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Li J, Xu D, Yao S, Du F. Engineering Detrimental Functional Groups in Conductive Additives Toward High-Performance All-Solid-State Batteries. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400074. [PMID: 38366948 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Conductive additives are of great importance for the adequate utilization of active materials in all-solid-state lithium batteries by establishing conductive networks in the composite cathode. However, it usually causes severe interfacial side reactions with solid electrolytes, especially sulfide electrolytes, leading to sluggish ion transportation and accelerated performance degradation. Herein, a simple hydrogen thermal reduction process is proposed on a commonly used conductive additive Super P, which effectively removes the surface oxygen functional groups and weakens the interfacial side reactions with sulfide. With a small amount of 1 wt % reduced Super P, ASSLBs demonstrates a competitive capacity of 180.2 mAh g-1, which is much higher than the 130.8 mAh g-1 of untreated Super P. Impressively, reduced Super P based ASSLBs also exhibit a higher capacity retention of 81.8 % than 64.6 % of untreated Super P. The cathode interfacial chemical evolutions reveal that reduced Super P could effectively alleviate the side reactions of sulfide. Reduced Super P shows better reversible capacity compared to reduced carbon nanofiber with almost no loss of capacity retention, due to its more complete conductive network. Our results highlight the importance of oxygen-containing functional groups for conductive additives, lightening the prospect of low-cost 0D conductive additives for practical ASSLBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R., China
| | - Daren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R., China
| | - Fei Du
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R., China
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Fan Z, Song W, Yang N, Lou C, Tian R, Hua W, Tang M, Du F. Insights into the Phase Purity and Storage Mechanism of Nonstoichiometric Na 3.4 Fe 2.4 (PO 4 ) 1.4 P 2 O 7 Cathode for High-Mass-Loading and High-Power-Density Sodium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316957. [PMID: 38168896 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Mixed-anion-group Fe-based phosphate materials, such as Na4 Fe3 (PO4 )2 P2 O7 , have emerged as promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, the synthesis of pure-phase material has remained a challenge, and the phase evolution during sodium (de)intercalation is debating as well. Herein, a solid-solution strategy is proposed to partition Na4 Fe3 (PO4 )2 P2 O7 into 2NaFePO4 ⋅ Na2 FeP2 O7 from the angle of molecular composition. Via regulating the starting ratio of NaFePO4 and Na2 FeP2 O7 during the synthesis process, the nonstoichiometric pure-phase material could be successfully synthesized within a narrow NaFePO4 content between 1.6 and 1.2. Furthermore, the proposed synthesis strategy demonstrates strong applicability that helps to address the impurity issue of Na4 Co3 (PO4 )2 P2 O7 and nonstoichiometric Na3.4 Co2.4 (PO4 )1.4 P2 O7 are evidenced to be the pure phase. The model Na3.4 Fe2.4 (PO4 )1.4 P2 O7 cathode (the content of NaFePO4 equals 1.4) demonstrates exceptional sodium storage performances, including ultrahigh rate capability under 100 C and ultralong cycle life over 14000 cycles. Furthermore, combined measurements of ex situ nuclear magnetic resonance, in situ synchrotron radiation diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy clearly reveal a two-phase transition during Na+ extraction/insertion, which provides a new insight into the ionic storage process for such kind of mixed-anion-group Fe-based phosphate materials and pave the way for the development of high-power sodium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wande Song
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Nian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chenjie Lou
- Center for High-Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Ruiyuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Weibo Hua
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Mingxue Tang
- Center for High-Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Fei Du
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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Sun G, Lou C, Yi B, Jia W, Wei Z, Yao S, Lu Z, Chen G, Shen Z, Tang M, Du F. Electrochemically induced crystalline-to-amorphization transformation in sodium samarium silicate solid electrolyte for long-lasting sodium metal batteries. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6501. [PMID: 37845205 PMCID: PMC10579357 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploiting solid electrolyte (SE) materials with high ionic conductivity, good interfacial compatibility, and conformal contact with electrodes is essential for solid-state sodium metal batteries (SSBs). Here we report a crystalline Na5SmSi4O12 SE which features high room-temperature ionic conductivity of 2.9 × 10-3 S cm-1 and a low activation energy of 0.15 eV. All-solid-state symmetric cell with Na5SmSi4O12 delivers excellent cycling life over 800 h at 0.15 mA h cm-2 and a high critical current density of 1.4 mA cm-2. Such excellent electrochemical performance is attributed to an electrochemically induced in-situ crystalline-to-amorphous (CTA) transformation propagating from the interface to the bulk during repeated deposition and stripping of sodium, which leads to faster ionic transport and superior interfacial properties. Impressively, the Na|Na5SmSi4O12|Na3V2(PO4)3 sodium metal batteries achieve a remarkable cycling performance over 4000 cycles (6 months) with no capacity loss. These results not only identify Na5SmSi4O12 as a promising SE but also emphasize the potential of the CTA transition as a promising mechanism towards long-lasting SSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Sun
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Chenjie Lou
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Boqian Yi
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Wanqing Jia
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Zhixuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Shiyu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China.
| | - Ziheng Lu
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Zexiang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Mingxue Tang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), 100193, Beijing, China.
| | - Fei Du
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China.
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