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Ogasawara J, Matsumoto N, Takeuchi Y, Yamashiro K, Yasui M, Ikegaya Y. Lengthened circadian rhythms in mice with self-controlled ambient light intensity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7778. [PMID: 38565587 PMCID: PMC10987682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58415-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Laboratory animals are typically maintained under 12-h light and 12-h dark (12:12 LD) conditions with a daytime light intensity of ~ 200 lx. In this study, we designed an apparatus that allowed mice to self-select the room light intensity by nose poking. We measured the behavioral rhythms of the mice under this self-controlled light regimen. The mice quickly learned the relationship between their nose pokes and the resulting changes in the light intensity. Under these conditions, the mice exhibited free-running circadian behavior with a period of 24.5 ± 0.4 h. This circadian period was ~ 1 h longer than that of the same strain of mice when they were kept in constant darkness (DD) after 12:12 LD entrainment, and the lengthened period lasted for at least 30 days. The rhythm of the light intensity controlled by the mice also exhibited a similar period, but the phase of the illuminance rhythm preceded the phase of the locomotor activity rhythm. Mice that did not have access to the light controller were also entrained to the illuminance cycle produced by the mice that did have access to the light controller, but with a slightly delayed phase. The rhythm was likely controlled by the canonical circadian clock because mice with tau mutations in the circadian clock gene CSNK1E exhibited short periods of circadian rhythm under the same conditions. These results indicate that the free-running period of mice in the wild may differ from what they exhibit if they are attuned by forced light cycles in laboratories because mice in their natural habitats can self-control their exposure to ambient light, similar to our experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ogasawara
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuki Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yamashiro
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Yamasaki Y, Kamitani T, Sagiyama K, Hino T, Kisanuki M, Tabata K, Isoda T, Kitamura Y, Abe K, Hosokawa K, Toyomura D, Moriyama S, Kawakubo M, Yabuuchi H, Ishigami K. Dynamic chest radiography for pulmonary vascular diseases: clinical applications and correlation with other imaging modalities. Jpn J Radiol 2024; 42:126-144. [PMID: 37626168 PMCID: PMC10811043 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-023-01483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic chest radiography (DCR) is a novel functional radiographic imaging technique that can be used to visualize pulmonary perfusion without using contrast media. Although it has many advantages and clinical utility, most radiologists are unfamiliar with this technique because of its novelty. This review aims to (1) explain the basic principles of lung perfusion assessment using DCR, (2) discuss the advantages of DCR over other imaging modalities, and (3) review multiple specific clinical applications of DCR for pulmonary vascular diseases and compare them with other imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Yamasaki
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Kamitani
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Koji Sagiyama
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takuya Hino
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Megumi Kisanuki
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tabata
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takuro Isoda
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kitamura
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Hosokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Toyomura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shohei Moriyama
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masateru Kawakubo
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidetake Yabuuchi
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kousei Ishigami
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Inose T, Toyouchi S, Hara S, Sugioka S, Walke P, Oyabu R, Fortuni B, Peeters W, Usami Y, Hirai K, De Feyter S, Uji-I H, Fujita Y, Tanaka H. Visualizing Ribbon-to-Ribbon Heterogeneity of Chemically Unzipped Wide Graphene Nanoribbons by Silver Nanowire-Based Tip-Enhanced Raman Scattering Microscopy. Small 2024; 20:e2301841. [PMID: 37649218 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), a quasi-one-dimensional form of graphene, have gained tremendous attention due to their potential for next-generation nanoelectronic devices. The chemical unzipping of carbon nanotubes is one of the attractive fabrication methods to obtain single-layered GNRs (sGNRs) with simple and large-scale production. The authors recently found that unzipping from double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs), rather than single- or multi-walled, results in high-yield production of crystalline sGNRs. However, details of the resultant GNR structure, as well as the reaction mechanism, are not fully understood due to the necessity of nanoscale spectroscopy. In this regard, silver nanowire-based tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is applied for single GNR analysis and investigated ribbon-to-ribbon heterogeneity in terms of defect density and edge structure generated through the unzipping process. The authors found that sGNRs originated from the inner walls of DWNTs showed lower defect densities than those from the outer walls. Furthermore, TERS spectra of sGNRs exhibit a large variety in graphitic Raman parameters, indicating a large variation in edge structures. This work at the single GNR level reveals, for the first time, ribbon-to-ribbon heterogeneity that can never be observed by diffraction-limited techniques and provides deeper insights into unzipped GNR structure as well as the DWNT unzipping reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Inose
