1
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Tseng WZ, Cheng RC, Hsiao Y, Chiu MC. Rediscovery of Sternechosomus octotuberculatus Voss, 1958 provides evidence for Sternechosomus Voss, 1958 as a new subjective synonym of Physarchus Pascoe, 1865 (Curculionidae: Molytinae: Metatygini). Zootaxa 2023; 5380:196-200. [PMID: 38220782 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhe Tseng
- Department of Life Science; National Taiwan Normal University; No. 88; Sec. 4; Tingzhou Rd.; Taipei City 116059; Taiwan; Department of Life Sciences; National Chung Hsing University.
| | - Ren-Chung Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences; National Chung Hsing University; Research Center for Global Change Biology; National Chung Hsing University No. 145 Xingda Rd.; South Dist.; Taichung 40227; Taiwan.
| | - Yun Hsiao
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; National Taiwan University.
| | - Ming-Chung Chiu
- Department of Entomology; National Taiwan University. No. 1; Sec. 4; Roosevelt Rd.; Taipei 106; Taiwan.
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2
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Prena J, Hsiao Y, Oberprieler RG. New combinations and synonymies in the weevil genus Lyterius Schnherr (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with a conspectus of historical works on Daldorffs Sumatran beetles. Zootaxa 2023; 5380:26-36. [PMID: 38220793 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
In preparation for a future taxonomic revision, we explore provenance, collectors, original owners and current repositories of the type material for three available genus-group names, Lyterius Schnherr, 1844, Barisoma Motschulsky, 1863 and Plaxes Pascoe, 1885, which have been applied to a group of small, relatively flat weevils associated with Pandanaceae. Lectotypes are designated for Rhynchaenus musculus Fabricius, 1802 and Plaxes impar Pascoe, 1885. The lectotype of Rh. musculus is designated as neotype for Curculio abdominalis Weber, 1801, making the species names objective synonyms (reestablished synonymy), with C. abdominalis having date priority. The names Barisoma Motschulsky and Plaxes are placed in synonymy with Lyterius (new synonymies). Five valid species names are recognised in Lyterius, L. abdominalis (Weber), L. dispar (Faust, 1896) new combination, L. impar (Pascoe) new combination, L. instabilis Boheman, 1844 and L. pandanicola (Motschulsky, 1863) new combination. We also provide an overview of the early descriptive works on Sumatran beetles collected by Daldorff and their original owners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Hsiao
- CSIRO; Australian National Insect Collection; G.P.O. Box 1700; Canberra; A.C.T. 2601; Australia; Division of Ecology and Evolution; Research School of Biology; The Australian National University; Canberra; A.C.T.; 2601; Australia; Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; National Taiwan University; Taipei; Taiwan.
| | - Rolf G Oberprieler
- CSIRO; Australian National Insect Collection; G.P.O. Box 1700; Canberra; A.C.T. 2601; Australia.
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3
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Hsiao Y, Oberprieler RG, Zwick A, Zhou YL, Ślipiński A. Museomics unveil systematics, diversity and evolution of Australian cycad-pollinating weevils. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231385. [PMID: 37788699 PMCID: PMC10547556 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Weevils have been shown to play significant roles in the obligate pollination of Australian cycads. In this study, we apply museomics to produce a first molecular phylogeny estimate of the Australian cycad weevils, allowing an assessment of their monophyly, placement and relationships. Divergence dating suggests that the Australian cycad weevils originated from the Late Oligocene to the Middle Miocene and that the main radiation of the cycad-pollinating groups occurred from the Middle to the Late Miocene, which is congruent with the diversification of the Australian cycads, thus refuting any notion of an ancient ciophilous system in Australia. Taxonomic studies reveal the existence of 19 Australian cycad weevil species and that their associations with their hosts are mostly non-species-specific. Co-speciation analysis shows no extensive co-speciation events having occurred in the ciophilous system of Australian cycads. The distribution pattern suggests that geographical factors, rather than diversifying coevolution, constitute the overriding process shaping the Australian cycad weevil diversity. The synchronous radiation of cycads and weevil pollinators is suggested to be a result of the post-Oligocene diversification common in Australian organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hsiao
