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Jetti CR, Addepalli T, Devireddy SR, Tanimki GK, Al-Gburi AJA, Zakaria Z, Sunitha P. Design and Analysis of Modified U-Shaped Four Element MIMO Antenna for Dual-Band 5G Millimeter Wave Applications. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1545. [PMID: 37630079 PMCID: PMC10456774 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel compact-slotted four element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) planar monopole antenna is proposed for 5G mmWave N257/N258 and N262 band applications. The antenna, with dimensions of 12 mm × 11.6 mm × 0.508 mm (1.036λo ×1.001λo×0.043λo where λo is computed at lowest cutoff frequency), is fabricated on a Rogers RT/duroid 5880 (tm) substrate with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.0009. The suggested antenna consists of four U-shaped radiating elements (patches) on top of the dielectric material and a slotted ground on the bottom. The radiating elements are fed by a 50-ohm microstrip line feed. To improve the impedance performance of the MIMO antenna, a rectangular strip of 1.3 mm × 0.2 mm and a couple of rectangular slots are added to each radiating element. The first operating band at 27.1 GHz, ranging from 25.9 GHz to 27.8 GHz, is achieved by using slotted U-shaped radiating elements. The second operating band at 48.7 GHz, ranging from 47.1 GHz to 49.9 GHz, is obtained by etching hexagonal slots on the ground. The antenna design achieves an isolation of >27 dB through the orthogonal positioning of radiating elements and slots on the ground. The designed antenna operates at 27 GHz (N257/N258) and 48.7 GHz (N262) bands, exhibiting stable radiation patterns, a peak gain of >5.95 dBi, radiation efficiency of >90%, an envelope correlation coefficient of <10-6, a total active reflection coefficient of ≤-10 dB, channel capacity losses of <0.03 bits/s/Hz, and a mean effective gain of ≤-3 dB. The simulated and measured results of the antenna show good agreement, making it well-suited for 5G mmWave communication applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tathababu Addepalli
- Department of ECE, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem 533437, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sreenivasa Rao Devireddy
- Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram 522302, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Gayatri Konni Tanimki
- Department of ECE, Bapatla Engineering College (A), Bapatla 522102, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
- Center for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Elektrikal dan Elektronik (FTKEE), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Ayer Keroh 75450, Malaysia
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tungal 76100, Malaysia
| | - Pamarthi Sunitha
- Department of ECE, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem 533437, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Amer AAG, Othman N, Sapuan SZ, Alphones A, Hassan MF, Al-Gburi AJA, Zakaria Z. Dual-Band, Wide-Angle, and High-Capture Efficiency Metasurface for Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2015. [PMID: 37446531 DOI: 10.3390/nano13132015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
A dual-band metasurface (MS) with a wide reception angle operating at Wi-Fi bands (2.4 GHz and 5.4 GHz) is presented for electromagnetic (EM) energy harvesting applications. The MS unit cell comprises a subwavelength circular split ring resonator printed on the low-loss substrate. An air layer is sandwiched between two low-loss substrates to enhance the harvesting efficiency at operating frequencies. One of the main advantages of the proposed MS is that it uses only one harvesting port (via) to channel the captured power to the optimized load (50 Ω), which simplifies the design of a combined power network. According to the results of full-wave EM simulations, the proposed MS has a near-unity efficiency of 97% and 94% at 2.4 GHz and 5.4 GHz, respectively, for capturing the power of incident EM waves with normal incidence. Furthermore, the proposed MS harvester achieves good performance at up to 60° oblique incidence. To validate simulations, the MS harvester with 5 × 5-unit cells is fabricated and tested, and its EM properties are measured, showing good agreement with the simulation results. Because of its high efficiency, the proposed MS harvester is suitable for use in various microwave applications, such as energy harvesting and wireless power transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Ahmed Ghaleb Amer
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, UTHM, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nurmiza Othman
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, UTHM, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia
- Advanced Sensing Device and Technology FG, Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, UTHM, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Syarfa Zahirah Sapuan
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, UTHM, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia
- Advanced Sensing Device and Technology FG, Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, UTHM, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Arokiaswami Alphones
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Mohd Fahrul Hassan
- EMTEX CTS Sdn. Bhd. Incubator Space, Aras 2, Bangunan Penyelidikan, Blok F6, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
- Center for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Elektrikal dan Elektronik (FTKEE), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Ayer Keroh 75450, Malaysia
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tungal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia
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Ali A, Munir ME, Marey M, Mostafa H, Zakaria Z, Al-Gburi AJA, Bhatti FA. A Compact MIMO Multiband Antenna for 5G/WLAN/WIFI-6 Devices. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1153. [PMID: 37374738 DOI: 10.3390/mi14061153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This research work presents a compact design of a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) multiband antenna along with high-isolation characteristics. The presented antenna was designed for 3.50 GHz, 5.50 GHz, and 6.50 GHz frequencies for 5G cellular, 5G WiFi, and WiFi-6, respectively. The fabrication of the aforementioned design was undertaken using FR-4 (1.6 mm thickness) substrate material with a loss tangent and relative permittivity of about 0.025 and 4.30, respectively. The two-element MIMO multiband antenna was miniaturized to 16 × 28 × 1.6 mm3, making it desirable for devices operating in 5G bands. High isolation (>15 dB) was attained with thorough testing without employing a decoupling scheme in the design. Laboratory measurements resulted in a peak gain of 3.49 dBi and an efficiency of around 80% in the entire operating band. The evaluation of the presented MIMO multiband antenna was carried out in terms of the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL). The measured ECC was less than 0.04, and the DG was well above 9.50. The observed TARC was also lower than -10 dB, and the CCL was below 0.4 bits/s/Hz in the entire operating band. The presented MIMO multiband antenna was analyzed and simulated using CST Studio Suite 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyaz Ali
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Military College of Signals, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mehr E Munir
- Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
- Electrical Engineering Department, Iqra National University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Marey
- Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Mostafa
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka 76100, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
- Center for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology (FTKEE), Melaka 76100, Malaysia
| | - Farooq Ahmed Bhatti