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, iCeMS Research Bldg, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shuichi Toyouchi
- Departement Chemie, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
- Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Hara
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Shoji Sugioka
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES), Hokkaido University, N20W10, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Peter Walke
- Departement Chemie, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
- Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, 19086, Estonia
| | - Rikuto Oyabu
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Beatrice Fortuni
- Departement Chemie, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Wannes Peeters
- Departement Chemie, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Yuki Usami
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
- Research Center for Neuromorphic AI Hardware, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Kenji Hirai
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES), Hokkaido University, N20W10, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Departement Chemie, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Hiroshi Uji-I
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, iCeMS Research Bldg, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Departement Chemie, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES), Hokkaido University, N20W10, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Fujita
- Departement Chemie, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
- Toray Research Center, Inc., Sonoyama 3-3-7, Otsu, Shiga, 520-8567, Japan
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST Chugoku), Kagamiyama 3-11-32, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
- Research Center for Neuromorphic AI Hardware, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
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Takakura K, Yamasaki Y, Kuramoto T, Yoshidome S, Hida T, Kamitani T, Yoshikawa H, Kato T, Ishigami K. Refined scan protocol for the evaluation of pulmonary perfusion standardized image quality and reduced radiation dose in dynamic chest radiography. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2024; 25:e14222. [PMID: 38011586 PMCID: PMC10795455 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.14222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dynamic chest radiography (DCR) is a novel imaging technique used to noninvasively evaluate pulmonary perfusion. However, the standard DCR protocol, which is roughly adapted to the patient's body size, occasionally causes over- or underexposure, which could influence clinical evaluation. Therefore, we proposed a refined protocol by increasing the number of patient body mass index (BMI) categories from three to seven groups and verified its usefulness by comparing the image sensitivity indicators (S-values) and entrance surface doses (ESDs) of the conventional protocol with those of our refined protocol. METHODS This retrospective observational study included 388 datasets (standing position, 224; supine position, 164) for the conventional protocol (December 2019-April 2021) and 336 datasets (standing position, 233; supine position, 103) for the refined protocol (June-November 2021). The conventional protocol (BMI-3 protocol) divided the patients into three BMI groups (BMI < 17, 17≤BMI < 25, and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 ), whereas the refined protocol (BMI-7 protocol) divided the patients into seven BMI groups (BMI < 17, 17 ≤ BMI < 20, 20 ≤ BMI < 23, 23 ≤ BMI < 26, 26 ≤ BMI < 29, 29 ≤ BMI < 32, and BMI ≥ 32 kg/m2 ). The coefficients of variation (CVs) for the S-values and ESDs acquired using the two protocols were compared. RESULTS The CVs of the S-values in the BMI-7 protocol group were significantly lower than those in the BMI-3 protocol group for the standing (28.8% vs. 16.7%; p < 0.01) and supine (24.5% vs. 17.7%; p < 0.01) positions. The ESDs of patients scanned using the BMI-7 protocol were significantly lower than those scanned using the BMI-3 protocol in the standing (1.3 vs. 1.1 mGy; p < 0.01) and supine positions (2.5 vs. 1.6 mGy; p < 0.01), although the mean BMI of the two groups were similar. CONCLUSION We introduced the BMI-7 protocol and demonstrated its standardized image quality and reduced radiation exposure in patients undergoing DCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Takakura
- Division of RadiologyDepartment of Medical TechnologyKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Yuzo Yamasaki
- Department of Clinical RadiologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Taku Kuramoto
- Department of Radiological TechnologyFaculty of Health SciencesKobe Tokiwa UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Satoshi Yoshidome
- Division of RadiologyDepartment of Medical TechnologyKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Tomoyuki Hida
- Department of RadiologyOnga Nakama Medical Association Onga HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Takeshi Kamitani
- Department of Clinical RadiologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hideki Yoshikawa
- Division of RadiologyDepartment of Medical TechnologyKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Toyoyuki Kato