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rolf G. Oberprieler
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Andreas Zwick
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Yu-Lingzi Zhou
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Adam Ślipiński
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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4
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Li YD, Peris D, Yamamoto S, Hsiao Y, Newton AF, Cai CY. Revisiting the Raractocetus Fossils from Mesozoic and Cenozoic Amber Deposits (Coleoptera: Lymexylidae). Insects 2022; 13:768. [PMID: 36135469 PMCID: PMC9505827 DOI: 10.3390/insects13090768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The fossils once assigned to Raractocetus Kurosawa from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic amber deposits differ from extant Raractocetus in the longer elytra, the more strongly projecting metacoxae, and the hind wing with vein 2A forked. Thus, these fossils should be removed from Raractocetus. Cretoquadratus engeli Chen from Kachin amber appears to be conspecific with R. fossilis Yamamoto. As a result, R. fossilis and R. extinctus Yamamoto from Kachin amber, R. balticus Yamamoto from Baltic amber, and R. sverlilo Nazarenko, Perkovsky & Yamamoto from Rovno amber are transferred to Cretoquadratus Chen, as C. fossilis (Yamamoto) comb. nov., C. extinctus (Yamamoto) comb. nov., C. balticus (Yamamoto) comb. nov., and C. sverlilo (Nazarenko, Perkovsky & Yamamoto) comb. nov., and C. engeli syn. nov. is suggested to be a junior synonym of C. fossilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Da Li
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Centre for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - David Peris
- Departament de Dinàmica de la Terra i de l’Oceà, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shûhei Yamamoto
- Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yun Hsiao
- Australian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Alfred F. Newton
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
| | - Chen-Yang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Centre for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
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5
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Ichikawa-Kaji Y, Ishizawa F, Nishiyama R, Tachikawa H, Uemura N, Moriuchi Y, Umino K, Hsiao Y, Muramatsu H, Suzuki T, Inomata A, Honda K, Moriyasu T. Development of a detector tube for rapid detection of tadalafil in adulterated dietary supplements. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hsiao Y, Gopman DB, Mohanchandra K, Shirazi P, Lynch CS. Effect of interfacial and edge roughness on magnetoelectric control of Co/Ni microdisks on PMN-PT(011). Sci Rep 2022; 12:3919. [PMID: 35273193 PMCID: PMC8913801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Uniform magnetic behavior within arrays of magnetoelectric heterostructures is important for the development of reliable strain-mediated microdevices. Multiple mechanisms may contribute to observed nonuniform magnetization reversal including surface roughness, non-uniform strain, and fabrication induced imperfections. Here, Co/Ni microdisks of 7 µm diameter were produced on both [Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3]1−x–[PbTiO3]x with x = 0.3 nominal composition (PMN-30PT) (011) and Si substrates, and the out-of-plane magnetization reversal was characterized using magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE). Coercivity variation across the microdisks within the arrays was observed on both the PMN-30PT and Si specimens with zero electric field applied. Co/Ni microdisks on a PMN-30PT substrate displayed relatively larger coercivity than those on a Si substrate due to the surface roughness effect. Quasistatic electric fields of varying magnitude were applied to the PMN-30PT substrate to assess the dependence of the coercivity on electric field induced strain. Our results indicate that while coercivity decreases with the increase of electric field induced strain, interfacial and edge roughness combine to realize a prohibitively large coercivity to overcome within the Co/Ni microdisks as well as a broad distribution of coercive field across a patterned microdisk array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hsiao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D B Gopman
- Materials Science & Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - K Mohanchandra
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P Shirazi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C S Lynch
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Bourns College of Engineering, University California, Riverside, CA, USA.
