash-off coefficients are comparable for Fukushima and Chernobyl. Results of the investigation of radiocesium's ((134)Cs and (137)Cs) vertical distribution in soils of the close-in area of the Fukushima Dai-ichi NPP - Okuma town and floodplain of the Niida river are presented. The radiocesium migration in undisturbed forest and grassland soils at Fukushima contaminated area has been shown to be faster as compared to the Chernobyl 30-km zone during the first three years after the accidents. This may be associated with higher annual precipitation (by about 2.5 times) in Fukushima as compared to the Chernobyl zone, as well as the differences in the soil characteristics and temperature regime throughout a year. Investigation and analysis of Fukushima's radiocesium distribution in soils of Niida river catchment revealed accumulation zones of contaminated sediments on its floodplain. Average sediment deposition rates varied from 0.3 to 3.3 cm/year.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Konoplev
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan.
| | - V Golosov
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan; Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - G Laptev
- Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute, Kiev, 03028, Ukraine
| | - K Nanba
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Y Onda
- Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan
| | - T Takase
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Y Wakiyama
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - K Yoshimura
- Sector of Fukushima Research and Development, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokyo, 100-8577, Japan
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Yamaguchi T, Hamanaka S, Kamiya A, Okabe M, Kawarai M, Wakiyama Y, Umino A, Hayama T, Sato H, Lee YS, Kato-Itoh M, Masaki H, Kobayashi T, Yamazaki S, Nakauchi H. Development of an all-in-one inducible lentiviral vector for gene specific analysis of reprogramming. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41007. [PMID: 22815895 PMCID: PMC3399796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fair comparison of reprogramming efficiencies and in vitro differentiation capabilities among induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines has been hampered by the cellular and genetic heterogeneity of de novo infected somatic cells. In order to address this problem, we constructed a single cassette all-in-one inducible lentiviral vector (Ai-LV) for the expression of three reprogramming factors (Oct3/4, Klf4 and Sox2). To obtain multiple types of somatic cells having the same genetic background, we generated reprogrammable chimeric mice using iPSCs derived from Ai-LV infected somatic cells. Then, hepatic cells, hematopoietic cells and fibroblasts were isolated at different developmental stages from the chimeric mice, and reprogrammed again to generate 2nd iPSCs. The results revealed that somatic cells, especially fetal hepatoblasts were reprogrammed 1200 times more efficiently than adult hepatocytes with maximum reprogramming efficiency reaching 12.5%. However, we found that forced expression of c-Myc compensated for the reduced reprogramming efficiency in aged somatic cells without affecting cell proliferation. All these findings suggest that the Ai-LV system enables us to generate a panel of iPSC clones derived from various tissues with the same genetic background, and thus provides an invaluable tool for iPSC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Yamaguchi
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (TY); (HN)
| | - Sanae Hamanaka
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihide Kamiya
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohito Okabe
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Kawarai
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Wakiyama
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Umino
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonari Hayama
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sato
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youn-Su Lee
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Kato-Itoh
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Masaki
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kobayashi
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamazaki
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (TY); (HN)
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Hamanaka S, Yamaguchi T, Kobayashi T, Kato-Itoh M, Yamazaki S, Sato H, Umino A, Wakiyama Y, Arai M, Sanbo M, Hirabayashi M, Nakauchi H. Generation of germline-competent rat induced pluripotent stem cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22008. [PMID: 21789202 PMCID: PMC3137610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent progress in rat pluripotent stem cell technology has been remarkable. Particularly salient is the demonstration that embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in the rat (rESCs) can contribute to germline transmission, permitting generation of gene-modified rats as is now done using mouse ESCs (mESCs) or mouse induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs; miPSCs). However, determinations of whether rat iPSCs (riPSCs) can contribute to germ cells are not published. Here we report the germline competency of riPSCs. Methodology/Principal Findings We generated riPSCs by transducing three mouse reprogramming factors (Oct3/4, Klf4, and Sox2) into rat somatic cells, followed by culture in the presence of exogenous rat leukemia inhibitory factor (rLIF) and small molecules that specifically inhibit GSK3, MEK, and FGF receptor tyrosine kinases. We found that, like rESCs, our riPSCs can contribute to germline transmission. Furthermore we found, by immunostaining of testis from mouse-rat interspecific chimeras with antibody against mouse vasa homolog, that riPSCs can contribute to embryonic development with chimera formation in mice (rat-mouse interspecific chimeras) and to interspecific germlines. Conclusions/Significance Our data clearly demonstrate that using only three reprogramming factors (Oct3/4, Klf4, and Sox2) rat somatic cells can be reprogrammed into a ground state. Our generated riPSCs exhibited germline transmission in either rat-rat intraspecific or mouse-rat interspecific chimeras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Hamanaka
- Japan Science Technology Agency, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yamaguchi
- Japan Science Technology Agency, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (TY); (HN)
| | - Toshihiro Kobayashi
- Japan Science Technology Agency, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Kato-Itoh
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamazaki
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sato
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Umino
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Wakiyama
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Arai
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Sanbo
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Masumi Hirabayashi
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Japan Science Technology Agency, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (TY); (HN)
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