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Navrátilová A, Bečvář V, Baloun J, Damgaard D, Nielsen CH, Veigl D, Pavelka K, Vencovský J, Šenolt L, Andrés Cerezo L. S100A11 (calgizzarin) is released via NETosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and stimulates IL-6 and TNF secretion by neutrophils. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6063. [PMID: 33727634 PMCID: PMC7966750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85561-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
S100A11 (calgizzarin), a member of S100 family, is associated with several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of RA and in the externalization of some S100 family members. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association between S100A11 and NETs in RA. For this purpose, the levels of S100A11 and NETosis markers were detected in the RA synovial fluid by immunoassays. The expression of S100A11 by neutrophils in the RA synovial tissue was assessed. Neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood were exposed to S100A11 or stimulated to release NETs. The levels of NETosis- and inflammation-associated proteins were analysed by immunoassays. NETs were visualized by immunofluorescence. We showed that S100A11 was expressed by the neutrophils in the RA synovial tissue. Moreover, S100A11 in the RA synovial fluid correlated with several NETosis markers. In vitro, S100A11 was abundantly released by neutrophils undergoing NETosis compared to untreated cells (p < 0.001). Extracellular S100A11 increased the secretion of IL-6 (p < 0.05) and TNF (p < 0.05) by neutrophils but did not induce NETosis. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that the release of S100A11 is dependent on NETosis and that extracellular S100A11 augments the inflammatory response by inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines in neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adéla Navrátilová
- Institute of Rheumatology, Na Slupi 4, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Bečvář
- Institute of Rheumatology, Na Slupi 4, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Baloun
- Institute of Rheumatology, Na Slupi 4, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dres Damgaard
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Henrik Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Veigl
- First Orthopaedic Clinic, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Pavelka
- Institute of Rheumatology, Na Slupi 4, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Vencovský
- Institute of Rheumatology, Na Slupi 4, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Šenolt
- Institute of Rheumatology, Na Slupi 4, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Andrés Cerezo
- Institute of Rheumatology, Na Slupi 4, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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