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Hsiao Y, Li Y, Ren D, Pang H. Morphological phylogenetics provide new insights into the classification and evolution of fossil soldier beetles from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae). Zool J Linn Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cantharidae is a diverse group of soft-bodied beetles and frequently occurs in the Mid-Cretaceous (c. 99 Mya) amber of Myanmar. In the present paper, three new soldier beetles, Cretocantharis veda gen. & sp. nov., Palaeocantharispanna gen. & sp. nov. and Hukawngichthyurus maha sp. nov. are reported. A phylogenetic reconstruction of Cantharidae, including all extant subfamilies and tribes, corroborates a distinct lineage comprising cantharine-like cantharids from Burmese amber as sister to Silini (Silinae), revealing that the current subfamilial placement is probably inadequate. Together with our results and recent molecular phylogenetic frameworks, it reveals that subfamilies of Cantharidae evolved during the Cretaceous period and highlights a probable Gondwanan ancestry of main cantharid groups. Our topology also proposes that the systematically controversial tribe Tytthonyxini of Silinae constitutes an independent clade sister to Malthininae, rather than the component of Silinae. Furthermore, Archaeomalthodes rosetta, previously placed in Malthininae, is recovered as a member of Dysmorphocerinae, representing the oldest fossil record for this subfamily and enhancing the Gondwanan origin hypothesis of Burmese amber biota. The previous interpretation of reticulated elytra as a lycid-mimicry for the Cretaceous cantharid fossils and pleisiomorphy of Cantharidae are challenged and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hsiao
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Yun Li
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Dong Ren
- College of Life Sciences and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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8
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Tsukano Y, Shimizu I, Yoshida Y, Hsiao Y, Ikegami R, Hayashi Y, Suda M, Katsuumi G, Nakao M, Minamino T. Obesity associated pro-fibrotic protein augments fibrosis in heart. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Chronic sterile inflammation in visceral fat has causal roles for systemic metabolic disorders in obesity. Inflamed visceral adipose tissue secretes pro-inflammatory adipokines, and this contributes to tissue remodeling under a metabolically stressed condition. Various kinds of white adipokines are broadly studied, however, roles of brown adipose tissue (BAT) derived adipokines (BATokine) remain to be explored. In this project, we tried to characterize pathogenic role of BATokine in obesity related fibrotic disorders, especially focusing on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). For this purpose, we analyzed two sets of DNA microarray data, and identified an obesity associated pro-fibrotic protein (OAFP) as a possible pathogenic BATokine. Our biobank studies showed OAFP increased in patients with diastolic dysfunction, and E/e' analyzed with cardiac echo increased in direct proportion to circulating OAFP level in humans. We generated dietary obese mice model, and found OAFP increased both in BAT and circulation. We generated a murine systemic or BAT specific OAFP knockout (KO) models, and found that obesity-induced diastolic dysfunction ameliorated in these models. Cardiac fibrosis was also suppressed by genetic depletion of OAFP. We found OAFP increased in circulation in aged humans and mice, and studies in chronologically aged mice showed this molecule increased in BAT with aging. Our results indicate that OAFP is secreted predominantly from BAT, and mediates pathogenic roles by augmenting cardiac fibrosis in dietary obesity or aging. Suppression of OAFP may become a therapy for HFpEF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tsukano
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - I Shimizu
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Hsiao
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - R Ikegami
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Hayashi
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - M Suda
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - G Katsuumi
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - M Nakao
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Minamino
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
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Hsiao Y, Shimizu I, Wakasugi T, Jiao S, Watanabe T, Kashimura T, Yoshida Y, Hanawa H, Ozaki K, Minamino T. Cardiac mitofusin-1 is declined in non-responding patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background/Introduction
Mitochondria are dynamic regulators of cellular metabolism and homeostasis. The dysfunction of mitochondria has long been considered a major contributor to aging and age-related diseases. The prognosis of severe heart failure is still unacceptably poor and it is urgent to establish new therapies for this critical condition. Some patients with heart failure do not respond to established multidisciplinary treatment and they are classified as “non-responders”. The outcome is especially poor for non-responders, and underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.
Purpose
Studies indicate mitochondrial dysfunction has causal roles for metabolic remodeling in the failing heart, but underlying mechanisms remain to be explored. This study tried to elucidate the role of Mitofusin-1 in a failing heart.
Methods
We examined twenty-two heart failure patients who underwent endomyocardial biopsy of intraventricular septum. Patients were classified as non-responders when their left-ventricular (LV) ejection fraction did not show more than 10% improvement at remote phase after biopsy. Fourteen patients were classified as responders, and eight as non-responders. Electron microscopy, quantitative PCR, and immunofluorescence studies were performed to explore the biological processes or molecules involved in failure to respond. In addition to studies with cardiac tissue specific knockout mice, we also conducted functional in-vitro studies with neonatal rat ventricular myocytes.
Results
Twenty-two patients with IDCM who underwent endomyocardial biopsy were enrolled in this study, including 14 responders and 8 non-responders. Transmission electron microscopy (EM) showed a significant reduction in mitochondrial size in cardiomyocytes of non-responders compared to responders. Quantitative PCR revealed that transcript of mitochondrial fusion protein, Mitofusin-1, was significantly reduced in non-responders. Studies with neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) indicated that the beta-1 adrenergic receptor-mediated signaling pathway negatively regulates Mitofusin-1 expression. Suppression of Mitofusin-1 resulted in a significant reduction in mitochondrial respiration of NRVMs. We generated left ventricular pressure overload model with thoracic aortic constriction (TAC) in cardiac specific Mitofusin-1 knockout model (c-Mfn1 KO). Systolic function was reduced in c-Mfn1 KO mice, and EM study showed an increase in dysfunctional mitochondria in the KO group subjected to TAC.
