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Lahari Z, van Boerdonk S, Omoboye OO, Reichelt M, Höfte M, Gershenzon J, Gheysen G, Ullah C. Strigolactone deficiency induces jasmonate, sugar and flavonoid phytoalexin accumulation enhancing rice defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae. New Phytol 2024; 241:827-844. [PMID: 37974472 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are carotenoid-derived phytohormones that regulate plant growth and development. While root-secreted SLs are well-known to facilitate plant symbiosis with beneficial microbes, the role of SLs in plant interactions with pathogenic microbes remains largely unexplored. Using genetic and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae (syn. Magnaporthe oryzae). We found that SL biosynthesis and perception mutants, and wild-type (WT) plants after chemical inhibition of SLs, were less susceptible to P. oryzae. Strigolactone deficiency also resulted in a higher accumulation of jasmonates, soluble sugars and flavonoid phytoalexins in rice leaves. Likewise, in response to P. oryzae infection, SL signaling was downregulated, while jasmonate and sugar content increased markedly. The jar1 mutant unable to synthesize jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine, and the coi1-18 RNAi line perturbed in jasmonate signaling, both accumulated lower levels of sugars. However, when WT seedlings were sprayed with glucose or sucrose, jasmonate accumulation increased, suggesting a reciprocal positive interplay between jasmonates and sugars. Finally, we showed that functional jasmonate signaling is necessary for SL deficiency to induce rice defense against P. oryzae. We conclude that a reduction in rice SL content reduces P. oryzae susceptibility by activating jasmonate and sugar signaling pathways, and flavonoid phytoalexin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zobaida Lahari
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Sarah van Boerdonk
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
| | - Olumide Owolabi Omoboye
- Department of Plants and Crops, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 220005, Nigeria
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
| | - Monica Höfte
- Department of Plants and Crops, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
| | | | - Chhana Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
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Lahari Z, Nkurunziza R, Bauters L, Gheysen G. Analysis of Asian Rice ( Oryza sativa) Genotypes Reveals a New Source of Resistance to the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica and the Root-Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus zeae. Phytopathology 2020; 110:1572-1577. [PMID: 32314949 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-19-0433-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sedentary root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., and the migratory root-lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus spp., cause significant yield losses, particularly in aerobic and upland rice production systems. Recently, the Asian rice Oryza sativa accessions LD 24 and Khao Pahk Maw (KPM) were shown to be highly resistant to M. graminicola. In this study, we have analyzed the responses and broadness of resistance of these two rice genotypes to another root-knot nematode M. javanica and a root-lesion nematode P. zeae. The penetration as well as post-penetration development and reproduction of nematodes were compared including known susceptible and resistant genotypes. Our results indicate that the genotype KPM confers strong resistance to both M. javanica and P. zeae, while LD 24 was resistant to M. javanica and susceptible to P. zeae. Detailed observations revealed that similar numbers of M. javanica or P. zeae penetrated the resistant and susceptible hosts during early infection stages. However, the development and reproduction of both nematodes were arrested or reduced in resistant genotypes, implying that resistance occurs at the post-penetration stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zobaida Lahari
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Lander Bauters
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Lahari Z, Ullah C, Kyndt T, Gershenzon J, Gheysen G. Strigolactones enhance root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) infection in rice by antagonizing the jasmonate pathway. New Phytol 2019; 224:454-465. [PMID: 31125438 PMCID: PMC6852604 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are carotenoid-derived plant hormones that also act in the rhizosphere to stimulate germination of root-parasitic plants and enhance plant symbiosis with beneficial microbes. Here, the role of SLs was investigated in the interaction of rice (Oryza sativa) roots with the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola. Genetic approaches and chemical sprays were used to manipulate SL signaling in rice before infection with M. graminicola. Then, nematode performance was evaluated and plant defense hormones were quantified. Meloidogyne graminicola infection induced SL biosynthesis and signaling and suppressed jasmonic acid (JA)-based defense in rice roots, suggesting a potential role of SLs during nematode infection. Whereas the application of a low dose of the SL analogue GR24 increased nematode infection and decreased jasmonate accumulation, the SL biosynthesis and signaling d mutants were less susceptible to M. graminicola, and constitutively accumulated JA and JA-isoleucine compared with wild-type plants. Spraying with 0.1 μM GR24 restored nematode susceptibility in SL-biosynthesis mutants but not in the signaling mutant. Furthermore, foliar application of the SL biosynthesis inhibitor TIS108 impeded nematode infection and increased jasmonate levels in rice roots. In conclusion, SL signaling in rice suppresses jasmonate accumulation and promotes root-knot nematode infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zobaida Lahari
