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Shane AL, Sato AI, Kao C, Adler-Shohet FC, Vora SB, Auletta JJ, Nachman S, Raabe VN, Inagaki K, Akinboyo IC, Woods C, Alsulami AO, Kainth MK, Santos RP, Espinosa CM, Burns JE, Cunningham CK, Dominguez SR, Martinez BL, Zhu F, Crews J, Kitano T, Saiman L, Kotloff K. A Pediatric Infectious Diseases Perspective of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2020; 9:596-608. [PMID: 32840614 PMCID: PMC7499621 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piaa099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the role that children play in the clinical burden and propagation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, is emerging. While the severe manifestations and acute clinical burden of COVID-19 have largely spared children compared with adults, understanding the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostics, management, and prevention opportunities and the social and behavioral impacts on child health is vital. Foremost is clarifying the contribution of asymptomatic and mild infections to transmission within the household and community and the clinical and epidemiologic significance of uncommon severe post-infectious complications. Here, we summarize the current knowledge, identify resources, and outline research opportunities. Pediatric infectious diseases clinicians have a unique opportunity to advocate for the inclusion of children in epidemiological, clinical, treatment, and prevention studies to optimize their care as well as to represent children in the development of guidance and policy during pandemic response.
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MESH Headings
- Asymptomatic Diseases
- Betacoronavirus
- COVID-19
- COVID-19 Testing
- Child
- Child Health Services
- Clinical Laboratory Techniques
- Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis
- Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control
- Coronavirus Infections/therapy
- Coronavirus Infections/transmission
- Female
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/prevention & control
- Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
- Pandemics/prevention & control
- Pediatrics
- Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis
- Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control
- Pneumonia, Viral/therapy
- Pneumonia, Viral/transmission
- Practice Guidelines as Topic
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
- SARS-CoV-2
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi L Shane
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alice I Sato
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Children’s Hospital & Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Carol Kao
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Felice C Adler-Shohet
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, USA
| | - Surabhi B Vora
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeffery J Auletta
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sharon Nachman
- Department of Pediatrics, Stony Brook Children’s, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Vanessa N Raabe
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, New York University Langone Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kengo Inagaki
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Ibukunoluwa C Akinboyo
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Charles Woods
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee College of Medicine Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| | - Abdulsalam O Alsulami
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mundeep K Kainth
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children’s Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York, USA
| | - Roberto Parulan Santos
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, University Hospital, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Claudia M Espinosa
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Julianne E Burns
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Coleen K Cunningham
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Samuel R Dominguez
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Beatriz Larru Martinez
- Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Zhu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jonathan Crews
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Children’s Hospital of San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Taito Kitano
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Saiman
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York–Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karen Kotloff
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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