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Military College of Signals, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Al-Gburi AJA, Zakaria Z, Rahman NA, A Althuwayb A, Ibrahim IM, Saeidi T, Dayo ZA, Ahmad S. A Miniaturized and Highly Sensitive Microwave Sensor Based on CSRR for Characterization of Liquid Materials. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16093416. [PMID: 37176299 PMCID: PMC10180052 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a miniaturized and highly sensitive microwave sensor based on a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) is proposed for the detection of liquid materials. The modeled sensor was designed based on the CSRR structure with triple rings (TRs) and a curve feed for improved measurement sensitivity. The designed sensor oscillates at a single frequency of 2.5 GHz, which is simulated using an Ansys HFSS simulator. The electromagnetic simulation explains the basis of the mode resonance of all two-port resonators. Five variations of the liquid media under tests (MUTs) are simulated and measured. These liquid MUTs are as follows: without a sample (without a tube), air (empty tube), ethanol, methanol, and distilled water (DI). A detailed sensitivity calculation is performed for the resonance band at 2.5 GHz. The MUTs mechanism is performed with a polypropylene tube (PP). The samples of dielectric material are filled into PP tube channels and loaded into the CSRR center hole; the E-fields around the sensor affect the relationship with the liquid MUTs, resulting in a high Q-factor value. The final sensor has a Q-factor value and sensitivity of 520 and 7.032 (MHz)/εr) at 2.5 GHz, respectively. Due to the high sensitivity of the presented sensor for characterizing various liquid penetrations, the sensor is also of interest for accurate estimations of solute concentrations in liquid media. Finally, the relationship between the permittivity and Q-factor value at the resonant frequency is derived and investigated. These given results make the presented resonator ideal for the characterization of liquid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
- Centre for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology (FTKEE), Malacca 76100, Malaysia
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Centre for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tungal 76100, Malaysia
| | - Norhanani Abd Rahman
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Port Dickson (PPD), Port Dickson 71250, Malaysia
| | - Ayman A Althuwayb
- Electrical Engineering Department, Engineering College, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Mohd Ibrahim
- Centre for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tungal 76100, Malaysia
| | - Tale Saeidi
- Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, İstinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Zaheer Ahmed Dayo
- College of Computer Science, Huanggang Normal University, Huangzhou 438000, China
| | - Sarosh Ahmad
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), 28911 Madrid, Spain
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Al-Gburi AJA, Rahman NA, Zakaria Z, Akbar MF. Realizing the High Q-Factor of a CSIW Microwave Resonator Based on an MDGS for Semisolid Material Characterization. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:922. [PMID: 37241546 PMCID: PMC10220675 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the high-quality factor (Q-factor) and high sensitivity of a circular substrate-integrated waveguide (CSIW) are proposed for the characterization of semisolid materials. The modeled sensor was designed based on the CSIW structure with a mill-shaped defective ground structure (MDGS) to improve measurement sensitivity. The designed sensor oscillates at a single frequency of 2.45 GHz, which was simulated using an Ansys HFSS simulator. Electromagnetic simulation explains the basis of the mode resonance of all two-port resonators. Six variations of the materials under test (SUTs) were simulated and measured, including air (without an SUT), Javanese turmeric, mango ginger, black turmeric, turmeric, and distilled water (DI). A detailed sensitivity calculation was performed for the resonance band at 2.45 GHz. The SUT test mechanism was performed using a polypropylene tube (PP). The samples of dielectric material were filled into the channels of the PP tube and loaded into the center hole of the MDGS. The E-fields around the sensor affect the relationship with the SUTs, resulting in a high Q-factor value. The final sensor had a Q-factor of 700 and a sensitivity of 2.864 at 2.45 GHz. Due to the high sensitivity of the presented sensor for characterization of various semisolid penetrations, the sensor is also of interest for accurate estimation of solute concentration in liquid media. Finally, the relationship between the loss tangent, permittivity, and Q-factor at the resonant frequency were derived and investigated. These results make the presented resonator ideal for the characterization of semisolid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
- Center for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology (FTKEE), Malacca 76100, Malaysia
| | - Norhanani Abd Rahman
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tungal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Port Dickson (PPD), Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan 71250, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Firdaus Akbar
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Seberang Perai 14300, Malaysia
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Al-Gburi AJA, Rahman NA, Zakaria Z, Palandoken M. Detection of Semi-Solid Materials Utilizing Triple-Rings CSRR Microwave Sensor. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23063058. [PMID: 36991769 PMCID: PMC10055870 DOI: 10.3390/s23063058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This article proposes the design, fabrication and measurement of a triple-rings complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) microwave sensor for semi-solid material detection. The triple-rings CSRR sensor was developed based on the CSRR configuration with curve-feed designed together, utilizing a high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) microwave studio. The designed triple rings CSRR sensor resonates at 2.5 GHz, performs in transmission mode, and senses shift in frequency. Six cases of the sample under tests (SUTs) were simulated and measured. These SUTs are Air (without SUT), Java turmeric, Mango ginger, Black Turmeric, Turmeric, and Di-water, and detailed sensitivity analysis is conducted for the frequency resonant at 2.5 GHz. The semi-solid tested mechanism is undertaken using a polypropylene (PP) tube. The samples of dielectric material are filled into PP tube channels and loaded in the CSRR centre hole. The e-fields near the resonator will affect the interaction with the SUTs. The finalized CSRR triple-rings sensor was incorporated with defective ground structure (DGS) to deliver high-performance characteristics in microstrip circuits, leading to a high Q-factor magnitude. The suggested sensor has a Q-factor of 520 at 2.5 GHz with high sensitivity of about 4.806 and 4.773 for Di-water and Turmeric samples, respectively. The relationship between loss tangent, permittivity, and Q-factor at the resonant frequency has been compared and discussed. These given outcomes make the presented sensor ideal for detecting semi-solid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tungal 76100, Malaysia
| | - Norhanani Abd Rahman
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tungal 76100, Malaysia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Port Dickson (PPD), Port Dickson 71250, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tungal 76100, Malaysia
| | - Merih Palandoken
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Izmir Katip Celebi University, 35620 Izmir, Turkey
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Loh ZH, Mohamad S, Gan BC, Zakaria Z, Mohamad I. Thyroid function status evaluation in patient post-radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A retrospective study. Med J Malaysia 2023; 78:197-201. [PMID: 36988530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is among the most common malignancy in Malaysia. Radiationinduced hypothyroidism has been reported in other countries. However, in Malaysia, no studies were ever done to determine the effect of radiation on hypothyroidism. The objective of this study is to evaluate the practice of taking thyroid function test (TFT) and determine hypothyroidism post-radiation in patients with NPC. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study on the symptoms and results of TFT according to the dosage of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) given to patients with NPC. Data were traced and analysed. RESULTS A total of 78 patients were identified. All patients received IMRT with 33-35 fractions of radiotherapy (RT) with total dosage of 66-70 Gray given. Not all patients had their thyroid function status measured routinely. Twelve patients did have symptoms of hypothyroidism. TFT were obtained in this group but the results were normal. No correlation was found between RT and hypothyroidism. CONCLUSION There was no correlation between IMRT and the development of hypothyroidism. A prospective study with better control of inclusion and exclusion criteria, and longer follow-up period with TFT, is needed to demonstrate the consistency of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Loh
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - S Mohamad
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - B C Gan