Conclusions
Mitofusin-1 becomes a biomarker for non-responders with heart failure. In addition, our results suggest that therapies targeting mitochondrial dynamics and homeostasis would become next generation therapy for severe heart failure patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hsiao
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - I Shimizu
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Wakasugi
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - S Jiao
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Watanabe
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Kashimura
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - H Hanawa
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - K Ozaki
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Minamino
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
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Hsiao Y, Shimizu I, Yoshida Y, Ikegami R, Hayashi Y, Suda M, Katsuumi G, Wakasugi T, Nakao M, Minamino T. Circulating pro fibrotic protein promotes fibrosis in liver. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background/Introduction
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), driven by the obesity epidemic, has become the most common form of liver disease. Inflamed visceral adipose tissue secretes pro-inflammatory adipokines that are causal for systemic metabolic disorders. Role of adipokines in NASH, especially those from brown adipose tissues (BATokine) remain unclear.
Purpose
To show the pathogenic role of BATokine in NASH.
Methods
To identify and characterize the pathological roles of pro-fibrotic BATokine, we generated a murine obese NASH model by imposing a high fat diet in C57BL6/NCr mice, and murine systemic or BAT specific knockout (KO) models. We also conducted functional in-vitro studies with differentiated brown adipocytes.
Results
Analyzing two sets of DNA micro array data with bioinformatics, we identified a secreted form pro-fibrotic protein (sPFP) expressed in dysfunctional brown adipose tissues (BAT) in mice. Testing our biobank samples, we found this protein increased in plasma of NASH patients. We generated a murine obese NASH model by imposing a high fat diet in C57BL6/NCr mice for 9–10 months since 4 weeks of age, and found that sPFP is produced predominantly by BAT. In this model, we also found that sPFP increased in plasma. We generated a murine systemic or BAT specific sPFP knockout (KO) models and found that liver fibrosis ameliorated in these models. We also suppressed circulating sPFP with a peptide vaccine targeting this molecule, and found that sPFP vaccination therapy inhibited liver fibrosis. Next, we generated sPFP gain of function (GOF) model by the administration of plasmid encoding sPFP into skeletal muscle. Liver fibrosis augmented in sPFP-GOF model, and these results suggested that sPFP has causal role for the progression of fibrotic response in liver. In vitro studies with differentiated brown adipocytes showed that metabolic stress increased c-Fos in nuclear, and this was causal for an increase in sPFP level.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that one of the BATokines, sPFP, contributes for the progression of fibrotic responses in obese-NASH model. Inhibition of sPFP may become a therapy for NASH or obesity related fibrotic disorders.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hsiao
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - I Shimizu
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - R Ikegami
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Hayashi
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - M Suda
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - G Katsuumi
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Wakasugi
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - M Nakao
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Minamino
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
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Hsiao Y, Tsai CL. Cephalomalthinus simplicicornis (Wittmer, 1993) rev. stat. et comb. n.: a resurrected soldier beetle (Coleoptera, Cantharidae) from Taiwan based on morphological and molecular data. Zootaxa 2019; 4619:zootaxa.4619.2.6. [PMID: 31716305 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The genus Cephalomalthinus Pic, 1921 is a diverse group of soldier beetles known from East Asia, with modifications on the male antennae, which are traditionally used for species delimitation. However, antennae are uniform in some Cephalomalthinus groups, thus making species identification difficult. In this study, both morphological and molecular data are applied to solve the generic classification and species status of Micropodabrus simplicicornis Wittmer, 1993, which was recently synonymized with Cephalomalthinus formosanus (Pic, 1910). We analyzed holotypes, multiple specimens and DNA barcodes to re-examine the validity of this synonymy. The results suggest that M. simplicicornis should be resurrected from the synonymy with C. formosanus, and a new combination, Cephalomalthinus simplicicornis (Wittmer, 1993) rev. stat. et comb. n., is proposed accordingly. The results highlight the value of multisource taxonomy and the discordance between molecular and morphological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hsiao
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia..
