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Garaiova I, Paduchová Z, Nagyová Z, Wang D, Michael DR, Plummer SF, Marchesi JR, Ďuračková Z, Muchová J. Probiotics with vitamin C for the prevention of upper respiratory tract symptoms in children aged 3-10 years: randomised controlled trial. Benef Microbes 2021; 12:431-440. [PMID: 34511049 DOI: 10.3920/bm2020.0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In a double-blind, randomised, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study, healthy school children aged 3-10 years received a probiotic based supplement daily for 6 months to assess the impact on the incidence and duration of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptoms. The intervention comprised Lab4 probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus CUL21 and CUL60, Bifidobacterium bifidum CUL20 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CUL34) at 12.5 billion cfu/day plus 50 mg vitamin C or a matching placebo. 171 children were included in the analysis (85 in placebo and 86 in active group). Incidence of coughing was 16% (P=0.0300) significantly lower in the children receiving the active intervention compared to the placebo. No significant differences in the incidence rate of other URTI symptoms were observed. There was significantly lower risk of experiencing five different URTI related symptoms in one day favouring the active group (Risk ratio: 0.31, 95% confidence interval: 0.12, 0.81, P=0.0163). Absenteeism from school and the use of antibiotics was also significantly reduced for those in the active group (-16%, P=0.0060 and -27%, P=0.0203, respectively). Our findings indicate that six months daily supplementation with the Lab4 probiotic and vitamin C combination reduces the incidence of coughing, absenteeism and antibiotic usage in 3 to 10 year old children.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Garaiova
- Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Z Paduchová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Z Nagyová
- JuvenaliaA Paediatric Centre, Veľkoblahovská 44/A, 929 01 Dunajská Streda, Slovakia
| | - D Wang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, United Kingdom
| | - D R Michael
- Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, United Kingdom
| | - S F Plummer
- Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, United Kingdom
| | - J R Marchesi
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, United Kingdom.,Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, United Kingdom
| | - Z Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - J Muchová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Ondrejovičová I, Muchová J, Mišľanová C, Nagyová Z, Duračková Z. Hypercholesterolemia, oxidative stress and gender dependence in children. Prague Med Rep 2010; 111:300-312. [PMID: 21189169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia (HCH) is characterized by an increase of the total- and LDL-cholesterol in serum. In hypercholesterolemia, generally recognized as a risk factor of atherogenesis, oxidative stress and oxidatively modified LDL play a crucial role. In our study, children with elevated total cholesterol (above 4.5 mmol/l) were included. Parameters of lipid profile, lipophilic vitamins and antioxidants (retinol, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, xantophyll, lycophen and β-carotene) and markers of oxidative damage to lipids (lipoperoxides and 8-isoprostanes) were evaluated. We found that children with hypercholesterolemia have significantly increased parameters of lipid profile and these are gender dependent only in HDL-cholesterol (1.27 ± 0.10 mmol/l in boys vs. 1.53 ± 0.07 mmol/l in girls; p<0.05) and TAG (1.63 ± 0.31 mmol/l in boys vs. 1.08 ± 0.09 mmol/l in girls; p<0.05). In addition, children with HCH have decreased total antioxidant capacity of serum (TEAC) (about 19.64%, p<0.05) and increased lipoperoxides (LP) (about 45.73%, p<0.001). We have revealed statistically significant correlations between parameters of lipid profile and lipophilic vitamins and antioxidants, as well as between markers of oxidative stress: positive correlation between LP and 8-iso (r=0.353, n=33, p<0.05) and negative correlations between these parameters and TEAC (r= -0.377, n=33, p<0.05 for LP and r= -0.379, n=33, p<0.05 for 8-iso). In conclusion, we confirmed relation between hypercholesterolemia and oxidative stress and effect of gender on these processes already in childhood. Since the atherosclerotic process begins in childhood before clinical symptoms, early detection of hypercholesterolemia and oxidative stress is important in later atherosclerosis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ondrejovičová
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) seems to have a relevant role in detoxifying processes and in atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine PON1 activity, the total antioxidant capacity, as well as entire lipid profile in children for screening of possible risk of atherosclerosis development. Serum PON1 arylesterase/paraoxonase activities were determined spectrophotometrically. The total antioxidant capacity of the serum was measured by TEAC method. Parameters of lipid profile were analyzed by routine laboratory methods. It has been shown that PON1 arylesterase/ paraoxonase activities were very similar to values found in adults. In children, no significant correlation between PON1 arylesterase activity and HDL was observed. PON1 paraoxonase activity correlated only with atherogenic index. PON1 arylesterase activity was significantly higher in girls than in boys. The antioxidant capacity was inversely related to the body mass index. In this study, PON1 activity was determined in healthy children aged 11 to 12 years and we found a similarity in PON1 activities of children and adults. Moreover, the results of our study support the hypothesis that higher body weight of children may contribute to a greater risk for development of atherosclerosis in which oxidative stress plays a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sumegová
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Polónyi J, Kapeller K, Nagyová Z, Slováková D. [Is it possible to use tissue after delayed fixation in electron microscopy?]. BRATISL MED J 1982; 78:593-604. [PMID: 7172067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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