- Penang General Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Health Campus, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Z Zakaria
- Penang General Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Health Campus, Penang, Malaysia
| | - I Mohamad
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Zerrad FE, Taouzari M, Makroum EM, Aoufi JE, Qanadli SD, Karaaslan M, Al-Gburi AJA, Zakaria Z. Microwave Imaging Approach for Breast Cancer Detection Using a Tapered Slot Antenna Loaded with Parasitic Components. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16041496. [PMID: 36837126 PMCID: PMC9960075 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a wideband antenna is proposed for ultra-wideband microwave imaging applications. The antenna is comprised of a tapered slot ground, a rectangular slotted patch and four star-shaped parasitic components. The added slotted patch is shown to be effective in improving the bandwidth and gain. The proposed antenna system provides a realized gain of 6 dBi, an efficiency of around 80% on the radiation bandwidth, and a wide impedance bandwidth (S11 < -10 dB) of 6.3 GHz (from 3.8 to 10.1 GHz). This supports a true wideband operation. Furthermore, the fidelity factor for face-to-face (FtF) direction is 91.6%, and for side by side (SbS) is 91.2%. This proves the excellent directionality and less signal distortion of the designed antenna. These high figures establish the potential use of the proposed antenna for imaging. A heterogeneous breast phantom with dielectric characteristics identical to actual breast tissue with the presence of tumors was constructed for experimental validation. An antenna array of the proposed antenna element was situated over an artificial breast to collect reflected and transmitted waves for tumor characterization. Finally, an imaging algorithm was used to process the retrieved data to recreate the image in order to detect the undesirable tumor object inside the breast phantom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima-ezzahra Zerrad
- Laboratory IMII, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat 26000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Taouzari
- Laboratory LISA, National School of Applied Sciences, Hassan First University of Settat, Berrechid 26100, Morocco
- Laboratory of Aeronautical & Telecommunication, Mohammed VI, International Academy of Civil Aviation, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - El Mostafa Makroum
- Laboratory IMII, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat 26000, Morocco
| | - Jamal El Aoufi
- Laboratory of Aeronautical & Telecommunication, Mohammed VI, International Academy of Civil Aviation, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - Salah D. Qanadli
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Muharrem Karaaslan
- Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Iskenderun Technical University, 31200 İskenderun, Turkey
| | - Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
- Center for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tungal, Malacca 76100, Malaysia
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Center for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tungal, Malacca 76100, Malaysia
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Al-Gburi AJA, Zakaria Z, Abd Rahman N, Alam S, Said MAM. A Compact and Low-Profile Curve-Feed Complementary Split-Ring Resonator Microwave Sensor for Solid Material Detection. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:mi14020384. [PMID: 36838083 PMCID: PMC9967376 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A compact and low-profile curve-feed complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) microwave sensor for solid material detection is presented in this article. The curve-feed CSRR sensor was developed based on the CSRR configuration with triple rings (TRs) designed together, utilizing a high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) microwave studio. The designed curve-feed CSRR sensor resonates at 2.5 GHz, performs in transmission mode, and senses shift in frequency. Four varieties of the sample under tests (SUTs) were simulated and measured. These SUTs are Air (without SUT), Roger 5880, Roger 4350, FR4, and detailed sensitivity analysis is being performed for the resonant band at 2.5 GHz. The finalized CSRR curve-feed sensor was integrated with defective ground structure (DGS) to deliver high-performance characteristics in microstrip circuits, which leads to a high Q-factor magnitude. The presented curve-feed sensor has a Q-factor of 520 at 2.5 GHz, with high sensitivity of about 1.072. The relationship between loss tangent, permittivity, and Q-factor at the resonant frequency has been compared and discussed. These disseminated outcomes make the suggested sensor ideal for characterizing solid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tungal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tungal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Norhanani Abd Rahman
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Port Dickson (PPD), Port Dickson 71250, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Syah Alam
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tungal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Trisakti, DKI Jakarta 11440, Indonesia
| | - Maizatul Alice Meor Said
- Centre of Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tungal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia
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Abdullah SNI, Ismail MM, Abd Razak J, Zakaria Z, Ab Rashid SR, Mohd Radi NH. Design of triple band antenna for energy harvesting application. Bulletin EEI 2022; 11:2359-2367. [DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i4.3686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Energy harvesting is a fast-expanding topic in many scientific and engineering-related disciplines due to the extreme necessity to discover answers to the world's power challenges. This paper focuses on the design of a novel antenna that will operate at frequencies of 2.45 GHz, 4.5 GHz, and 5.725 GHz. The study shows the improvement of the current triband antenna for energy harvesting applications by varying the antenna parameters. The return loss, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and the radiation pattern for the antenna at all frequencies 2.45 GHz, 4.5 GHz, and 5.725 GHz have been compared in the results. The scope of this project development comprises the antenna design utilizing simulation software, computer simulation technology (CST) 2019 and vector network analyzer (VNA) test instrument for physical testing. During the design process, fundamental antenna characteristics were estimated and validated to determine optimal performance of an antenna for this project.
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Alwareth H, Ibrahim IM, Zakaria Z, Al-Gburi AJA, Ahmed S, Nasser ZA. A Wideband High-Gain Microstrip Array Antenna Integrated with Frequency-Selective Surface for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications. Micromachines 2022; 13:mi13081215. [PMID: 36014136 PMCID: PMC9416536 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a wideband and high-gain rectangular microstrip array antenna with a new frequency-selective surface (FSS) designed as a reflector for the sub-6 5G applications. The proposed antenna is designed to meet the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) standard for 5G in the mid-band (3.5–5 GHz) applications. The designed antenna configuration consists of 1 × 4 rectangular microstrip array antenna with an FSS reflector to produce a semi-stable high radiation gain. The modeled FSS delivered a wide stopband transmission coefficient from 3.3 to 5.6 GHz and promised a linearly declining phase over the mid-band frequencies. An equivalent circuit (EC) model is additionally performed to verify the transmission coefficient of the proposed FSS structure for wideband signal propagation. A low-cost FR-4 substrate material was used to fabricate the antenna prototype. The proposed wideband array antenna with an FSS reflector attained a bandwidth of 2.3 GHz within the operating frequency range of 3.5–5.8 GHz, with a fractional bandwidth of 51.12%. A high gain of 12.4 dBi was obtained at 4.1 GHz with an improvement of 4.4 dBi compared to the antenna alone. The gain variation was only 1.0 dBi during the entire mid-band. The total dimension of the fabricated antenna prototype is 10.32 λo × 4.25 λo ×1.295 λo at a resonance frequency of 4.5 GHz. These results make the presented antenna appropriate for 5G sub-6 GHz applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam Alwareth
- Microwave Research Group (MRG), Centre for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Malaysia; (H.A.); (Z.Z.); (Z.A.N.)
| | - Imran Mohd Ibrahim
- Microwave Research Group (MRG), Centre for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Malaysia; (H.A.); (Z.Z.); (Z.A.N.)