- Department of BiotechnologyGhent UniversityGhent9000Belgium
| | - Chhana Ullah
- Department of BiochemistryMax Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJena07745Germany
| | - Tina Kyndt
- Department of BiotechnologyGhent UniversityGhent9000Belgium
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of BiochemistryMax Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJena07745Germany
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Lahari Z, Ribeiro A, Talukdar P, Martin B, Heidari Z, Gheysen G, Price AH, Shrestha R. QTL-seq reveals a major root-knot nematode resistance locus on chromosome 11 in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Euphytica 2019; 215:117. [PMID: 31274875 PMCID: PMC6570777 DOI: 10.1007/s10681-019-2427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is a serious pest in rice affecting production in many rice growing areas. Natural host resistance is an attractive control strategy because the speed of the parasite's life cycle and the broad host range it attacks make other control measures challenging. Although resistance has been found in the domesticated African rice Oryza glaberrima and the wild rice species O. longistaminata, the introgression of resistance genes to Asian rice O. sativa is challenging. Resistance due to a major gene in O. sativa would greatly aid breeding. Recently two accessions resistant to M. graminicola have been identified in a screen of 332 diverse O. sativa cultivars. In this study, these two resistant cultivars, LD 24 (an indica from Sri Lanka) and Khao Pahk Maw (an aus from Thailand), were crossed with a moderately susceptible cultivar, Vialone Nano (a temperate japonica from Italy). Approximately 175 F2 progeny of both populations were screened for susceptibility to M. graminicola infection. Between 20 and 23 individuals with highest and lowest galls per plants were pooled to make susceptible and resistant bulks which were sequenced to conduct bulked segregant analysis using the QTL-seq method. This revealed a nematode resistance locus from 23 Mbp to the bottom of rice chromosome 11 in both crosses suggesting a rare introgression of the same locus is responsible for resistance in both cultivars. While this information can be used in marker-assisted breeding, analysis of available SNP data revealed candidate loci and genes worthy of further investigation for gene identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zobaida Lahari
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Antonio Ribeiro
- Centre for Genome-Enabled Biology and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Partha Talukdar
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Brennan Martin
- Centre for Genome-Enabled Biology and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Zeynab Heidari
- Centre for Genome-Enabled Biology and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Godelieve Gheysen
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adam H. Price
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Roshi Shrestha
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Dimkpa SON, Lahari Z, Shrestha R, Douglas A, Gheysen G, Price AH. A genome-wide association study of a global rice panel reveals resistance in Oryza sativa to root-knot nematodes. J Exp Bot 2016; 67:1191-200. [PMID: 26552884 PMCID: PMC4753847 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the most serious nematode pests worldwide and represents a major constraint on rice production. While variation in the susceptibility of Asian rice (Oryza sativa) exists, so far no strong and reliable resistance has been reported. Quantitative trait loci for partial resistance have been reported but no underlying genes have been tagged or cloned. Here, 332 accessions of the Rice Diversity Panel 1 were assessed for gall formation, revealing large variation across all subpopulations of rice and higher susceptibility in temperate japonica accessions. Accessions Khao Pahk Maw and LD 24 appeared to be resistant, which was confirmed in large pot experiments where no galls were observed. Detailed observations on these two accessions revealed no nematodes inside the roots 2 days after inoculation and very few females after 17 days (5 in Khao Pahk Maw and <1 in LD 24, in comparison with >100 in the susceptible controls). These two cultivars appear ideal donors for breeding root-knot nematode resistance. A genome-wide association study revealed 11 quantitative trait loci, two of which are close to epistatic loci detected in the Bala x Azucena population. The discussion highlights a small number of candidate genes worth exploring further, in particular many genes with lectin domains and genes on chromosome 11 with homology to the Hordeum Mla locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley O N Dimkpa
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB243UU, UK Current address: Department of Crop and Soil Science, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nigeria
| | - Zobaida Lahari
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University (UGent), Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roshi Shrestha
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB243UU, UK
| | - Alex Douglas
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB243UU, UK
| | - Godelieve Gheysen
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University (UGent), Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adam H Price
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB243UU, UK
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