1
|
Horwitz R, Norin T, Watson SA, Pistevos JCA, Beldade R, Hacquart S, Gattuso JP, Rodolfo-Metalpa R, Vidal-Dupiol J, Killen SS, Mills SC. Near-future ocean warming and acidification alter foraging behaviour, locomotion, and metabolic rate in a keystone marine mollusc. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5461. [PMID: 32214174 PMCID: PMC7096400 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmentally-induced changes in fitness are mediated by direct effects on physiology and behaviour, which are tightly linked. We investigated how predicted ocean warming (OW) and acidification (OA) affect key ecological behaviours (locomotion speed and foraging success) and metabolic rate of a keystone marine mollusc, the sea hare Stylocheilus striatus, a specialist grazer of the toxic cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. We acclimated sea hares to OW and/or OA across three developmental stages (metamorphic, juvenile, and adult) or as adults only, and compare these to sea hares maintained under current-day conditions. Generally, locomotion speed and time to locate food were reduced ~1.5- to 2-fold when the stressors (OW or OA) were experienced in isolation, but reduced ~3-fold when combined. Decision-making was also severely altered, with correct foraging choice nearly 40% lower under combined stressors. Metabolic rate appeared to acclimate to the stressors in isolation, but was significantly elevated under combined stressors. Overall, sea hares that developed under OW and/or OA exhibited a less severe impact, indicating beneficial phenotypic plasticity. Reduced foraging success coupled with increased metabolic demands may impact fitness in this species and highlight potentially large ecological consequences under unabated OW and OA, namely in regulating toxic cyanobacteria blooms on coral reefs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rael Horwitz
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia.
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France.
| | - Tommy Norin
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Aqua: National Institute of Aquatic Resources, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sue-Ann Watson
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Jennifer C A Pistevos
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France
| | - Ricardo Beldade
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Simon Hacquart
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Jean-Pierre Gattuso
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 181 chemin du Lazaret, F-06230, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
- Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations, Sciences Po, 27 rue Saint Guillaume, F-75007, Paris, France
| | - Riccardo Rodolfo-Metalpa
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France
- ENTROPIE IRD - Université de La Réunion - CNRS, Nouméa, 98848, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France
| | - Jeremie Vidal-Dupiol
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France
- IFREMER, UMR 241 EIO, BP 7004, 98719, Taravao, Tahiti, French Polynesia
- IHPE, Université Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, F-34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Shaun S Killen
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne C Mills
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France
| |
Collapse
|