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Cadenas-Sanchez C, Medrano M, Villanueva A, Cabeza R, Idoate F, Osés M, Rodríguez-Vigil B, Álvarez de Eulate N, Alberdi Aldasoro N, Ortega FB, Labayen I. Differences in specific abdominal fat depots between metabolically healthy and unhealthy children with overweight/obesity: The role of cardiorespiratory fitness. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023. [PMID: 37081735 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fat depots localization has a critical role in the metabolic health status of adults. Nevertheless, whether that is also the case in children remains under-studied. Therefore, the aims of this study were: (i) to examine the differences between metabolically healthy (MHO) and unhealthy (MUO) overweight/obesity phenotypes on specific abdominal fat depots, and (ii) to further explore whether cardiorespiratory fitness plays a major role in the differences between metabolic phenotypes among children with overweight/obesity. METHODS A total of 114 children with overweight/obesity (10.6 ± 1.1 years, 62 girls) were included. Children were classified as MHO (n = 68) or MUO. visceral (VAT), abdominal subcutaneous (ASAT), intermuscular abdominal (IMAAT), psoas, hepatic, pancreatic, and lumbar bone marrow adipose tissues were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using the 20 m shuttle run test. RESULTS MHO children had lower VAT and ASAT contents and psoas fat fraction compared to MUO children (difference = 12.4%-25.8%, all p < 0.035). MUO-unfit had more VAT and ASAT content than those MUO-fit and MHO-fit (difference = 34.8%-45.3%, all p < 0.044). MUO-unfit shows also greater IMAAT fat fraction than those MUO-fit and MHO-fit peers (difference = 16.4%-13.9% respectively, all p ≤ 0.001). In addition, MHO-unfit presented higher IMAAT fat fraction than MHO-fit (difference = 13.4%, p < 0.001). MUO-unfit presented higher psoas fat fraction than MHO-fit (difference = 29.1%, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS VAT together with ASAT and psoas fat fraction, were lower in MHO than in MUO children. Further, we also observed that being fit, regardless of metabolic phenotype, has a protective role over the specific abdominal fat depots among children with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Food Chain Development (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarre. Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Medrano
- Research Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Food Chain Development (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarre. Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arantxa Villanueva
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Smart Cities Institute, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Public University of Navarre Pamplona, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Cabeza
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Public University of Navarre Pamplona, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Idoate
- Radiology Department, Mutua Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maddi Osés
- Research Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Food Chain Development (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarre. Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rodríguez-Vigil
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Osatek, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Natalia Álvarez de Eulate
- Sección de Radiología Musculoesquelética, Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Alberdi Aldasoro
- Sección de Radiología Musculoesquelética, Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Research Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Food Chain Development (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarre. Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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