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Petsagkourakis I, Riera-Galindo S, Ruoko TP, Strakosas X, Pavlopoulou E, Liu X, Braun S, Kroon R, Kim N, Lienemann S, Gueskine V, Hadziioannou G, Berggren M, Fahlman M, Fabiano S, Tybrandt K, Crispin X. Improved Performance of Organic Thermoelectric Generators Through Interfacial Energetics. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2206954. [PMID: 37132565 PMCID: PMC10369274 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial energetics are known to play a crucial role in organic diodes, transistors, and sensors. Designing the metal-organic interface has been a tool to optimize the performance of organic (opto)electronic devices, but this is not reported for organic thermoelectrics. In this work, it is demonstrated that the electrical power of organic thermoelectric generators (OTEGs) is also strongly dependent on the metal-organic interfacial energetics. Without changing the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of polythiophene-based conducting polymers, the generated power of an OTEG can vary by three orders of magnitude simply by tuning the work function of the metal contact to reach above 1000 µW cm-2 . The effective Seebeck coefficient (Seff ) of a metal/polymer/metal single leg OTEG includes an interfacial contribution (Vinter /ΔT) in addition to the intrinsic bulk Seebeck coefficient of the polythiophenes, such that Seff = S + Vinter /ΔT varies from 22.7 µV K-1 [9.4 µV K-1 ] with Al to 50.5 µV K-1 [26.3 µV K-1 ] with Pt for poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):p-toluenesulfonate [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate)]. Spectroscopic techniques are used to reveal a redox interfacial reaction affecting locally the doping level of the polymer at the vicinity of the metal-organic interface and conclude that the energetics at the metal-polymer interface provides a new strategy to enhance the performance of OTEGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Petsagkourakis
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - S Riera-Galindo
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - T-P Ruoko
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - X Strakosas
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - E Pavlopoulou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - X Liu
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - S Braun
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - R Kroon
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - N Kim
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - S Lienemann
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - V Gueskine
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - G Hadziioannou
- Bordeaux INP, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, LCPO, F-33600, UMR 5629, Pessac, France
| | - M Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, 602 23, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - M Fahlman
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - S Fabiano
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - K Tybrandt
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - X Crispin
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
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