- Correspondence: (I.M.I.); (A.J.A.A.-G.)
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Microwave Research Group (MRG), Centre for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Malaysia; (H.A.); (Z.Z.); (Z.A.N.)
| | - Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
- Microwave Research Group (MRG), Centre for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Malaysia; (H.A.); (Z.Z.); (Z.A.N.)
- Correspondence: (I.M.I.); (A.J.A.A.-G.)
| | - Sharif Ahmed
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University (MMU), Ayer Keroh 75450, Malaysia;
| | - Zayed A. Nasser
- Microwave Research Group (MRG), Centre for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Malaysia; (H.A.); (Z.Z.); (Z.A.N.)
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Rahman NA, Zakaria Z, Rahim RA, Alahnomi RA, Al-Gburi AJA, Alhegazi A, Rashid WNA, Bahar AAM. Liquid Permittivity Sensing Using Teeth Gear-Circular Substrate Integrated Waveguide. IEEE Sensors J 2022; 22:11690-11697. [DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2022.3166561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Norhanani Abd Rahman
- Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation, Faculty of Electronic Engineering and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation, Faculty of Electronic Engineering and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Rosemizi Abd Rahim
- School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Rammah A. Alahnomi
- Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation, Faculty of Electronic Engineering and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
- Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation, Faculty of Electronic Engineering and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Ammar Alhegazi
- Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation, Faculty of Electronic Engineering and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Wan Norhisyam Abd Rashid
- Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation, Faculty of Electronic Engineering and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Amyrul Azuan Mohd Bahar
- Intel Microelectronics, Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone, Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Bekbayeva L, Zakaria Z, Negim ES, Al Azzam K, Yeligbayeva G. The effect of mixed fertilizers on the vegetative growth and reproductive characteristics of tomatoes (L. esculentum Mill). ijbch 2022. [DOI: 10.26577/ijbch.2022.v15.i1.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Alani S, Zakaria Z, Saeidi T, Ahmad A, Imran MA, Abbasi QH. Microwave Imaging of Breast Skin Utilizing Elliptical UWB Antenna and Reverse Problems Algorithm. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:647. [PMID: 34073105 PMCID: PMC8229570 DOI: 10.3390/mi12060647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Skin cancer is one of the most widespread and fast growing of all kinds of cancer since it affects the human body easily due to exposure to the Sun's rays. Microwave imaging has shown better outcomes with higher resolution, faster processing time, mobility, and less cutter and artifact effects. A miniaturized elliptical ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna and its semi-spherical array arrangement were used for signal transmission and reception from the defected locations in the breast skin. Several conditions such as various arrays of three, six, and nine antenna elements, smaller tumor, multi-tumors, and skin on a larger breast sample of 30 cm were considered. To assess the ability of the system, a breast shape container with a diameter of 130 mm and height of 60 mm was 3D printed and then filled with fabricated skin and breast fat to perform the experimental investigation. An improved modified time-reversal algorithm (IMTR) was used to recreate 2D images of tumors with the smallest radius of 1.75 mm in any location within the breast skin. The reconstructed images using both simulated and experimental data verified that the system can be a reliable imaging system for skin cancer diagnosis having a high structural similarity index and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Alani
- Center for Advanced Computing Technolgy (C-ACT), Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia;
| | - Zahriladha Zakaria
- Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia
| | - Tale Saeidi
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department of Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Asmala Ahmad
- Center for Advanced Computing Technolgy (C-ACT), Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia;
| | - Muhammad Ali Imran
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; (M.A.I.); (Q.H.A.)
| | - Qammer H. Abbasi
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; (M.A.I.); (Q.H.A.)
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center (AIRC), Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
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Alahnomi RA, Zakaria Z, Meor Said MA, Yussof ZM, Alhegazi A, Alsariera H, Rahman NA. Enhanced T-Resonator with Blazed Grating for Accurate Powder Material Characterization. 2020 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference (RFM) 2020. [DOI: 10.1109/rfm50841.2020.9344733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Zakaria Z, Aziz MA, Ishak N, Suppiah S, Bradley D, Noor NM. Advanced thermoluminescence dosimetric characterization of fabricated Ge-Doped optical fibres (FGDOFs) for electron beams dosimetry. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Zakaria Z, Bekbayeva L, Negim E. Effects of blended polyvinyl alcohol/urea on the growth, yield and chemical content of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. Mill). ijbch 2020. [DOI: 10.26577/ijbch.2020.v13.i2.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zakaria Z, Alahnomi RA, Mohd Yussof Z, Alhegazi A, Mohd Bahar AA, Abd Rahman N. Contracted Microwave T-resonator for Permittivity Sensing Applications. 2019 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE) 2019. [DOI: 10.1109/apace47377.2019.9021062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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20
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Rahman NA, Zakaria Z, Rahim RA, Azize AM, Alhegazil A, Alahnomi RA. Analysis of Circular Substrate Integrated Waveguide for Permittivity of Zingiberaceace Family at 2.45GHz. 2019 IEEE International Conference on Sensors and Nanotechnology 2019. [DOI: 10.1109/sensorsnano44414.2019.8940084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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21
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Zakaria Z, Mohamad M, Noh Abd Majid M, Ulfa Abdul Aziz N, Mat Rashid K. The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction on Employee Loyalty: A Case Study of a Developer Company in Malaysia. KSS 2019; 3:1018. [DOI: 10.18502/kss.v3i13.4264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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22
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Zakaria Z, Kamarudin SK, Timmiati SN. Influence of Graphene Oxide on the Ethanol Permeability and Ionic Conductivity of QPVA-Based Membrane in Passive Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells. Nanoscale Res Lett 2019; 14:28. [PMID: 30659414 PMCID: PMC6338673 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2836-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Passive alkaline-direct ethanol fuel cells (alkaline-DEFCs) appear to be suitable for producing sustainable energy for portable devices. However, ethanol crossover is a major challenge for passive alkaline-DEFC systems. This study investigated the performance of a crosslinked quaternized poly (vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (QPVA/GO) composite membrane to reduce ethanol permeability, leading in enhancement of passive alkaline-DEFC performance. The chemical and physical structure, morphology, ethanol uptake and permeability, ion exchange capacity, water uptake, and ionic conductivity of the composite membranes were characterized and measured to evaluate their applicability in fuel cells. The transport properties of the membrane were affected by GO loading, with an optimal loading of 15 wt.% and doped with 1 M of KOH showing the lowest ethanol permeability (1.49 × 10-7 cm2 s-1 and 3.65 × 10-7 cm2 s-1 at 30 °C and 60 °C, respectively) and the highest ionic conductivity (1.74 × 10-2 S cm-1 and 6.24 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 30 °C and 60 °C, respectively). In the passive alkaline-DEFCs, the maximum power density was 9.1 mW cm-2, which is higher than commercial Nafion 117/KOH (7.68 mW cm-2) at 30 °C with a 2 M ethanol + 2 M KOH solution. For the 60 °C, the maximum power density of composite membrane achieved was 11.4 mW cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Zakaria
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - S. K. Kamarudin
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - S. N. Timmiati
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
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Zakaria Z, Kamarudin SK. Performance of quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol)‐based electrolyte membrane in passive alkaline DEFCs application: RSM optimization approach. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Zakaria