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12
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Hsiao Y, Pollock DA. Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Omineus Lewis, 1895 in Taiwan, with description of two new species (Coleoptera, Mycteridae, Eurypinae). Zootaxa 2019; 4568:zootaxa.4568.3.7. [PMID: 31715848 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.3.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The fauna of Mycteridae Blanchard, 1845 in Taiwan is small, with only two documented species. In the present paper, two new species of Omineus Lewis, 1895 are described: O. taiwanensis sp. nov. and O. chuangae sp. nov., highlighting the potential diversity of this family in Taiwan. New species descriptions are supplemented with photographs and illustrations of habitus and salient structures of both sexes. A key for the identification of Omineus species in Taiwan is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hsiao
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia..
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Tseng WZ, Hsiao Y, Hsu CF. Omophorus (Sinomophorus) wallacei: a new weevil from Borneo highlights the enigmatic Ethiopian-Oriental disjunct distribution (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae). Zootaxa 2018; 4438:588-596. [PMID: 30313138 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4438.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we describe a new species of the genus Omophorus, O. (Sinomophorus) wallacei sp. nov., from Malaysian Borneo. Photographs of habitus and genitalia, a distribution map, and a key for the identification of Omophorus species are included. The definition of the subgenus Sinomophorus is revised and several new diagnostic characters are added. This is the first documented occurrence of Omophorus in Borneo, highlighting its potential diversity in the Oriental region and providing additional evidence of Ethiopian-Oriental disjunction within this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhe Tseng
- Taipei Municipal Chong-Cheng Senior High School, No. 77, Wenlin N. Rd., Taipei 11287, Taiwan..
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Hsu PW, Hsu FC, Hsiao Y, Lin CC. Taxonomic notes on the genus Protanilla (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanillinae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 2017; 4268:117-130. [PMID: 28610386 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4268.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A new species of Protanilla Taylor, 1990, P. jongi sp. nov., from Taiwan is described and illustrated, along with a supplementary description of the queen morphology of P. lini Terayama, 2009 and biological notes of Protanilla species. Furthermore, Furcotanilla Xu, 2012 is considered a junior synonym of Protanilla on reanalysis of purported diagnostic characters. A key to the world fauna of genus Protanilla based on the worker caste is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wei Hsu
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, No. 27, Lane 113, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan..
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Young DK, Hsiao Y. Description of the mature larva of Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic) (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with comparison to other Taiwanese Pseudopyrochroa. Zootaxa 2016; 4175:189-195. [PMID: 27811782 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4175.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Field collections and rearing has established an association between the larva and adult of the Taiwanese Pseudopyrochroa depressa. Larvae were collected from beneath bark of the exposed portions of a dead, decaying log in a mesic montane forest and successfully reared to the adult stage. The mature larva is described and salient features are illustrated and compared to other known pyrochroid larvae from Taiwan. Notes on larval habitats and natural history are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K Young
- Department of Entomology; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706.;
| | - Yun Hsiao
- Department of Entomology; National Taiwan University, Taichung, Taiwan.;
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Hsiao Y, Okushima Y, Yang PS. Review of the genus Stenothemus Bourgeois from Taiwan, with description of three new species (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) and additional distributional records of previously known species. Zootaxa 2016; 4117:101-14. [PMID: 27395160 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4117.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The genus Stenothemus Bourgeois from Taiwan is reviewed, with description of three new species: S. lupus sp. nov., S. gemini sp. nov. and S. vulpecula sp. nov. Each species is described with photos of habitus, and the new species also include illustrations of aedeagi, female genitalia and abdominal ventrite VII (= sternite VIII) of female if available. In addition, the female of S. mamorui Okushima & M. Satô, 1999 is described for the first time, and female genitalia and the abdominal ventrite VII are illustrated. A distribution map of Stenothemus from Taiwan is presented, and an updated key for the identification of Stenothemus species from Taiwan is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hsiao
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, No. 27, Lane 113, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.;
| | - Yûichi Okushima
- Kurashiki Museum of Natural History, Chûô 2-6-1, Kurashiki-shi, Okayama Pref., 710-0046 Japan.;
| | - Ping-Shih Yang
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, No. 27, Lane 113, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.;