- Division of RadiologyDepartment of Medical TechnologyKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Kousei Ishigami
- Department of Clinical RadiologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
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Kitada R, Otsuka K, Fukuda D. Role of plaque imaging for identification of vulnerable patients beyond the stage of myocardial ischemia. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1095806. [PMID: 37008333 PMCID: PMC10063905 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1095806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is a progressive disease, which often first manifests as acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Imaging modalities are clinically useful in making decisions about the management of patients with CCS. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that myocardial ischemia is a surrogate marker for CCS management; however, its ability to predict cardiovascular death or nonfatal myocardial infarction is limited. Herein, we present a review that highlights the latest knowledge available on coronary syndromes and discuss the role and limitations of imaging modalities in the diagnosis and management of patients with coronary artery disease. This review covers the essential aspects of the role of imaging in assessing myocardial ischemia and coronary plaque burden and composition. Furthermore, recent clinical trials on lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory therapies have been discussed. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive overview of intracoronary and noninvasive cardiovascular imaging modalities and an understanding of ACS and CCS, with a focus on histopathology and pathophysiology.
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Wang J, Kasuya K, Koga H, Nogi M, Uetani K. Thermal Conductivity Analysis of Chitin and Deacetylated-Chitin Nanofiber Films under Dry Conditions. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:658. [PMID: 33800288 PMCID: PMC8001616 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chitin, a natural polysaccharide polymer, forms highly crystalline nanofibers and is expected to have sophisticated engineering applications. In particular, for development of next-generation heat-transfer and heat-insulating materials, analysis of the thermal conductivity is important, but the thermal conductivity properties of chitin nanofiber materials have not been reported. The thermal conductivity properties of chitin nanofiber materials are difficult to elucidate without excluding the effect of adsorbed water and analyzing the influence of surface amino groups. In this study, we aimed to accurately evaluate the thermal conductivity properties of chitin nanofiber films by changing the content of surface amino groups and measuring the thermal diffusivity under dry conditions. Chitin and deacetylated-chitin nanofiber films with surface deacetylation of 5.8% and 25.1% showed in-plane thermal conductivity of 0.82 and 0.73 W/mK, respectively. Taking into account that the films had similar crystalline structures and almost the same moisture contents, the difference in the thermal conductivity was concluded to only depend on the amino group content on the fiber surfaces. Our methodology for measuring the thermal diffusivity under conditioned humidity will pave the way for more accurate analysis of the thermal conductivity performance of hydrophilic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Wang
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (J.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Keitaro Kasuya
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (J.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Hirotaka Koga
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.)
| | - Masaya Nogi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.)
| | - Kojiro Uetani
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.)
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Uetani K, Uto T, Suzuki N. Irregular and suppressed elastic deformation by a structural twist in cellulose nanofibre models. Sci Rep 2021; 11:790. [PMID: 33437010 PMCID: PMC7803750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80890-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The elastic responsiveness of single cellulose nanofibres is important for advanced analysis of biological tissues and their use in sophisticated functional materials. However, the mechanical responsiveness derived from the twisted structure of cellulose nanofibres (CNFs) has remained unexplored. In this study, finite element simulations were applied to characterize the deformation response derived from the torsional structure by performing tensile and bending tests of an unconventionally very long and twisted rod model, having the known dimensional parameters and properties of CNFs. The antagonistic action of two types of structural elements (a contour twist and a curvilinear coordinate) was found to result in an irregular deformation response but with only small fluctuations. The contour twist generated rotational displacements under tensile load, but the curvilinear coordinate suppressed rotational displacement. Under bending stress, the contour twist minimized irregular bending deformation because of the orthotropic properties and made the bending stress transferability a highly linear response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Uetani
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan.
| | - Takuya Uto
- Organization for Promotion of Tenure Track, University of Miyazaki, Nishi 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Nozomu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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