- Fuel Cell InstituteUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - S. K. Kamarudin
- Fuel Cell InstituteUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia
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Abd Aziz M, Zakaria Z, Ibrahim M, Idroas M. Imaging of pipeline irregularities using a PIG system based on reflection mode ultrasonic sensors. IJOGCT 2019; 20:212. [DOI: 10.1504/ijogct.2019.10018663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Inelova Z, Nesterova S, Zakaria Z, Zaparina Y, Sayakhmet A. Systematic analysis of flora of Atyrau city. ijbch 2019. [DOI: 10.26577/ijbch-2019-v2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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26
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Inelova Z, Nesterova S, Zakaria Z, Zaparina Y, Sayakhmet A. Systematic analysis of flora of Atyrau city. Int j biol chem 2019. [DOI: 10.26577/ijbch-2019-i2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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27
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Idroas M, Aziz MA, Zakaria Z, Ibrahim M. Imaging of pipeline irregularities using a PIG system based on reflection mode ultrasonic sensors. IJOGCT 2019; 20:212. [DOI: 10.1504/ijogct.2019.097449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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28
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Nornikman H, Ahmad BH, Zakaria Z, Abd Aziz MZA, Ismail MK, Siang CS. Tri-polarized Patch Antenna with X-Shaped Element for Wireless LAN MIMO System. 2018 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference (RFM) 2018. [DOI: 10.1109/rfm.2018.8846472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Nornikman H, Ahmad BH, Zakaria Z, S Ramlee NE, Abd Aziz MZA, Ismail MK. Multiband Minkowski Fractal Patch Antenna with Rhombic SRR for Wireless LAN and WiMAX Applications. 2018 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference (RFM) 2018. [DOI: 10.1109/rfm.2018.8846542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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30
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Hambali IU, Abdullah FFJB, Bhutto KR, Mohd Azmi ML, Wahid AH, Zakaria Z, Odhah MN, Arsalan M, Muhammad NA, Jefri MN. Periodic vicissitudes of different concentrations of a developed prototype killed S. aureus mastitis vaccine on immune modulators, mediators and immunoglobulins in cows. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 51:781-789. [PMID: 30449009 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1755-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary gland due to microbial infiltration causing a reduced mammary function. This study aims at developing a vaccine using Malaysian local isolate of Staphylococcus aureus and evaluating serum amyloid A, Interleukin-10, IgM and IgG responses periodically. Four bacterin concentrations (106, 107, 108 and 109 cfu/ml of the local isolate of S. aureus) were adjuvanted with aluminium potassium sulphate. Thirty cows grouped into 4 treatment groups (G-) were vaccinated (2 ml) intramuscularly, with a fifth G-A as control. The mean concentration (MC) of serum amyloid A (SAA) was significantly different (sig-d) (p ˂ 0.05) in G-D at 0 h post vaccination (PV), 3 h PV, 24 h PV, weeks 1, 2, 3 and 4 PV (6-, 15-, 5-, 12-, 11-, 4- and 11-fold increased (FI) respectively). The MC of serum amyloid A was also sig-d in G-E at 0 h PV, weeks 1, 2 and 4 PV (3, 8, 5 and 8 FI respectively). The MC of IL-10 was sig-d in G-D and C at 3 h PV and week 2 PV (5 and 2 FI respectively). The IgM MC was sig-d in G-B and C at 3 h PV (5 and 6 FI respectively), at 24 h PV (5 and 9 FI respectively), at week 3 PV(2 and 2 FI respectively) and week 4 PV (3 and 4 FI respectively). The MC of IgG was sig-d in G-E at 0 h, 3 h and week 3 PV(5, 6 and 2 FI respectively) and in G-D at weeks 1-4 (3, 3, 3 and 5 FI respectively). In conclusion, elevated levels of SAA, IgG and IL-10 in G-D(108) informed our choice of best dosage which can be used to evoke immunity in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris Umar Hambali
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Department of Veterinary Public health and Preventive Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, 600233, Nigeria.
| | - Faez Firdaus Jesse Bin Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Research Centre for Ruminant Disease, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - K R Bhutto
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Directorate of Veterinary Research and Diagnosis, Livestock and Fisheries Department, Sindh, 70050, Pakistan
| | - M L Mohd Azmi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A H Wahid
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z Zakaria
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M N Odhah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, 39, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - M Arsalan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Directorate of Animal Health, Livestock and Dairy Development Department Baluchistan, Lahore, 87300, Pakistan
| | - N A Muhammad
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Science Lahore, Lahore, 54500, Pakistan
| | - M N Jefri
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Yusuf A, Rahman A, Zakaria Z, Wahab Z, Kumar S. Assessment of variability pattern of flesh color in ‘Harumanis’ mango (Mangifera indica L.) from diverse Perlis geographical origin. Food Res 2018. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.2(6).108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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32
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Zakaria Z, Kamarudin SK, Timmiati SN, Masdar MS. New composite membrane poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide for direct ethanol-proton exchange membrane fuel cell. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Zakaria
- Fuel Cell Institute; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - S. K. Kamarudin
- Fuel Cell Institute; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - S. N. Timmiati
- Fuel Cell Institute; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - M. S. Masdar
- Fuel Cell Institute; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor Malaysia
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33
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Hambali IU, Bhutto KR, Jesse FFA, Lawan A, Odhah MN, Wahid AH, Azmi MLM, Zakaria Z, Arsalan M, Muhammad NA, Jefri MN. Clinical responses in cows vaccinated with a developed prototype killed Staphylococcus aureus mastitis vaccine. Microb Pathog 2018; 124:101-105. [PMID: 30114463 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the udder that occurs as a result of the release of leucocytes into the udder in a response to bacterial invasion. The major causes of mastitis are an array of gram positive and negative bacteria, however, algae, virus, fungi, mechanical or thermal injury to the gland have also been identified as possible causes. Mastitis vaccines are yet to be developed using Malaysian local isolate of bacteria. The objective of the present experimental trial was to develop a monovalent vaccine against mastitis using S. aureus of Malaysian isolate and to evaluate the clinical responses such as temperature, respiratory rates and heart rates in vaccinated cows. S. aureus is a major causative bacteria in clinical and subclinical types of mastitis in cows. Four concentrations of the bacterin (106, 107, 108 and 109 cfu/ml of the local isolate of S. aureus) were prepared using Aluminium potassium sulfate adjuvant. Thirty cows were grouped into four treatment groups (B, C, D and E) with a fifth group as control (A). These groups were vaccinated intramuscularly(IM) with the prepared monovalent vaccine and its influence on the vital signs were intermittently measured. The mean of rectal temperature was significantly different (p˂ 0.05) at 0hr Post Vaccination [1]" in groups D and E (39.5 ± 0.15 °C and 39.4 ± 0.15 °C respectively) and at 3 h PV in groups C, D and E (39.8 ± 0.14 °C, 39.9 ± 0.14 °C and 40.3 ± 0.14 °C respectively) compared to the control group. This indicated a sharp increased rectal temperatures between 0hr and 3 h PV in groups C, D and E which later declined at 24 h PV. The mean of rectal temperature of group E was significantly different (p˂ 0.05) at weeks 1 and 2 PV (39.87 ± 0.19 °C and 39.80 ± 0.18 °C respectively) compared to the control group. The mean of heart rate was significantly different (p˂ 0.05) at week 1 PV in groups D and E (83.0 ± 3.8 beats/minute and 80.0 ± 3.8 °C respectively) compared to control. A trending decrease was however observed in heart rates of group E from weeks through 4 PV and in group D from weeks 1 through 3 PV. The mean of respiratory rates was significantly different (p˂ 0.05) at week 3 PV in group B and D (31.0 ± 1.2 breaths/minute and 28.0 ± 1.2 breaths/minute) compared to control. In conclusion, this study highlights responses of these vital signs due to vaccination against S. aureus causing mastitis in cows. To the best of our knowledge the findings of this study adds value to the shallow literature on vital signs alterations in cows vaccinated against mastitis as elevated levels of temperature and heart rates of group D and E indicated obvious response.