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Hsiao Y, Li Y, Liu Z, Pang H. A new species of Synchroa Newman from China (Coleoptera: Synchroidae). Zootaxa 2016; 4093:595-600. [PMID: 27394519 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4093.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The family Synchroidae Lacordaire, 1859 is a small group of beetles with an elongate, tapered, and slightly flattened body and brownish to black coloration. Members exhibit morphological similarity to some genera of Melandryidae, but can be distinguished based on larval morphology and the unmodified apical maxillary palpomeres. They are widely distributed throughout the Oriental, Palaearctic and Nearctic regions and possess the highest species diversity in Eastern Asia (Nikitsky 1999; Hsiao 2015). Synchroa bark beetles had been viewed as members of the Melandryidae for a long time, but were treated as an independent family in Böving & Craighead (1931). Crowson (1966) followed Böving & Craighead's treatment and suggested close relatives among the members of Zopheridae and Stenotrachelidae based on both larval and adult characters. Currently, only 8 species distributed amongst three genera have been described in this family: Mallodrya Horn, 1888 is a monotypical genus from North America; Synchroa Newman, 1838, the nominal genus and the largest genus widely distributed in North America, east Palearctic region and the Oriental region, including 5 species; Synchroina Fairmaire, 1898 is from the Oriental region and includes two species. (Nikitsky 1999; Hsiao 2015).Recently, the first author had the opportunity to examine the collection of the Museum of Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (SYSBM) discovering one remarkable species of Synchroa with dark coloration and a narrow prothorax, which are very different from previously described species of this genus. After careful examination and comparisons to other described species it is described here as new. In addition, an updated key to the world species of Synchroa is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hsiao
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, No. 27, Lane 113, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.;
| | - Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China.;
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China.;
| | - Hong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China.;
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Young DK, Hsiao Y, Liang WR, Lee CF. Descriptions of the mature larvae for two species of Pseudopyrochroa from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with notes on their natural history. Zootaxa 2016; 4061:585-95. [PMID: 27395521 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4061.5.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Field collections and rearing have established the first species-level associations for larvae of Pyrochroidae from Taiwan. Larvae of Pseudopyrochroa carinifrons and Pseudopyrochroa fainanensis were collected from beneath bark and in coarse, decaying woody debris of dead logs and successfully reared to the respective adult stages. The mature larvae are described and salient features are illustrated. Notes on larval habitats and natural history are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K Young
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706.;
| | - Yun Hsiao
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.;
| | - Wei-Ren Liang
- Department of Entomology, National Chung-Hsin University, Taichung, Taiwan.;
| | - Chi-Feng Lee
- Applied Zoology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan.;
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Abstract
Two new species of the genus Stenothemus Bourgeois are described from Taiwan, under the names of S. seediq sp. nov. and S. cou sp. nov. Both species are provided with photos of habitus and illustrations of aedeagi, the seventh abdominal ventrites of females, and a distribution map for both the new species is presented. A key for the identification of Stenothemus species from Taiwan is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hsiao
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, No. 27, Lane 113, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.;
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Huang R, Lee S, Lai C, Hsiao Y, Ting H. Acute effects of obstructive sleep apnea on autonomic nervous system, arterial stiffness and heart rate in newly diagnosed untreated patients. Sleep Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wang CC, Hsiao Y, Lee CC, Chao TC, Wang CC, Tung CJ. Monte Carlo simulations of therapeutic proton beams for relative biological effectiveness of double-strand break. Int J Radiat Biol 2011; 88:158-63. [PMID: 21823821 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2011.611214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values relative to (60)Co for the induction of double-strand breaks (DSB) were calculated for therapeutic proton beams. RBE-weighted absorbed doses were determined at different depths in a water phantom for proton beams. MATERIALS AND METHODS The depth-dose distributions and the fluence spectra for primary protons and secondary particles were calculated using the FLUKA (FLUktuierende KAskade) MC (Monte Carlo) transport code. These spectra were combined with the MCDS (Monte Carlo damage simulation) code to simulate the spectrum-averaged yields of clustered DNA lesions. RBE for the induction of DSB were then determined at different depths in a water phantom for the unmodulated and modulated proton beams. RESULTS The maximum RBE for the induction of DSB at 1 Gy absorbed dose was found about 1.5 at 0.5 cm distal to the Bragg peak maximum for an UNMODULATED 160 MeV proton beam. The RBE-weighted absorbed dose extended the biologically effective range of the proton beam by 1.9 mm. The corresponding maximum RBE value was inversely proportional to the proton beam energy, reaching a value of about 1.9 for 70 MeV proton beam. For a modulated 160 MeV proton beam, the RBE weightings were more pronounced near the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) distal edge. CONCLUSIONS It was demonstrated that a fast MCDS code could be used to simulate the DNA damage yield for therapeutic proton beams. Simulated RBE for the induction of DSB were comparable to RBE measured in vitro and in vivo. Depth dependent RBE values in the SOBP region might have to be considered in certain treatment situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ching Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Chao TC, Huang YS, Hsu FY, Hsiao Y, Lee CC, Tung CJ. Cellular dosimetry and microdosimetry for internal electron emitters. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2011; 143:248-252. [PMID: 21169288 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncq386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Radiobiological descriptions of cellular dosimetry and microdosimetry require both radiation dose and radiation quality. The lineal energy, defined as a ratio of the energy deposition by a particle in the biological target and the mean chord length of this target, is generally adopted to characterise the radiation quality. Most microdosimetry applications assume that the cell nucleus is the target region. Therefore, the lineal energy is obtained for the source (S) to target (T) geometry, T ← S, where S = cell surface, cytoplasm, cell nucleus and T = cell nucleus. The definition of lineal energy is based on the approximation that the particle mean pathlength is equal to target mean chord length. This approximation is valid for crossers of external irradiations. In the case of starters, insiders and stoppers of internal sources, particle pathlengths are always shorter than target chord lengths. Thus, the lineal energy does not reflect the specific energy deposition along particle path. In the present work, the specific energy deposition in a target is calculated using three distance parameters, i.e. target mean chord length, particle mean pathlength in the target and particle individual pathlength in the target. Monte Carlo calculations are performed for electrons of various energies and cells of different sizes. Results are analysed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Chao
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kweishan 333, Taiwan
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Chiu L, Chen S, Hsiao Y, Lu S, Chiu A. UP-1.101: Comparison of Transrectal Ultrasound Guided Biopsy of the Prostate and Transurethral Resection of the Prostate in the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer in Patients with Moderate Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lee M, Hsiao Y, Chao T, Tu S. SU-FF-T-485: Monte Carlo Simulation for DNA Damage in Gold Nanoparticle Solution. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Tu S, Hsieh H, Lee M, Low C, Hsiao Y. SU-GG-J-173: Study of CT Number Dependence On Hardware Settings and Post Image Processing in Micro CT Systems. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2961722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Hsiao Y, Lien H, Hsieh F, Liang W. SPARC in breast tumors of different histological types: defined its role in patients' outcome and nodal status. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)70425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Hsiao Y, Stewart R, Olivera G, Ruchala K, Li X. SU-FF-T-332: Monte Carlo Simulation of Tomotherapy: Derivation of a Dual Source Model for Treatment Planning. Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2241254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Hersleth HP, Uchida T, Teschner T, Røhr ÅK, Schünemann V, Nilsson K, Hsiao Y, Rod TH, Trautwein AX, Ryde U, Kitagawa T, Görbitz CH, Andersson KK. Structure of the intermediates in the myoglobin-peroxide reaction. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305090896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
[reaction: see text]. A highly regioselective Friedländer reaction is described. By introduction of a phosphonate group at one of the alpha-carbons of a ketone, regioselectivity can be perfectly controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hsiao
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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Jensen MS, Yang C, Hsiao Y, Rivera N, Wells KM, Chung JY, Yasuda N, Hughes DL, Reider PJ. Synthesis of an anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carbapenem via stannatrane-mediated Stille coupling. Org Lett 2000; 2:1081-4. [PMID: 10804559 DOI: 10.1021/ol005641d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[formula: see text] A short synthesis of carbapenem 1 is described. They key step involves the cross-coupling of an enol triflate with an amino-substituted sp3 carbon. This cross-couping, which allows the introduction of the complete side chain in one step, utilizes a stannatrane as the heteroalkyl transfer reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Jensen
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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Hsiao Y, Wells KM, Yang C, Jensen MS, Chung JY, Yasuda N, Hughes DL. Preparation of crystalline p-nitrobenzyl 2-formyl carbapenems by oxidative cleavage. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:1559-62. [PMID: 10386935 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Crystalline 1beta-methyl-2-formyl carbapenem pNB esters were prepared by osmium-mediated oxidative cleavage of the corresponding 2-vinyl derivatives. Reduction of the 2-formyl compounds gave the corresponding 2-hydroxymethyl derivatives, which are key intermediates for the anti-MRS carbapenem candidate (1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hsiao
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
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