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Novaglio C, Bax N, Boschetti F, Emad GR, Frusher S, Fullbrook L, Hemer M, Jennings S, van Putten I, Robinson LM, Spain E, Vince J, Voyer M, Wood G, Fulton EA. Deep aspirations: towards a sustainable offshore Blue Economy. Rev Fish Biol Fish 2022; 32:209-230. [PMID: 33500602 PMCID: PMC7819630 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-020-09628-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The ocean economy is experiencing rapid growth that will provide benefits but will also pose environmental and social risks. With limited space and degraded resources in coastal areas, offshore waters will be a particular focus of Blue Economy expansion over the next decade. When emerging and established economic sectors expand in offshore waters (within national Exclusive Economic Zones), different potential Blue Economy opportunities and challenges will arise. Following a series of interdisciplinary workshops, we imagine two technically possible futures for the offshore Blue Economy and we identify the actions required to achieve the more sustainable outcome. Under a business as usual scenario the focus will remain on economic growth, the commodification of nature, the dominance of private over public and cultural interests, and prioritisation of the interests of current over future generations. A more sustainable scenario would meet multiple UN Sustainable Development Goals and ensure inclusive economic developments, environmental sustainability, and fair and equitable access to resources and technologies across users, nations, and generations. Challenges to this more sustainable future are a lack of infrastructure and technology to support emerging offshore sectors, limited understanding of environmental impacts, inequitable outcomes, and a lack of planning and governmental oversight. Addressing these challenges will require a shift in societal values, a more balanced allocation of funding to offshore activities, transparency in information sharing between industries and across nations, and adjustment of international legal and institutional mechanisms. The sustainable and equitable offshore Blue Economy we envisage is achievable and provides a unique opportunity to build global capacity and partnership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Novaglio
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Narissa Bax
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | | | - Gholam Reza Emad
- Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS Australia
| | - Stewart Frusher
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Liam Fullbrook
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Social Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Mark Hemer
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | | | - Ingrid van Putten
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Lucy M. Robinson
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Perth, WA Australia
- Oceans Graduate School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA Australia
| | - Erica Spain
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Joanna Vince
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Social Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS Australia
| | - Michelle Voyer
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security (ANCORS), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - Graham Wood
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Humanities, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS Australia
| | - Elizabeth A. Fulton
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, Hobart, TAS Australia
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