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Affiliation(s)
- I U Hambali
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Veterinary Public health and Preventive Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600233, Nigeria.
| | - K R Bhutto
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Directorate of Veterinary Research and Diagnosis, Livestock and Fisheries Department, 70050, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - F F A Jesse
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre for Ruminant Disease, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - A Lawan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600233, Nigeria
| | - M N Odhah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, 39, Yemen
| | - A H Wahid
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M L Mohd Azmi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z Zakaria
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M Arsalan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Directorate of Animal Health, Livestock and Dairy Development Department Baluchistan, 87300, Pakistan
| | - N A Muhammad
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Science Lahore, 54500, Pakistan
| | - M N Jefri
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Bahar AAM, Zakaria Z, Isa AAM, Alahnomi RA, Rahman NA. Complex Permittivity Measurement Based on Planar Microfluidic Resonator Sensor. 2018 18th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics (ANTEM) 2018. [DOI: 10.1109/antem.2018.8572934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Alahnomi R, Abd Hamid NB, Zakaria Z, Sutikno T, Mohd Bahar AA. Microwave Planar Sensor for Permittivity Determination of Dielectric Materials. IJEECS 2018; 11:362. [DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i1.pp362-371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
<p>This paper presents a single port rectangular ring resonator sensor for material characterizations. The proposed sensor is designed at operating resonance frequency of 4 GHz. The sensor consists of micro-strip transmission line and ring resonator with applying the enhancement method to the coupling gaps. The using of enhancement method is to improve the return loss of the sensor and sensitivity in terms of Q-factor, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed sensor is designed and fabricated on Roger 5880 substrate. Standard materials with known permittivity have been used in order to validate the sensor’s sensitivity. Based on the results, the percentage of error for the proposed rectangular sensor is 0.2% to 8%. It can be demonstrated that the proposed sensor will be useful for various applications such as medicine, bio-sensing and food industry.</p>
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Hussain M, Zakaria Z, Rizman Z, Yasin M. Power loss estimation due to difference transformer tap changer position at interface. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i3s.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Mohd Abd Majid H, Ahmad Sharif S, Sulong S, Omar M, Syed Yassin S, Raju R, Zakaria Z, Zakaria F. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) future development: a comprehensive review on customer retention programme in retaining customer loyalty. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i5s.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Zakaria Z, Abdul Majid M, Ahmad Z, Jusoh Z, Zakaria N. Influence of Halal certification on customers’ purchase intention. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i5s.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Shahidan N, Salleh N, Zakaria Z, Rois Anwar N. Glycemic index of chocolate fortified with pumpkin (<i>Cucurbita moshata</i>) and taro (<i>Colocasia esculenta</i>) powder and its effect on mood and cognitive functions of female students. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i2s.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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40
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Fuad A, Anwar N, Zakaria A, Shahidan N, Zakaria Z. Physicochemical characteristics of Malaysian honeys influenced by storage time and temperature. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i2s.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Alahnomi RA, Zakaria Z, Ruslan E, Ab Rashid SR, Mohd Bahar AA, Shaaban A. Microwave bio-sensor based on symmetrical split ring resonator with spurline filters for therapeutic goods detection. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185122. [PMID: 28934301 PMCID: PMC5608324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel symmetrical split ring resonator (SSRR) based microwave sensor with spurline filters for detecting and characterizing the properties of solid materials has been developed. Due to the weak perturbation in the interaction of material under test (MUT) and planar microwave sensor, spurline filters were embedded to the SSRR microwave sensor which effectively enhanced Q-factor with suppressing the undesired harmonic frequency. The spurline filter structures force the presented sensor to resonate at a fundamental frequency of 2.2 GHz with the capabilities of suppressing rejected harmonic frequency and miniaturization in circuit size. A wide bandwidth rejection is achieved by using double spurlines filters with high Q-factor achievement (up to 652.94) compared to single spurline filter. The new SSRR sensor with spurline filters displayed desired properties such as high sensitivity, accuracy, and performance with a 1.3% typical percentage error in the measurement results. Furthermore, the sensor has been successfully applied for detecting and characterizing solid materials (such as Roger 5880, Roger 4350, and FR4) and evidently demonstrated that it can suppress the harmonic frequency effectively. This novel design with harmonic suppression is useful for various applications such as food industry (meat, fruit, vegetables), biological medicine (derived from proteins and other substances produced by the body), and Therapeutic goods (antiseptics, vitamins, anti-psychotics, and other medicines).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rammah A. Alahnomi
- Center for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (RA); (ZZ)
| | - Z. Zakaria
- Center for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (RA); (ZZ)
| | - E. Ruslan
- Faculty of Technology Engineering (FTK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - S. R. Ab Rashid
- Center for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Amyrul Azuan Mohd Bahar
- Center for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Azizah Shaaban
- Department of Engineering Materials, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
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Abd Rahman N, Zakaria Z, Abd Rahim R, Dasril Y, Mohd Bahar AA. Planar Microwave Sensors for Accurate Measurement of Material Characterization: A Review. TELKOMNIKA 2017; 15:1108. [DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v15i3.6684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Ali EZ, Yakob Y, Md Desa N, Ishak T, Zakaria Z, Ngu LK, Keng WT. Molecular analysis of fragile X syndrome (FXS) among Malaysian patients with developmental disability. Malays J Pathol 2017; 39:99-106. [PMID: 28866690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder commonly found worldwide, caused by the silencing of fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene on the X-chromosome. Most of the patients lost FMR1 function due to an expansion of cytosine-guanine-guanine (CGG) repeat at the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of the gene. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of FXS and characterize the FMR1 gene CGG repeats distribution among children with developmental disability in Malaysia. Genomic DNA of 2201 samples from different ethnicities (Malays, Chinese, Indian and others) of both genders were PCR-amplified from peripheral blood leukocytes based on specific primers at 5'UTR of FMR1 gene. Full mutations and mosaics were successfully identified by triple methylation specific PCR (ms-PCR) and subsequently verified with FragilEase kit. The findings revealed for the first time the prevalence of FXS full mutation in children with developmental disability in Malaysia was 3.5%, a slightly higher figure as compared to other countries. Molecular investigation also identified 0.2% and 0.4% probands have permutation and intermediate alleles, respectively. The CGG repeats length observation showed 95% of patients had normal alleles within 11 to 44 CGG repeats; with 29 repeats found most common among Malays and Indians while 28 repeats were most common among Chinese. In conclusion, this is the first report of prevalence and characterisation of CGG repeats that reflects genetic variability among Malaysian ethnic grouping.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Z Ali
- Institute for Medical Research, Specialised Diagnostic Centre, Molecular Diagnostics and Protein Unit, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Shuib S, Saaid NN, Zakaria Z, Ismail J, Abdul Latiff Z. Duplication 17p11.2 (Potocki-Lupski Syndrome) in a child with developmental delay. Malays J Pathol 2017; 39:77-81. [PMID: 28413209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Potocki-Lupski syndrome (PTLS), also known as duplication 17p11.2 syndrome, trisomy 17p11.2 or dup(17)(p11.2p11.2) syndrome, is a developmental disorder and a rare contiguous gene syndrome affecting 1 in 20,000 live births. Among the key features of such patients are autism spectrum disorder, learning disabilities, developmental delay, attention-deficit disorder, infantile hypotonia and cardiovascular abnormalities. Previous studies using microarray identified variations in the size and extent of the duplicated region of chromosome 17p11.2. However, there are a few genes which are considered as candidates for PTLS which include RAI1, SREBF1, DRG2, LLGL1, SHMT1 and ZFP179. In this report, we investigated a case of a 3-year-old girl who has developmental delay. Her chromosome analysis showed a normal karyotype (46,XX). Analysis using array CGH (4X44 K, Agilent USA) identified an ~4.2 Mb de novo duplication in chromosome 17p11.2. The result was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using probes in the critical PTLS region. This report demonstrates the importance of microarray and FISH in the diagnosis of PTLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shuib
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Department of Pathology, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Zak J, Vives V, Szumska D, Vernet A, Schneider JE, Miller P, Slee EA, Joss S, Lacassie Y, Chen E, Escobar LF, Tucker M, Aylsworth AS, Dubbs HA, Collins AT, Andrieux J, Dieux-Coeslier A, Haberlandt E, Kotzot D, Scott DA, Parker MJ, Zakaria Z, Choy YS, Wieczorek D, Innes AM, Jun KR, Zinner S, Prin F, Lygate CA, Pretorius P, Rosenfeld JA, Mohun TJ, Lu X. ASPP2 deficiency causes features of 1q41q42 microdeletion syndrome. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1973-1984. [PMID: 27447114 PMCID: PMC5136487 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal abnormalities are implicated in a substantial number of human developmental syndromes, but for many such disorders little is known about the causative genes. The recently described 1q41q42 microdeletion syndrome is characterized by characteristic dysmorphic features, intellectual disability and brain morphological abnormalities, but the precise genetic basis for these abnormalities remains unknown. Here, our detailed analysis of the genetic abnormalities of 1q41q42 microdeletion cases identified TP53BP2, which encodes apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 2 (ASPP2), as a candidate gene for brain abnormalities. Consistent with this, Trp53bp2-deficient mice show dilation of lateral ventricles resembling the phenotype of 1q41q42 microdeletion patients. Trp53bp2 deficiency causes 100% neonatal lethality in the C57BL/6 background associated with a high incidence of neural tube defects and a range of developmental abnormalities such as congenital heart defects, coloboma, microphthalmia, urogenital and craniofacial abnormalities. Interestingly, abnormalities show a high degree of overlap with 1q41q42 microdeletion-associated abnormalities. These findings identify TP53BP2 as a strong candidate causative gene for central nervous system (CNS) defects in 1q41q42 microdeletion syndrome, and open new avenues for investigation of the mechanisms underlying CNS abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zak
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - V Vives
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - D Szumska
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - A Vernet
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - J E Schneider
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - P Miller
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - E A Slee
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - S Joss
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital Glasgow, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Y Lacassie
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
- Genetics Services, Children's Hospital New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - E Chen
- Kaiser Permanente, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - L F Escobar
- St Vincent Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, IN 46260, USA
| | - M Tucker
- St Vincent Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, IN 46260, USA
| | - A S Aylsworth
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - H A Dubbs
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - A T Collins
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - J Andrieux
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU de Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | | | - E Haberlandt
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - D Kotzot
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - D A Scott
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M J Parker
- Sheffield Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TH, UK
| | - Z Zakaria
- Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Pahang 50588, Malaysia
| | - Y S Choy
- Prince Court Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 50450, Malaysia
| | - D Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Clinic Essen, Duisburg-Essen University, Essen 45122, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Clinic, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - A M Innes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T3B 6A8
| | - K R Jun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Haeundae-gu, Busan, Korea
| | - S Zinner
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - F Prin
- The Francis Crick Institute Mill Hill Laboratory, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - C A Lygate
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - P Pretorius
- Department of Neuroradiology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - J A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - T J Mohun
- The Francis Crick Institute Mill Hill Laboratory, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - X Lu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
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Mamidi MK, Das AK, Zakaria Z, Bhonde R. Mesenchymal stromal cells for cartilage repair in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:1307-16. [PMID: 26973328 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Treatment for articular cartilage damage is quite challenging as it shows limited repair and regeneration following injury. Non-operative and classical surgical techniques are inefficient in restoring normal anatomy and function of cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA). Thus, investigating new and effective strategies for OA are necessary to establish feasible therapeutic solutions. The emergence of the new discipline of regenerative medicine, having cell-based therapy as its primary focus, may enable us to achieve repair and restore the damaged articular cartilage. This review describes progress and development of employing mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy as a promising alternative for OA treatment. The objective of this review is to first, discuss how in vitro MSC chondrogenic differentiation mimics in vivo embryonic cartilage development, secondly, to describe various chondrogenic differentiation strategies followed by pre-clinical and clinical studies demonstrating their feasibility and efficacy. However, several challenges need to be tackled before this research can be translated to the clinics. In particular, better understanding of the post-transplanted cell behaviour and learning to enhance their potency in the disease microenvironment is essential. Final objective is to underscore the importance of isolation, storage, cell shipment, route of administration, optimum dosage and control batch to batch variations to realise the full potential of MSCs in OA clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Mamidi
- School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - A K Das
- Department of Surgery, Taylor's University School of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z Zakaria
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Bhonde
- School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore 560065, India.
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Wong YP, Abdul Raub SH, Mohd Dali AZH, Kassim F, Visvalingam V, Zakaria Z, Kamaluddin MA, Noor Akmal S. P16INK4a: a potential diagnostic adjunct for prediction of high-grade cervical lesions in liquid-based cytology: with HPV testing and histological correlation. Malays J Pathol 2016; 38:93-101. [PMID: 27568665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary cause of cervical cancer and its precursors. Increased expression of high-risk hrHPV viral oncogenes in abnormal cells might increase the expression of p16INK4a. We aimed to determine the role of p16INK4a in detecting hrHPV-transformed epithelial cells in liquid-based cervical cytology, and compared the results with hrHPV DNA testing by realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Fifty-seven cytological samples were tested for p16INK4a immunomarker and hrHPV DNA. Test performance of both tests was determined by comparing sensitivity, specificity and predictive values using available histological follow-up data as gold standard. Of 57 samples, 36 (63.2%) showed immunoreactivity for p16INK4a and 43 (75.4%) were hrHPV-infected. A fairly low concordance rate (k = 0.504) between p16INK4a immunolabelling and hrHPV DNA status was noted. For prediction of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) II and worse lesions, p16INK4a had a sensitivity and specificity of 93.5% and 60%; whereas hrHPV DNA testing had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 20%. Dual testing by combining p16INK4a and hrHPV showed sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 33.3%. In conclusion, p16INK4a is useful in predicting severity of the cytological abnormalities. Although p16INK4a is more specific but less sensitive than hrHPV in detecting high-grade cervical lesions, a combination of both tests failed to demonstrate significant improvement in diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and predictive value. Larger-scale prospective studies are required to assess further whether this biomarker should be routinely used as primary screening tool independently or in combination with hrHPV testing to improve diagnostic accuracy in cervical cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Wong
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Zakaria Z, Tivnan A, Flanagan L, Murray DW, Salvucci M, Stringer BW, Day BW, Boyd AW, Kögel D, Rehm M, O'Brien DF, Byrne AT, Prehn JHM. Patient-derived glioblastoma cells show significant heterogeneity in treatment responses to the inhibitor-of-apoptosis-protein antagonist birinapant. Br J Cancer 2015; 114:188-98. [PMID: 26657652 PMCID: PMC4815807 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) greatly limits chemotherapeutic effectiveness in glioblastoma (GBM). Here we analysed the ability of the Inhibitor-of-apoptosis-protein (IAP) antagonist birinapant to enhance treatment responses to TMZ in both commercially available and patient-derived GBM cells. Methods: Responses to TMZ and birinapant were analysed in a panel of commercial and patient-derived GBM cell lines using colorimetric viability assays, flow cytometry, morphological analysis and protein expression profiling of pro- and antiapoptotic proteins. Responses in vivo were analysed in an orthotopic xenograft GBM model. Results: Single-agent treatment experiments categorised GBM cells into TMZ-sensitive cells, birinapant-sensitive cells, and cells that were insensitive to either treatment. Combination treatment allowed sensitisation to therapy in only a subset of resistant GBM cells. Cell death analysis identified three principal response patterns: Type A cells that readily activated caspase-8 and cell death in response to TMZ while addition of birinapant further sensitised the cells to TMZ-induced cell death; Type B cells that readily activated caspase-8 and cell death in response to birinapant but did not show further sensitisation with TMZ; and Type C cells that showed no significant cell death or moderately enhanced cell death in the combined treatment paradigm. Furthermore, in vivo, a Type C patient-derived cell line that was TMZ-insensitive in vitro and showed a strong sensitivity to TMZ and TMZ plus birinapant treatments. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate remarkable differences in responses of patient-derived GBM cells to birinapant single and combination treatments, and suggest that therapeutic responses in vivo may be greatly affected by the tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zakaria
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,National Centre for Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - A Tivnan
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - L Flanagan
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - D W Murray
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - M Salvucci
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - B W Stringer
- Brain Cancer Research Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - B W Day
- Brain Cancer Research Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - A W Boyd
- Brain Cancer Research Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - D Kögel
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Rehm
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - D F O'Brien
- National Centre for Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - A T Byrne
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - J H M Prehn
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Abatcha MG, Zakaria Z, Gurmeet KD, Thong KT. Antibiograms, Resistance Genes, Class I Integrons and PFGE profiles of Zoonotic Salmonella in Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2015; 32:573-586. [PMID: 33557447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella infections occur worldwide, in both developed and developing countries, and a major contributor to morbidity and economic costs. A total of 32 Salmonella isolates isolated from dogs (n=15/162), cats (n=1/126) and snakes (n=16/42) in the Klang valley, Peninsular Malaysia during 2012-2013, were used in this study and 6 serovars were identified. The isolates were then characterized for their susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobial agents using the standard disk diffusion method. The presence of relevant resistance genes and class 1 integrons were investigated by using PCR. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was carried out to determine the genetic diversity of these Salmonella strains. Higher resistance rates were observed for tetracycline (40.6%), nalidixic acid (21.9%), sulphamethazole-trimethoprim (18.7%), ampicillin (18.7%) followed by chloramphenicol (15.6%), streptomycin (6.25%), enrofloxacin (12.5%), cephalexin (6.25%), cephalothin (6.25%) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (3.12%). Nine percent (3/32) presented a single type of resistance, 6% (2/32) showed resistance to two classes of antimicrobials and 34% (11/32) were multidrugresistant (MDR) (resistant to 3 or more antimicrobials). Analysis of the carriage of resistance genes in the isolates revealed that seven (blaTEM-1, strA, strB, sulII, dfrhI, tetA, and cmlA) out of 10 resistance genes were present. Classes 1 integrons were present in 68.75% (11/16) of the resistance strains. PFGE analysis showed that the strains were very diverse and certain PFGE pattern clusters correlated well with antimicrobial resistance phenotypes. In conclusion, high rates of multidrug resistance were found among the dogs Salmonella strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Abatcha
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z Zakaria
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - K D Gurmeet
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - K T Thong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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